Computer Engineering Commons^™

Sensor Placement With Time-To-Detection Guarantees, Saif Eddin Jabari, Laura Wynter

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We present a novel and effective method for determining the placement of sensors so as to be able to satisfy probabilistic constraints on the time-to-detection of an incident. Indeed, with the wealth of real-time traffic data available today, an important new goal of intelligent traffic management systems is incident detection with time-to-detection guarantees, in particular on expressways with large distances between sensors. This goal drives investment decisions in new sensor deployment, hence making the topic a pressing need for traffic management. The method we provide makes use of a probabilistic formulation of traffic behavior and incident localization to determine the …

Hashtag Recommendation With Topical Attention-Based Lstm, Yang Li, Ting Liu, Jing Jiang, Liang Zhang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Microblogging services allow users to create hashtags to categorize their posts. In recent years,the task of recommending hashtags for microblogs has been given increasing attention. However,most of existing methods depend on hand-crafted features. Motivated by the successful use oflong short-term memory (LSTM) for many natural language processing tasks, in this paper, weadopt LSTM to learn the representation of a microblog post. Observing that hashtags indicatethe primary topics of microblog posts, we propose a novel attention-based LSTM model whichincorporates topic modeling into the LSTM architecture through an attention mechanism. Weevaluate our model using a large real-world dataset. Experimental results show that …

Quantifying Parkinson's Disease Symptoms Using Mobile Devices, Charles R. Aylward

Master's Theses

Current assessments for evaluating the progression of Parkinson’s Disease are largely qualitative and based on small sets of data obtained from occasional doctor-patient interactions. There is a clinical need to improve the techniques used for mitigating common Parkinson’s Disease symptoms. Available data sets for researching the disease are minimal, hindering advancement toward understanding the underlying causes and effectiveness of treatment and therapies. Mobile devices present an opportunity to continuously monitor Parkinson’s Disease patients and collect important information regarding the severity of symptoms. The evolution of digital technology has opened doors for clinical research to extend beyond the clinic by incorporating …

Investigation Of Polymer–Plasticizer Blends As Sh-Saw Sensor Coatings For Detection Of Benzene In Water With High Sensitivity And Long-Term Stability, Pintu Adhikari, Laura Jeanne Alderson, Florian Bender, Antonio J. Ricco, Fabien Josse

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

We report the first-ever direct detection of benzene in water at concentrations below 100 ppb (parts per billion) using acoustic wave (specifically, shear-horizontal surface acoustic wave, SH-SAW) sensors with plasticized polymer coatings. Two polymers and two plasticizers were studied as materials for sensor coatings. For each polymer–plasticizer combination, the influence of the mixing ratio of the blend on the sensitivity to benzene was measured and compared to commercially available polymers that were used for BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene) detection in previous work. After optimizing the coating parameters, the highest sensitivity and lowest detection limit for benzene were found …

Harmonic Scale Transformations, John H. Chalmers

The Transdisciplinary STEAM+ Journal

My artwork derives from a project to delineate the transformations certain types of harmonic musical scales undergo as the sizes of their generating intervals vary over the space of the octave.

Overview Of Lte Spectrum Sharing Technologies, Yun Ye, Dalei Wu, Zhihui Shu, Yi Qian

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Long-Term Evolution (LTE) communication systems feature advanced frequency reuse and interference coordination techniques providing faster and more secured mobile services. However, the network capacity in licensed spectrum is still behind market demands. Dynamic spectrum access or spectrum sharing in other frequently vacant or unlicensed frequency bands is considered an effective means to boost system throughput. Different from operations in licensed spectrum with exclusive access, LTE deployment needs to take into account the distinct regulations on channel access to each shared frequency band, in order to avoid interference to incumbent users, and to maintain fair play with peer operators in heterogeneous …

On The Origin Of Synthetic Life: Attribution Of Output To A Particular Algorithm, Roman V. Yampolskiy

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

With unprecedented advances in genetic engineering we are starting to see progressively more original examples of synthetic life. As such organisms become more common it is desirable to gain an ability to distinguish between natural and artificial life forms. In this paper, we address this challenge as a generalized version of Darwin's original problem, which he so brilliantly described in On the Origin of Species. After formalizing the problem of determining the samples' origin, we demonstrate that the problem is in fact unsolvable. In the general case, if computational resources of considered originator algorithms have not been limited and priors …

Mesh Addition Based On The Depth Image (Mabdi), Lucas E. Chavez

Mechanical Engineering ETDs

Many robotic applications utilize a detailed map of the world and the algorithm used to produce such a map must take into consideration real-world constraints such as computational and memory costs. Traditional mesh-based environmental mapping algorithms receive data from the sensor, create a mesh surface from the data, and then append the surface to a growing global mesh. These algorithms do not provide a computationally efficient mechanism for reducing redundancies in the global mesh. MABDI is able to leverage the knowledge contained in the global mesh to find the difference between what we expect our sensor to see and what …

Towards Concolic Testing For Hybrid Systems, Pingfan Kong, Yi Li, Xiaohong Chen, Jun Sun, Meng Sun, Jingyi Wang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Hybrid systems exhibit both continuous and discrete behavior. Analyzing hybrid systems is known to be hard. Inspired by the idea of concolic testing (of programs), we investigate whether we can combine random sampling and symbolic execution in order to effectively verify hybrid systems. We identify a sufficient condition under which such a combination is more effective than random sampling. Furthermore, we analyze different strategies of combining random sampling and symbolic execution and propose an algorithm which allows us to dynamically switch between them so as to reduce the overall cost. Our method has been implemented as a web-based checker named …

Towards Learning And Verifying Invariants Of Cyber-Physical Systems By Code Mutation, Yuqi Chen, Christopher M. Poskitt, Jun Sun

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Cyber-physical systems (CPS), which integrate algorithmic control with physical processes, often consist of physically distributed components communicating over a network. A malfunctioning or compromised component in such a CPS can lead to costly consequences, especially in the context of public infrastructure. In this short paper, we argue for the importance of constructing invariants (or models) of the physical behaviour exhibited by CPS, motivated by their applications to the control, monitoring, and attestation of components. To achieve this despite the inherent complexity of CPS, we propose a new technique for learning invariants that combines machine learning with ideas from mutation testing. …

Rapid Deployment Indoor Localization Without Prior Human Participation, Han Xu, Zimu Zhou, Longfei Shangguan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this work, we propose RAD, a RApid Deployment localization framework without human sampling. The basic idea of RAD is to automatically generate a fingerprint database through space partition, of which each cell is fingerprinted by its maximum influence APs. Based on this robust location indicator, fine-grained localization can be achieved by a discretized particle filter utilizing sensor data fusion. We devise techniques for CIVD-based field division, graph-based particle filter, EM-based individual character learning, and build a prototype that runs on commodity devices. Extensive experiments show that RAD provides a comparable performance to the state-of-the-art RSSbased methods while relieving it …

Open Source Database And Website To Provide Free And Open Access To Inactive U.S. Patents In The Public Domain, Yuenyong Nilsiam, Joshua M. Pearce

Department of Materials Science and Engineering Publications

Although theoretically the patent system is meant to bolster innovation, the current United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) is cumbersome and involves a significant time investment to locate inactive patents less than 20 years old. This article reports on the development of an open source database to find these public domain ideas. First, a search strategy is explained. Then the operation and use of free and open source software are detailed to meet the needs of open hardware innovators. Finally, a case study is presented to demonstrate the utility of the approach with 3-D printing. The results showed how …

An M-Learning Maturity Model For Universities And Higher Educational Institutes, Luiz Fernando Capretz, Muasaad Alrasheedi, Arif Raza

Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

An m-learning maturity model is put forward in this research to assess the mobile technology adoption rates in universities and higher educational institutes. The model is derived from Capability Maturity Model (CMM), which has been widely used in organizations to gauge the adoption of various new processes. Five levels of m-learning maturity are specified including preliminary, established, defined, structured, and continuous improvement. Each of these maturity levels is gauged through nine critical success factors (CSFs) in assessment questionnaires. The CSFs used in measuring instrument of the model are adopted from three of our previous empirical studies. Using an assessment questionnaire …

Behavioral Modeling And Fpga Synthesis Of Ieee 802.11n Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (Ofdm) Scheme, Ragahv Sharma

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

In the field of communications, a high data rate and low multi-path fading is required for efficient information exchange. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a widely accepted IEEE 802.11n (and many others) standard for usage in communication systems operating in fading dispersive channels. In this thesis, we modeled the OFDM algorithm at the behavioral level in VHDL/Verilog that was successfully synthesized/verified on an FPGA. Due to rapid technology scaling, FPGAs have become popular and are low-cost and high performance alternatives to (semi-) custom ASICs. Further, due to reprogramming flexibility, FPGAs are useful in rapid prototyping. As per the IEEE …

Formal Performance Guarantees For Behavior-Based Localization Missions, Damian Lyons, Ron Arkin, Shu Jiang, Matt O'Brien, Feng Tang, Peng Tang

Faculty Publications

Abstract— Localization and mapping algorithms can allow a robot to navigate well in an unknown environment. However, whether such algorithms enhance any specific robot mission is currently a matter for empirical validation. In this paper we apply our MissionLab/VIPARS mission design and verification approach to an autonomous robot mission that uses probabilistic localization software.

Two approaches to modeling probabilistic localization for verification are presented: a high-level approach, and a sample-based approach which allows run-time code to be embedded in verification. Verification and experimental validation results are presented for two different missions, each using each method, demonstrating the accuracy …

The Results Of Deliberation, Maggie Wittlin

The University of New Hampshire Law Review

When evaluating whether to sue, prosecute, settle, or plead, trial lawyers must predict the future—they need to estimate how likely they are to win a given case in a given jurisdiction. Social scientists have used mock juror studies to produce a vast body of literature showing how different variables influence juror decision making. But few of these studies account for jury deliberation, so they present an impoverished picture of how these effects play out in trials and are of limited usefulness.

This Article helps lawyers better predict the future by presenting a novel computer model that extrapolates findings about jurors …

Unconventional Methods For A Traditional Setting: The Use Of Virtual Reality To Reduce Implicit Racial Bias In The Courtroom, Natalie Salmanowitz

The University of New Hampshire Law Review

The presumption of innocence and the right to a fair trial lie at the core of the United States justice system. While existing rules and practices serve to uphold these principles, the administration of justice is significantly compromised by a covert but influential factor: namely, implicit racial biases. These biases can lead to automatic associations between race and guilt, as well as impact the way in which judges and jurors interpret information throughout a trial. Despite the well-documented presence of implicit racial biases, few steps have been taken to ameliorate the problem in the courtroom setting. This Article discusses the …

Jitim Volume 25 Issue 3 - Front Page

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

JITIM volume 25, issue 3

Amulet: An Energy-Efficient, Multi-Application Wearable Platform, Josiah Hester, Travis Peters, Tianlong Yun, Ronald Peterson, Joseph Skinner, Bhargav Golla, Kevin Storer, Steven Hearndon, Kevin Freeman, Sarah Lord, Ryan Halter, David Kotz, Jacob Sorber

Dartmouth Scholarship

Wearable technology enables a range of exciting new applications in health, commerce, and beyond. For many important applications, wearables must have battery life measured in weeks or months, not hours and days as in most current devices. Our vision of wearable platforms aims for long battery life but with the flexibility and security to support multiple applications. To achieve long battery life with a workload comprising apps from multiple developers, these platforms must have robust mechanisms for app isolation and developer tools for optimizing resource usage.\r\n\r\nWe introduce the Amulet Platform for constrained wearable devices, which includes an ultra-low-power hardware architecture …

Fuzzy Expert Systems: A More Human-Based Approach For Sensorial Evaluation Of Coffee-Bean Attributes To Derive Quality Scoring, Javier A. Livio

Theses and Dissertations

In the coffee industry, "cupping" is the process of sensorial evaluations of coffee beans, also known as Sample Evaluation. This process is done for three major reasons: to determine the actual sensory differences between coffee samples, to describe the flavors of the samples, and to determine preference of product. In totality, cupping targets the measurement of the coffee's quality related to fragrance, taste, and appearance which are expressed with a final numerical score. When cupping, the expert judge writes down the individual components' scores (fragrance, aftertaste, acidity, body, etc.) and ranks their intensities for reference. Despite the fact the cuppers …

Summarization Of Egocentric Videos: A Comprehensive Survey, Ana Garcia Del Molino, Cheston Tan, Joo-Hwee Lim, Ah-Hwee Tan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The introduction of wearable video cameras (e.g., GoPro) in the consumer market has promoted video life-logging, motivating users to generate large amounts of video data. This increasing flow of first-person video has led to a growing need for automatic video summarization adapted to the characteristics and applications of egocentric video. With this paper, we provide the first comprehensive survey of the techniques used specifically to summarize egocentric videos. We present a framework for first-person view summarization and compare the segmentation methods and selection algorithms used by the related work in the literature. Next, we describe the existing egocentric video datasets …

Designing Minimal Effective Normative Systems With The Help Of Lightweight Formal Methods, Jianye Hao, Eunsuk Kang, Jun Sun, Daniel Jackson

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Normative systems are an important approach to achieving effective coordination among (often an arbitrary number of) agents in multiagent systems. A normative system should be effective in ensuring the satisfaction of a desirable system property, and minimal (i.e., not containing norms that unnecessarily over-constrain the behaviors of agents). Designing or even automatically synthesizing minimal effective normative systems is highly non-trivial. Previous attempts on synthesizing such systems through simulations often fail to generate normative systems which are both minimal and effective. In this work, we propose a framework that facilitates designing of minimal effective normative systems using lightweight formal methods. Given …

Smart Power Grid Synchronization With Fault Tolerant Nonlinear Estimation, Xin Wang, Edwin E. Yaz

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Effective real-time state estimation is essential for smart grid synchronization, as electricity demand continues to grow, and renewable energy resources increase their penetration into the grid. In order to provide a more reliable state estimation technique to address the problem of bad data in the PMU-based power synchronization, this paper presents a novel nonlinear estimation framework to dynamically track frequency, voltage magnitudes and phase angles. Instead of directly analyzing in abc coordinate frame, symmetrical component transformation is employed to separate the positive, negative, and zero sequence networks. Then, Clarke's transformation is used to transform the sequence networks into the αβ …

Saliency Ratio And Power Factor Of Ipm Motors Optimally Designed For High Efficiency And Low Cost Objectives, Peng Zhang, Dan M. Ionel, Nabeel Demerdash

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

This paper uses formal mathematical optimization techniques based on parametric finite-element-based computationally efficient models and differential evolution algorithms. For constant-power applications, in the novel approach described, three concurrent objective functions are minimized: material cost, losses, in order to ensure high efficiency, and the difference between the rated and the characteristic current, aiming to achieve very high constant-power flux-weakening range. Only the first two objectives are considered for constant-torque applications. Two types of interior permanent magnet rotors in a single- and double-layer V-shaped configuration are considered, respectively. The stator has the typical two slots per pole and phase distributed winding configuration. …

Aes Encryption Algorithm Using Arm Trustzone Technology, Chia-Che Lee

Theses and Dissertations

With the huge impact of IoT devices, the security needs are becoming more important than what it had before. Since embedded systems have limited resources, the traditional security solutions are not quite fitting to IoTs because the huge power consumption and resource. ARM TrustZone Technology is a hardware based security feature using in ARM-based devices with minimum resource taken. TrustZone provides a critical environment to isolate security and non-security tasks within Normal and Security World. Both worlds can be a General Purpose Operating System (GPOS) or a Real-Time Operating System (RTOS) depending on designer has needs, and running simultaneously on …

Encouraging Development Of Mobile Applications As A Service To The Community, Vanessa Marie Forney

Master's Theses

The convenience of mobile applications combined with the efficiency and effectiveness provided by technology has contributed to an increased interest in mobile applications. Local groups and non-profit organizations often utilize outdated, manual processes and don’t have the resources or time to look into improving these systems. For Cal Poly students and other members of the community, this means there is an opportunity to apply technical skills and school projects to address these inefficiencies. This work explores whether a better system can be developed to provide the functionality of the existing system and enhance the experience of users through technology, data …

How Do Family Background And Self-Esteem Affect An Individual’S Perception Of Gender-Role Portrayal In Online Advertisements?, Cera T. Crowe, Aimee P. Meader Dr.

The Winthrop McNair Research Bulletin

The purpose of this study is to further understand the relationship of family background and how it affects self-esteem and the perception of gender roles in online imagery. This study focuses on how our history serves as a lens to see gender roles. The schema theory, created by Robert Axelrod, is a model suggesting that people have a “pre-existing assumption about the way the world is organized” (Axelford, 1974). Furthering this theory is Bem's (1981) Gender Schema Theory, which proposes that one's sexual self-concept affects how one structures items in memory. These theories, applied to the understood roles and activities …

A Security Analysis Of Cyber-Physical Systems Architecture For Healthcare, Darren Seifert, Hassan Reza

Computer Science Faculty Publications

This paper surveys the available system architectures for cyber-physical systems. Several candidate architectures are examined using a series of essential qualities for cyber-physical systems for healthcare. Next, diagrams detailing the expected functionality of infusion pumps in two of the architectures are analyzed. The STRIDE Threat Model is then used to decompose each to determine possible security issues and how they can be addressed. Finally, a comparison of the major security issues in each architecture is presented to help determine which is most adaptable to meet the security needs of cyber-physical systems in healthcare.

Threshold Voltage Defined Switches And Gates To Prevent Reverse Engineering, Ithihasa Reddy Nirmala

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

¹Semiconductor supply chain is increasingly getting exposed to variety of security attacks such as Trojan insertion, cloning, counterfeiting, reverse engineering (RE), piracy of Intellectual Property (IP) or Integrated Circuit (IC) and side-channel analysis due to involvement of untrusted parties. In this thesis, we use threshold voltage-defined switches to design a logic gate that will camouflage the conventional logic gates both logically and physically to resist RE and IP piracy. The proposed gate can function as NAND, AND, NOR, OR, XOR, and XNOR robustly using threshold defined switches. We also propose a flavor of camouflaged gate that represents reduced functionality …

Founding Sap Student User Group (Sug) At Southern Illinois University Carbondale - Siu Sug, Jihoon Park, Siuc Isat

ASA Multidisciplinary Research Symposium

Enterprise Computing has quickly become of paramount importance for businesses vying to survive in today’s unlimited competition market. SAP software has become a front runner and leader of business and technical innovation in the enterprise computing industry. Major fortune 500 companies are using SAP software as their main operating software. As the need for individuals knowledgeable on SAP has increased dramatically, learning SAP is becoming important for the market of employment