Civil and Environmental Engineering Commons^™

Potential Water Treatment Residual Used For Eutrophication Prevention: Varying Bake Time And Wet-Dry Release Experiments, Noor Fahoum

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

A challenge faced today in water ways is the excessive growth of algae due to eutrophication. These harmful algal blooms create problems for the environment and safety concerns for the use of water for drinking purposes. An increase in limiting nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus are one of the factors that contribute to eutrophication. This is a concern for the Akron Water Treatment plant where preventative measures are being taken to avoid the potential formation of harmful algal blooms and the cyanotoxins they may release in the water. Through various studies, water treatment residuals (WTR) have been found to …

Investigating The Mechanical Properties Of Frozen Soil Using Non-Destructive Seismic Wave Measurements, Sean Mach

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

This proposed project will be dealing with investigating the mechanical properties of soil under frozen conditions. This will be done by an innovative non-destructive technology measuring the propagation of seismic waves through the frozen soils from multiple piezoelectric sensors. For the duration of this research, a freezing cell must be constructed to carry out the experimental testing. Multiple levels of saturation will be tested under the given freezing conditions. This should highlight the effect that the level of saturation will have on the propagation of seismic waves throughout the soil. Piezo-electric sensors will be placed in each layer of soil …

Cruser Place Green Streets Plan, Neal Friedman

Master of Urban and Regional Planning Capstone Projects

Combining green and complete street design techniques leads to multiple environmental, social and economic benefits that often enhance each other's effectiveness. In urban areas confronting increased pressures of sea level rise, green streets, which incorporate landscaped features or vegetative areas to manage stormwater within the right of way, can be crucial pieces of pedestrian oriented urban design and multimodal planning frameworks that consider and plan for diverse, complementary transportation options. This plan works with the Colonial Place and Riverview Civic League as well as the Norfolk Preservation Collective to come up with green street design recommendations in order to strengthen …

Building Services Engineering January/February 2022

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Salt Water Intrusion In Water Distribution Systems: Analysis, Solution, And Eco-Efficiency, Darud E Sheefa

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Since many water distribution systems (WDSs) experience saltwater intrusion, system behavior during saltwater intrusion is important. An alternative to the currently accepted WDS decontamination method of hydrant flushing is needed since during the current procedure all contaminated water is discharged to the surroundings which imposes environmental impacts. Hence, this research was conducted to study salt spread in different WDSs and to seek an alternative to hydrant flushing as a way of WDS decontamination. First, salt contamination was modelled in real water system models to document the salt spread. It was found that (1) if salt enters as a short pulse, …

Evaluation Of Production-Well Performance In Response To Formation Clogging And Rehabilitation For The Keweenaw Bay Tribal Fish Hatchery, Brock O. Howell

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Temporally, the KBIC (Keweenaw Bay Indian Community) Hatchery wells have manifested general trends of declining specific capacity and higher energy consumption due to mineral precipitation in and around the production wells. Monitoring data, laboratory water analyses, and downhole video logging have confirmed that naturally occurring minerals are precipitating and clogging the screens and, likely, the surrounding formations. The reduction in fluid pressures in and around the well-screens from active pumping wells is typical but, ultimately alters the geochemical and physical conditions such that dissolved minerals precipitate on and around the well-screens, therefore, effectively clogging the well. The clogging from mineral …

Resistome And Mobilome In Surface Runoff From Manured Soil As Affected By Setback Distance, Noelle Mware, Maria C. Hall, Selvakumar Rajendran, John E. Gilley, Amy Schmidt, Shannon Bartelt-Hunt, Yifan Zhang, Xu Li

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Land application of livestock manure introduces antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) into the soil environment. The objectives of this study were to examine the changes of resistome and mobilome in runoff and soil as a function of setback distance, i.e., the distance between manured soil and surface water, and to quantify the contributions of manure and background soil to the ARGs and MGEs in surface runoff. The resistome and mobilome in runoff and soil from a field-scale plot study were characterized using a high throughput quantitative polymerase chain reaction (HT-qPCR) array. It was estimated that a …

Emission Of Volatile Organic Compounds From Land-Applied Beef Cattle Manure As Affected By Application Method, Diet, And Soil Water Condition, Bryan L. Woodbury, John E. Gilley, David B. Parker, David B. Marx

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Land application of beef cattle manure may result in the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOC). This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of diet, land application method, soil water condition, and time since manure application on VOC emissions. Manure was collected from feedlot pens where cattle were fed diets containing 0%, 10%, or 30% wet distillers grains with solubles (WDGS). The effects of manure application method (surface-applied or incorporated) and soil water condition (saturated or wet) on VOC emissions were measured over a 48 h period. Heptanoic, hexanoic, isobutyric, and isovaleric acids contributed 23.5%, 17.6%, 9.26%, and 3.39% …

Geospatial Synthesis Of Biogeochemical Attributions Of Porphyrins To Oil Pollution In Marine Sediments Of The Gulf Of México, Francisco Muñoz-Arriola, José Vinicio Macías-Zamora

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Porphyrins are highly persistent in the environment and represent a helpful biogeochemical attribute to assess the spatial distribution of the effects of oil spills on ecosystems and their resilience. In areas prone to natural and human-originated oil spills, the measurement of VO– and nickel– porphyrins in marine–sediment samples can identify the effects of oil pollution across spatiotemporal scales. The goal is to explore whether or not these compounds can be useful indicators of the geospatial attributions of oil contamination in the surficial sediments. We hypothesize that the geospatial gradients of porphyrins in marine sediments from petroleum spills and seepage activities—related …

The Brazilian Soil Spectral Service (Braspecs): A User-Friendly System For Global Soil Spectra Communication, José A. M. Demattê, Ariane Francine Da Silveira Paiva, Raul Roberto Poppiel, Nícolas Augusto Rosin, Luis Fernando Chimelo Ruiz, Fellipe Alcantara De Oliveira Mello, Budiman Minasny, Sabine Grunwald, Yufeng Ge, Eyal Ben Dor, Asa Gholizadeh, Cecile Gomez, Sabine Chabrillat, Nicolas Francos, Shamsollah Ayoubi, Dian Fiantis, James Kobina Mensah Biney, Changkun Wang, Abdelaziz Belal, Salman Naimi, Najmeh Asgari Hafshejani, Henrique Bellinaso, Jean Michel Moura-Bueno, Nélida E. Q. Silvero

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Although many Soil Spectral Libraries (SSLs) have been created globally, these libraries still have not been operationalized for end-users. To address this limitation, this study created an online Brazilian Soil Spectral Service (BraSpecS). The system was based on the Brazilian Soil Spectral Library (BSSL) with samples collected in the Visible–Near–Short-wave infrared (vis–NIR–SWIR) and Midinfrared (MIR) ranges. The interactive platform allows users to find spectra, act as custodians of the data, and estimate several soil properties and classification. The system was tested by 500 Brazilian and 65 international users. Users accessed the platform (besbbr.com.br), uploaded their spectra, and received soil organic …

Unmanned Aerial System-Based Data Ferrying Over A Sensor Node Station Network In Maize, Jasreman Singh, Yufeng Ge, Derek M. Heeren, Elizabeth Walter-Shea, Christopher M. U. Neale, Suat Irmak, Mitchell S. Maguire

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).

High Throughput Analysis Of Leaf Chlorophyll Content In Sorghum Using Rgb, Hyperspectral, And Fluorescence Imaging And Sensor Fusion, Huichun Zhang, Yufeng Ge, Xinyan Xie, Abbas Atefi, Nuwan Wijewardane,, Suresh Thapa

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Background: Leaf chlorophyll content plays an important role in indicating plant stresses and nutrient status. Traditional approaches for the quantification of chlorophyll content mainly include acetone ethanol extraction, spectrophotometry and high-performance liquid chromatography. Such destructive methods based on laboratory procedures are time consuming, expensive, and not suitable for high-throughput analysis. High throughput imaging techniques are now widely used for non-destructive analysis of plant phenotypic traits. In this study three imaging modules (RGB, hyperspectral, and fluorescence imaging) were, separately and in combination, used to estimate chlorophyll content of sorghum plants in a greenhouse environment. Color features, spectral indices, and chlorophyll fluorescence …

Maize Response To Irrigation And Nitrogen Under Center Pivot, Subsurface Drip And Furrow Irrigation: Water Productivity, Basal Evapotranspiration And Yield Response Factors, Ali T. Mohammed, Suat Irmak

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Information and data about quantification and comparison of crop water productivity indices for various irrigation levels and methods and nitrogen (N) application timings “simultaneously” under the same conditions do not exist. Unprecedented and extensive field experiments were conducted for maize (Zea mays L.) in 2016 and 2017 under center pivot (CP), subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) and furrow irrigation (FI) methods with full irrigation treatment (FIT), 80% FIT, 60% FIT and rainfed treatment (RFT) with three N application timings. N treatments were: (i) traditional (TN), (ii) non-traditional-1 (NT-1) and (iii) non-traditional-2 (NT-2). Irrigation yield production functions (IYPF); evapotranspiration-yield production functions …

Sources Of Variability And Uncertainty In Food-Energy-Water Nexus Systems, Heydi Calderon-Ambelis, Deepak R. Keshwani

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

A nexus approach contributes to the strategic allocation of resources to secure food, energy, and water for the world population. Integrated models considering the complex interactions across food, energy, and water (FEW) enhance decision-making and strategic planning towards resilience. However, a significant number of the existing integrated models leave unaddressed the inherent variability and uncertainty present in the FEW sectors. Here, we review the importance of characterizing variability over spatial and temporal scales and the importance of decreasing the uncertainty present within a FEW nexus systems. The review also discusses existing modeling tools that address variability and uncertainty on single …

Modeling Water Quantity And Quality Nonlinearities For Watershed Adaptability To Hydroclimate Extremes In Agricultural Landscapes, Juan Carlos Jaimes-Correa, Francisco Muñoz-Arriola, Shannon Bartelt-Hunt

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Changing water supplies and demands, inherent to climate fluctuations and human activities, are pushing for a paradigm shift in water management worldwide. The occurrence of extreme hydrometeorological and climate events such as extended wet periods and droughts, compounded with contaminants, impair the access to water resources, demanding novel designs, construction, and management across multiple hydrologic scales and biogeochemical processes. A constraint to studying hydrologic and biogeochemical disturbances and improving best management practices for water quantity and quality at the watershed scale resides in the suitable monitoring, data availability, and the creation of frameworks. We hypothesize that streamflow and contaminants, simulated …

Comparison Effect On Biogas Production From Vegetable And Fruit Waste With Rumen Digesta Through Co-Digestion Process, Anika Tasnim, Muhammad Rashed Al Mamun, Md Anwar Hossen, Md Towfiqur Rahman, Md Janibul Alam Soeb

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Biogas is the best renewable energy as it can be produced from any biomass for example any plant or living organism. The purpose of this research was to produce biomethane from co-digestion of vegetable and fruit waste with rumen digesta through anaerobic digestion process. In this research, two trials of experiment were conducted. Each trial has three different sample with different mixing ratios. Raw materials used in the experiment was rumen digesta of goat and cow, potato, capsicum, cucumbers, onions, radish, cauliflower, carrot, leafy vegetables, apple, banana, and papaya. In each sample, 1200 gram of raw materials were used. Hydraulic …

Influences Of Artificial Light On Mating Of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia Illucens): A Review, Md Rabiul Awal, Md Masudur Rahman, Md Abdur Razzak Choudhury, Md Mehedi Hasan, Md Towfiqur Rahman, Md Fuad Mondal

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) is a potential insect species which can convert biodegradable materials and some indigestible organic waste into valuable biomass. Because of having good quality of fat and protein, its production and use in animal feed are being extended day by day. To fulfill the future demand re-searchers are trying to find out the successful mass rearing techniques of H. illucens in laboratory or indoor condition. However, the most critical part of H. illucens mass production is obtaining successful mating. This insect is very sensitive to light. It prefers direct sunlight for its …

Geospatial Distribution Of Age-Adjusted Incidence Of The Three Major Types Of Pediatric Cancers And Waterborne Agrichemicals In Nebraska, Balkissa S. Ouattara, Jagadeesh Puvvula, Azar Abadi, Siddhi Munde, Alan S. Kolok, Shannon Bartelt-Hunt, Jesse E. Bell, Christopher S. Wichman, Eleanor Rogan

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering: Faculty Publications

This study was conducted to examine, at the county level, the relationship between pediatric cancer incidence rate and atrazine and nitrate mean concentrations in surface and groundwater. A negative binomial regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between central nervous system (CNS) tumors, leukemia, lymphoma, and atrazine and nitrate mean concentrations in groundwater. The age-adjusted brain and other CNS cancer incidence was higher than the national average in 63% of the Nebraska counties. After controlling for the counties socio-economic status and nitrate concentrations in groundwater, counties with groundwater atrazine concentrations above 0.0002 μg/L had a higher incidence rate for …

Probability-Based Crack Width Estimation Model For Flexural Members Of Underground Rc Box Culverts, Sang-Hyo Kim, Syed Haider Ali Shah, Sang-Kyun Woo, Inyeop Chu, Chungwook Sim

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering: Faculty Publications

Crack control for slabs and beams in current design practices in Korea are based on the Frosch’s model, which is adapted in ACI 318. It is more difficult to have consistent quality control in underground construction sites, such as the RC box culverts used for electric power distribution built below the ground level. There are more discrepancies between the as-built dimensions and the design dimensions provided in drawings in these structures. Due to this variability in construction error, the crack widths measured in such structures have higher potential to have more differences than the calculated values. Although crack control is …

Causes Influencing Construction Waste Generation During The Design Process: An Analytical Study, Aya Saad, Ayman Ahmed Ezzat Othman

Architectural Engineering

Despite the social and economic contributions of the construction industry towards achieving sustainable development objectives, it has an adverse effect on the environment such as the generation of waste, water, and energy consumption. Construction waste (CW) is the loss of materials that are produced during or after the construction process and has no remaining value. Several countries promote waste elimination plans at early stages to reduce CW at its source. The Egyptian government is expanding its investments in new mega projects and infrastructure facilities like new administrative capital, bridges, roads, energy projects which resulted in increasing the rate and amount …

Achieving Sustainability Through Reducing Risks During Architecture Design Process: A Lean Management Perspective, Sherouk Abdelrehim, Ayman Ahmed Ezzat Othman

Architectural Engineering

The construction industry, as one of the largest industries in the world, plays a critical role in achieving national and international social and economic sustainable development goals. Socially, it is concerned with delivering long-term projects that turn client and end-user requirements into designs that specify technical aspects, functional specific requirements, and standards of quality. Economically, the construction industry contributes to a country's gross domestic product (GDP) by creating jobs and providing the country's infrastructure. the construction industry's nature is more vulnerable than other industries. This is believed to be due to the complex and dynamic nature of construction projects, as …

Overcoming The Limitations Of The Green Pyramid Rating System In The Egyptian Construction Industry: A Critical Analysis, Ahmed Osama Daoud, Ayman Ahmed Ezzat Othman, Obas John Ebohon, Ali Bayyati

Architectural Engineering

Despite the tangible contributions of the construction industry to social development and economic growth, it is known for its natural resources overconsumption and solid waste (SW) generation both of which have major negative impacts on the natural environment. In the particular case of materials waste, the construction industry worldwide accounts for about 50% of global annual generated SW. In addition, construction materials may contribute up to 50% of the total project cost. Accordingly, the negative implications of the construction industry have compelled many nations to develop green building rating systems in order to preserve the environment, promote the economic efficiency …

Causes And Impacts Of Site Accidents In The Egyptian Construction Industry, Mostafa Adel, Omar Elnawawy, Ayman Ahmed Ezzat Othman, Mohamed Badawy

Architectural Engineering

This paper aims to investigate the causes and impacts of site accidents in the Egyptian construction industry. To achieve this aim, a research methodology consisted of literature review and survey questionnaire was developed to accomplish three objectives. First, literature review was used to investigate the nature of the construction industry, identify and classify the causes of site accidents as well as their social and economic impacts on organizations and affected families. Second, a survey questionnaire was conducted with a representative sample of large and medium sized construction firms in Egypt to examine their perception of the causes of site accidents. …

Inspiring Young Students To Pursue Engineering, Tami M. Brown-Brandl, Brian Steward

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Imagine elementary school students understanding inputs and outputs, choosing appropriate sensors, and programming an autonomous robot. Imagine middle school students learning about PID control and creating advanced programs for sensor-based decision making. Imagine high school students using CAD to design drive trains, manufacturing parts with CNC machine tools, using finite element analysis to adjust the design, ordering custom components from a machine shop, using image processing for target recognition, and applying path planning and motion control. We have witnessed all of these skills. They happened outside of traditional classrooms, and they were all student-driven.

Yes, it’s true, and it’s amazing. …

การพัฒนาระบบการวางแผนและติดตามผนังคอนกรีตมวลเบาด้วยแนวคิดโมเดลข้อมูลสารสนเทศอาคาร, กมลทิพย์ พรชัยธเนศกุล

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

แผ่นผนังคอนกรีตมวลเบาถูกนำมาสร้างเพื่อใช้สำหรับการแบ่งพื้นที่ภายในอาคาร ซึ่งมีความรวดเร็วกว่าการก่อฉาบผนังอิฐแบบทั่วไป การวางแผนแผ่นผนังมักจะใช้การถอดปริมาณจากพื้นที่ผนังอาคารที่ต้องการติดตั้งเทียบกับพื้นที่ของแผ่นผนัง โดยความแม่นยำของการคำนวณจำนวนแผ่นผนังขึ้นอยู่กับความชำนาญของผู้วางแผนที่ส่งผลให้ปริมาณแผ่นผนังแตกต่างจากการใช้งานจริง และการติดตามสถานะแผ่นผนังในปัจจุบันเป็นเพียงการติดตามโดยประมาณเฉพาะพื้นที่ที่ดำเนินการแล้วเสร็จเทียบกับพื้นที่ทั้งหมดซึ่งระบุเป็นร้อยละ ดังนั้นการระบุสถานะและรายละเอียดแผ่นผนังในตำแหน่งต่างๆ ไม่สามารถทำได้อย่างตรงจุด บทความวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อนำเสนอระบบการวางแผนติดตั้งแผ่นผนังคอนกรีตมวลเบา เพื่อลดระยะเวลาในการวางแผนและเพิ่มความแม่นยำในการคำนวณจำนวนแผ่นผนัง รวมถึงพัฒนาเครื่องมือในการติดตามสถานะ เพื่อระบุตำแหน่งที่ติดตั้งและแก้ไขที่ชัดเจนของแผ่นผนัง โดยระบบที่พัฒนาประยุกต์ใช้แนวคิดโมเดลข้อมูลอาคารสารสนเทศสำหรับการเตรียมการติดตั้งแผ่นผนัง ซึ่งการพัฒนาระบบประกอบด้วยการกรองค่าโมเดลแผ่นผนังผ่าน Dynamo Code การวางแผ่นผนังในโมเดลอาคาร การแสดงผลข้อมูลผ่านโมเดลสามมิติ การเตรียมข้อมูลเพื่อสร้าง Tag ของแผ่นผนัง การกำหนดแผนระยะเวลาของการติดตั้งผ่าน Dynamo Player ซึ่งเป็นเครื่องมือสำหรับกรอกข้อมูล การติดตามสถานะผ่าน Google Form การสรุปข้อมูลติดตามผ่านโมเดลสามมิติและสเปรดชีต ผลการวิจัยจากกรณีศึกษาพบว่าระบบการวางแผนและติดตามแผ่นผนังสามารถวางแผนผนังตามช่วงผนังอาคารได้อย่างถูกต้องทั้งในกรณีของการวางแผ่นผนังขนาดเดียวกันและกรณีของการวางผสมผสานของแผ่นผนังที่มีขนาดแตกต่างกัน โดยการติดตามแผ่นผนังสามารถแสดงภาพให้เห็นได้ชัดเจนและรวดเร็วกว่าการวางแผนในรูปแบบเดิม รวมถึงสามารถระบุตำแหน่งและสถานะแผ่นผนังได้อย่างชัดเจนและถูกต้องตามตำแหน่งที่วางแผ่นผนัง

การศึกษาพฤติกรรมการรับแรงดัดของคานจากการใช้แบบด้วยการพิมพ์ 3 มิติ, ณัฏฐา เวสสะภักดี

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

ในปัจจุบันลักษณะการออกแบบทางด้านสถาปัตยกรรมมีความหลากหลายและซับซ้อนมากขึ้นทำให้งานก่อสร้างประสบปัญหาในการตั้งแบบหล่อชิ้นส่วนโครงสร้างต่าง ๆ เช่น คานโค้ง หรือคานรูปทรงอิสระ (Free-form beam) ซึ่งยากต่อการทำงาน แต่ด้วยเทคโนโลยีการพิมพ์ 3 มิติ ที่มีความสามารถในการพิมพ์รูปร่างหรือรูปทรงต่างๆของชิ้นงานได้อย่างอิสระโดยที่ไม่ต้องใช้ไม้แบบ จึงเป็นส่วนช่วยในการแก้ปัญหาข้างต้น ดังนั้นงานวิจัยนี้จึงมีจุดประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาพฤติกรรมการรับแรงดัดของคานคอนกรีตที่ใช้กรอบแบบจากการพิมพ์คอนกรีต 3 มิติ กรอบแบบดังกล่าวถูกพิมพ์ด้วยเทคโนโลยีการพิมพ์แบบระบบฉีดเส้นวัสดุ หรือ Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) ซึ่งเป็นการพิมพ์ขึ้นรูปคอนกรีตซ้อนกันไปจนได้เป็นกรอบแบบ ในการวิจัยนี้ได้สร้างกรอบแบบที่มีความหนาของแต่ละชั้นการพิมพ์แตกต่าง 3 แบบ ได้แก่ ชั้นการพิมพ์ความหนา 15.0 มม. (BH1.50) 17.5 มม. (BH1.75) และ 20.0 มม. (BH2.00) แล้วจึงหล่อคานคอนกรีตภายในกรอบแบบนั้น จากนั้นคานตัวอย่างจะถูกพิจารณาคุณสมบัติด้านการรับกำลังแบบคานช่วงเดียว (Simple beam) และสังเกตลักษณะการวิบัติของคานที่เกิดขึ้น ผลการทดสอบจะถูกนำมาวิเคราะห์และเปรียบเทียบผลเพื่อหาความแตกต่างจากคานคอนกรีตเสริมเหล็กที่ใช้ไม้แบบตามปกติ (NB)

Surrogate-Assisted Machine Learning Method For Reliability-Based Continuum Topology Optimization, Thu Van Huynh

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This thesis proposes an efficient reliability-based topology optimization (RBTO) method that advantageously decouples cross-entropy (CE) method with Gaussian process regression (GPR) model, termed as CE-GPR. The method iteratively performs the bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization (BESO) with deterministic parameters based on the most probable point (MPP) underpinning limit-state functions iteratively updated by the active learning reliability evaluation process. The GPR model approximates the spectrum of LSFs under random parameters, and hence enables a low-cost CE method for failure probability approximation. The expected feasibility function (EFF) is maximized using the CLPSO to systematically refine the GPR model by adding new (intelligent) learning …

การบำบัดน้ำเสียแอมโมเนียมความเข้มข้นสูงโดยเม็ดตะกอนจุลินทรีย์แบบใช้อากาศ, สิริณิศา สุขวิบูลย์

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

งานวิจัยนี้ศึกษาการสร้างเม็ดตะกอนจุลินทรีย์แบบใช้อากาศและอัตราการบำบัดของน้ำเสียที่มีแอมโมเนียมสูง ผลการทดลองพบว่าเกิดเม็ดตะกอนจุลินทรีย์แบบใช้อากาศในน้ำเสียแอมโมเนียมสูง (200 mg-N/l) มีลักษณะใกล้เคียงกันกับน้ำเสียแอมโมเนียมต่ำ (50 mg-N/l) ระบบมีค่าดัชนีปริมาตรตะกอนเฉลี่ย (SVI) ในถังปฏิกรณ์ที่ 1 และ 2 เท่ากับ 23.07±3.1 และ 20.46±2.7 มิลลิลิตรต่อกรัมตามลำดับ ค่าปริมาณของแข็งแขวนลอย (MLSS) ในถังปฏิกรณ์ที่ 1 และ 2 เท่ากับ 10,784±608 และ 11,067±678 มิลลิกรัมต่อลิตรตามลำดับ ความเข้มข้นตะกอนก้นถังในถังปฏิกรณ์ที่ 1 และ 2 เท่ากับ 33,732±2468 และ 34,696±1741 มิลลิกรัมต่อลิตรตามลำดับ พบขนาดเม็ดตะกอนในถังฏิกรณ์ที่ 1 และ 2 เท่ากับ 3.4±0.9 และ 4.5±1.0 มิลลิเมตร ความหนาแน่นของตะกอนจุลินทรีย์เท่ากับ 1.166±0.01 กรัมต่อมิลลิลิตร โครงสร้างตะกอนอัดแน่นและมีการกระจายตัวทั่วถังปฏิกรณ์ทั้งสองถังเมื่อเดินระบบเป็นระยะเวลา 85 วัน เม็ดตะกอนจุลินทรีย์แบบใช้อากาศที่เกิดขึ้นสามารถบำบัดน้ำเสียแอมโมเนียมความเข้มข้น 200 mg-N/l ภายใน 2 วัน อัตราการบำบัดเป็นไปตาม Monod’s kinetic โดยมีค่าอัตราการบำบัดแอมโมเนียมสูงสุด (Km) เท่ากับ 33.9±3.3 มิลลิกรัมไนโตรเจนต่อลิตรต่อชั่วโมงและความเข้มข้นแอมโมเนียมที่อัตราการย่อยสลายครึ่งหนึ่งของอัตราการย่อยสลายสูงสุด (Ks) เท่ากับ 67.9±15.9 มิลลิกรัมต่อลิตร

Towards An Artificial Intelligence Based Decision Support System To Evaluate Various Transit Projects, Patricio F. Vicuna

Dissertations and Theses

This dissertation addressed a subset of the Transit Network Design Problem (Transit-NDP), where the main evaluation parameter is the impact of various transit projects – Bus Lines, Tram, Light Rail, Rail – on the Network Travel Time (NTT) of the vehicles. The NTT is estimated using the static four-step travel demand model (trip generation, trip distribution, modal split, and traffic assignment). A set of five metaheuristic models were developed and implemented for this specific Transit-NDP, namely, Simulated Annealing (SA)-VISUM, Simulated Annealing-Random Forest Regression Model (SA-RF), Tabu Search (TS)-Random Forest (TS-RF), SA-RF-TS-VISUM, SA-RF-VISUM. These models were evaluated using two test networks …

Evaluation Of Snow And Streamflow In The National Water Model With Analysis Using Machine Learning, Engela Sthapit

Dissertations and Theses

Snow has great influence on land-atmosphere interactions and snowmelt from the mountains is a vital water source for downstream communities dependent on snow fed lakes, rivers and streams. This study explored the snow and streamflow prediction capabilities of process-based numerical prediction and data-driven machine learning models.

The overall goal of this study was to understand the deficiencies in the NOAA’s National Water Model (NWM) to represent snow, subsequently streamflow, and recognize the areas where it could be improved for future model developments. The goal was also to evaluate if the recent advancements in machine learning techniques is useful for predicting …