Civil and Environmental Engineering Commons^™

Experimental Study On The Behavior Of High-Strength Reinforced Concrete Beams With A Longitudinal Void, With And Without Micro Steel Fibers, At Different Shear Spans, Farah M. Hussein, Saif Altai, Shatha Alasadi, Ayoob A. Ibrahim, Arshad Nadhom Shubber

Journal of Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies

This study examines the impact of creating a longitudinal void in high-strength reinforced concrete (RC) beams to decrease concrete volume. Testing involved three groups: solid beams (SB), beams with a 75 mm void (VB), and beams with a void incorporating 1.2% micro-steel fibers (VBSF), across various shear spans (a/d) of 1.8, 2.7, and 3.6. Results indicated that increased a/d led to a 54.2% reduction in peak loads and a 119.2% increase in deflection for solid beams. The void negatively affected load-bearing at a/d = 1.8 with a 25% peak load reduction and brittle failure. At a/d = 2.7, effects were …

Harnessing Nigeria’S Aquaculture And Fisheries Component Of The Blue Economy, B. S. Awe, O. Adeoti

Blue Economy

Nigeria aims to diversify from carbon to blue economy. Target 7 of Goal 14 of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the creation of the Federal Ministry of Marine and Blue Economy, and the passage of the National Policy on Marine and Blue Economy (2025 -2034) in May 2025 are the three frameworks driving this ambition. However, water pollution and changes in climate are central to harnessing the aquaculture and fisheries component of the blue economy. With increasing waste disposal in waterways and waterbodies and decreasing river water flow due to changes in climate, these have implications for …

Recent Advances In Bioethanol Production From Water Hyacinth: A Critical Review, Umuamina A. Matola, Mahir Mohammed Said, Olga-Ioanna Kalantzi, Abraham K. Temu

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Water hyacinth (WH) is a highly invasive tropical aquatic weed with high holocellulose and low lignin content, making it a promising lignocellulosic feedstock for second-generation bioethanol production. Producing bioethanol from WH offers a sustainable approach to simultaneously managing invasive biomass and producing renewable energy. This review critically evaluates recent advancements in bioethanol production from WH by examining pretreatment, hydrolysis, and fermentation technologies reported between 2014 and 2024. A PRISMA-guided literature search was conducted using the Scopus and Web of Science databases, and fifty-nine original research articles were selected for analysis. The reviewed studies were comparatively assessed based on pretreatment strategies, …

Effect Of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash Incorporated With Limestone Calcined Clay Cement On Geotechnical Properties Of Swelling Soils Relevant To Road Applications, Horris K. Nangulama, Siya P. Rimoy, John E. Elvis

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

This study aims to investigate the use and effect of sugarcane bagasse ash (BA) incorporated with limestone calcined clay cement (LC³) as a sustainable and cost-effective alternative for stabilizing swelling soils. Therefore, BA incorporating LC³ was added to black cotton soil (BCS), known for its high swelling potential. Series of laboratory tests including free swell index (FSI), compaction, California bearing ratio (CBR), and shear strength were conducted to evaluate the performance of BA incorporating LC³ binder-stabilized BCS. Additionally, microstructural analyses using pore size distribution (PSD), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed to …

Parametric Study On The Plastic Hinge Length Of Precast Concrete Columns With Grouted Sleeve Connections, Rizky Tri Amalia, Harun Alrasyid

Journal of Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies

The use of precast concrete structures with grouted sleeve (GS) connections has gained significant traction in the acceleration of bridge construction. The plastic hinge length (Lp) is a critical parameter for assessing the seismic performance and deformation capacity of such structural members. The previous study has proposed empirical equations for Lp in monolithic columns; however, a comprehensive understanding of the influential parameters on Lp in precast concrete columns with GS connections remains limited. This study presents a detailed parametric investigation to evaluate the effects of key design parameters on the plastic hinge length of a precast concrete columns with GS …

Rejection Of Fe (Iron) And Kmno4 (Organic Substance) Parameters In Peat Water Using Organic Membranes, Muhamad Rafli Sakti Mulia Gonera, Siti Umi Kalsum, Sarah Fiebrina Heraningsih

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

Peat water is a surface water source widely used by people in swampy and lowland areas, but it has poor quality characteristics such as high organic matter content, low pH, and dissolved metal levels such as iron that exceed the threshold. These conditions can cause health problems and reduce the quality of clean water so that effective treatment technology is needed. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of ultrafiltration membranes made from chitosan from shrimp shell waste in rejecting iron (Fe) and organic substances in peat water, and to determine the effect of pressure on separation performance. This study …

Improving The Concrete Compressive And Flexural Strength With A Low Fraction Addition Of Carboxylated Nitro-Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibrils From Banana Rachis, Ngesa Ezekiel Mushi, Emmanuel Kagya

Tanzania Journal of Science

Conventionally, concrete strength depends on the bonding interface, especially in hydrated products such as calcium silicate hydrate (CSH). As a result, concrete is sensitive to tensile load. With its unique properties, a low fraction of carboxylated nitro-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (NOCNF) from the banana rachis is employed to improve the mechanical performance of the concrete nanostructurally. Compressive and flexural strength using the NOCNF content at 0, 0.05, and 0.1 wt.%, cured for 7 and 28 days, were evaluated. Notably, the compressive strength increased by 16 % and the flexural strength by 13 % at 0.1 wt.% NOCNF compared to plain concrete …

Research Status And Prospects Of Monitoring Technology For Large-Span Cable-Stayed Bridges Based On Machine Learning, Liu Guoliang, Liu Guokun, Yan Donghuang, Wang Wenxi, Wang Qishun

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

Machine learning and intelligent optimization algorithms have been increasingly applied to construction and health monitoring of long-span cable-stayed bridges. Based on the construction history of cable-stayed bridges both domestically and internationally, an overview of the origin and development process of cable-stayed bridges was provided. Firstly, from the perspective of the entire life cycle of bridges, bridge monitoring was divided into construction period monitoring and operation period monitoring. The applications of mainstream construction monitoring methods in large cable-stayed bridge projects were elaborated, and the specific composition of bridge health monitoring systems was clarified. Secondly, the basic principles of several machine learning …

Future Meteorological Droughts In The Southeastern Us, Kunal Bhardwaj, C. Prakash Khedun, Abdul A. Khan

Journal of South Carolina Water Resources

The Southeastern U.S., despite its humid climate, experiences recurrent meteorological droughts which impact agricultural, water resources, ecological systems, and the economy and society. Knowledge of future drought conditions can guide adaptation efforts. Here, we evaluate historical and projected droughts using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) computed from an ensemble of eight bias-corrected Global Climate Models (GCMs) from the Climate Model Intercomparison Phase-6 (CMIP6). The historical performance (1950–2014) of the GCM’s mean was benchmarked against gridded observations from the Climate Research Unit (CRU). Future changes were assessed under 1.5°C, 2.0°C, and 3.0°C global warming levels.We …

Building Services Engineering July/August 2026

Building Services Engineering

This issue of Building Services Engineering features heat pumps, propane usage, solar power, and ventilation for indoor air quality. Features include district heating, HVACR optimisation, lift retrofitting, EU water policy, and an interview with WiBSE Ireland Chair Heather Holt.

Nutrient Enrichment Of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Digestate (Pomed) With Fish Amino Acid And Boiler Ash For Biofertilizer Production, Aryati Putri Maharani, Ziyaulhaq Umar, Shahrul Ismail, Zulkarnaini Zulkarnaini

Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development

Palm oil mill effluent digestate (POMED) has potential as a biofertilizer. However, its application is limited by unbalanced macronutrient composition, particularly low nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). This study investigated a laboratory-scale nutrient enrichment strategy for POMED using fish amino acid (FAA) as an organic nitrogen source and boiler ash (BA) as a potassium source. Nitrogen content was determined using a CHNS– O analyzer, while phosphorus and potassium were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma (ICP). Fertilizer quality was evaluated based on the standards and industrial research institute of Malaysia (SIRIM) and Indonesian national standard (SNI 2803:2010). FAA and …

Straw As A Potential Vegetable Fibre Insulative Infill In Framed Constructions - Material Testing\Tnotereftnote1, Patrick Daly

Journal of Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies

The construction sector faces increasing pressure to reduce embodied carbon and adopt circular material strategies, with bio-based materials offering a promising pathway. Straw-based insulation, particularly in loose-fill form, has gained traction in Europe, where several products have achieved certification under EAD 040138-01-1201. This study investigates the potential of Irish-processed straw chip as a bio-based insulative infill for framed construction by evaluating its material properties and thermal conductivity–density performance relative to European ETA-certified reference products. A programme of laboratory testing was undertaken on commercially available Irish straw samples, including material characterisation (moisture content, particle morphology, and dust content) and thermal conductivity …

Development And Characterization Of Mycelium-Based Biocomposites From Ganoderma Lucidum Using Spent Yerba Mate And Residual Sunflower Oil For Sustainable Insulation In Construction, Paula V. Alfieri, Guadalupe Canosa

Journal of Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies

The construction industry urgently requires sustainable alternatives to petroleum-based insulation materials such as expanded polystyrene (EPS) and mineral wool. Mycelium-based biocomposites offer a promising solution by valorizing agricultural waste while delivering competitive thermal and acoustic performance. In this study, developed and characterized biocomposites using Ganoderma lucidum mycelium combined with spent yerba mate and residual sunflower oil (70 g/30 mL), both commonly generated as waste in Argentine institutions. Two formulations were evaluated: high density (HD: 280 ± 5 kg/m³) and low density (LD: 185 ± 5 kg/m³). Samples were cultivated for 90 days at 28 °C and 65% relative humidity and …

Comparative Life Cycle Assessment Of Hemp Walls In Residential Construction In Morocco, Hicham Kaddouri, Rachida Elbarghmi, Firyal Latrache, Marwane Hammouti, Abderrahim Abidouche, Ismael Driouch

Journal of Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies

This study analyzes the energy and environmental performance of hemp-based wall solutions applied to Moroccan residential buildings by combining dynamic thermal simulation and life cycle assessment (LCA). A reference building is assessed under four representative Moroccan climates (Al Hoceima, Oujda, Marrakech, and Ouarzazate), comparing a conventional wall retrofitted with hemp plaster and a wall incorporating hemp concrete. The results show that hemp concrete significantly reduces annual heating and cooling energy demands by 20–24% depending on the climate, with heating needs decreasing by up to 40% and cooling needs by approximately 15%, particularly in hot and arid regions. The LCA reveals …

Dual-Waste Integration For Geotechnical Improvement: Silica Fume And Eggshell Ash In Kaolin Soil Stabilization, Ng Jun Shen, Muzamir Hasan, Siti Sarah Eliyun, Md. Ikramul Hoque, Mohamad Afiq Jazrin Mohamad Sidek

Journal of Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies

This study reveals the potential substitution of silica fume and eggshell ash in the technique of soil stabilization, varying across distinct proportions in the modification of geotechnical parameters. The untreated kaolinitic soil which has low soil bearing capacity in nature is frequently reflected in its mechanical instability, for instance, soil settlement and extreme compressibility. By associating the industrial and agricultural material, it is potentially to resolve the above-mentioned issues with explicit designs. A number of laboratory approaches have been implemented in the assessment of basic geotechnical properties, including grain size distribution, Atterberg limits, specific gravity, proctor properties, and shear strength …

Performance Evaluation And Sustainable Benefits Of Using Metakaolin And Recycled Steel Fibers In Concrete, Lova Raju Surla, Ramprasad Naik Desavathu, Raja Murugadoss Jeyaraju

Journal of Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies

The rapid accumulation of waste vehicle tires and the increasing demand for cement pose significant environmental challenges through land pollution and CO2 emissions. The combined use of recycled steel fibers (RSFs) recovered from waste tires and supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) offers a sustainable solution to these issues. This study investigates concrete incorporating 20% fly ash (FA), varying metakaolin (MK) contents (4–16%), and RSF dosages of 0.5–1.5%. Mechanical properties (compressive, split tensile, and flexural strengths) and durability characteristics (sorptivity, water absorption, chloride permeability, and homogeneity) were evaluated at 7, 28, and 90 days. Results showed that the mixture containing 20% FA …

Climate-Responsive Design For Sustainable Construction: Passive Strategies In Domestic Architecture Supporting Sustainability, Nahed Chakouf

Journal of Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies

This study explores climate-responsive design in domestic architecture, focusing on the application and effectiveness of passive strategies across various climatic regions, including the UK, hot-arid, tropical, and cold climates. A qualitative comparative case study method was used to explore different passive design strategies, integration of sustainability, procurement, the coordination of stakeholders, and compliance with regulations in residential architectural projects under varying climate conditions. Drawing from a combination of historical case studies and original architectural projects, the research evaluates how spatial configuration, material selection, solar orientation, shading, ventilation, and insulation are optimized to achieve thermal comfort and energy efficiency. In temperate …

Investigation Of Energy Efficiency Of An Autonomous Mobile Photovoltaic-Thermal (Pv/T) System With A Polycarbonate Absorber, Sanjar Kodir Ugli Shoguchkarov, Anvar Rakhmat Ugli Rakhmatov, Rushana Husen Kizi Abdullaeva, Orazbek Maratbay Ugli Temirbaev

Technical science and innovation

This study analyzes the enhancement of energy efficiency in photovoltaic-thermal (PV/T) systems, which enable the simultaneous generation of electrical and thermal energy from solar radiation. The research focus is an autonomous mobile unit based on multi-channel polycarbonate heat collectors with a hydraulic diameter of 8 mm, characterized by their lightweight nature and superior corrosion resistance compared to conventional metal absorbers. Experimental investigations were conducted at the solar testing field of the Physical-Technical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan under extreme continental climatic conditions to determine the system's stable thermophysical indicators. The results demonstrated that active water cooling using …

Use Of New Improved Methods For Assessing The Engineering-Geological Characteristics Of Deposits By Depth (Using The Example Of The Akba Deposit)., Elboy Shavkatovich Qurbonov Salom, Abduboqib Djalilovich Karimov, Yokub Yarash Ugli Isomiddinov

Technical science and innovation

The article examines the fracturing and filtration properties of rocks in boreholes, rock outcrops, and underground mine workings at the Akba gold deposit. Based on the results of hydrogeological and engineering-geological studies, methods that fully meet modern requirements were used, the values of the RMR rating of rocks and the indicators of the qualitative content of RQD rocks, as well as the intervals of their changes, were studied, as a result of which it became possible to quickly and accurately assess the strength state of the rock mass of the deposit territory by depth and area.

Modeling Of Terpolymerization Kinetics And Determination Of Reactivity Ratios In The Tdma–Styrene–Maleic Anhydride System, Shohrux Boboxon Ugli Mavlonov, Sadriddin Fayzullayevich Fozilov

Technical science and innovation

In this study, the kinetics of terpolymerization, compositional evolution, and monomer reactivity ratios in the TDMA–styrene–maleic anhydride system were comprehensively investigated. Increasing the initiator concentration from 16.8×10⁻⁶ to 51.3×10⁻⁶ mol•L⁻¹ led to an increase in conversion from 6.4% to 15.2% and reaction rate from 4.075×10⁻⁶ to 8.965×10⁻⁶ mol•L⁻¹•s⁻¹. At low conversion (Xw≈0.02–0.09), the terpolymer composition remained close to the initial feed, although deviations due to differences in monomer reactivity were observed. With increasing conversion, some systems exhibited stable composition (±0.02), while others showed compositional drift (increase of MA fraction from 0.50 to 0.70). The determined reactivity ratios (rTDMA/St≈0.99; rSt/TDMA≈1.62; rTDMA/MA≈2.02; …

Development Of An Optimal Composition Of A Composite Solvent For Asphalt–Resin–Paraffin Deposits, Gulmira Abduvaliyevna Tadjiyeva, Xasan Irgashevich Kadirov, Shaxnoza Abduvaliyevna Tadjiyeva, Fazliddin Zokir Ugli Murodullayev, Bekmurodjon Baxtiyorjon Ugli Raximjonov

Technical science and innovation

A solvent formulation composed of aromatic hydrocarbons of the C9 fraction and aliphatic alcohols in a 1:1 ratio, supplemented with 1–3 wt.% of a nonionic surfactant, has been developed. The proposed composition demonstrates more than a twofold increase in dissolving and washing efficiency toward paraffin-type asphaltene–resin deposits. Furthermore, the solvent system exhibits pronounced depressant–dispersant properties with respect to paraffin-containing organic deposits. Although numerous investigations have addressed the development of technologies for removing organic deposits in oilfield equipment—primarily focusing on specific aspects of eliminating or preventing asphaltene–resin–paraffin deposits (ARPD) in wells—limited attention has been given to the design of integrated approaches. …

Technology For Obtaining Aliphatic Amines Based On Liquid By-Products Of Polymerization Processes, Kamila Sabirbaevna Allanazarova, Ulugbek Komiljonovich Urinov

Technical science and innovation

Polymerization processes generate considerable amounts of liquid secondary by-products, which are often underutilized despite their significant chemical potential. Addressing the need for sustainable resource use, this study aims to develop a technological method for converting these by-products into valuable aliphatic amines. The experimental approach involved the pre-treatment of liquid polymerization by-products through fractional distillation to isolate C3–C10 fractions, followed by catalytic amination using Raney nickel under controlled temperature (160°C) and pressure (12 atm) conditions. Analytical methods including gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed to characterize the reaction products. The results demonstrated the successful formation of …

Adaptive – Compositional Method For Coordinating Subsystems At Different Levels In Hierarchical Control Systems, Husan Zakirovich Igamberdiyev, Uktam Farxodovich Mamirov Mr, Inomjon Ilxom Ugli Abdukaxxarov Mr

Technical science and innovation

This paper examines the problem of synthesizing algorithms for the composition of subsystems at various levels within complex hierarchical control systems under conditions of uncertainty and resource constraints. It is demonstrated that classical composition algorithms, which rely on the intersection of admissible sets and the use of local optimality criteria, suffer from several significant drawbacks. These include a combinatorial increase in complexity, dependence on the expert selection of parameters, and limited applicability in dynamic environments. To overcome these shortcomings, an adaptive-compositional method is proposed. This method is based on the dynamic recalculation of coordination parameters, the integration of model predictive …

Calculation Of The Basic Parameters Of The Hybrid Power Plant (Hpu) On The Spark Car, Rustam Raximovich Tillahodjaev, Jamoliddin Pardaboy Ugli Turdiev

Technical science and innovation

This article presents one of the effective ways to improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions of toxic substances, the use of internal combustion engines with the use of an electric drive in their designs. In recent years, two directions in the development of cars with electromechanical drives have been clearly identified, the first is the creation of a pure electric car, the second is the development of an electromechanical drive with a combined (hybrid) power plant. Due to the lack of efficient energy storage available for mass production, pure electric vehicles have relatively low mileage on a single charge. This …

Experimental Study Of An Automotive Cooling System With A Mechatronic Control System, Avaz Israilovich Yangibayev

Technical science and innovation

This article presents the results of experimental investigations of a passenger car engine cooling system equipped with a mechatronic control system. The experiments were conducted on an intelligent hardware-software laboratory test bench developed using original components of a Chevrolet Gentra vehicle. The study determined the thermodynamic response characteristics and energy performance of the system under varying ambient temperatures (-10 to +50 °C) and engine thermal loads. The experimental results demonstrated that the mechatronic system can maintain coolant temperature with minimal fluctuation amplitude, ensure smooth transient processes, and significantly reduce electrical energy consumption. Based on the obtained results, scientific and practical …

Building Resilient And Sustainable Built Environments Through Climate Adaptation, Digital Innovation, And Infrastructure Governance, Mohammed Ali Berawi, Mustika Sari, Perdana Miraj

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

The built environment has become one of the most important arenas for responding to climate change, resource pressure, and rapid urban transformation. Cities, infrastructure networks, buildings, and construction projects are no longer expected only to provide physical services. They are also expected to reduce environmental impact, protect communities from disruption, support economic activity, and remain useful under uncertain future conditions. This expectation places resilience and sustainability at the center of infrastructure development.

Resilience refers to the capacity of built systems to anticipate shocks, absorb pressure, recover from damage, and continue functioning. Sustainability asks whether those systems can do so while …

Analysis Of The Suitability Of C-Band Radar-Based Rainfall Data With Rain Gauge Stations In The Upper Ciliwung Watershed, Indonesia, Daffa Aliyo Ghinannafsi, Evi Anggraheni, Muhammad Rizal, Peter Hartono Halim

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

Accurate rainfall estimation is essential for hydrological modelling and flood risk management, particularly in mountainous watersheds where rain gauge coverage is limited. This study evaluated the performance of a calibration correction method for C-Band radar rainfall estimates in the Upper Ciliwung Watershed using data from five rain gauge stations and 100 rainfall events. Data quality was verified through outlier and consistency tests before applying a daily calibration correction factor derived from gauge observations. Radar performance was evaluated using the Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE), Percent Bias (PBias), and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). Before correction, radar estimates substantially overestimated rainfall, with NSE …

Analysis Of Construction Safety Costs In Girder Erection Work On Toll Road Projects To Reduce Risks And Construction Accident Costs, Aditya Daniar Wicaksono, Rossy Armyn Machfudiyanto

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

The construction of toll roads, as part of Indonesia’s National Strategic Projects, plays a crucial role in enhancing mobility and economic competitiveness. Girder erection work constitutes one of the most critical phases in toll road bridge construction, characterized by high safety risks due to confined workspaces, technical complexity, and suboptimal risk management practices. This study aims to analyze construction safety costs in girder erection work to reduce risks and construction accident costs. The research process includes hazard identification, effective risk control analysis, risk impact valuation, and cost-benefit analysis of safety investments. The methods employed consist of secondary data analysis, risk …

Experimental Studies Of Compressive Strength Of Sustainable Concrete With Partial Cement Substitution Using Palm Oil Boiler Ash, Daral Suraedi, Jessica Sjah, Nuraziz Handika, Saffanah Fasya Aulia, Karmenita Olivia Edwardo

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

This study investigates the mechanical performance of sustainable concrete incorporating Palm Oil Boiler Ash (POBA) as a partial cement replacement. As the construction sector seeks to reduce CO₂ emissions and manage agro-industrial waste, POBA emerges as a promising supplementary cementitious material due to its pozzolanic potential and abundance in palm oil–producing regions such as Indonesia.Concrete specimens were prepared with POBA substitution levels ranging from approximately 10% to 30% by weight of cement, in combination with nanosilica and a polycarboxylate ether (PCE) superplasticizer to enhance performance. The mix design was developed in accordance with ACI 211 guidelines to maintain comparable workability …

Analysis Of Venture Capital Investment For Financing The Development Of The Palm Oil Industry In Indonesia For Private Companies, Salvatore Yitro, Mustika Sari, Gunawan Saroji

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

Indonesia is the world's largest crude palm oil (CPO) producer, accounting for 58.04% of global output from 2018 to 2022 and generating between USD 18.2 billion and USD 28.95 billion in annual foreign exchange earnings from 2016 to 2021. The downstream sector, however, remains largely controlled by foreign markets, and private companies face restricted access to conventional bank financing due to negative campaigns against Indonesian palm oil in European markets. No prior study has examined the financial feasibility of venture capital as a financing mechanism for integrated downstream palm oil development by private companies in Indonesia. This study analysed that …