Civil and Environmental Engineering Commons^™

Ground Movement Characteristics Above Mined Panels In Appalachia-An Empirical Approach, M. Karmis, T. Triplett, P. Schillizzi, G. Hasenfus

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The growing recognition of mining subsidence and its effects has provoked numerous investigations into the modeling and prediction of this phenomenon. Through an analysis of case histories and examination of the various modeling techniques, it has become apparent that empirical studies currently represent the most realistic approach to this problem. However, the collection, analysis and interpretation of subsidence and strain data acquired from case studies presents substantial difficulties, due to varying monitoring techniques and methods of analysis. In this paper it is suggested that a prescribed monitoring program could eliminate these problems and ensure quality data by standardizing the measurement …

Highway Interchange Constructed With Slurry Walls, E. Itzig Heine, Frank A. Mcdonough, Surinder Singh

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The use of slurry walls to support 40 feet high embankments and bridge structures at Techwood-Spring Connector, part of Williams Street Interchange in Atlanta, is described. Advantages of using slurry walls in lieu of conventional walls are discussed.

Improvement Of A Dumped Rockfill Foundation By Dynamic Consolidation, Adrian Wightman, Nelson F. Beaton

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The paper describes an Industrial Park development, on the British Columbia coast, where Dynamic Consolidation was chosen to densify a loose rockfill prior to construction of a modern high capacity sawmill on shallow foundations. The design and execution of the compaction are described. The in situ tests used to monitor the compaction are described and results presented. It is concluded that the desired result was achieved, and this is supported by a survey of foundation elevations taken four years after construction.

Instrumentation Of A Sewer Tunnel In Weak Singapore Soils, K. W. Lo, G. P. Karunaratne, S. L. Lee

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The effects of tunnelling in soft ground consisting mainly of Singapore marine clay were recently monitored to establish ground response characteristics. A sewer tunnel of 2.1 m square section was driven at a depth of 6.3 m in this soil by jacking conventional shield and face supports against installed timber lining. Ground response was monitored by an assortment of field instruments read over several weeks' duration. Peck's proposal (1969) of fitting a normal distribution profile to lateral surface settlement field plots when a heading is well past, and the suggestion by Oshikoshi et al 0978) that similar profiles may be …

Mechanism Of Dynamic Consolidation And Its Environmental Effect, Zhong-Qi Wang, Xiang-Iin Deng

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper is contributed as case histories in ground soil improvement with particular emphasis of dynamic consolidation. The authors try to present as much as they got from the field testings and observations including vibrational parameters, pore pressures, stereoscopic photogrammetry, etc. in order to trace the real behaviour of ground movement during tamping. It is believed that all the data got from the field work are rather informative and illustrative than that from theoretical modelling in the laboratory. Thus, some highlights relating effective thickness of compaction, maximum spacing between compaction points, number of blows for optimum tamping and seismic attenuation …

Performance Of Sand Drains In A Tidal Marsh, R. P. Long, W. H. Hover

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper presents the field behavior of a jetted sand drain installation at a preloaded wastewater treatment facility site in Gloucester, Massachusetts, U.S.A. The site is underlain by surficial estuary deposits above a stratum of stiff to soft clays. Detailed subsurface explorations and laboratory testing program provided data to predict amounts and rates of primary compression and rates of secondary compression in the referenced strata. The field behavior is compared to predictions through analyzed values of total settlement at the end of primary compression, coefficient of consolidation, and coefficient of secondary compression. A field instrumentation program allowed monitoring of settlements …

Preloading For Large Storage Building, A. C. Stamatopoulos, P. C. Kotzias

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The properties and method of preloading a 11 m erratic deposit of soft clays and loose sands, are described. Under the preload embankment of 12 m the deposit compressed an average of 7%. Settlement developed rapidly and excess porepressure dissipated within few days, never exceeding 2.1 m of water head. After preload removal borings were performed to compare results with those obtained on the untreated site. This comparison showed that the compressibility and strength of both the clayey and sandy components improved substantially and that the subsurface became more homogeneous. The projected structure built on the improved ground has performed …

Settlements Induced By Soft Ground Tunneling, Miguel P. Romo

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Ground settlements induced by air-pressure shield tunneling throughout the soft clays of Mexico City have been monitored in five test sections by means of settlement points installed at various depths and distances from the tunnel axis. Subsoil conditions and soil characteristics at each site were thoroughly studied in the field and in the laboratory. Measured settlement profiles have been compared to those computed by a simplified analytical procedure showing very good agreement.

Soil-Cement Backfill For Nuclear Power Plant Foundations, E. Saveri, G. P. Vaccaro, G. Varosio

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Soil-cement backfills have been analyzed, designed and tested for the Alto Lazio Nuclear Power Plant in Italy. Extensive analyses were performed to evaluate the stability of and stresses in soil-cement foundation backfills. Soil-structure interaction was also analyzed. The minimum required cement content for foundation and general backfills was established and verified by means of laboratory and field tests. Foundation backfills were designed for two major buildings of the plant.

Subsidence Affects Due To Gypsum Solution In Syracuse, New York, G. W. Lee, S. P. Clemence, S. K. Bhatia, S. Anagnost

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Two apartment buildings owned by Syracuse University in the Slocum Heights area underwent extensive differential settlement manifested by foundation cracks. Examination of rock exposures in the nearby area revealed the presence of gypsum beds. Onsite boring and investigation revealed that regrading and installation of french drains and storm sewers influenced the groundwater regime resulting in solutioning of the gypsum and subsequent collapse of underground cavities. Remedial measures included alteration of drainage system and underpinning of apartment structures.

The Brenda Mines' Cycloned- Sand Tailings Dam, Earle J. Klohn

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

For the benefit of those readers not fully conversant with mine tailings and the methods commonly used to store them, the paper presents a brief overview covering the composition of tailings and the procedures commonly used to design and construct the required tailings dams. The remainder of the paper presents a detailed description of the design, construction, and performance of the Brenda Cycloned-Sand Tailings Dam. This includes a summary and assessment of the large volume of data available from extensive field, laboratory, and office studies that have been ongoing since the start of construction in 1968. The most recent of …

Upgrading Existing Footings With Micro-Piles, Surinder Singh, E. Itzig Heine

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The use of pressure-injected micro-piles to upgrade the load carrying capacity of existing spread footings and to limit settlement is described. Theoretical pile load capacity and predicted settlement have been verified by a full-scale pile load test.

Conference Participants, Multiple Participants

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Concluding Session, Multiple Authors

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Inspection, Prevention, And Remedy Of Suspension Bridge Cable Corrosion Problems, Theodore Hopwood Ii, James H. Havens

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This report discusses methods for visually inspecting cable suspension bridges for corrosion damage. The report discusses how to plan and perform such work, including the locations on cables where corrosion damage is likely to be detected. The report also provides recommendations for assessing the condition of suspension bridge wire. Recommendations also are included for remedial cable repair work should corrosion damage be detected.

Introduction To Cable Suspension Bridges, Theodore Hopwood Ii, James H. Havens

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This report is an overview of suspension bridges. A historical perspective of bridge construction design and materials is included, focusing on bridges of interest to the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet. The report is intended to provide background information on suspension bridges to those not well acquainted with the structures.

Corrosion Of Cable Suspension Bridges, Theodore Hopwood Ii, James H. Havens

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This report discusses corrosion problems encountered on the cables of suspension bridges. A historical review is given of past cable suspension bridge corrosion and related laboratory work.

Findings of inspections of suspension bridges at Maysville, KY, Covington, KY, and Portsmouth, OH, are discussed. Recommendations are presented.

Pullout Resistance Of Welded Wire Mats Embedded In Soil, Mark R. Nielsen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Welded wire mesh has been used in the past as soil reinforcement in the construction of reinforced soil embankments. Involved in the design of these embankments is the external and internal stability. The internal stability has two failure mechanisms; tension failure and pullout failure of the welded wire mesh.

This paper presents the results of laboratory tests on different sizes of welded wire mats embedded in different types of soils. These tests were performed on mats that are much larger than in previous tests. These tests measured the pullout resistance as a function of the number of embedded wires, the …

Hiring Practices For Skilled Craftsmen In The Construction Industry, Jimmy A. Off

Graduate Research Papers

The building construction industry experiences wild fluctuations in demand. Additionally, the industry is characterized by a competitive bid structure. A high labor turnover rate is the natural consequence of these conditions. Compounding this problem is the building industry's highly labor intensive nature. Since contractors will perform the hiring process so frequently, their procedures must be able to identify the best qualified applicants.

The current economic recession has brought many construction firms to a point of near idleness. The unemployment rate among skilled craftsmen is high. This has created a buyer's market in which the contractors can choose the most qualified …

Circulatory Processes In The Columbia River Estuary, David A. Jay

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Covers tidal circulation, density distribution, vertical mixing, salt transport, and low-frequency flow processes, with contributions to estuarine circulation theory.

Hydropower Turbine System, David T. Kao

Civil Engineering Faculty Patents

There is disclosed a new cavitation free hydraulic turbine system which fully utilizes well-established hydrodynamic theories useful for low-head hydroelectric applications. The hydropower turbine system of the present invention makes use of a fixed blade propeller turbine with reverse blade angle and an upward flow passage. To eliminate the complex flow control adjustable vane system and elaborate tube design and construction of the prior art, the new turbine system is provided with a vertical needle valve and a near zero absolute velocity free exit flow design.

Performance And Economic Feasibility Of A Sludge/Wastepaper Gasifier System, N. W. Sorbo, George Tchobanoglous, John R. Goss, Samuel A. Vigil

Civil and Environmental Engineering

Thermal gasification of densified sludge/wastepaper fuels has been shown to be technically feasible for the co-disposal of sludge and source-separated wastepaper. The performance and economic feasibility of a downdraft packed-bed gasifier system fueled with densified sludge/wastepaper and wastepaper fuels has been evaluated.

To assess the performance of the gasifier, a series of gasifier runs were conducted at various air input rates with the use of various densified fuels. In eight of the runs, a densified fuel consisting of 20 percent lagoon-dried sludge and 80 percent recycled wastepaper was used; in five runs, densified wastepaper cubes were used. Gaseous and particulate …

An Evaluation Of Elastizell Concrete As A Lightweight Fill Material, David L. Allen, Bobby W. Meade

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Near Northern Kentucky University in Campbell County, Kentucky, access ramps connecting I 275 and 3-Mile Road (shown in Figure 1) were constructed. During construction of those ramps, additional embankments were to be placed on an existing 6-foot by 5-foot box culvert. Both ramps, hereafter referred to as NKU-1 (the exit ramp from I 275) and NKU-2 (the entrance ramp to I 275), cross the culvert. The new embankments would result in fill heights, over the culvert of 30 feet at Station 39+14 of NKU-1 (Figure 2) and 47 feet at Station 11+68 of NKU-2 (Figure 3). The original fill height …

Fundy Tidal Power Development : Preliminary Evaluation Of Its Environmental Consequences To The Resources Of The State Of Maine, Bigelow Laboratory For Ocean Sciences

Maine Collection

Fundy Tidal Power Development : Preliminary Evaluation of Its Environmental Consequences to the Resources of the State of Maine

A Report to the Maine State Planning Office by the Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, April, 1984.

"Technical Report No. 35 - Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, West Boothbay Harbor, Maine - A Division of Northeastern Research Foundation, Inc."

Contents: Executive Summary / Introduction / Methods / Physical and Biological Consequences / Socio-Economic Consequences / Research Needs / Bibliography / Appendix I. Written Comments on Greenberg Model

Vanpool Demonstration Project (University Of Kentucky), Jerry G. Pigman, Kenneth R. Agent

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

A vanpool demonstration project was operated at the University of Kentucky for the period May 2, 1983, through March 31, 1984. One van originated in Berea (roundtrip 90 miles) and another in Richmond (roundtrip 60 miles). Many problems associated with a vanpool operation were minimized because the riders were University employees and van ownership remained with the University.

It was found that personal contact with potential vanpool riders was much more effective then letters and questionnaires in the effort to generate initial ridership. Because vanpools had not previously been operated extensively in this area, it was difficult to convince potential …

Specially Constructed Bridges: Activities For Fiscal Year 1983, Theodore Hopwood Ii, James H. Havens, Gary W. Sharpe

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The field performance of bridge features including masonry coatings, galvanized steel, weathering steel, conventional deck reinforcing steel, and epoxy-coated reinforcing steel were examined either visually or nondestructively on various pre-selected bridges throughout Kentucky. Additionally, a nationwide survey of state highway authorities was conducted on the application and service performance of stay-in-place forms.

All of the bridge features inspected appeared to be performing satisfactorily, except for the masonry coating failure on the I-471 twin bridges over the Ohio River at Newport. Results of the stay-in-place form survey support their application as a cost-saving feature.

Variable Serviceability Concept For Pavement Design Confirmed By Aasho Road Test Fatigue Data, Herbert F. Southgate, Robert C. Deen

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Fatigue data from the AASHO Road Test were plotted for each level of serviceability. The Kentucky thickness design system uses the concept of a variable level of serviceability as a function of EALs. The Kentucky thickness design curve for the equivalent CBR was converted to an equivalent structural number and superimposed on each of the specific serviceability figures. The AASHTO Equation C–14 of the 1972 AASHTO Interim Guide was evaluated for each level of serviceability and superimposed on its respective figure. Equation C–14 fits reasonably well for serviceability levels of 2.0 and 2.5 but does not fit the remining serviceability …

Variations Of Fatigue Due To Unevenly Loaded Axles Within Tridem Groups, Herbert F. Southgate, Robert C. Deen

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The effect of unevenly distributed loads on the axles within a tridem has been shown to be very significant. Equations are presented that enable the equivalent load effect for equal load distribution to be adjusted for uneven loading. Considering the relative increase and the relatively small volume of trucks currently using tridems, the equation for all tridems without regard to locations on the vehicle is recommended at this time. Consideration should be given to using equations for individual load patterns as the volume of trucks using tridems increases and more weight data become available.

Structural Evaluation Of Asphaltic Pavements, Robert C. Deen, Herbert F. Southgate, Gary W. Sharpe

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

To evaluate projects involving approximately 200 route-miles of interstate and primary pavements in Kentucky and Tennessee in relatively short time frames, it was decided to test, analyze, and design overlays using test equipment (Road Rater) and procedures developed by the University of Kentucky Transportation Research Program. This paper presents the analysis methodology and the evaluation and overlay designs for selected projects, including the before-and-after analysis of milling on one project.

The Road Rater applies a dynamic sinusoidal loading of known force and frequency. The velocity of the vibration waves are measured by sensors and integrated electronically to obtain surface deflections. …

Evaluation Of Fhwa Technology Transfer Program At Herpicc, Purdue University, Robert K. Whitford

Indiana Local Technical Assistance Program (LTAP) Publications

An evaluation of the FHWA technology transfer program at HERPICC, Purdue University based on a questionnaire sent to operation and management personnel of the highway road system. Future courses of action are also suggested.