Civil and Environmental Engineering Commons^™

An Integrated, Interactive Analysis And Design Of High-Rise Buildings On Micro-Computers, Vijayakumar Balusu

Theses

The implementation of Computer-Aided-Software, coupled with matrix and finite element techniques permitted the analysis and design of structures to the desired degree of accuracy and modelling. The successfulness of micro-computers in a vastly business oriented market has prompted the structural engineer to take advantage of cheaper and efficient micro-computers in the analysis and design of structures particularly the high-rise buildings. The availability of a comprehensive, integrated software for the analysis and design of high-rise building frames that can be operated on a micro-computer is either not currently available in the market or the available software programs do not fulfill the …

The Kinetics And Hepatotoxicity Of Benzyl Chloride Vapor In Rats, Hari V. Rao

Theses

Male Sprague Dawley rats (250g) were exposed to benzyl chloride vapor at a concentration of 220 ppm for 6 hours. During inhalation, the blood benzyl chloride concentration increased to reach a steady state level of 9-10 ug/ml between 4 and 6 hours of exposure. A small concentration of benzyl chloride (0.86 ug/ml) was present in the blood four hours after the termination of exposure. The absorption half life was 0.53 hours (0.39-0.81) and the elimination half life was l.12 hour (0.93-l.40).

The absorbed benzyl chloride was largely retained in the blood and some of it (0.22 ug/g) was sequestered into …

Method And Apparatus For Generating Electrical Energy From A Heated Gas Containing Carbon Particles, Samuel A. Vigil, Rick B. Spielman

Civil and Environmental Engineering

Carbon particles entrained in the gas flow into a magnetohydrodynamic generator are electrostatically charged from a source of high voltage and then function as charge carriers in the MHD process. Lower flow temperatures may be used and seeding with alkali metal salts is unnecessary as the MHD process becomes independent of thermal ionization of constituents of the gas flow.

Effects Of Load Distributions And Axle And Tire Configurations On Pavement Fatigue, Herbert F. Southgate, Robert C. Deen

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Damage factor relationships for axle and tire configurations are presented. Adjustment factors are provided to account for variations in load distributions within axle groups, distances between axles of a tandem, and variations in tire pressure for both dual and flotation tire configurations.

Properly accounting for accumulated fatigue of a pavement requires an accurate Measure of traffic volume, proportions of vehicle styles (classifications) within the traffic stream, dates of service, estimate of the average damage factor for each classification, and estimate of the tire contact pressure. Weigh-in-motion equipment in its current form provides all of the above ingredients except for the …

Feasibility Of Computerization Of The Bid Item Section Of Bid Proposals, Jesse G. Mayes, Mark Isenhour

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The feasibility of computerizing the bid item listing in bid proposals has been studied. As a result, a system of computer programsfor the IBM PC microcomputer has been written and submitted to the Division of Contract Procurement, Kentucky Department of Highways, for implementation. This software is menu driven and provides the capability of building and maintaining a bid item code file and interactively building a bid sheet file for producing blank bid sheets as well as a bid estimate. Additionally, a restricted version of this program has been provided to allow the contractor to produce a computerized bid proposal.

Effectiveness Of Traffic Noise Barrier On I 471 In Campbell County, Kentucky, Tom Creasey, Kenneth R. Agent

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the traffic noise barrier on I 471 in Campbell County, Kentucky. Since the barrier coincided with construction of I 471, it was necessary to predict noise levels that would exist if no barrier were present utilizing the FHWA STAMINA 2.0 computer model. This was compared to actual noise level measurements at the barrier site to determine the barrier insertion loss.

After calibration of the STAMINA 2.0 model, noise measurements were conducted at 39 receiver locations during off-peak and peak traffic conditions. The noise barrier reduced the noise level reaching …

Summary Report Of Ranking Methodologies, Robert C. Deen

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Participants in the ranking methodologies workshops were a good representation of those various actors (types of agencies or organizations) in the pavement management process. There were nineteen participants, nine of whom were from the United States, six from Canada, and four from European countries. Of the nineteen, eight represented state or provincial governmental units, three represented municipalities, four were employees of national highway agencies, and another four were either consultants or representatives of universities. Unfortunately, however, all participants represented the technical levels involved in pavement ranking. No one was present to provide the viewpoint of the ultimate decision makers -- …

Uplift Capacity Of Rigid Pile In Clay Under Inclined Load, Godwin Ikechukwu Ubanyionwu

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

This thesis investigates the uplift capacity of rigid vertical piles embedded in saturated or near-saturated clayey soils subjected to inclined uplifting loads. Pile foundations are widely used in civil engineering applications requiring resistance to both axial and lateral forces, including transmission tower foundations, foundations on expansive soils, and mat foundations in areas subject to rising groundwater tables. While considerable research had addressed compressive load bearing capacity and lateral resistance of piles, experimental data on pile behavior under inclined uplift loading remained scarce at the time of this study. The present study was undertaken to conduct a systematic series of laboratory …

Calibration Of A Temperature-Radiation Evapotranspiration Equation For Utah, Payam Foroughi

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Two reference crop evapotranspiration (ETr) equations were calibrated to the reference crop of alfalfa using 45 meteorological datafiles from 13 scattered sites in Utah and four sites in the neigboring states of Idaho and Wyoming.

The calibrations were done against the Kimberly version of the Penman ETr formula. The first equation required measured inputs of mean air temperature and solar radiation. It was referred to as the Temperature- Radiation ETr equation (ETr= CT x T x Rs). The second equation required measured inputs of mean minimum and mean maximum air temperatures. It was referred to as the New Hargreaves equation …

Effect Of Rules And Laws On The Sustained Availability Of Groundwater, Richard C. Peralta, Paul Killian, Keyvan Asghari

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Design And Field Layout Of Irrigation Flow Measuring Devices In The River-Lab At Utah State University, Abelardo M. Arriaran

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

The purpose of this report was to develop a design and field layout of irrigation flow measuring devices in a design channel in teh River-Laboratory at Utah State University. This study was conducted considering a maximum discharge of 3.5 cfs and the profile of the channel in the selected area. Four kinds of flow measuring devices to be installed in series one after another were considered: a Parshall flume, a broad-creasted weir, a cutthroat flume, and the rectangular sharp-crested weir. The locations given are based on the hydraulic conditions for each device, the available head, the head loss that each …

Irish H & V News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Analysis Of Movements And Forces On Bridge Approaches: A Case Study (Bridge Over Chesapeake Ave. On Interstate 471 In Campbell County, Kentucky), David L. Allen, Bobby W. Meade, Tommy C. Hopkins

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

A case study is presented of a bridge on Interstate 471 in Campbell County, Kentucky. The south approach to the bridge is a side-hill fill. During construction, the south intermediate piers tilted as a result of movement in the south approach foundation. Construction was temporarily halted on the south approach embankment, allowing pore pressures in the foundation to dissipate and slowing the movement. The piers were than reconstructed.

The south approach end bents were instrumented with earth pressure meters. The piles were instrumented with slope inclinometers. Most recent data show that movement is continuing and the present factor of safety …

Long-Term Movements Of Highway Bridge Approach Embankments And Pavements, Tommy C. Hopkins

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Long-term movements of highway bridge approach embankments and pavements are described and factors that may lead to settlement of highway bridge approach pavements are discussed. Six case histories are presented. The bridge approach sites were observed at different times during the period 1966 to 1985. At four sites, lateral movements, measured from slope inclinometers, of the approach embankments were monitored over time periods ranging from 8 to 14 years. Settlements of the highway bridge approaches were monitored some three to four years after paving. Estimated and observed settlements of the foundations at the study sites were obtained for a length …

Selecting Non-Point Source Pollution Treatment Practices Using Linear Optimization, John Gardy Garland Iii

Civil & Environmental Engineering Theses & Dissertations

This paper provides a case study application of a linear optimization program as a water quality management tool. The optimization program seeks to minimize the cost of nonpoint source pollution control by selecting the best combination of pollution control management practices for Hampton, Virginia. The management practice options are grass swale roadways, porous pavers, ponds, detention basins and fertilizer management education. Management practice selection is limited by constraints on land-use and water quality. Pollutants evaluated are total nitrogen, total phosphorus, suspended solids, fecal coliforms and biochemical oxygen demand (five-day). The value in the water quality constraints for pollution loading on …

Potential Conjunctive Water Resources Use Plan For The Grand Prairie Region Of Eastern Arkansas, Ahmad Y. Ranjha, Richard C. Peralta, Amin Yazdanian

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

The main objective of this study is to develop two conjunctive water use strategies that can satisfy maximum potential irrigation water demand in the Grand Prairie region of Arkansas. for climatically average growing seasons. To accomplish this. the potential irrigation demand in each 3 mile x 3 mile cell of the study area is first determined on a monthly and seasonal basis for average climatic conditions. The potential demand is also calculated for dry climatic conditions. although these latter demand figures are not used in developing the potential conjunctive water use strategies.

Irish H & V News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Comparison And Evaluation Of Web Crippling Prediction Formulas, Monique Bakker, Teoman Peköz

CCFSS Library (1939 - present)

Since the use of end and load stiffeners is frequently impractical in thin-walled cold-formed steel construction, the webs of beams a.nd deck oay cripple due to the high local intensity of the load or reaction. In this report three different web crippling prediction formulations are compared with experimental results from five different sources. It is found that these web crippling formulas show considera.ble differences and do not give satisfactory results consistently.

Solid Waste Resource Recovery Alternatives, U.S. Facility, Subic Bay, Philippines, Samuel A. Vigil, R. M. Roberts, Donald E. Brunner

Civil and Environmental Engineering

The U.S. Navy Public Works Center, Subic Bay, Republic of the Philippines (PWC Subic Bay) is responsible for the collection and disposal of almost 300,000 yd³ of solid waste annually. A portion of this solid waste is manually sorted and recycled, resulting in gross revenues of over $200,000 in FY82. The present manual sorting and recycling system is considered by PWC Subic Bay to be inadequate in terms of sanitation, safety, and recyclable materials recovery. Therefore , PWC Subic Bay requested that the Naval Civil Engineering Laboratory (NCEL) study the system and recommend improvements.

Fly Ash Stabilized Bases In Kentucky, Gary W. Sharpe, Larry Epley

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

With the escalating costs of materials and construction for highways and streets, many agencies charged with the responsibility of designing and constructing highways are utilizing byproduct stabilized (pozzolanic) materials. Low-strength (pozzolanic) materials have been used fairly extensively in some areas of the United States as well as abroad. In general, pozzolanic materials have been used to stabilize an aggregate base or subbase by addition of fly ash and a source of lime to develop a cementitious reaction. Additionally, portland cement or cement kiln dust have been used to stabilize aggregate subbase and (or) base materials.

Until recently, the use of …

Truck Design And Usage Related To Highway Pavement Performance, Robert C. Deen, Herbert F. Southgate, Gary W. Sharpe, David L. Allen, Jerry G. Pigman

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The function of a pavement is to serve traffic safely, comfortably, and efficiently at reasonable costs. Automobile traffic typically accounts for the major volume of traffic using high-type facilities. However, heavy truck traffic accounts for the major portion of accumulated fatigue and therefore requires greater structural designs. Truck design and usage has tended toward larger vehicles and greater payloads. The impact of elements of truck design and usage (such as suspension systems, floating axles, axle configurations, uniformity of loading, payloads, etc.) on fatigue "damage" are illustrated. The effects of increasing vehicle loadings and increased tire pressures are related to potential …

Development Of Accident Reduction Factors, Tom Creasey, Kenneth R. Agent

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

In order to use the cost-optimization procedure of dynamic programming to rank safety improvements, improvement costs and benefits must be input. The benefits are in terms of accident reductions resulting from specific safety improvements. In this study a comprehensive list of accident reduction factors were developed to use in the cost-optimization program. The development of the list of reduction factors was based mainly on a review of literature and survey of states, with limited input from a before-and-after accident analysis.

Unstable Subgrade, I 65, Hardin County (I 65 - 5 (17) 92; Fsp 047-0065-091-0396), Tommy C. Hopkins, Gary W. Sharpe

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

During construction of the southbound lanes of I 65, Stations 120+00 to 218+00, in Hardin County, Kentucky, near Elizabethtown, large deformations were observed when dense-graded aggregate (DGA) base courses were loaded with construction traffic. Rutting and cracking of the DGA also was noticeable. A study was performed to determine the causes of the unstable subgrade and base, recommend remedial actions, and evaluate the effectiveness of the remedial measures. The stability, or bearing capacity, of the unstable pavement was determined for different construction stages and combinations of pavement layer thicknesses using a relatively new stability model HOPK-I. The stability of the …

Irish H & V News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

The Applicability Of Microcomputers To Local Water Management, Roderick Lee Allen

Dissertations and Theses

Historically, hydrologic models have been available only on mainframe computers and have therefore not been used by local water managers to support daily decisions. The development of the microcomputer presents an opportunity for that to change.

Mathematical models of soil moisture and river routing are selected, developed and tested for use on a microcomputer as an aid to local water management. The models are then integrated with an appropriate data base in a computer program written for a microcomputer. The result is a Decision Support System for local water managers.

In order to evaluate the feasibility of using the Decision …

Irish H & V News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Strain Gage Installation On The I-75 Bridge At Covington, Kentucky And Subsequent Data Analysis, Theodore Hopwood Ii, Jesse G. Mayes

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

In June 1984, the Kentucky Transportation Research Program (KTRP) was requested by the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet to install strain gages on structural members of the I-75 (Brent Spence) Bridge at Covington. This work was to be part of a renovation/modification project on that structure.

Laser Levelling Land For Flood Irrigation, M D. Green, J. P. Middlemas

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Since the introduction of laser levelling to Western Australia's South-West irrigation area five years ago, many farmers have benefited from this new and precise method of land-forming.

The use of lasser controlled earthmoving equipment to redevelop irrigated paddocks has led to improved irrigation efficiency and drainage. Less water is used for each irrigation, water is applied more evenly and less labour is needed. many older, grass-dominated paddocks have been reseeded to improve pasture species.

Biofilm Growths With Sucrose As Substrate, Ju-Chang Huang, Shoou Yuh Chang, Yow Chyun Liu, Zhanpeng Jiang

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This study was conducted to: (1) Evaluate the effect of DO on cell yield in a fixed film reactor using 1,000 mg/L sucrose as a substrate; (2) evaluate the correlations of the biofilm thickness and density with DO and their resultant substrate stabilization rates; and (3) examine the response of biofilm communities as a result of DO and biofilm thickness changes. Data obtained from this study indicate that DO has only a minor effect on the cell yield. However, the thickness of aerobic biofilm is definitely related to DO, or thickness (mm) = (2.08 x DO)/(9.2 + DO). The biofilm …

Fate Of Heavy Metals From Highway Runoff In Stormwater Management Systems, Harvey H. Harper

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

The movement and fate of heavy metal inputs (Cd, Zn, Mn, Cu, Al, Fe, Pb, Ni and Cr) from highway runoff were investigated in a three-year study on 1.3 hectare retention facility near the Maitland Interchange on Interstate 4, north of Orlando, Florida. Physical characteristics of the retention pond and surrounding watershed were defined and field instrumentation was installed. Stormwater samples were collected over a one-year period, representing a wide range of intensities and antecedent dry periods. Stormwater characteristics were compared with average retention pond water quality to determine removal efficiencies for heavy metals within the pond. A total of …