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Articles 11191 - 11220 of 39805
Full-Text Articles in Civil and Environmental Engineering
Enhancement Of Durability Characteristics Of Geopolymer Concrete With Manufactured Sand, Abdul Aleem, T Shanmuga Priya
Enhancement Of Durability Characteristics Of Geopolymer Concrete With Manufactured Sand, Abdul Aleem, T Shanmuga Priya
International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures
Geopolymer Concrete is the concrete made without using any quantity of cement. Instead the waste material from the thermal power station called fly ash is used as the binding material. This fly ash reacts with alkaline solution like sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and forms a gel which binds the fine and coarse aggregates. Similarly another artificial material called manufactured sand (M-Sand) is also used as the fine aggregate against the normal river sand. The durability of Geopolymer Concrete with M-sand was studied by casting cubes of size 100 x 100 x 100 mm. The cube specimens were …
A Preliminary Investigation Into Geopolymer Cement Mortar’S Suitability For Providing Resilient Highway Solutions, Bryan Magee, A Wilkinson, D Woodward, S Tretsiakova-Mcnally, P Lemoine
A Preliminary Investigation Into Geopolymer Cement Mortar’S Suitability For Providing Resilient Highway Solutions, Bryan Magee, A Wilkinson, D Woodward, S Tretsiakova-Mcnally, P Lemoine
International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures
Despite local and national road authorities striving to provide motorists with a durable and safe infrastructure environment, one in six UK roads are currently classed as being in poor condition. In terms of safety, Department for Transport statistics continue to report high numbers of road fatalities; 1,780 in 2015, representing a 3% increase from the previous year. As such, research focused on developing resilient and cost effective planned/preventative highway maintenance solutions remains highly topical. Reported in this paper is research aimed at developing high performance, low impact solutions for both highway repair and skid resistance enhancement. A metakaolin/alkali silicate-based geopolymer …
Comparison Of Lithomarge And Cement-Based Mortars Performance In Aggressive Aqueous Environments, Jacek Kwasny, Timothy A. Aiken, Marios N. Soutsos, Andrew J. Mcintosh, David J. Cleland
Comparison Of Lithomarge And Cement-Based Mortars Performance In Aggressive Aqueous Environments, Jacek Kwasny, Timothy A. Aiken, Marios N. Soutsos, Andrew J. Mcintosh, David J. Cleland
International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures
The resistance of room temperature cured geopolymer mortar (GPM) against chemical attacks, i.e. sodium and magnesium sulfate solutions, and sulfuric and hydrochloric acid solutions, was evaluated. GPM was formulated using a lithomarge precursor (low-purity kaolin) to achieve 28-day characteristic compressive strength of 60 MPa. Its performance was compared with an equivalent Portland cement mortar (PCM) having the same paste volume and strength grade. 28-day old bar samples were stored in 0.352 mol/L sulfate solutions for 52 weeks whereas 28-day old cube samples were exposed for 8 weeks to acid solutions with concentration of 0.52 mol/L. GPM showed superior performance against …
Strength And Durability Of Hybrid Fibre Reinforced Binary Blend Geopolymer Concrete, Namasivayam Ganesan, P V Indira, R Sahana
Strength And Durability Of Hybrid Fibre Reinforced Binary Blend Geopolymer Concrete, Namasivayam Ganesan, P V Indira, R Sahana
International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures
This paper deals with an investigation on the influence of hybrid fibres on the strength and durability of binary blend geopolymer concrete. Geopolymer concrete was prepared using Fly ash and GGBS as source material and mix design was carried out as per the guidelines of Professor Rangan of Curtin University, Australia. Different fly ash-GGBS proportions namely 50-50%, 60-40%, 70-30%, 80-20% and 90-10% were considered. The tests on Geopolymer concrete reveal that the compressive strength increases as the percentage of GGBS increases up to 30%. Hence the combination of 70% fly ash and 30% GGBS was considered as a base material. …
Influence Of Sulfide On The Onset Of Chloride-Induced Corrosion Of Steel Reinforcement In Alkali-Activated Slags., Maria Criado, Shishir Mundra, Susan Andrea Bernal, John Lloyd Provis
Influence Of Sulfide On The Onset Of Chloride-Induced Corrosion Of Steel Reinforcement In Alkali-Activated Slags., Maria Criado, Shishir Mundra, Susan Andrea Bernal, John Lloyd Provis
International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures
In alkali-activated slags (AAS), where ground granulated blast furnace slag is used as the main precursor, the presence of reduced sulfur species yields a highly reducing pore solution environment. This study investigates the influence of sulfide on steel passivation in alkali-activated slag mortars immersed in alkaline (1 M NaOH) and alkaline chloride-rich (1 M NaOH with 5 M NaCl) solutions, and the dependency of chloride-induced pitting on the immersion time and the concentration of sulfide in simulated alkali-activated slag pore solutions (containing 0.80 M OH- and 0 M, 0.01 M and 0.45 M HS- ) by means of electrochemical techniques. …
Impact Of Water Content On The Performance Of Alkali-Activated Slag Concretes, Susan A. Bernal, John L. Provis, Jannie S.J. Van Deventer
Impact Of Water Content On The Performance Of Alkali-Activated Slag Concretes, Susan A. Bernal, John L. Provis, Jannie S.J. Van Deventer
International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures
In this study, we report the effect of varying the water/binder (w/b) ratio on the performance of sodium silicate activated concretes. Compressive strength development and water transport properties of these concretes were assessed, along with their resistance to carbonation. The results demonstrate that varying the water content within a reasonable range induced negligible changes in the compressive strengths of these concretes, when a constant paste content was used. A direct correlation between the w/b ratio and the amount of permeable voids in the concretes was not identified. The carbonation behaviour of these concretes changes prominently depending on the CO2 concentration …
Internal Curing By Sap In Ultra-High Strength Concrete With Cement-Silica Fume-Fly Ash Binder, Jianhui Liu, Caijun Shi, Xianwei Ma
Internal Curing By Sap In Ultra-High Strength Concrete With Cement-Silica Fume-Fly Ash Binder, Jianhui Liu, Caijun Shi, Xianwei Ma
International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures
Super-absorbed polymer (SAP) is an effective internal curing materials for reducing autogenous shrinkage and improving cracking resistance of ultra-high-strength concrete (UHSC). This study investigated the compressive strength, shrinkage properties of UHSC with cement–silica fume–fly ash binder. The composition of the binder was designed using seven-batch factorial design method. The relationships between the binder composition and the properties were expressed in contours. Results showed that, silica fume could improve the compressive strength and total shrinkage of UHSC. However fly ash reduced the compressive strength and total shrinkage of UHSC to certain extent. On the other hand, under the internal curing of …
Design Of Ternary Blend High-Volume Fly Ash Concrete Mixes Using Hydrated Lime, Chamila Gunasekara, David Law, Sujeeva Setunge
Design Of Ternary Blend High-Volume Fly Ash Concrete Mixes Using Hydrated Lime, Chamila Gunasekara, David Law, Sujeeva Setunge
International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures
The increase of carbon emission due to annual growth of Portland cement (PC) production has enforced research into the development of sustainable green concrete using a range of readily available industrial waste materials. The present study is focused on developing two high volume fly ash (HVFA) concretes with cement replacement levels 65% (HVFA‒65) and 80% (HVFA‒80). Initially, the required lime for both HVFA concrete mixes were determined, and then the optimized mix design identified, based on 28-day strength, by varying the fly ash‒lime combination. The optimized mixes achieved a compressive strength of 53MPa and 40MPa, for HVFA‒65 and HVFA‒80 concretes, …
Compressive Strength, Free Expansion And Shrinkage Of Expansive Concrete Containing Fly Ash, Warangkana Saengsoy, Rachot Chatchawan, Somnuk Tangtermsirikul
Compressive Strength, Free Expansion And Shrinkage Of Expansive Concrete Containing Fly Ash, Warangkana Saengsoy, Rachot Chatchawan, Somnuk Tangtermsirikul
International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures
This study is aimed to investigate effect of fly ash on compressive strength, free expansion and shrinkage of expansive concrete. High CaO and low CaO fly ashes are used in this study. The replacement percentages of total binders by fly ash are 0 and 30% by weight. The replacements of expansive additive are 0, 20 and 30 kg/m3 of concrete. The test results revealed that the use of fly ash especially the high CaO fly ash can enhance expansion of expansive concrete at early age. The use of fly ash also reduces shrinkage at long term of the expansive …
Carbonation In Alternative Cementitious Materials: Implications On Durability And Mechanical Properties, Prasanth Alapati, Kimberly E. Kurtis Dr.
Carbonation In Alternative Cementitious Materials: Implications On Durability And Mechanical Properties, Prasanth Alapati, Kimberly E. Kurtis Dr.
International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures
Understanding the rate and implications of carbonation on strength and durability in alternative cementitious materials (ACMs) is critical in designing ‘green’ concretes for intended service lives. In this paper, three commercially available ACMs, including one calcium aluminate cement (CAC), one calcium sulfoaluminate belite cement (CSA), and one alkali-activated binder using class C fly ash (AA), were evaluated against one portland cement (OPC). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques were used to understand the effect of carbonation on ACM paste composition. Water sorption tests on both carbonated and uncarbonated cement mortar showed a significant reduction in porosity of this …
Effects Of Temperature And Curing Duration On The Stability Of Slag Cements In Combined Chloride-Sulphate Environments, Joseph Onah Ukpata, P. A. M. Basheer, Leon Black
Effects Of Temperature And Curing Duration On The Stability Of Slag Cements In Combined Chloride-Sulphate Environments, Joseph Onah Ukpata, P. A. M. Basheer, Leon Black
International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures
This experimental study investigates the effects of temperature and curing duration on the stability of slag blended cement systems exposed at 20 °C and 38 °C to combined sodium chloride (30 g/L) – sodium sulphate (3 g/L) solutions. Two slags, designated as slag 1 and 2, having CaO/SiO2 ratios of 1.05 and 0.94, were respectively blended with Portland cement CEM I 52.5R at 30 wt.% replacement level. Mortar prisms and cubes with w/b ratio of 0.5 and binder/aggregate ratio of 1:3 were then prepared for length and mass changes. The samples were cured in lime water for either 7 …
Impact Of Chemical Compositions On Mechanical Properties Of Modified Asphalt Binders, Mohammad Nazmul Hassan
Impact Of Chemical Compositions On Mechanical Properties Of Modified Asphalt Binders, Mohammad Nazmul Hassan
Student Theses and Dissertations
Modified asphalt binders offer better mechanical performance in field conditions. According to many researchers, nanoclay modified asphalt binders can be a cheaper alternative of currently practiced polymer modified binders. The primary purpose of this study was to observe any changes in asphalt chemistries due to nanoclay modification and explore any correlations that may exist between chemical compositions and mechanical properties. Changes in chemical fractions were found to be source variant. Insoluble Asphaltene contents were observed to increase significantly after aging, whereas the Saturate contents decreased. Correlations were observed between mechanistic properties and chemical compositions. Moreover, aggregate-binder compatibility evaluation showed nanoclay …
Effects Of Reservoir Conditions And Trace Co-Contaminant Gases On Geological Carbon Sequestration, Ram Kumar
Effects Of Reservoir Conditions And Trace Co-Contaminant Gases On Geological Carbon Sequestration, Ram Kumar
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Geological carbon sequestration in a saline formation is a promising technology for large-scale carbon dioxide (CO2) mitigation. Several factors such as temperature, pressure, salinity, hydraulic conductivity, and mineralogy of a formation affect the CO2 sequestration in saline formations. These factors can vary widely depending upon the type of formation or the degree of heterogeneity within a formation. In addition to these properties of the repositories, the CO2-rich flue gas streams captured from point sources often contains small amounts of impurities such as sulfur oxides (SOx) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), which may have serious implications on the chemistry of the repositories …
A Co-Optimal Coverage Path Planning Method For Aerial Scanning Of Complex Structures, Zhexiong Shang, Justin Bradley, Zhigang Shen
A Co-Optimal Coverage Path Planning Method For Aerial Scanning Of Complex Structures, Zhexiong Shang, Justin Bradley, Zhigang Shen
Department of Construction Engineering and Management: Faculty Publications
The utilization of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in survey and inspection of civil infrastructure has been growing rapidly. However, computationally efficient solvers that find optimal flight paths while ensuring high-quality data acquisition of the complete 3D structure remains a difficult problem. Existing solvers typically prioritize efficient flight paths, or coverage, or reducing computational complexity of the algorithm – but these objectives are not co-optimized holistically. In this work we introduce a co-optimal coverage path planning (CCPP) method that simultaneously co-optimizes the UAV path, the quality of the captured images, and reducing computational complexity of the solver all while adhering to …
Application Of Modern, Effective Materials In Rail Road Reinforced Bridge Elements, U.Z. Shermuxamedov, F.Z. Zokirov
Application Of Modern, Effective Materials In Rail Road Reinforced Bridge Elements, U.Z. Shermuxamedov, F.Z. Zokirov
Journal of Tashkent Institute of Railway Engineers
The article is about reducing the construction costs of railroad bridges and the effective use modern building materials. The article compares the technical characteristics of composite fittings and metal fittings and their proportionality. Indeed, recourse saving of metal and composite fittings, as well as factors of localization of construction is compared
Mathematical Modeling Of The Structure Cellular Concrete, Anvar Ishanovich Adilkhodjayev, E.V. Shipacheva, S.S. Shaumarov
Mathematical Modeling Of The Structure Cellular Concrete, Anvar Ishanovich Adilkhodjayev, E.V. Shipacheva, S.S. Shaumarov
Journal of Tashkent Institute of Railway Engineers
The article presents the developed mathematical model of the structure of cellular concrete, which allows one to establish pore sizes and characteristics of inter-pore walls corresponding to the required thermal conductivity and strength of the material, and the results of its numerical implementation are presented
Research Of Surface Condition Of The Rails Rollingon Sections Of High-Speed And High-Speed Train Traffic, E.B. Abdualiyev
Research Of Surface Condition Of The Rails Rollingon Sections Of High-Speed And High-Speed Train Traffic, E.B. Abdualiyev
Journal of Tashkent Institute of Railway Engineers
This article analyzes the intensity of impulse irregularities that occur on the surface of the rolling rail heads on the section of high-speed and high-speed train traffic. On the rolling surface of the rail heads, the formation of pulse irregularities is observed, which are fixed by the measuring system of the track measuring car No. 106. This shows the main character of damage to the surface of the rail head ride
Method Of Calculation Of Self-Stressed Concrete Slabs Supported Along The Contour, S.S. Salixanov
Method Of Calculation Of Self-Stressed Concrete Slabs Supported Along The Contour, S.S. Salixanov
Journal of Tashkent Institute of Railway Engineers
The paper presents the developed method for calculating the contour-supported slab of self-stressed concrete. Reinforced concrete slab on the tension cement replaces the traditional construction of the bridge. In this article, in order to exclude reinforcement, the problem of determining the stress-strain state of self-stressed concrete slabs supported along the contour is considered. The values of stresses in the upper and lower faces of the concrete slab, as well as the bending moment in the middle section of the slab
Construction Features Of Transport Tunnels In The Mountain Areas Of Uzbekistan, M.Х. Miralimov, Sh.U. Normurodov
Construction Features Of Transport Tunnels In The Mountain Areas Of Uzbekistan, M.Х. Miralimov, Sh.U. Normurodov
Journal of Tashkent Institute of Railway Engineers
The paper provides information about the transport tunnel 19,2 km long which was recently completed on new electrified railway line “Angren-Pap” in the mountain area of Uzbekistan. It is noted that the most actual for transport tunnels is account of seismic activity of geological environment in the process of design, construction and maintenance. There are given the effects of earthquakes on underground structures and regularities of displacement and stress distribution in the tunnel linings under seismic impacts. The accumulated experience of earthquake-resistant construction in Uzbekistan shows the need to consider several design schemes for the interaction of tunnels in the …
Research Of System Conditions For Formation Of Failure On Mathematical Models By The Results Of The Research Of Reinforced Concrete Bridges, E.T. Yaxshiev, F.Z. Zokirov, A.B. Karimova
Research Of System Conditions For Formation Of Failure On Mathematical Models By The Results Of The Research Of Reinforced Concrete Bridges, E.T. Yaxshiev, F.Z. Zokirov, A.B. Karimova
Journal of Tashkent Institute of Railway Engineers
Based on the data of field surveys, the results of assessing the state of reinforced concrete span structures of bridges and characteristic defects that occur in the structure during operation are presented. An analysis of the results of inspections and periodic inspections responsible for the operation of artificial structures shows that a significant part of reinforced concrete spans has various types of defects and damage to load-bearing structures. Studies show that defects have a significant impact on the operational properties of reinforced concrete spans, leading both to a limitation of the speed regime of train movements and to the emergence …
Development Of A Hybrid Model Of A Thermophotogenerator And An Empirical Analysis Of The Dependence Of The Efficiency Of A Photocell On Temperature, S.I. Zokirov, M.N. Sobirov, H.Kh. Tursunov, M.M. Sobirov
Development Of A Hybrid Model Of A Thermophotogenerator And An Empirical Analysis Of The Dependence Of The Efficiency Of A Photocell On Temperature, S.I. Zokirov, M.N. Sobirov, H.Kh. Tursunov, M.M. Sobirov
Journal of Tashkent Institute of Railway Engineers
This paper presents the results of experiments to analyze the efficiency of the photocell of selective radiation of a photothermogen generator at various densities. It was found that in a relatively hot climate (Uzbekistan, Ferghana), the performance of the solar cell is stable at temperatures from +25 to +35. It was found that the lowest solar cell performance (from single-crystal silicon) was about 6% and 13%, and the highest - about 15% and 16% for typical and selective lighting with triple density in a certain period of time (up to 3 and 15 minutes), respectively. The lux-ampere characteristic is given; …
Diagnostic Method For Current Collectors Of Freight Electric Locomotives In The Conditions Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan, B.B. Abdurakhmanov
Diagnostic Method For Current Collectors Of Freight Electric Locomotives In The Conditions Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan, B.B. Abdurakhmanov
Journal of Tashkent Institute of Railway Engineers
The paper provides a method for diagnosing current collectors of freight electric locomotives in the Republic of Uzbekistan in order to increase the reliability of current collectors, as well as reduce the time for their operation. A large number of failures attributable to current collectors, in particular to current collector inserts, were revealed. Improving the reliability, which will improve the reliability of the electric locomotive as a whole. To date, the electric locomotives of the park of the Republic of Uzbekistan do not have the diagnostic tools to determine the condition of current collector inserts. The article provides an algorithm …
Investigated The Strength Of Rolling Stock As A Fuzzy Function, M.L. Waail, R.V. Rahimov
Investigated The Strength Of Rolling Stock As A Fuzzy Function, M.L. Waail, R.V. Rahimov
Journal of Tashkent Institute of Railway Engineers
In this paper we use Fuzzy Set Theory to solve one of the essential problems in Railway Engineering: estimate the strength of rolling stock. As known, the strength of, any, rolling stock depends upon several factors that cannot determine them accurately. Therefore, we can consider them as fuzzy factors. The strength of any rolling stock can be changed depending on its operating conditions and the intensive of operation, that can consider as fuzzy factors too. A new proposal method developed depending on Fuzzy Set Theory to estimate the strength of mobile equipment or to compare between several rolling stocks for …
Mathematical Models Of Differential Magnetic Circuits Of Converters With Movable Screens And Distributed Parameters, S.F. Amirov, O.T. Boltayev
Mathematical Models Of Differential Magnetic Circuits Of Converters With Movable Screens And Distributed Parameters, S.F. Amirov, O.T. Boltayev
Journal of Tashkent Institute of Railway Engineers
In the article the mathematical models of differential magnetic transducers with movable electromagnetic screens and with distributed parameters, taking into account the magnetic flux scattering, are developed. To develop a mathematical model of the transducer, the distribution expression of magnetic fluxes before the moving and after the moving parts are obtained using the method of magnetic circuit dismemberment, and the resulting magnetic flux is determined by the overlay method. The developed mathematical models showed that the discrepancy between experimental and theoretical results does not exceed 8-11%.
The Model Of Network Bandwidth When Servicing Multi-Service Traffic, О.А. Turdiyev, А.B. Tukhtakhodjaev, E.S. Abdullaev
The Model Of Network Bandwidth When Servicing Multi-Service Traffic, О.А. Turdiyev, А.B. Tukhtakhodjaev, E.S. Abdullaev
Journal of Tashkent Institute of Railway Engineers
An important issue of ensuring the quality of service on multiservice networks is the correct calculation of their capacity. The proposed numerical methods for assessing the quality characteristics in various disciplines of service applications are time-consuming and do not allow you to quickly manage the resources of the network. In this paper, it is proposed to choose the right from an economic point of view, the optimal resource multiservice network
Calculation Of The Frame Of Locomotives Tem2 In Operation, M.Sh. Valiyev, E.H. Astanov
Calculation Of The Frame Of Locomotives Tem2 In Operation, M.Sh. Valiyev, E.H. Astanov
Journal of Tashkent Institute of Railway Engineers
The article considers the frame of TEM-2 locomotives taking into account the stresses arising in the operation processes. The calculation of the frame of the locomotive TEM2 makes it possible to assess the tensile-deformed state of the frame and to give a comparative assessment of the structural strength, reliability and long service life before and after their useful use
Improving The Operation Of The Automatic Temperature Control System For Water And Oil Of Diesel Systems Of A Diesel Locomotive 2te10m, D.N. Kurilkin, A.V. Osipov, K.U. Muminov
Improving The Operation Of The Automatic Temperature Control System For Water And Oil Of Diesel Systems Of A Diesel Locomotive 2te10m, D.N. Kurilkin, A.V. Osipov, K.U. Muminov
Journal of Tashkent Institute of Railway Engineers
Maintaining optimal water and oil temperatures for diesel systems of a diesel engine 2TE10M is carried out by a system of automatic temperature control. How efficiently this regulation system works will determine the quality of the diesel generator set. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the automatic temperature control system was carried out on the basis of the use of diesel power allocated to the cooling chamber fan drive. The fan drive of the refrigeration chamber of the 2TE10M diesel locomotive includes a hydromechanical gearbox with a fluid coupling of variable filling, for which development of a mathematical model, refinement of …
To Analysis Of The Stressed Condition And Long Durability Of Cylindrical And Conic Pipes Of Polymeric Materials, A. Abdusattarov, F.E. Abduqodirov, D.N. Shamsiyev
To Analysis Of The Stressed Condition And Long Durability Of Cylindrical And Conic Pipes Of Polymeric Materials, A. Abdusattarov, F.E. Abduqodirov, D.N. Shamsiyev
Journal of Tashkent Institute of Railway Engineers
The article considers the solution of the problem of long-term strength and damage of a conical pipe and a hollow cylinder bonded to a thin-walled shell under the action of internal pressure, taking into account the influence of visco-elastic properties of the material on the stress-strain state
Choice Of Basic Parameters, Calculation And Design Of Pulse Magnetizing Devices, J.F. Kurbanov
Choice Of Basic Parameters, Calculation And Design Of Pulse Magnetizing Devices, J.F. Kurbanov
Journal of Tashkent Institute of Railway Engineers
The purpose of this work is to develop methods and devices degaussing rail lashes. Magnetization in railway transport plays an important role for the safety of train traffic. Therefore, it is necessary to develop methods and devices for the demagnetization of products in railway automation and remote control, which is an urgent task. The residual magnetization leads to swelling of the welded joints of the rails, which leads to the formation of cracks, which can lead to train accidents during their movement. During the operation of the railways, magnetization also occurs due to the rotation of the wheel sets and …
Development Of Railway Automation And Telemechanics Systems In Modern Conditions, N.M. Aripov, D.X. Rixsiyev
Development Of Railway Automation And Telemechanics Systems In Modern Conditions, N.M. Aripov, D.X. Rixsiyev
Journal of Tashkent Institute of Railway Engineers
The article deals with the development of railway automation and telemechanics systems in modern conditions by upgrading existing track receivers of rail circuits. We recommend a microcontroller-based track receiver for station rail circuits. The developed electrical device-an electronic pulse-phase track receiver based on a microcontroller - will serve to improve the existing relay track receivers, increase the reliability and service life of the elements of the rail chain, minimize preventive maintenance, and reduce the cost of equipment. The proposed solution significantly reduces the risk of dangerous failures of station rail circuits, and also increases the safety of train traffic