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Articles 1141 - 1170 of 8956

Full-Text Articles in Health and Physical Education

Impact Of An Outdoor Physical Activity Intervention On Muscular Fitness In Adolescents, Khizra Khan, Joni A. Mettler, L. Kent Griffin, Lindsay E. Kipp Feb 2025

Impact Of An Outdoor Physical Activity Intervention On Muscular Fitness In Adolescents, Khizra Khan, Joni A. Mettler, L. Kent Griffin, Lindsay E. Kipp

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Physical inactivity among adolescents is a growing health concern. Innovative, engaging interventions are needed, such as after-school programs to promote physical activity and improve youths’ health, including muscular fitness. PURPOSE: The purpose was to evaluate the impact of an outdoor physical activity intervention on muscle strength, muscle endurance, and agility in middle school students. METHODS: The intervention included various physical activities (e.g., kayaking, orienteering/hiking, archery, disc golf, mountain biking), across 10 sessions over 5 weeks. Seven 6th and 7th graders (age: 11.7 ± 0.2 years; BMI: 24.7 ± 2.7) completed pre and post intervention assessments for …

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Examining The Relationship Between Competition Stress And Performance In Collegiate Rodeo Bronc Riders Through Salivary Cortisol And Heart Rate, Tyler K. Handley, Jennifer L. Zoller, Chelsie J. Huseman, Lisa Colvin, William Storer, Amanda Baxter Feb 2025

Examining The Relationship Between Competition Stress And Performance In Collegiate Rodeo Bronc Riders Through Salivary Cortisol And Heart Rate, Tyler K. Handley, Jennifer L. Zoller, Chelsie J. Huseman, Lisa Colvin, William Storer, Amanda Baxter

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Competition stress significantly impacts the performance of athletes across various sports. Despite its unique demands, stress in rodeo athletes remains underexplored, largely due to the sport's nomadic and individualistic nature and its prior lack of mainstream attention. While comparisons can be drawn between the intermittent structure of rodeo and mainstream sports like baseball or football, the recent surge in rodeo's popularity has increased interest in optimizing athlete performance. PUROSE: The aim of this study was to identify and compare salivary cortisol concentration (SCC) and physical workloads experienced by riders and horses in practice and competition settings. Additionally, the study aims …

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Exercise Pressor Reflex And Acute Vascular Response To Isometric Exercise With Or Without Blood Flow Restriction, Lin-Sheng Chen, Kazumasa Manabe, Yanbing Zhou, Jide Adebiyi, Tianyu Wang, Takanobu Okamoto, Hirofumi Tanaka Feb 2025

Exercise Pressor Reflex And Acute Vascular Response To Isometric Exercise With Or Without Blood Flow Restriction, Lin-Sheng Chen, Kazumasa Manabe, Yanbing Zhou, Jide Adebiyi, Tianyu Wang, Takanobu Okamoto, Hirofumi Tanaka

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Low-intensity exercise combined with blood flow restriction (BFR) is effective in improving muscle strength and hypertrophy. However, exaggerated exercise pressor reflex due to restricted venous outflow and metabolite accumulation triggering metaboreflex has been raised as a concern during BFR training. Additionally, the impact of BFR training on arterial vascular function remains highly controversial. PURPOSE: To evaluate hemodynamic responses to isometric exercise with and without BFR using the post-exercise ischemia (PEI) protocol and examine the acute changes in vascular function before and after BFR isometric exercise. METHODS: Nine apparently healthy young adults (5 females, 28±4 years) completed three sets …

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Comparison Of Overground, Motorized Treadmill And Non-Motorized Treadmill Gait In Younger And Older Adults, Emily L. Chaires, Meghan Mccarthy, Breanna Steele, Scott P. Mclean Feb 2025

Comparison Of Overground, Motorized Treadmill And Non-Motorized Treadmill Gait In Younger And Older Adults, Emily L. Chaires, Meghan Mccarthy, Breanna Steele, Scott P. Mclean

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Previously we found that walking on a non-motorized treadmill (NMT) elicited greater EMG activity from plantar flexor muscles compared to walking overground (OG) and on a motorized treadmill (MT) in adults younger than 25 years of age. PURPOSE: To compare muscle activation patterns of lower extremity muscles between MT, NMT and overground (OG) walking in younger and older. METHODS: Twelve healthy older adults (55.4±4.1 yrs, 167.8±9.0 cm, 73.1±13.1 kg ) and 23 healthy younger adults (27.9±8.4 yrs, 169.9±8.4 cm, 72.9±16.5kg) completed separate walking trials for OG, MT and NMT modes at the preferred NMT speed. For EMG normalization participants also …

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Rapid Onset Pressor Response In Young Healthy Hispanic Adults, Ashlesha Dalve, Ruby A. Nyarko, Justo Perez, Jasdeep Kaur Feb 2025

Rapid Onset Pressor Response In Young Healthy Hispanic Adults, Ashlesha Dalve, Ruby A. Nyarko, Justo Perez, Jasdeep Kaur

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Hispanic population is the fastest growing ethnic group in the U.S. and experiences a high prevalence of hypertension, a key risk factor of cardiovascular disease. Alterations in the regulation of blood pressure at the onset of exercise are evident in adults with hypertension and those with family history of hypertension. However, it is currently unknown whether such maladaptive pressor responses manifest during acute exercise in young Hispanic adults free from overt cardiovascular disease. PURPOSE: In this study, we examined the blood pressure response at the onset of static handgrip exercise in 19 Hispanic/Latino (H/La; 7 women) and 18 non-Hispanic White …

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Investigating The Epigenetic Regulation Of Innate Immune Memory, Emily Nguyen, Heather L. Caslin Feb 2025

Investigating The Epigenetic Regulation Of Innate Immune Memory, Emily Nguyen, Heather L. Caslin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Innate immune memory is the ability of innate immune cells, such as monocytes and macrophages, to develop “memory” that allows them to respond more efficiently when (re-)exposed to a second stimulus. Innate immune memory is driven by epigenetic changes, including histone methylation (H3K4me3) and acetylation (H3K27ac), which can activate gene transcription at inflammatory loci and drive enhanced activation to a second stimulus. While we have previously shown that macrophage cell cultures treated with palmitate exhibit increased cytokine production and metabolism (outcomes of innate immune), the specific epigenetic mechanisms regulating these changes have not been shown. PURPOSE: This study aimed …

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Increasing The Incidence Of Type 2 Diabetes In Ucd-T2dm Female Rats, Chandni Bhagtaney, Austin Thornton, Milena Samora, Ali Mossayebi, Kimber L. Stanhope, Peter J. Havel D.V.M., Ph.D., Audrey J. Stone, Michelle L. Harrison Feb 2025

Increasing The Incidence Of Type 2 Diabetes In Ucd-T2dm Female Rats, Chandni Bhagtaney, Austin Thornton, Milena Samora, Ali Mossayebi, Kimber L. Stanhope, Peter J. Havel D.V.M., Ph.D., Audrey J. Stone, Michelle L. Harrison

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is higher for men compared with women, yet women present with a greater risk factor burden at the time of their diagnosis. Currently, research is lacking that addresses these sex-specific differences in disease onset and progression, research that is critical to understanding the pathophysiology of diabetes and developing optimal treatment strategies for both women and men. These same sex differences are present in animal models of T2DM. The paucity of suitable T2DM animal models is a barrier to investigations of these sex differences. The University of California Davis (UCD)-T2DM rat model, bred …

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Voluntary Wheel Running Improves Glucose Homeostasis And Visceral Adiposity In Old Mice, Alexandra Canizales, David J. Buckley, Sogol Zahedi, Daniel W. Trott Feb 2025

Voluntary Wheel Running Improves Glucose Homeostasis And Visceral Adiposity In Old Mice, Alexandra Canizales, David J. Buckley, Sogol Zahedi, Daniel W. Trott

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Age is an independent risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes, which is characterized in part by impaired glucose homeostasis, greater body weight and visceral adiposity. In older humans, exercise has been demonstrated to be a viable modality to improve these aforementioned outcomes. Surprisingly, to date, no one has assessed whether exercise improves glucose tolerance in old mice. Further the mechanism(s) of improvement in old animals independent of overt obesity is not well understood. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether 8 weeks of voluntary wheel running would result in improved glucose tolerance and …

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Training Load Differences Between Position And Set In Ncaa D1 Collegiate Women’S Volleyball Match, Alexandra P. Brojanac, David Clark, Katie Munger, Yasuki Sekiguchi Feb 2025

Training Load Differences Between Position And Set In Ncaa D1 Collegiate Women’S Volleyball Match, Alexandra P. Brojanac, David Clark, Katie Munger, Yasuki Sekiguchi

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: This study investigated the training load differences between positions and sets in NCAA DI collegiate women’s volleyball matches. METHODS: Training load data from twenty NCAA D1 collegiate women’s volleyball players (mean±SD; age, 20±1y; height, 185.4±3.3cm; weight, 77.2±8.2kg) were monitored during all matches throughout the season where players donned an accelerometer-based player tracking device. Training loads included energy, %Hard-landing (when landing force was >15G), Jump 15+ (Jumps>15 inches), average jump height, and total number of jumps. Players’ positions were classified either in middle blocker (MB), outside hitter (OH), and setter, and sets consisted of Set1, Set2, Set3, Set4, and …

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Comparison Of Two Independent Measures Of Anaerobic Capacity In Women And Men, Brady C. Mclain, Austin B. Shaw, Ethan J. Hein, Claudio A. Gobatto, Marcelo Papoti, Fúlvia De Barros Manchado-Gobatto, David W. Hill, Madison B. Landtiser, Jacob L. Mcnary, Sarah E. Deemer, Lydia K. Caldwell Feb 2025

Comparison Of Two Independent Measures Of Anaerobic Capacity In Women And Men, Brady C. Mclain, Austin B. Shaw, Ethan J. Hein, Claudio A. Gobatto, Marcelo Papoti, Fúlvia De Barros Manchado-Gobatto, David W. Hill, Madison B. Landtiser, Jacob L. Mcnary, Sarah E. Deemer, Lydia K. Caldwell

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD) is the gold standard measure to evaluate anaerobic capacity. An alternative to MAOD is ‘MAOD_alt’, which is based on post-exercise measures. While MAOD requires multiple tests to evaluate anaerobic capacity, MAOD_alt requires a single exhaustive test. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine if MAOD_alt is a valid measure of anaerobic capacity in women and men during cycling[BM2] ergometer exercise. METHODS: Seven women (age 24 ± 3 y, height 166 ± 9 cm, weight 64 ± 13 kg) and nine men (22 ± 2 y, 185 ± 9 cm, 74 ± 10 …

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The Slow Component Of The Vo2 Response Is Explained By The Increase In Glycolytic Contribution, Austin Shaw, Ethan J. Hein, Jacob L. Mcnary, Brady C. Mclain, David W. Hill, Madison B. Landtiser, Lydia K. Caldwell, Sarah E. Deemer Feb 2025

The Slow Component Of The Vo2 Response Is Explained By The Increase In Glycolytic Contribution, Austin Shaw, Ethan J. Hein, Jacob L. Mcnary, Brady C. Mclain, David W. Hill, Madison B. Landtiser, Lydia K. Caldwell, Sarah E. Deemer

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

During severe intensity exercise, energy contribution from glycolysis leads to accumulation of intracellular H+ in the working muscles. This acidification results in decreased efficiency in the excitation-contraction coupling mechanism in the muscle cells, which decreases force production. Some studies have suggested that additional, progressive recruitment of glycolytic (type II) muscle fibers may be needed to maintain force production in constant power exercise which causes an increase in oxygen uptake over time (the VO2 slow component) after ~3 minutes. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine if the amplitude of the VO2 slow component is related …

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Effects Of Vaping Nicotine And Thc On Respiratory Oxidative Stress And Pulmonary Function, Kayla Mckinley, Shannon Jordan, Nikhil Patel, Alan D. Moore Feb 2025

Effects Of Vaping Nicotine And Thc On Respiratory Oxidative Stress And Pulmonary Function, Kayla Mckinley, Shannon Jordan, Nikhil Patel, Alan D. Moore

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

E-cigarettes cause thermal degradation of liquid bases producing an inhaled vapor (“vaping”). Evidence suggests compounds produced during vaping, as well as the vaporized substance itself, cause lung damage and oxidative stress. Oxidative stress can be quantified through analysis of F2-8-isoprostanes, reactive species that initiate lipid peroxidation of arachidonic acid. PURPOSE: To compare non-vaping controls (C) to vapers (V) to determine if respiratory oxidative stress and/or reduced lung function is associated with young healthy people who vape. METHODS: Individuals aged 18-30 were recruited. Participants who vape were asked to identify if they vape only nicotine, only THC, or both as well …

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Angiotensin Ii Induced Hypertension Induces Dna Damage Associated Gene Expression In Visceral Adipose, Nathan Cuellar, Sogol Zahedi, David J. Buckley, Daniel W. Trott Feb 2025

Angiotensin Ii Induced Hypertension Induces Dna Damage Associated Gene Expression In Visceral Adipose, Nathan Cuellar, Sogol Zahedi, David J. Buckley, Daniel W. Trott

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Advanced age remains the most important risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. Aging is also the major risk factor for hypertension and is associated with chronic inflammation and senescent cell accumulation. Cellular senescence, a state of irreversible cell cycle arrest, is characterized by cell cycle arrest and the secretion of inflammatory mediators known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Senescent cells have been demonstrated to accumulate in the adipose tissue of old mice. Although cellular senescence plays a role in age-related vascular dysfunction, it is unknown whether hypertension can induce cellular senescence independent of age. PURPOSE: This study …

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Estimation Of Constant Power Cycle Ergometer Work Rates Using Responses In Incremental Exercise Tests, Ethan Hein, Sarah Deemer, Lydia K. Caldwell, Brady Mclain, Jacob Mcnary, Austin Shaw, David W. Hill Feb 2025

Estimation Of Constant Power Cycle Ergometer Work Rates Using Responses In Incremental Exercise Tests, Ethan Hein, Sarah Deemer, Lydia K. Caldwell, Brady Mclain, Jacob Mcnary, Austin Shaw, David W. Hill

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The severe exercise intensity domain is defined as the range of work rates that is sustainable for ~2 to 30 minutes and will elicit maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). Laboratory controlled study designs often require a more stringent timeframe (e.g. 10 - 14 minutes) for achieving VO2max, making selection of individualized work rates a challenging task. PURPOSE: This study aimed to develop a regression equation to predict cycle ergometer work rates that would elicit VO2max and result in fatigue in ~12min (W12min). METHODS: Three women (mean ± SD, age, 23 ± 4 y; height, 168 ± 13 cm; body mass, 69 …

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Increases In Knee Extension Muscle Activation But Not Peak Torque Following High Intensity Training, Adriana Alonso Gomez, Sierra M. Washignton, Annalee G. Krahn, Sarah N. Fambro, Andrew J. West, Andru N. Botello, Adam C. Avalos, Andrew A. Wolfe, Michael J. Luera Feb 2025

Increases In Knee Extension Muscle Activation But Not Peak Torque Following High Intensity Training, Adriana Alonso Gomez, Sierra M. Washignton, Annalee G. Krahn, Sarah N. Fambro, Andrew J. West, Andru N. Botello, Adam C. Avalos, Andrew A. Wolfe, Michael J. Luera

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Autoregulatory progressive resistance exercise (APRE) modulates training intensity in response to individual performance to optimize increases in muscular strength. Muscular activation patterns during maximal torque production can provide additional insight to increased strength following an APRE training intervention. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a 4-week APRE training program on peak torque and muscle activation in the vastus lateralis (VL) during maximal voluntary isokinetic knee extension. METHODS: Eight resistance trained males (age: 21.5 ± 2.3yrs; height: 176.5 ± 6.8cm; weight: 70.3 ± 17.8kg) participated in upper- and lower-body APRE 4-times per week for 4-weeks. …

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Effects Of Autoregulatory Progressive Resistance Exercise On Upper-Body Rate Of Force Development And Cross-Sectional Area, Andru N. Botello, Sierra M. Washington, Annalee G. Krahn, Andrew J. West, Dylan J. Harty, Jenaya V. Brown, Mason A. Crews, Sarah N. Fambro, Adriana Alonso Gomez, Andrew A. Wolfe, Micheal J. Luera Feb 2025

Effects Of Autoregulatory Progressive Resistance Exercise On Upper-Body Rate Of Force Development And Cross-Sectional Area, Andru N. Botello, Sierra M. Washington, Annalee G. Krahn, Andrew J. West, Dylan J. Harty, Jenaya V. Brown, Mason A. Crews, Sarah N. Fambro, Adriana Alonso Gomez, Andrew A. Wolfe, Micheal J. Luera

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Rate of force development (RFD) is used to measure explosive strength during a rapid contraction of a muscle action and is also important for athletes who prioritize explosiveness and quickness. Reports indicate autoregulatory progressive resistance exercise (APRE) yields greater physical performance adaptations than traditional linear periodization models. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare isometric bench press RFD and skeletal muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) of the triceps longhead following 4-weeks of an APRE training program. METHODS: Eight resistance trained males (age: 21.5 ± 2.3yrs; height: 176.5 ± 6.8cm; weight: 70.3 ± 17.8kg) participated in a 4-week …

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The Relationship Between Traditional Performance Measures Countermovement Jump Testing In Youth Female Soccer Athletes, Samiha Momin, Haley Goble, Roxanne Miller, Shari Liberman, Bradley Lambert Feb 2025

The Relationship Between Traditional Performance Measures Countermovement Jump Testing In Youth Female Soccer Athletes, Samiha Momin, Haley Goble, Roxanne Miller, Shari Liberman, Bradley Lambert

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Jump testing using electronic force plates has gained interest in sport and rehabilitation settings for evaluating performance and recovery across all levels, from youth to professional. While these devices produce extensive data on jump metrics, little information exists on how they relate to traditional sport performance measures used in athletic or therapy settings for youth athletes. PURPOSE: Examine the relationship between countermovement jump (CMJ) testing measures assessed via the VALD ForceDecks Lite® force plate system and common sport performance tests associated with lower extremity strength, power, agility, and injury risk in elite youth soccer athletes. METHODS: All procedures for …

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Comparison Of Ncaa D1 Women’S Basketball Game Day And Previous Practice Training Loads, Kyle Jean, Karissa A. Mesquita, David Clark, Yasuki Sekiguchi Feb 2025

Comparison Of Ncaa D1 Women’S Basketball Game Day And Previous Practice Training Loads, Kyle Jean, Karissa A. Mesquita, David Clark, Yasuki Sekiguchi

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Game day training loads in NCAA Division I Women’s Basketball players differ significantly from practice loads, emphasizing the intense physical demands of competition. Analyzing these variations is crucial for optimizing training strategies, balancing workload, and enhancing recovery. PURPOSE: Examining the game day and the previous week training load before each game in NCAA D1 Women’s Basketball players. METHODS: Eleven females (Age: 22±2years, Height: 183.41±8.92cm, Weight: 84.62±18.78kg) NCAA D1 Women’s Basketball players donned accelerometer units for games and practices from October 2023 through March 2024. Variables collected by the units include Total Distance, Duration, Accumulated Acceleration Load, High Speed …

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Effect Of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibition On Exercise Hyperemia In Older Adults, Harrison A. Peyrovi, Steven A. Romero, Johnathan D. Tune, Ysabella Ruiz-Pick, Asim Kichloo, Gregory M. Dick, Brenda L. Gilliland Feb 2025

Effect Of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibition On Exercise Hyperemia In Older Adults, Harrison A. Peyrovi, Steven A. Romero, Johnathan D. Tune, Ysabella Ruiz-Pick, Asim Kichloo, Gregory M. Dick, Brenda L. Gilliland

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Skeletal muscle blood flow is attenuated in older adults performing dynamic exercise which is due, in part, to impaired local vasodilatory mechanisms. Recent preclinical and clinical studies have shown that sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors improve vasodilator function at rest. However, the extent to which this improvement extends to exercise is unknown. PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis that compared with placebo, short-term administration of an SGLT2 inhibitor will increase skeletal muscle blood flow in older adults performing unilateral plantar flexion exercise via increased vascular conductance. METHODS: We utilized a randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled crossover design. Four older adults (3 women; age …

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Co-Existence Of St-Segment Depression And Exaggerated Systolic Blood Pressure Response In Older Runners, Kazumasa Manabe, Owen N. Beck, Justus Ortega, Hirofumi Tanaka Feb 2025

Co-Existence Of St-Segment Depression And Exaggerated Systolic Blood Pressure Response In Older Runners, Kazumasa Manabe, Owen N. Beck, Justus Ortega, Hirofumi Tanaka

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Regular exercise is known to confer substantial benefits for cardiovascular health. However, long-distance runners with abnormal exercise electrocardiography like ST-segment depression have been reported to show a higher prevalence of exercise-induced hypertension, which may link to future cardiovascular events. In recent years, the recommendation to screen and assess cardiovascular risks has extended to various populations including chronically active and seemingly healthy older athletes. PURPOSE: In the retrospective analysis of a previous research study to evaluate walking economy in older adults, we observed a fairly high occurrence of both ST segment depression and peak systolic BP in older endurance-trained athletes. …

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Non-Linear Relationship Between Mental Toughness And Anxiety In Ncaa Athletes: Unexpected Mid-Range Vulnerability, Gabriel Rollins, Ernest Rimer, Xavier Smith, Nathan Wells, Brett Hayes, Jennifer Daily, Christopher Peters, Andreas Stamatis Feb 2025

Non-Linear Relationship Between Mental Toughness And Anxiety In Ncaa Athletes: Unexpected Mid-Range Vulnerability, Gabriel Rollins, Ernest Rimer, Xavier Smith, Nathan Wells, Brett Hayes, Jennifer Daily, Christopher Peters, Andreas Stamatis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Elite athletes often experience various anxiety symptoms and disorders that, if left untreated, can negatively impact their mental well-being, psychological functioning, and athletic performance. While mental toughness (MT) is generally viewed as advantageous in terms of mental health (MH) outcomes, previous research has suggested that excessively high MT levels may lead to maladaptive behaviors, such as ignoring injuries or delaying help-seeking, which can exacerbate MH challenges. Lately, official organizations (e.g., NCAA) have emphasized the need for structured and regular MH screening (e.g., anxiety) of elite athletes. PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between MT and anxiety in NCAA student-athletes, specifically …

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Vascular Responses During Steady-State Exercise In Adults With Type 1 Diabetes, Ruby A. Nyarko, Ashlesha D. Dalve, Justo Perez Iii, Pratima V. Kumar, Jasdeep Kaur Feb 2025

Vascular Responses During Steady-State Exercise In Adults With Type 1 Diabetes, Ruby A. Nyarko, Ashlesha D. Dalve, Justo Perez Iii, Pratima V. Kumar, Jasdeep Kaur

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with widespread hyperglycemia-induced vascular damage, which affects both conduit and resistance arteries. This damage has been demonstrated by impaired vasodilatory responses to a 5-minute ischemic stimulus (flow-mediated dilation) and infusion of pharmacological vasodilators in patients with T1D. However, whether this vascular impairment affects blood flow regulation during steady-state exercise in T1D remains unclear. PURPOSE: Herein, we tested the hypothesis that adults with T1D would exhibit blunted forearm blood flow (FBF) and forearm vascular conductance (FVC) during steady-state rhythmic handgrip exercise (RHG), compared to age-matched healthy controls. METHODS: We studied 27 adults (15 …

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Examining The Relationship Of E-Cigarette Vapor Exposure And Exercise Performance In Aerobically Trained Rats, Miranda N. Farrar, Nancy Morales Feb 2025

Examining The Relationship Of E-Cigarette Vapor Exposure And Exercise Performance In Aerobically Trained Rats, Miranda N. Farrar, Nancy Morales

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Electronic cigarettes, or e-cigarettes, are alternatives to traditional cigarettes and they are rapidly growing in popularity. These electronic nicotine delivery systems heat up nicotine and vehicle liquids to deliver nicotine to the user via vapor rather than smoke. Although they are touted as a “healthier” alternative to smoking, vape use is associated with changes in heart rate and blood pressure, increased lung inflammation, and reduced mucociliary clearance. Such physiological changes may have an effect on exercise performance and athletic ability. PURPOSE: This study’s purpose was twofold: to train rats to successfully run on a treadmill, and to evaluate the …

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Low-Energy Cooling Strategies To Mitigate Thermal Strain Of Older Adults Exposed To Very Hot-Dry Heat, Isa A. Farooqi, Zachary J. Mckenna, Whitley C. Atkins, Elizabeth A. Gideon, Craig G. Crandall Feb 2025

Low-Energy Cooling Strategies To Mitigate Thermal Strain Of Older Adults Exposed To Very Hot-Dry Heat, Isa A. Farooqi, Zachary J. Mckenna, Whitley C. Atkins, Elizabeth A. Gideon, Craig G. Crandall

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Extreme heat causes morbidity and mortality, particularly among older adults. Although air conditioning can mitigate heat strain, it may be inaccessible due to limited resources, high costs, or power outages. Consequently, cooling strategies other than air-conditioning are needed to mitigate excessive elevations in core temperature and cardiovascular strain in this population. While electric fans offer a low-cost and widely available intervention, their effectiveness in very hot conditions is minimized due to potential increases in heat gain and dehydration. In contrast, skin wetting is a promising low-cost and energy-free cooling strategy that enhances evaporative heat loss. PURPOSE: We tested the hypotheses …

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Reliability Of Handgrip Strength Measurements And Their Relationship With Physical Performance Outcomes In Older Women, Alexandra Khartabil, Ty B. Palmer Feb 2025

Reliability Of Handgrip Strength Measurements And Their Relationship With Physical Performance Outcomes In Older Women, Alexandra Khartabil, Ty B. Palmer

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Handgrip strength measurements, such as peak force and rate of force development (RFD), are effective parameters at characterizing the strength capacities of numerous muscle groups in the upper and lower extremities. Previous studies have determined the reliability of handgrip peak force and RFD in young, college-aged adults. However, the reliability of these measurements in older adults remains unclear. It is also unclear if these measurements are associated with performance during sit-to-stand and medicine ball throw tests. PURPOSE: The primary aim of this study was to examine the reliability of handgrip peak force and RFD measurements in older women. A secondary …

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Music Enhances Motor Cortex Excitability In Physically Active Individuals, Anupama Thapa, Ana Carolina Panhan, Erin Lally, Joosung Kim Feb 2025

Music Enhances Motor Cortex Excitability In Physically Active Individuals, Anupama Thapa, Ana Carolina Panhan, Erin Lally, Joosung Kim

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Music is often used by exercisers and benefits physical performance. The positive effects of music on physical function are induced by the changes in motor cortex excitability while listening to music. Recent studies reveal that modulation of brain excitability in the hand is increased by music but is likely dependent on the characteristics of music tempo, preference, and the individual’s motivational state. No study has explicitly investigated whether music perceived as motivating for exercise creates changes in motor cortex excitability of the quadriceps. PURPOSE: This randomized crossover study examines the effect of the preferred music on motor cortex excitability …

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Changes In Gait Patterns: Indicators Of Increased Fall Risk Across Diverse Age Groups, Diego Diaz-Vega, Heontae Kim, Ho Han, Jungyu Lee, Fatima Siddiqua Feb 2025

Changes In Gait Patterns: Indicators Of Increased Fall Risk Across Diverse Age Groups, Diego Diaz-Vega, Heontae Kim, Ho Han, Jungyu Lee, Fatima Siddiqua

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Gait patterns, including measures such as velocity, step length differential, and various temporal aspects of the gait cycle, are essential indicators of an individual's mobility and balance. With aging, changes in these gait metrics are commonly observed and are closely linked to an increased risk of falls. However, detailed evidence on gait changes across different age groups remains limited, particularly in healthy adults. PURPOSE: The primary aim of this study is to identify key gait metrics and evaluate their potential as indicators of increased fall risk across diverse age groups. METHODS: A total of 252 healthy adults aged …

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Accumulated Seasonal Effects Of External Training Load On Performance, Sydnei Mooring, Harsh Buddhadev, Mayrena I. Hernandez, Jennifer Bunn Feb 2025

Accumulated Seasonal Effects Of External Training Load On Performance, Sydnei Mooring, Harsh Buddhadev, Mayrena I. Hernandez, Jennifer Bunn

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

External training load (ETL), which characterizes the mechanical stress sustained during physical activity, is a key determinant of athletic performance. Understanding seasonal variations in ETL provides valuable insight for optimizing performance and reducing overuse injury risk in volleyball, a sport heavily reliant on vertical jumping actions. PURPOSE: To examine seasonal variations in ETL and performance metrics in high school volleyball athletes, with a specific focus on jump-related mechanical variables. METHODS: This study involved secondary analysis of data collected during a prospective observational study of a 6A high school volleyball team competing in the 2021 Texas University Interscholastic League. Data from …

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The Effect Of Menstrual Cycle Phase On Igf-1 And Myostatin After An Acute Bout Of Anaerobic Exercise: A Preliminary Analysis, Kelsi R. Lambright, Cayla Clark, Ashley Latchford, Edwin J. Davila, Dan E. Newmire Feb 2025

The Effect Of Menstrual Cycle Phase On Igf-1 And Myostatin After An Acute Bout Of Anaerobic Exercise: A Preliminary Analysis, Kelsi R. Lambright, Cayla Clark, Ashley Latchford, Edwin J. Davila, Dan E. Newmire

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Hormonal fluctuations throughout the menstrual cycle influence various physiological processes, including skeletal muscle metabolism. Understanding how anabolic and catabolic pathways respond to anaerobic exercise in females is crucial for uncovering the mechanisms behind muscle adaptations. The limited research on the influence of menstrual cycle fluctuations on muscle metabolism underscores the need for this study and further exploration of exercise physiology in females. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of menstrual cycle phases on the anabolic hormone-insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and the catabolic regulator myostatin (GDF-8) in response to a bout of anaerobic exercise in eumenorrheic …

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Body Composition Impacts Jump Performance In D1 Athletes, Veronika Kramarenko, Vipa Bernhardt, Michael D. Oldham, Brian Jones, Ouays Bakcha, Chaehyun Byun, Cheyenne Martinez, Joseph Mcclain, Marshall Tousant Feb 2025

Body Composition Impacts Jump Performance In D1 Athletes, Veronika Kramarenko, Vipa Bernhardt, Michael D. Oldham, Brian Jones, Ouays Bakcha, Chaehyun Byun, Cheyenne Martinez, Joseph Mcclain, Marshall Tousant

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

INTRODUCTION: Body composition is critical in athletic performance, influencing metrics such as jump height and force production. Variations in body composition, such as increased lean tissue mass and reduced fat mass, have been identified as strong predictors of superior jump performance due to their positive effects on power-to-weight ratios and reduced injury risk (MacDonald et al., 2013). Lean mass is strongly correlated with improved jump performance, as greater lean mass enhances muscle cross-sectional area and, consequently, the force and power generated during physical activities like countermovement jumps (CMJ) (Stephenson et al., 2015). Low body fat percentages are generally associated with …

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