Health and Physical Education Commons^™

Examining The Development Of Resilience Through Youth Sports, Mae Grigsby

Graduate Teacher Education

Research has indicated that resilience was an essential skill necessary for facing life’s adversities. The completion of 15 qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-method studies in Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Italy, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Slovakia, and The United States determined that sports provided numerous benefits in childhood and into adulthood. Based on this research, sports offered a stable, supportive environment with positive interpersonal relationships that fostered resilience and supported youth when faced with setbacks, giving them skills they would use well into their futures. With a growing number of youths impacted by Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), protective factors such as resilience …

Does Perceived Competence And Practice Type Influence Motor Performance In Softball Pitchers Developing A New Pitch Type?, Anthony W. Fava, Matthew Miller, Emily Sauers, Gretchen Oliver

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Competence-based motivation frameworks use perceived self-confidence (PSC) to explain performance outcomes. Although PSC has been associated with improved performance on fundamental motor skills, PSC can also be task specific and may change depending on particular contexts within a sport. PURPOSE: To assess whether PSC influenced motor performance in softball pitchers developing a new pitch type under two different practice types. METHODS: Fifty adolescent-aged softball pitchers participated. Pitchers were randomly assigned into two practice types: Constraints-led Approach (CLA), (14.9±1.2y,64.8±10.1kg,1.69±0.1m), and Traditional (Trad), (14.5±1.0y, 65.4±11.4kg, 1.67±0.1m). Recruited pitchers indicated the drop ball (DB) was not their ‘go-to’ pitch nor was …

Relationships Between Depression And Body Composition In Collegiate Athletes And Non-Athletes, Aysha W. Cunningham, Keegan Pulford-Thorpe, Edward Kerr Iii, Tamara Hew-Butler

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Up to 62.9% of the general college student population report depression. Whether or not collegiate athletes have higher or lower depression scores remains unclear. PURPOSE: To 1) determine the incidence of depression at a midwestern university and 2) explore relationships between depression and body composition in collegiate athletes and non-athletes. METHODS: A convenience sample of student-athletes and non-athletes, from a NCAA Division II school, were screened for depression using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression – Revised (CESD-R) scale. The threshold for depression was ≥16. Total body composition was assessed using a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scanner (Hologic, Horizon …

Black Belt Football Players' Perceptions Of Their Football And Academic Environments, Paul David Kadle Jr.

College of Education

The achievement gap between rural and non-rural schools is persistent. This study examines the achievement gap problem by analyzing two groups of rural schools to better understand their ecologies and the inner workings of rural schools. Ecological Systems Theory is the framework from which this study operates while looking at the mesosystemic relationship between the microsystems of high school football teams and classrooms in the Black Belt and otherwise rural areas of Alabama and Mississippi. A non-experimental quantitative survey design was used to answer research questions that focused on the achievement gap between Black Belt and non-Black Belt rural schools …

The Relationship Between Individualised Speed Thresholds And Changes In Aerobic Fitness In Elite Professional Youth Soccer Players. A Case Study, Ronan Kavanagh, Kevin Mcdaid, David Rhodes, Jill Alexander, Damian Harper, Rafael Oliveira, Kieran Berry, Mark Connor, Piotr Zmijewski, Ryland Morgans

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: This study aimed to examine the dose-response relationship between training load and aspects of physical fitness in English Premier League (EPL) U23 soccer players. Materials and Methods: Seven male EPL U23 outfield soccer players (age 20.1±1.1 years) participated in this study and performed the Bronco test on five occasions within one season. Individualised running thresholds were employed using maximal aerobic speed (MAS), anaerobic speed reserve (ASR) and maximal sprint speed (MSS) values utilising a GPS system. Results: No significant differences in the Bronco performance between the tests (p > 0.05, ES = 0.101) were observed. Distance covered above 30% …

Impact Of A Light Volleyball Intervention Among Older Chinese Adult Women, Ka-Man Carman Leung, Paul Lee, Wing Sze Alice Lai, Yanan Zhao, Lynda Ransdell

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Modified sports offer a strategic approach to promoting health in older adults. Light volleyball, which uses a larger, lighter ball than traditional volleyball, is more accessible for this population. This study investigated the effects of a 16-week light volleyball program on the functional fitness of older adults in Hong Kong. A total of 275 participants aged 60 years or older were recruited and randomly assigned to three groups: a light volleyball intervention group, a Tai Chi group, and a control group. Functional fitness was assessed at the pretest, posttest, and 6-month follow-up. Results revealed that the light volleyball group exhibited …

Newly Credentialed Athletic Trainers' Onboarding Process During The Transition To Practice, Ashley B. Thrasher, Stacy E. Walker, Julie M. Cavallario

Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty Publications

Context: As new athletic trainers (ATs) transition into their roles, some employers provide orientation and onboarding to assist with the transition to practice. Research in which authors outline the ideal onboarding process for new ATs transitioning to practice is lacking.

Objective: To examine the onboarding process for new ATs.

Design: Grounded theory.

Setting: College or university, secondary school, and hospital or clinic.

Patients or other participants: Seventeen newly credentialed, employed ATs who recently graduated from professional masters' programs (11 female, 6 male; 25.6 ± 2.2 years) and 12 employers (6 female, 6 male; years in role supervising new ATs: 8.5 …

Our Reflections And Concluding Thoughts, Justin A. Haegele, Wesley J. Wilson

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

In this chapter, the editors provide concluding thoughts and reflections about the process of constructing this case-based learning book, and encouragement for readers to further consider ways to reflect about the stories of the authors. We reiterate the five broad reflective prompts from Chapter 2 to guide this reflection. We also share concepts related to ableism, and examples of how ableism may look and how it may inform practice. We conclude with, again, encouraging authors to think about and reflect on the stories included throughout the book, and to be mindful of ways ableism may (or may not) influence this …

Risk Management Perceptions And Preventive Practices Of Athletic Directors From Naia Schools, Yan Gioseffi

Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences ETDs

The increase in the number of incidents associated with sports has led to the rise of litigation, and physical, emotional, and financial damage to stakeholders. Collegiate athletic directors (ADs) have the duty to keep their programs safe.

This study aimed to explore and understand the practices, perceptions, and experiences of ADs from National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) institutions regarding preventive risk management. As risk management is significantly new in the sporting industry, an exploratory study using a qualitative design, grounded in narrative inquiry was conducted using the D.I.M. Process as a guide to collect data from 10 NAIA ADs …

Primed For Sport Coaching: A Mixed-Methods Pilot Study Of A Six-Week Intervention, Pete S. Paciorek

Dissertations

This six-week pilot study was conducted using grounded theory from “What Works in Character Education” (Berkowitz & Bier, 2014) and specifically the “PRIMED for Character Education” framework (Berkowitz, 2021) applied to 11 high school sport coaches. The three key ideas of focus were on whether the PRIMED framework could increase the coach-participants’ commitment to character education, self-efficacy as character educators, and self-identification as Servant Leaders in an effort to “nurture the flourishing of human goodness” (Berkowitz, 2021) of our youth and, in this case, specifically, high school student-athletes.

With millions of youth involved in sport in North America and across …

The Effect Of Athletic Participation On Academic Achievement For Private High School Students, Jeff Johnson

Graduate Student Dissertations, Theses, Capstones, and Portfolios

Education's role in society is crucial for the sustainability of civilization (Ball, 2021). Education consists of people training people for the future and the betterment of humanity. Governments often prioritize education reform, and decision-makers and school leaders constantly look at ways to improve student gains (Ball, 2021). Further, improving the education system is an ongoing process that is an absolute necessity, and the intent behind this research was to contribute to that endeavor and promote progress.

The relationship between athletics and academic performance has been studied broadly in literature. However, there is a literary void and lack of delineated exploration …

On The 8th Day: A Catholic Theology Of Sport, Ronald J. Nuzzi

Journal of Catholic Education

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Bone Mineral Density And Body Composition Of Division Iii Ncaa Athletes At Southwestern University, Grey D. Wagner, Cole G. Peck

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: To examine the variation of bone mineral density and body composition between athletes of different sports at Southwestern University. METHODS: One hundred and three Division III NCAA athletes at Southwestern University came to the kinesiology lab in a single session to complete a full body DEXA scan using a GE Lunar Prodigy Dexa Bone Densitometer. The athletes’ bone mineral density, body composition data and health history questionnaire were collected. RESULTS: There was a significant difference of t-scores among the men’s sports means (F(6,41) = 5.599, p < 0.001). There was a significant difference of t-scores among the women’s sports means (F(6, 34) = 2.879, p = 0.022). There was no significant difference of % body fat among the men’s sports means (F(6,42) = 1.787, p = 0.125). There was no significant difference of % body fat among the women’s sports means (F(6,35) = 1.301, p = 0.283). CONCLUSION: This study found a significant difference of T-scores between sports but not …

Athletic Trainers' Perceptions Of And Experiences With Unlearning In Clinical And Educational Practice, Alicia M. Pike Lacy, Julie M. Cavallario, Kenneth C. Lam, Cailee E. Welch Bacon

Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty Publications

Context

Unlearning is a critical component of evidence-based practice, yet research related to its role in athletic training practice is limited.

Objective

To explore athletic trainers’ (ATs’) perceptions of and experiences with unlearning.

Design

Cross-sectional.

Setting

Online survey with open-ended questions.

Patients or other participants

Seven hundred fifteen of 6925 ATs accessed the survey (access rate = 10.3%) with 640 ATs completing it (completion rate = 94%).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

We distributed a survey consisting of 8 to 10 demographic questions, 1 Likert-scale item on familiarity with unlearning, and 4 to 5 open-ended questions. Descriptive statistics summarize demographic information. Open-ended …

Sled Pull Training Protocol Does Not Improve Peak Force And Increases Asymmetry In Collegiate Soccer Players, Kyra K. Parske, John A. Brasher, Robert V. Musci, Jenevieve L. Roper

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Speed and acceleration are trainable components that are critical determinants of success in team sports, particularly soccer. Lower extremity strength is one of many factors that determine the maximal force output and velocity of individuals, which is critical to success in sport. PURPOSE: To determine the effects of a 12-week sled pull training intervention on isometric leg strength and asymmetry. METHODS: Participants from Division 1 collegiate men (20 ± 1.5yrs, 168.28 ± 51.17cm, 73.44 ± 23.46kg) and women’s soccer (19.58 ± 1.02yrs, 167.07 ± 3.81cm, 62.46 ± 8.41kg) team performed pre-training isometric thigh pulls on force plates measuring peak force …

Sled-Pull Training Improves Maximal Horizontal Velocity In Collegiate Male And Female Soccer Players, Atithi K. Multani, John A. Brasher, Robert J. Rovetti, Junyuan Lin, Robert V. Musci, Jenevieve L. Roper

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The force velocity profile (FvP), which details the capacity to sprint and accelerate, is a determinant of success in soccer. To date, no data exist that details the FvP of male and female collegiate Division I soccer players. Further, there is limited insight on how training interventions may modify the FvP of either males or females. PURPOSE: The aim of this investigation was to compare FvP between collegiate male and female athletes and assess the efficacy of a 12-week sled pull training intervention. METHODS: 17 male (20.17 ± 1.38 yrs) and 12 female (19.75 ± 1.05 yrs) soccer …

Sled-Pull Training Protocol Increases Critical Speed In Female Collegiate Soccer Players, Andrew J. Hartz, John A. Brasher, Jenevieve L. Roper, Robert V. Musci

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Critical speed (CS) is the speed one can sustain while maintaining blood lactate, phosphocreatine, and oxygen uptake levels. “Distance capacity beyond CS” (D’) is the reserve an athlete can draw from to run faster than their CS. By increasing CS and D’, athletes can sustain a faster threshold pace (CS) and have a greater sprint capacity (D’). Unlike distance traveled and speed, which do not reflect the metabolic strain of an exercise, CS and D’ assess the relative intensity of an activity to provide individualized inter- and intra-competition insight. PURPOSE: This investigation evaluated CS and D’ among men and women …

The Road To Championship: An Example Of An Individual With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Halil Sarol, Rıfat Kerem Gürkan, Bülent Gürbüz

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

The aim of this research is to investigate the road to championship of an individual with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) who began physical activity in childhood under parental influence and won medals in competition as an athlete. In this research, founded on the phenomenological pattern from qualitative research models, data were collected in a semi-structured interview. Face-to-face interviews were held with the family, coach and the research participant. The content analysis method was used. The individual with ASD began a physical activity program in a special education center in childhood under parental influence and psychiatric referral. The individual with ASD …

Developing Mental Toughness In Collegiate Football: A Phenomenological Study, Tarrah D. Bisch

Dissertations, Theses, and Projects

The purpose of this study was to enhance the phenomenon of mental toughness, by addressing the literature gap of how mental toughness can be developed in college football. This qualitative study used a tri-level snowball method, first interviewing head coach participants recommended from a collegiate football expert. Then, interviewing assistant coaches who were recommended by each head coach. Lastly, interviewing a focus group of current collegiate football athletes, who were recommended by both head coaches and assistant coaches. This study addressed four research questions surrounding the development of mental toughness in college football athletes, the differences between coaches’ and athletes’ …

Gender Differences In Motives For Participation In Sports And Exercise Among Norwegian Adolescents, Arne Martin Jakobsen, Elisabeth Evjen

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: Drawing from the theories of self-determination (Deci & Ryan, 1985), this study examined how intrinsic and extrinsic motives affect Norwegian adolescents’ participation in organized sports and their stamina for exercising relative to gender. We also investigated which motives can predict exercising/training, and whether this is influenced by gender. Material/Method: 368 students (male, 51%; female 49%) aged between 16 and 18 years completed a standardized questionnaire “Motives for Physical Activity Measure – Revised (MPAM-R)”. The main effects were followed up using one-way analyses of variance (ANOVA). To analyze the relationship between the dependent variable "sustained exercise" and the independent variables …

Pain Tolerance In Sport, Ewelina Salwin, Agnieszka Zajac

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Pain is an inseparable element of the sports experience, regardless of the chosen discipline. The saying “no pain, no gain” perfectly describes the risk of an injury in sport as well as the expectations of high tolerance of pain. Sociologists note the connection between sport norms and values and the pain and behaviours related to an injury. While competing an athlete is under pressure of the coach, activists and supporters who expect him or her to continue and perform despite pain. However, pain in sport is not always a negative factor as it also plays an informative role indicating physical …

Position Accuracy And Fix Rate Of Athletes In Location Monitoring, Cezary Specht, Tomasz Szot

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The two main factors determining the quality of motion monitoring are the accuracy of determination of position coordinates and the frequency of position logging (fix rate). Material and methods: A comparative analysis of contemporary photogrammetric, remote sensing and satellite methods shows a lack of uniform requirements in this respect with reference to the same sports. Considering the issue on an intuitive basis only, it seems obvious that the accuracy of position in 100-m sprint cannot be measured in metres, and the frequency of positioning should be sub-second. However, the precise values of these variables are not estimated. A mathematical …

Perspectives For Improving Organizational Interaction In The Process Of Developing The Field Of Physical Culture And Sport, Oleh Mykolaiovych Varenyk

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

The purpose of the study is to examine the conditions for establishing an organizational interaction in the service sector. The peculiarities of the interaction of selected spheres with other interested structures of the industrial and social sectors of economy are characterized. Based on the example of economic activity of physical culture, sport and tourism, public health, their place in the process of introducing health-saving technologies and solving other important tasks of socio-economic development have been outlined.

Athlete Self-Efficacy Scale: Development And Psychometric Properties, Çalık Veli Koçak

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: It is important that psychological structures have an impact on athlete performance, such as self-efficacy can be measured consistently. The aim of this study is to develop a measurement tool with psychometric properties that can measure the self-efficacy beliefs of athletes. Material and methods: The participants of the study consisted of 325 athletes (age 21.6 ± 4.2) who actively pursue sports in various sports branches in Turkey. In the validity and reliability analysis of the scale, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyzes were used. Cronbach’s Alpha reliability coefficient value of the total scale is .88. Results: The validity and reliability …

Investigation Of The Relationship Between Sit-And-Reach Flexibility And The Height, The Leg Length And The Trunk Length In Adolescent Athletes, Bihter Akınoğlu, Büşra Paköz, Adnan Hasanoğlu, Tuğba Kocahan

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: Background: ‪‪The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the Sit-and-Reach (SR) test and the height, the leg length, and the trunk length of the male and female adolescent athletes, and to obtain relative SR test results using these anthropometric values. Material and methods: ‪‪Fifty-six adolescent athletes were included in the study. The athletes’ trunk, hip, and hamstring flexibility were evaluated with the SR test (traditional). The height-relative SR, leg length-relative SR and trunk length-relative SR test values were calculated by proportioning each data with the SR test values. Pearson/Spearman correlation analysis were used according to …

Measurement Of Respiratory Exchange Ratio (Rer) With Oral Versus Oronasal Breathing After Sports Drink Mouth Rinse, Meeshti Shethia, Edward Merritt

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The ratio of carbon dioxide produced to oxygen consumed, the respiratory exchange ratio (RER), is often used to determine the balance of carbohydrate and fat oxidation during exercise. However, introducing carbohydrates into the mouth and pharynx could possibly influence the value while not actually changing the whole-body metabolism. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine if a sports drink mouth rinse during steady-state (SS) exercise affects RER. METHODS: Eleven participants exercised at steady state in 4 different, randomized conditions while respiratory gases were analyzed: 1) Breathing through the mouth after water rinse; 2), breathing through the mouth …

Investigation Of Eating Disorder Risk And Body Image Dissatisfaction Among Female Competitive Cheerleaders, Allison B. Smith, Jennifer L. Gay, Eva V. Monsma, Shawn M. Arent Phd, Cscs*D, Fissn, Facsm, Fnak, Mark A. Sarzynski Ph.D., Faha, Facsm, Dawn M. Emerson Ph.D., Lat, Atc, Toni Torres-Mcgehee Phd, Lat, Atc

Faculty Publications

Social agents associated with cheerleading environments are increasingly linked to body image dissatisfaction (BID) and eating disorders (ED). This study examined ED risk across team type, squad type, and position. An additional purpose determined BID in clothing type (daily clothing, midriff uniform, and full uniform), and meta-perceptions from the perspective of peers (MP peers), parents (MP parents), and coaches (MP coaches). Female cheerleaders (n = 268) completed an online survey which included demographics, the Eating Attitudes Test-26, and pathogenic behavior questions. Body image perceptions were assessed by using the Sex-Specific Figural Stimuli Silhouettes. Overall, 34.4% of cheerleaders (n …

Problems Of Training Qualified Personnel For The Sphere Of Physical Culture And Sports, Abdimalik Nurullaevich Shopulatov

Eurasian Journal of Sport Science

Purpose: To study the issues aimed at increasing the knowledge and experience in the effective use of physical culture and sports in the restoration of public health, as well as to analyze the work being done to train qualified personnel in the field of physical culture and sports and identify problems.

Methods: Methods such as analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical observation, questionnaire were used in the study.

Results: From the research it was revealed that today it is important to develop the knowledge of the population on physical education and sports, that is, to create educational and scientific …

Practical Results And Actual Problems Of Professional Retraining And Advanced Training Of Specialists In Physical Culture And Sports, Ilhomjon Akhmedovich Tursunaliev

Eurasian Journal of Sport Science

Aim: The article reveals the essence of the Center Of Scientifically-Methodical Providing For Retraining And Professional Development Of Specialists In Physical Culture And Sport, and the practical work carried out in its branches for professional retraining, advanced training of specialists in physical culture and sports, as well as current problems waiting to be solved in this area.

Methods: For our part, the following method was used in the article, including the Center Of Scientifically-Methodical Providing For Retraining And Professional Development Of Specialists In Physical Culture And Sport for 2018-2020 and its branches developed a comparative analysis of the number of …

Relationship Of General Athletic Performance Markers To Intra-Team Ranking Of Sport Performance, Steven Keith Scruggs Ii

Theses and Dissertations

A foundational principle in sport science involves applying an evidence-based approach to training and development of athletes. The primary objective is to provide an effective training program, while monitoring general athletic performance (GAP) development (i.e., athlete-monitoring), ensuring intended adaptations are occurring. Much of the literature has focused on GAP markers (e.g., physical qualities related to strength, speed, power, agility, and endurance) which are only suggested to influence competitive sport performance (SP) outcomes (e.g., yards per carry, batting average, hitting percentage, rank or placement, etc.; B. Alejo, personal communication, July 13, 2019). This gap in the literature should be filled via …