Health and Physical Education Commons^™

The Reluctance Of Physical Education Teachers To Teach In Special Education Schools From The Perspective Of Physical Education Students: Causes And Solutions, Noor T. Abu Sneneh, Rafi H. Asfour Dr., Tariq G. Raja Dr.

International Journal for Research in Education

This study aimed to examine why physical education teachers are reluctant to teach in special education schools from the perspective of physical education students at Birzet University. It also sought to explore possible solutions to this issue. A mixed-methods approach (quantitative and qualitative) was used, with a random sample of 110 physical education students (both male and female) and a purposive sample of five faculty members from the Department of Physical Education. Data were collected through questionnaires and interviews and analyzed using appropriate statistical and qualitative methods. The results showed that the level of reluctance among physical education teachers to …

Evaluating Rate Of Perceived Exertion And Heart Rate In High School Weight Training Students For Assessing, Enhancing, And Maintaining Health-Related Fitness, Nicholas Searcy

Theses and Dissertations

This mixed-methods study evaluated the relationship between rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and heart rate (HR) among high school weight-training students during circuit training sessions. The purpose of this study was to determine whether RPE could serve as a practical method for gauging moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) among high school weight-training students while allowing students to assess and enhance their health-related components of fitness. Participants were high school students enrolled in weight-training classes who completed upper- and lower-body circuit training sessions over a 4-week period, or a total of 16 school days. RPE was self-reported using Borg’s CR10 …

Across The Pond, Across The Waistline: A Comparative Look At The Childhood Obesity Crisis In The United States And United Kingdom, Samantha N. Eales

Honors College Theses

Childhood obesity is no longer just a local concern; it’s a global epidemic shaping the health of future generations. This paper compares how two similar nations with drastically different healthcare systems, the United States and the United Kingdom, tackle this growing crisis. Although both countries struggle with fast food culture, sedentary lifestyles, and targeted marketing, their health policy strategies differ dramatically. The U.S. leans on community programs and education, while the U.K. enforces stronger national regulations and advertising restrictions. By examining nutrition, physical activity, and policy, this thesis explores what each country does well and where they fall short. It …

Optimizing The Challenge: A Study On Promoting Intrinsic Motivation In Youth Physical Activity, Fan Zhang Dr.

Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion

This study investigates the intricate relationship between intrinsic motivation and various factors within the context of physical education (PE) among high school students. Drawing upon Self-Determination Theory as a conceptual framework, the study aims to unravel the influence of perceived challenge, perceptions towards physical activity (PA) during PE, personal characteristics, gender differences, PA levels, and their interactions on students' intrinsic motivation in PE.

A quantitative approach was adopted, utilizing surveys including the Challenge Scale, Intrinsic Motivation Inventory, Relatedness Scale, and Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents. Data was collected from a convenience sample of 92 high school students from Great Crossing …

Desirability Of Dape: K-12 Administrators Ideal Pe Teachers Candidates And Their Licensure Areas, Dillon R. Martinez, Steve Baule, Ray Martinez

Essays in Education

Abstract In response to persistent teacher shortages in the United States, exacerbated by specific content areas' scarcity, this article explores the desirability of teachers holding licenses in Developmentally Adaptive Physical Education (DAPE) alongside traditional Physical Education (PE) qualifications. A survey conducted among school administrators in Minnesota and Wisconsin reveals that administrators highly favor PE teachers with DAPE licensure, with 88% of respondents expressing a preference for candidates with this dual qualification. This preference arises from the perceived versatility and enhanced value these educators bring to school districts, addressing multiple challenges such as teacher shortages and meeting diverse student needs. The …

The Voices Of Physical Education Teachers: Its Pressure, Measure, And Treasure In Delivering Instruction In Physical Education, Carla Jobelle Culajara

Indonesian Journal of Research in Physical Education, Sport, and Health

The study shed light on addressing the challenges, coping strategies, and instructional approaches of Physical Education teachers. The study employed a qualitative research design using phenomenological, which was participated by 8 PE teachers working as secondary public school teachers in the Philippines. Purposive sampling was used to choose the participants to answer the study's objectives. To determine the results, coding and themes were utilized. There were four emerging themes based on the study's results: challenges in accessibility and availability, students’ interest, continuous personal and professional development, and differentiated teaching approaches. With the new normal of education, there were adjustments in …

Teachers Perceptions, Practices, And Needs Toward Inclusion In Physical Education, Adriana E. Lucero

Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences ETDs

Central Tasks of Learning to Teach provided the theoretical framework for the first study involving one in-service elementary physical educator teaching integrated classes while reflecting on three major stages of the teacher’s career, (1) the preservice, (2) the induction, and (3) the continuing professional development periods. Data revealed the following four themes: (a) authentic field experiences in immersive environments; (b) practice teaching in integrated settings enhanced self-confidence; (c) comprehensive and in-depth knowledge of students; and (d) disposition toward support when teaching and professional work outside of the teaching space. The Situated Expectancy-Value Theory provided the theoretical underpinning to our second …

The Effect Of Physical Activity Courses On The Motivation For Physical Activity In College Students: A Scoping Review, Erica Fauste Waizenhofer Hill

Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion

The lack of physical activity and exercise participation has been an ongoing
problem for young adults aged 18-24. Universities and colleges worldwide offer a variety of required and elective physical activity courses for college credit to increase active participation in lifelong healthy lifestyles. This scoping review collected studies on college students’ motivation to participate in physical activity. The courses were taught using methods based on motivational theories. The authors of the studies collected information from the students before and after the classes to gather data on the theoretical framework’s effect on the students, if any. This review compiles this information, …

Parent Satisfaction Of Daily Organized Physical Education For Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Cody Mills

Master's Theses

Daily structured physical education programming should be protected to support the achievement of goals set within an individual education plan (IEP) for students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). To ensure this is a priority, parent satisfaction is necessary to prioritize a healthy partnership between home and school. The objective of this research study is to identify the level of parent/guardian satisfaction in school-based and community-based daily organized physical education provided for children with autism. The research will determine if parents/guardians are wholly satisfied with the programming provided by their child’s school, or if greater satisfaction is attained when parents outsource …

Evaluation Of The Throw-Catch Assessment, Bryan Terlizzi

Theses and Dissertations

Motor competence assessment has been characterized by the evaluation of motor skill performance in closed performance contexts that lack task and environmental constraints reflective of real-world contexts. In contrast, the throw-catch (TC) assessment employs a dynamic task environment that allows performers to adapt over multiple trials to evaluate the degree of skilled performance via demonstration of a flexible and adaptable repertoire of both throwing and catching actions. The purpose of this dissertation was to investigate the developmental validity of the TC, as well as the content validity of the TC in terms of assessing throwing skillfulness.

Performance of the TC …

Preparing Paraprofessionals To Be Effective In Physical Education, Chelsey Lieffring

Dissertations, Theses, and Projects

Students with autism often struggle in their physical education class due to the complex needs that arise in a gymnasium. When the TEACCH (Treatment and Education of Autistic and Communication Handicapped Children) program is implemented, students are engaged with their peers and are able to be successful in a challenging environment through visual schedules, physical structure, and task organization. It’s important that paraprofessionals and physical education teachers are aware of this programming in order to decrease challenging behaviors and increase student success in the physical education setting.

Paraprofessionals are such a vital part of the special education team. They are …

Studying Wash-Out During Professional Socializaton, Christopher Mellor

Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences ETDs

Teacher washout can disrupt teacher effectiveness and undermine the espoused pedagogy in teacher education programs. Teacher washout occurs once an individual occupies a teaching role after formal training but corresponds with the potency of teacher education programs and K-12 experiences. Teacher washout literature is limited and does not address the socialization process of formal training. The following two hybrid dissertation studies examine washout, wash-in, and never washed-in. By doing so, we can expand the definition of washout and gain helpful insights on the perceptions of pre-service teachers. Implications from these studies provide faculty with proposals for change to decrease the …

An Examination Of High School Physical Education Teachers Support Of Students’ Physical Activity Self-Efficacy, Ken Murfay

Theses and Dissertations--Education Sciences

Providing students with experiences to increase their confidence (self-efficacy) to be physically active is important because of the many health benefits associated with physical activity (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services [USDHHS], 2020). Several studies have shown that physical activity (PA) tends to decline as students age (Cooper et al., 2015; Metcalf et al., 2015; Troiano et al., 2008) and the largest declines usually occur in adolescence (Sallis, 2000). It is recommended that physical education (PE) serve as an intervention to promote PA and provide students with experiences to increase motor competence and PA knowledge (Weiss, 2013). Interventions within …

An Exploration Of Mosston’S Spectrum Of Teaching Styles In Athletic Training Education., Dominique M. Ross, Aimee M. Pascale

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Athletic training educators teach in didactic, laboratory and clinical settings, all requiring an array of pedagogical strategies to effectively instruct students. Mosston’s Spectrum of Teaching Styles is a theoretical framework to support pedagogical decision making in physical education. The purpose of the commentary is to examine teaching styles from Mosston’s Spectrum in the context of athletic training education. A general introduction, review of comparative literature and practical application to athletic training education is provided for each of the eleven teaching styles. The examination and application of educational theory from other disciplines may provide athletic training educators additional resources to enhance …

Developing Social-Emotional Learning In Physical Education Through Appropriate Instructional Practices, David C. Barney, Keven A. Prusak, Liana Davis

Faculty Publications

Social-emotional learning (SEL) has become an important topic in education. SEL is also important in physical education (PE). The nature of PE has students learning in the affective, cognitive, and psychomotor domains, thus providing many opportunities for SEL. And who facilitates SEL? The PE teacher has the opportunity to provide games, activities, and experiences to assist and strengthen their students’ SEL by implementing appropriate instructional practices (AIP) in PE. This article will highlight a number of AIP that PE teachers can implement to develop their students’ SEL.

Two Studies Of Inclusive And Augmented Physical Education, Matthew Patey

Theses and Dissertations

Students with disabilities participate in inclusive education, to some degree. Unfortunately, students with disabilities often feel feelings of marginalization, social isolation, failure, and othering. Students without disabilities graduating high school today are less empathic than students who graduated in the 1970’s. This dissertation delves into the empirical literature on how school-age students perceive inclusive physical education, through a systematic literature (Study 1), as well as how a students and adults in a high school perceive and experience an augmented physical education program, through an exploratory case study (Study 2).

In Study 1, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and …

The Influence Of Culturally Relevant Curriculum And Student Engagement In Physical Education, Miriam I. Varela Ms., Kim Maljak

SPACE: Student Perspectives About Civic Engagement

Studies have shown there is a discrepancy of physical activity between lower socioeconomic status (SES), urban communities and those with higher median household incomes. Using the cultural relevance cycle as a framework, which consists of three core ideas 1) knowing community dynamics, 2) knowing how community dynamics influence educational processes, and 3) implementing strategies that reflect cultural knowledge, I observed a Chicago Public School for a service learning project and interacted with a number of faculty, students, and community members. I was able to identify three themes that correlated with the cultural relevance theory and were a direct influence in …

A Qualitative Investigation Of Middle School Students' Perceptions Of Appropriate Instructional Practices In Physical Education, David C. Barney

Faculty Publications

For many middle school (MS) students they have been exposed to many inappropriate instructional practices in physical education (PE). This involvement and exposure to these inappropriate instructional practices become common occurrences, thus in their mind this is what is supposed to happen in their PE class. The purpose of this study was to better understand MS student’s perceptions and attitudes to appropriate instructional practices (AIP) in their PE classes. It was generally found from student interviews that dodge ball is appropriate to play in PE class, wearing prescribed clothing (school shirt) will earn and easy ‘A’ in PE class, and …

Parents Of Students With Disabilities Views In Learning Physical Education In Special Needs School, Dena Widyawan, Amung Ma'mun, Berliana Rahely, Yudy Hendrayana

The Qualitative Report

The objective of this study was to find out the experience and parents’ participation in Physical Education from the view of the parents of students with disabilities. This study applied a hermeneutic phenomenological qualitative method. The sample of this study was parents of students with disabilities in Special Needs School. 5 people (3 men, 2 women) who were selected as a sample using the purposeful sampling technique. The instrument was used from a previous study which used Seidman’s interviewing guidelines (Seidman, 1998). The findings show that that parents were actively involved in students’ learning in the various environments: at home, …

Ngos As Learning Organizations: Evaluating Female Sports Development In Jordan Through The Lens Of Women’S Soccer, Saede Eifrig

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

This Independent Study Project (ISP) explores how NGO programs measure the success of their impact on female sports development in Jordan and the impact thereof on improving women’s opportunities in sport. This research relies on several theories, including Sport for Development theory (Lyras and Welty Peachey, 2011), organizational learning and learning organizations (Roper and Pettit, 2002), and monitoring and evaluation (Peters, 2016) to discover the effect of NGO programs on women's sport development in Jordan. It centers on the intersection of gender, social expectations, and non-governmental work for development. This paper aims to answer the following questions: Roper and Pettit …

Teacher Biography: Solo Analysis Of Preservice Teachers’ Reflections Of Their Experiences In Physical Education, John E. Haynes, Frances Quinn, Judith A. Miller

Australian Journal of Teacher Education

Teacher biography, as a reflective practice, was implemented in the context of Physical Education in a primary teacher education course at a regional Australian university. Second year students were asked to provide descriptions of a critical incident they experienced at the primary or secondary level in a Physical Education or sporting context (N=214). Their responses comprised the data for this study and the Structure of Observed Learning Outcomes (SOLO) Model was used to determine the levels of complexity of the responses to ‘alternatives for action’ associated with these incidents. More responses were multistructural (48%), than relational (24%), and unistructural (23%), …

Physical Education Teacher Education (Pete) Majors' Perceptions And Opinions Of Appropriate Instructional Practices: A Qualitative Approach, David C. Barney, Liana Davis

Faculty Publications

Physical education (PE) teachers are responsible for helping students learn in their classes. Unfortunately, many students have been exposed to games and activities that were inappropriate, thus negatively affecting their learning in PE class. Inappropriate instructional practices have been a common occurrence for many students. One group that can help curb the inclusion of inappropriate instructional practices are Physical Education Teacher Education (PETE) majors. This study investigated PETE majors’ beliefs of certain instructional practices that have been implemented in PE games and activities. Many of the instructional practices were inappropriate. The PETE majors’ felt that dodge ball, relay games, and …

Implementasi Pendidikan Jasmani Dalam International Primary Curriculum, Kristanto Adi Nugroho, Agus Kristiyanto, Muchsin Doewes

Jurnal Keolahragaan

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui keterkaitan dan implementasi pendidikan jasmani dalam International Primary Curriculum (IPC) sebagai salah satu kurikulum internasional. IPC adalah kurikulum yang komprehensif, tematik, dinamis dan berwawasan global. Pelaksanaan kurikulum terstruktur dan terencana memungkinkan siswa untuk beradaptasi dengan tantangan global di masa mendatang. Metode penelitian adalah metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian, pelaksanaan pendidikan jasmani di IPC telah ditentukan oleh sekolah melalui data dengan pemutakhiran terbaru. Tema yang dipilih kemudian disesuaikan dengan tujuan sekolah, budaya lokal, kebutuhan siswa. Kesimpulannya adalah IPC sangat dinamis sehingga dapat diselaraskan untuk mencapai tujuan sekolah yang ingin dicapai dengan menyesuaikan budaya budaya lokal, …

Inappropriate Practices In Physical Education: The Top Eight Repeat Offenders, David C. Barney, Keven A. Prusak, Brad Strand, Robert Christenson

Faculty Publications

The National Association of Sport and Physical Education (NASPE) have created three documents (elementary, middle school and high school) to guide physical educators in appropriate instructional practices (AIP) in physical education. The purpose of these documents is to aid physical educators in exposing their students to lessons and activities that will enable them to be successful in physical education classes and physical activity. Unfortunately, many students have been exposed to such activities as dodge ball, having captains picking teams in front of the whole class, and many others. This paper is a review of research dealing with appropriate instructional practices …

High School Physical Education And Its Effects On Fitness Center Participation After Graduation: A Case Study, David C. Barney, Nathan Kahaialii

Faculty Publications

For those that send off their child into the world, it is hoped they will recall what was taught to them. This applies to high school (HS) physical education (PE) teachers and their students that graduate from HS. The purpose of this case study was to assess current HS PE teachers, fitness club personnel, those that frequent fitness clubs and current HS students regarding HS PE preparing HS students for real world application regarding fitness. Participants from these four groups were interviewed to help better understand the preparation of graduated HS students participating in health clubs. From this case study …

The Attitudes Of Saudi Teachers Toward Teaching Physical Education For Girls At Public Schools In Jeddah, Turki H. Samargandi

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate the attitudes of Saudi teachers towards teaching PE for girls at public schools in Jeddah city and to explore the factors that may affect these attitudes. The researcher explored the reasons behind the PE ban for girls in these schools. The number of participants was Four hundred and sixty-two teachers who completed the survey (N = 462). T-Test and One-Way ANNOVA were the two methods to analyze the data collected.

The results indicated that about 95.1% of them agreed that regular practice of physical education can affect positively the appearance and the …

Analyzing Physical Education Teacher Behavior Using Systematic Observation, Seth T. Eckler

Theses and Dissertations--Education Sciences

Introduction: Experts in the field have advocated that quality physical education (QPE) is the centerpiece of a comprehensive school physical education program (CSPAP). Evidence-based programs and instructional models have shown great promise in increasing the physical activity (PA) of today’s youth. However, little is known about the specific impact of teaching behaviors (TB) used within these programs and their impact on student outcomes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to use a systematic observation method that is primarily focused on analyzing TBs that are displayed in class, identify TBs that may contribute to positive student activity outcomes, and make …

Physical Educator Perceptions Of Professional Development: A Phenomenological Study, Eric T. Moore

Theses and Dissertations--Education Sciences

The objective of this study was to explore the perceptions physical educators had of a phenomenon: professional development (PD). Specifically, the study sought to understand the following question: how do physical educators perceive PD? Said in the spirit of phenomenological research, this study aimed to explore the lived experience of PD from the perspective of elementary physical education teachers. Subsequent research questions included: (a) How do physical educators perceive PD in relation to their physical education program’s role in public health?; (b) What perceptions, including potential barriers and facilitators, do physical educators have of PD?; and (c) In what ways …

Relationship Between Physical Activity And Stress Among Junior High School Students In The Physical Education Environment, David C. Barney, Frank Pleban, Terrance Lewis

Faculty Publications

The study purpose was to explore grade level differences (7^th, 8^th, and 9^th) among junior high school students’ perception of participation in physical education class on individual environmental stress. Physical activity’s role as a stress reduction tool has been well documented. However, physical activity as a stressful event in the school and physical education environment has been less established; particularly in junior high school students. Study participants were comprised of 872 junior high school students, 585 males (67%) and 287 females (33%), enrolled in four junior high schools. Stratified by grade, 315 7^{th …}

Play It Forward: Cooperative Learning & Structured Play During Recess, Tyler Elwin, Mary Rossi

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Cooperative learning and structured play (CLASP) are two things that have gone unappreciated in the modern educational setting. This is an important issue for many local low-income schools as the dropout rate is so high. CLASP ideals come with a wide array of positive outcomes that look to brighten the futures of affected youth. CLASP provides an incredible number of scholarly benefits: increased school involvement, higher GPA, improved interpersonal relationships, increased ability to work as a team, etc. This capstone identifies these critical benefits and addresses the best way to properly utilize CLASP within the school setting. The three primary …