Accounting Commons^™

Preparer Opposition And Strategic Implementation Of Governmental Accounting Standards: Evidence From Public Pension Accounting Reform, Abigail Allen, Reining C. Petacchi

Faculty Publications

Widely acknowledged as one of the most controversial standards in governmental accounting, GASB 67/68 radically altered both the recognition and measurement for defined benefit public pensions. The standards require the recognition of previously only disclosed unfunded pension liabilities and increase the magnitude of reported pension liabilities by requiring the partial incorporation of a market-based discount rate. While the recognition proposal was unaltered from its initial conception to the final standards, the discount rate proposal was significantly attenuated after the initial proposal met with unanimous preparer opposition. Accordingly, we examine what incentives drive preparer lobbying positions, whether such lobbying is aligned …

Do Auditors’ Incentives Affect Materiality Assessments Of Prior-Period Misstatements?*, Brant E. Christensen, Roy Schmardebeck, Timothy Seidel

Faculty Publications

We examine whether auditors' incentives affect materiality assessments of prior-period misstatements. Interviews with global network firm partners reveal consistency across firms in the process used to assess prior-period misstatements and highlight points in the process where judgments are most susceptible to auditors’ conscious or subconscious biases. In related empirical tests, we find that auditors assess misstatements as less material (i.e., misstatements are disclosed less prominently) when auditors face greater engagement risk (comprised of the risk of litigation and reputation loss) or have greater incentives to please important clients. These effects only occur when auditor incentives to avoid further litigation or …

Fairness And Luck: Contract Away Or Come What May?, H. Scott Asay, Jace Garrett, William B. Tayler

Faculty Publications

In practice, managers and employees often enter into risky, uncertain contracts. Prior works shows that managers use ex post discretion to reduce the effect of uncontrollable “bad luck” on employees’ performance-based compensation, but do not use ex post discretion to reduce the effect of uncontrollable “good luck,” due to fairness concerns. We investigate whether ex ante, objective compensation plans can help address the fairness concerns that lead to this asymmetric treatment of uncontrollable events. We provide evidence that compensation plans that account for uncontrollable factors can reduce differences between individuals’ fairness perceptions in good and bad luck settings. However, controlling …

The Effects Of A Second-Chance Exam Policy In A Large-Enrollment Introductory Accounting Course, Melissa Larson, William B. Tayler, Jared R. Stark

Faculty Publications

Using a quasi-experimental design, we compare two semesters of an introductory accounting course to evaluate the impact of a second-chance exam policy (SCEP) on student performance and anxiety, analyzing data from 1,986 students. The SCEP, allowing two additional attempts at exams capped at 80 percent credit, significantly improved academic outcomes and decreased perceived test anxiety. Specifically, students during the SCEP semester experienced an average increase of 4.46 percent in exam scores (p < 0.01), a 3.37 percent increase in course percentage points (p < 0.01), and a GPA increase of 0.21 (p < 0.01). Notably, women experienced greater improvements than men in measured academic outcomes. Our findings suggest that SCEPs can be an effective intervention to increase academic performance and reduce anxiety. We also examine an SCEP’s effect on preparation for exam first attempts and find that students perform better on a first attempt with an SCEP.

Perceptions Of Robotic Process Automation In Big 4 Public Accounting Firms: Do Firm Leaders And Lower-Level Employees Agree?, Lauren A. Cooper, D. Kip Holderness, Trevor L. Sorensen, David A. Wood

Faculty Publications

The use of Robotic Process Automation (RPA) is a recent innovation in the public accounting industry, and the Big 4 firms are at the forefront of its implementation. This paper examines how the adoption and use of RPA is affecting the perceived work experience of firm leaders and lower-level employees at Big 4 accounting firms. We interview 14 RPA leaders, survey 139 lower-level employees, and compare and contrast their responses. We find that the two groups generally agree that RPA is having a positive influence on the profession. Both groups believe that RPA is positively changing the work employees perform …

The Influence Of Management’S Internal Audit Experience On Earnings Management, Matthew Ege, Timothy Seidel, Mikhail Sterin, David A. Wood

Faculty Publications

We examine whether firms with managers that have prior internal audit experience are less likely to manage earnings. This examination is important because the internal audit function is uniquely positioned to provide experiences that could influence future managerial behavior, including limiting the potential negative repercussions of earnings management. We find that firms with managers that have internal audit experience are associated with lower real earnings management but not accruals-based earnings management. Effects are strongest when managers with internal audit experience have greater power or currently hold financial roles, or when there are a greater number of managers with internal audit …

Publication Benchmarking Data Based On Faculty Promoted At The Top 200 Worldwide Accounting Research Institutions, Jared S. Moon, Scott L. Summers, Nathan J. Waddoups, David A. Wood

Faculty Publications

The primary purpose of this paper is to update and extend past promotion benchmarking studies. We update prior benchmarking studies by providing publication benchmarking data for faculty promoted between 2013 and 2019, inclusive. We extend prior benchmarking studies by evaluating a larger number of institutions (the top 200 worldwide accounting institutions), using a more global journal list, and providing sensitivity analyses between journal lists. We group institutions based on rankings and report a possible minimum publication hurdle for each group in each journal category. In addition, we provide data on the mix, or percentage, of publications in each journal category …

Internal Auditors’ Role In Organizational Innovation: A Social Network Perspective, Margaret H. Christ, Anna Eulerich, Marc Eulerich, David A. Wood

Faculty Publications

Organizations use innovations to adapt, grow their business, and differentiate themselves from their competitors. However, innovations can introduce new risks to the organization that the internal audit function (IAF) should address. We interview and survey internal auditors about how they respond to innovations, such as the use of emerging technologies, adopted by their organizations. We find that social network theory provides a useful lens through which to interpret our interview results and to guide our survey development and analysis. In particular, we find that the embeddedness of the internal auditors with management, but not with the audit committee, is a …

Influence Of The Cpa Credential On The Life Satisfaction Of University Of Northern Iowa Accounting Alumni, Derek Richard Koppes

Honors Program Theses

This paper aims to explore the relationship between obtaining a CPA as a University of Northern Iowa accounting graduate and measures of life satisfaction. In this study, survey data were collected from a random sample of University of Northern Iowa accounting graduates. The research suggests that graduates who obtained the CPA credential have higher levels of life satisfaction. Accounting students at the University of Northern Iowa for years to come stand to benefit greatly from this research because the results of this study provide more insight into the favorable outcomes that are enjoyed by accounting alumni who elected to pursue …

An Examination Of Fraud From Three Perspectives: The Perpetrator, The Whistleblower, And The Examiner, Ali Abdullah Alhasan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation is made up of three studies that look at fraud from three different perspectives. The first study looks at fraud from the perspective of the perpetrator. The second study examines fraud from the whistleblower’s perspective. The third study studies fraud from the perspective of the investigator (internal auditor).

Study one utilized an online experiment via Amazon Mechanical Turk (M-Turk) to look at whether technology has a psychological distancing effect on humans, and how that may affect individuals to commit fraud. In addition, the study also examines how one’s familiarity with technology, measured via iPhone screen time, can moderate …

The Relationship Between Perceived Fairness In Executive Compensation And Managerial Behavior, Kainan Xiong

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

This dissertation examines the relationship between the perceived fairness in executive compensation and the level of earnings management on the one hand and the propensity for voluntary turnover on the other. Executive compensation has attracted significant academic attention for more than two decades. The ratcheting-up of executive pay raises questions about its determinants and whether the pay-setting process effectively promotes managerial behavior that aligns with the interests of shareholders. Alternatively, executives may simply extract rents at the expense of shareholders because of the informational advantage that they have and their influence over the board of directors, particularly the compensation committee …

Three Essays On The Impacts Of Tax Planning And Earnings Management On The Informativeness Of Taxable Income, Book Income, And Cash Flows From Operations, Yong Qiang Chen

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

This dissertation comprises three independent but highly related essays that investigate the effects of tax planning and/or earnings management. The first essay investigates how high tax planning and/or aggressive earnings management affect the relative and incremental value-relevant information of taxable income, book income, and cash flows from operations (CFO). Regarding the effects of tax planning, first, I postulate and show that high tax planning reduces the relative and incremental information of taxable income to CFO. Second, high tax planning increases the relative and incremental information of CFO to the combined information set of taxable income and book income. Third, high …

Value Relevance Of Sustainability Report: Evidence From Indonesia, I Dewa Made Endiana, Ni Nyoman Ayu Suryandari

Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia

This present study aimed at providing empirical evidence of whether sustainability report has value relevance for investors in buying or selling shares and affects firm value. This study used two research models. The first research model was used to examine the effect of book value and earnings on firm value. The second research model was used to examine the effect of sustainability report on firm value and define the value relevance of sustainability report. The samples of this study were 306 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2017-2020. As a result, this study found that sustainability report is …

Is Mandatory Sustainability Report Still Beneficial?, Astrid Rudyanto

Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia

The latest regulations in Indonesia (SEOJK No 16/SEOJK.04/2021) have required public companies to make a sustainability report every year in order to increase sustainable in­vestment. Prior to this regulation, several public companies had made sustainability reports and received benefits of sustainability report. This makes issuers ask whether after being obligated, public companies still get the benefits that have been obtained from voluntary sustainability reports and under what conditions the mandatory sustainability reports are beneficial for public companies. This study answers the public companies' doubts by con­ducting a systematic literature review on research on mandatory and voluntary sustainability reports in Q1 …

Text Contention Behind Sharia Supervisory Board Reports: A Critical Discourse Analysis, Ari Ermawati, M Nur A Birton, Irfan Tarmizi, Muhammad Muttaqin

Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia

Sharia Supervisory Board Reports (SSBRs) have an interest in convincing the public that entities supervised by a Sharia Supervisory Board (SSB) are sharia-compliant and reflective of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) practices. Failure in public convincing will be detrimental to Islamic banks’ reputation as well as the SSB’s image and credibility. This study aimed to critically assess how the SSB produces reports as texts to persuade the public using Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). We analyzed four SSBRs from two Islamic Commercial Banks (ICBs) and two Islamic Business Units (IBUs) owned by other ICBs as well as interviews for data triangulation. We …

The Effect Of Personal And Situational Factors On The Intention Of Whistleblowing With Moderated Legal Protection, Daisar Rahman, Nur Hayati

Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia

This research is to determine the effectiveness of legal protection in strengthening the relationship between attitude toward behavior, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, the seriousness of wrongdoing, status of the wrongdoer, and reward with whistleblowing intentions. The population in this research was civil servants who were Regional Inspectors in all regencies in Madura. The sampling technique in this study was purposive sampling consisting of 104 civil servants who had functional positions as auditors, staffing auditors, or supervisors of regional government (P2UPD). Data was collected by distributing questionnaires directly to the respondents. The data analysis technique used in this study was …

The Effect Of Ceo Characteristics On Pre-Earnings Management Profitability, Adhitya Agri Putra

Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia

This research aims to examine the effect of CEO characteristics on pre-earnings manage­ment profitability. CEO characteristics include gender, tenure, age, education level, founding-family status, and nationality. Pre-earnings management profitability is measured by return on assets minus discretionary accruals. Data analysis uses firm and year fixed-effect regression analysis. The result shows that female CEO, longer tenure CEO, CEO with higher education levels, and foreign CEO increase firms' profitability without engaging in earnings management. On the other hand, there is no effect of CEO age and founding-family status on pre-earnings management profitability. This research contributes to filling the gap of inconsistent previous …

تآكل الاحتياطيات الأجنبية ما بين دوافع نافذة البيع وتغطية متطلبات الاستيراد وتراجع دورة الموارد المالية في العراق للمدة (2014-2018), مصطفى راشد علي, محسن خضير عباس

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

يمتلك البنك المركزي العراقي الاحتياطيات الاجنبية الناجمة عن شراء الدولار من وزارة المالية وتزويدها بالدينار العراقي لإنفاقه على بنود الموازنة العامة، اذ ان معظم واردات وزارة المالية هي بالعملة الاجنبية ومعظم نفقاتها بالدينار العراقي، فتقوم وزارة المالية بيع الدولار الى البنك المركزي، الذي يتولى اعادة بيعه الى القطاع الخاص للحصول على الدينار، اذ يغطي القطاع الخاص استيراداته بالدولار المشترى، فضلاً عن تغطية الطلبات الاخرى، فعندما يكون الطلب على الدولار اقل مما يحصل عليه البنك المركزي يذهب الفائض الى احتياطي العملة الاجنبية، وعندما يكون الطلب على الدولار اكبر من المورد الاجنبي المتاح يستخدم احتياطي العملة الاجنبية لتغطية العجز، لذلك يزداد الاحتياطي …

اثر الصمت التنظيمي على جودة الخدمة الصحية: دراسة تحليلية في مستشفى الديوانية التعليمي, صباح حسين شناوة الزيادي

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

تناولت هذه الدراسة اثر الصمت التنظيمي على جودة الخدمة الصحية ، إذ حاولت تقديم إطار نظري لبعض مما طرحه الكتاب والباحثين حول متغيري الدراسة ، إلى جانب إطار عملي تحليلي لآراء عينة من العاملين في مستشفى الديوانية التعليمي ( أطباء ، صيادلة ، مهن صحية وإدارية) بلغت ( 70) شخصا ، بالإضافة الى عينة من المرضى بلغت ( (80 مريض. وقد تم التعبير عن الصمت التنظيمي بوصفه متغيراً مستقلاً من خلال أبعاده الثلاثة (صمت الإذعان , الصمت الدفاعي , الصمت الاجتماعي) . في حين تم اعتماد جودة الخدمة الصحية بعدَها متغيراً معتمداً . واعتمد الباحث الاستبانة كأداة رئيسة لقياس متغيرات …

أهمية التكلفة الشاملة لدورة حياة المنتج في تخفيض التكاليف باستعمال هندسة القيمة والتحسين المستمر, حذام فالح جيجان

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

يهدف البحث الى بيان المرتكزات المعرفية لبعض اساليب الادارة الاستراتيجية للتكلفة وهي التكلفة الشاملة لدورة حياة المنتج ، هندسة القيمة والتحسين المستمر مع بيان اهمية التكلفة الشاملة الدورة حياة المنتج في تخفيض تكلفة دورة حياة المنتج من خلال تطبيق هندسة القيمة والتحسين المستمر. لتحقيق هدف الدراسة تم إجراء دراسة تطبيقة على منتج سخان بابل الكهربائي ۱۲۰ لتر الذي تنتجه الشركة العامة للصناعات الكهربائية والالكترونية احدى شركات وزارة الصناعة والمعادن ، حيث تم تطبيق منهج التكلفة الشاملة لدورة حياة المنتج لاحتساب كلفة دورة حياة السخان كما تم استخدام هندسة القيمة والتحسين المستمر لتخفيض كلفة المنتج . وتوصل البحث الى إن تطبيق …