Impacts Of Climate Change And Its Uncertainties On The Renewable Energy Generation And Energy Demand In Urban Areas,
2018
Lund University, Queensland University of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology
Impacts Of Climate Change And Its Uncertainties On The Renewable Energy Generation And Energy Demand In Urban Areas, Vahid M. Nik, Yuchen Yang, Bijan Adl-Zarrabi
International Building Physics Conference 2018
This work investigates the effects of future climate uncertainties in calculating the heating and cooling demand of buildings and estimating potentials for renewable energy generation (solar PV and wind). The building stock of Lund in Sweden is considered for energy simulations and for future climate, the most recent outputs of RCA4, which is the 4th generation of the Rossby Centre regional climate model (RCM), is used considering several two representative concentration pathways (RCPs) and four global climate models (GCMs). Simulations and assessment are performed for three 30-year time periods, from 2010 until 2099. Through comparing distributions of data sets, it …
Comparison Between Qualitative And Quantitative Measurement In Assessing Thermal Comfort In An Elementary School,
2018
Torti Gallas and Partner
Comparison Between Qualitative And Quantitative Measurement In Assessing Thermal Comfort In An Elementary School, Boyu Li, Ming Hu, Greg Goldstein
International Building Physics Conference 2018
We compare qualitative and quantitative measurements to assess an elementary school building’s thermal comfort. Quantitative measurements of the physical environment are useful but not sufficient, since different people respond differently in the same indoor environment. A qualitative survey of the school employees shows the thermal comfort level has a 3.73 out of 7 score and 40% of subjects rated it unsatisfactory, even though the temperature and humidity level are measured within the comfort range recommended by ASHERA 90.1 – 2004. This gap occurs because human metabolism is not taken into account in current design guidelines, even though there is a …
Method For Detecting Contaminant Transport Through Leakages In A Condemned School,
2018
Chalmers University of Technology
Method For Detecting Contaminant Transport Through Leakages In A Condemned School, Fredrik Domhagen, Paula Wahlgren, Carl-Eric Hagentoft
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Many schools in Sweden, have problems with the indoor air, affecting the wellbeing and health of both pupil and teachers. Contaminants in the air, such as mold spores, radon, odors, and VOC, cause problems and it can be difficult to find the contaminant source, in particular if it is within the building construction. The aim of this project is to investigate air leakage paths and pressure differences in a school building with IAQ problems and to analyze how these parameters are related to contaminant transport. An increased knowledge of how contaminants are transported will then form the base for an …
The Impact Of Physical Environments In Satisfaction In Shopping Centers,
2018
Tianjin University
The Impact Of Physical Environments In Satisfaction In Shopping Centers, Rui Dang, Lai Wei, Ye Yuan, Gang Liu
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Lighting, thermal and acoustic are three main components of indoor physical environments affecting people’s satisfaction, productivity and health. Good physical environments in shopping centers not only improve the environment atmosphere but also increase the customers’ satisfaction. This study aims to find correlations between the physical environments and the satisfaction levels. Firstly, an objective measurement of physical environments had been carried out in four shopping centers. Then, a subjective evaluation was carried out in a real scene laboratory by changing four kinds of illuminance and three types of Correlated Color Temperatures (CCTs), which aims to find the relationship between the lighting …
Empirical Assessment Of Summertime Overheating Risk In New, Retrofitted And Existing Uk Dwellings,
2018
Oxford Brookes University
Empirical Assessment Of Summertime Overheating Risk In New, Retrofitted And Existing Uk Dwellings, Rajat Gupta, Matt Gregg, Robert Irving
International Building Physics Conference 2018
This paper statistically assesses the hourly internal summertime temperature datasets gathered during the summer of 2013 (May to September), from 63 dwellings across the UK. The sample consisted of unmodified dwellings (existing); dwellings with varying levels of fabric improvements (retrofitted) and dwellings constructed to higher levels of the Code for Sustainable Homes (new). Indoor and outdoor temperature data from bedrooms and living rooms from these homes were collected at five-minute intervals using temperature sensors. These data were processed and analysed for summertime overheating, using both static criteria (CIBSE Guide A) and the criteria associated with the EN15251 adaptive thermal comfort …
Psychrometer Method To Measure The Moisture Retention Curves Of Porous Building Materials In The Full Humidity Range,
2018
KU Leuven
Psychrometer Method To Measure The Moisture Retention Curves Of Porous Building Materials In The Full Humidity Range, Chi Feng, Maria Fredriksson, Hans Janssen
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Moisture retention curves describe the moisture storage property of porous building materials. Currently available experimental methods for measuring moisture retention curves are often demanding in equipment and moreover not always suited for the adsorption process in most of the capillary moisture content range. This paper proposes a novel and simple technique – the psychrometer method – and validates it by the tests on calcium silicate and ceramic brick. In this experiment the moisture content of the samples experiencing adsorption and desorption processes is determined gravimetrically, while the corresponding capillary pressures in the samples are measured with a chilled-mirror dew-point psychrometer. …
Indoor Air Quality And Thermal Comfort For Elderly Residents In Houston Tx—A Case Study,
2018
Arizona State University
Indoor Air Quality And Thermal Comfort For Elderly Residents In Houston Tx—A Case Study, Amir Baniassadi, David J. Sailor, Cassandra R. Olenick
International Building Physics Conference 2018
The elderly population is more vulnerable to poor indoor environmental quality. They also spend a larger portion of their time indoors than the general public, further exacerbating the associated health risks. As part of a larger study which aims to understand the health risks for the elderly population resulting from extreme heat events in Houston, TX, this study gathered empirical data on thermal comfort and air quality in existing assisted living facilities and in individual homes of the elderly. We made continuous measurements of indoor dry-bulb temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide (CO2) levels and occupancy status in 25 buildings during …
Existing Energy Performance And The Potential Of Simulation In School Buildings – A Review,
2018
University of Maryland
Existing Energy Performance And The Potential Of Simulation In School Buildings – A Review, Ming Hu
International Building Physics Conference 2018
The objective of this paper is to present finding of existing building performance assessment for educational buildings and related energy simulation tools with a focus on K-12 buildings. First, the paper examines the current status of energy performance in educational buildings and existing simulation tools used in building energy retrofit. Then, the paper summarizes the obstacles to conducting energy simulation for school buildings, gaps and weaknesses in existing tools will be summarized, and potential opportunities for a comprehensive tool will be outlined. Last, the paper identifies the particular needs of educational buildings, and a set of criteria and requirements for …
Lighting Simulation For External Venetian Blinds Based On Btdf And Hdr Sky Luminance Monitoring,
2018
´Ecole polytechnique fe´de´rale deLausanne (EPFL)
Lighting Simulation For External Venetian Blinds Based On Btdf And Hdr Sky Luminance Monitoring, Yujie Wu, Je´RˆOme Henri Ka¨Mpf, Jean-Louis Scartezzini
International Building Physics Conference 2018
The precise daylighting simulation in buildings can potentially contribute to designers’ and occupants’ smart utilization of it. The traditional method of employing sky models was indicated with noticeable errors in transient lighting simulation for complex fenestration systems (CFS), due to the mismatch between the real sky and standard sky models. This paper evaluates the performance of a calibrated embedded photometric device based on sky luminance monitoring, capable of real-time on-board lighting computing. Daylighting experiments for external Venetian blinds (EVB) were conducted in a lighting test module to demonstrate its accuracy in the simulation of horizontal work-plane illuminance. The BTDF of …
Comparison Of Daylighting Simulation Workflows And Results Using Plugins For Bim And 3d Modeling Programs: Application On Early Phases Of Design Process,
2018
Federal University of Minas Gerais
Comparison Of Daylighting Simulation Workflows And Results Using Plugins For Bim And 3d Modeling Programs: Application On Early Phases Of Design Process, Marina Da Silva Garcia, Maíra Louise Martins De Freitas, Roberta Vieira Gonçalves De Souza, Ana Carolina De Oliveira Veloso
International Building Physics Conference 2018
The present paper investigated the application of the daylighting analysis features of the Insight BIM plugin, comparatively to DIVA, a plugin for a 3D Nurbs modeling software. Considering the early phases of the design process, workflows, simulation results and processing times were analyzed, focusing on the prediction of static (illuminance level) and dynamic (sDA300,50%) metrics. Simulations on both tools were performed in the context of analyzing the daylight behavior in a deep office room model, with and without light shelves. Results indicate that Insight has limitations compared to DIVA, especially concerning input data configuration flexibility. Simulation results presented significant similarity …
Numerical Analysis Of The Influencing Factors On The Performance Of A Pipe-Embedded Window Operated In Summer,
2018
Tsinghua University
Numerical Analysis Of The Influencing Factors On The Performance Of A Pipe-Embedded Window Operated In Summer, Sihang Jiang, Chong Shen, Xianting Li
International Building Physics Conference 2018
The pipe-embedded window is a double window structure with pipes embedded inside the cavity to adjust the temperature. The preliminary studies showed that it can significantly reduce the cooling load of buildings with natural cooling sources such as the water from cooling towers in summer. However, the research on the influencing factors of the pipeembedded window is insufficient. In this paper, the numerical calculation models are established for a pipe-embedded window and a traditional window. The influence of climatic factors, such as the natural cooling source temperature and outdoor air temperature on the thermal performance of the pipe-embedded window are …
Modelling Of A Naturally Ventilated Bipv System For Building Energy Simulations,
2018
KU Leuven
Modelling Of A Naturally Ventilated Bipv System For Building Energy Simulations, Juliana Gonçalves, Glenn Reynders, Jonathan Lehmann, Dirk Saelens
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Two major causes of energy yield reduction in PV systems are partial shading and high operating temperatures. Both issues are particularly critical for BIPV systems. The correct assessment of the BIPV contribution to the built environment depends, therefore, on the accurate prediction of PV temperature and on the possibility of simulating shading effects. This paper describes the development of a multi-physics model for a naturally ventilated façade BIPV system within the openIDEAS environment for building and district energy simulations. The PV electrical model used here follows a physics-based approach that takes into account solar intensity and temperature spatial variations within …
Validation Of The En 15193:2017 Calculation Method To Estimate The Daylight Supply In A Building: Comparison With Dynamic Climate-Based Simulations,
2018
Politecnico di Torino
Validation Of The En 15193:2017 Calculation Method To Estimate The Daylight Supply In A Building: Comparison With Dynamic Climate-Based Simulations, Valerio Roberto Maria Lo Verso, Argun Paragamyan, Anna Pellegrino
International Building Physics Conference 2018
This paper compares a simplified method to calculate the daylight factor and the annual daylight contribution in a space to the output of dynamic daylighting simulations. The simplified calculation method is the one implemented in the European Standard EN 15193 for the calculation of the energy demand for lighting in buildings, while the tool for dynamic simulations is Daysim (managed through DIVA-for-Rhino). The analysis was carried out by applying the two approaches to a reference office room, which was assumed to be located in different sites and having different window areas, with different orientations, both in the absence and in …
A Deep Reinforcement Learning Method For Model-Based Optimal Control Of Hvac Systems,
2018
Carnegie Mellon University
A Deep Reinforcement Learning Method For Model-Based Optimal Control Of Hvac Systems, Zhiang Zhang, Chenlu Zhang, Khee Poh Lam
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Model-based optimal control (MOC) methods have strong potential to improve the energy efficiency of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system. However, most existing MOC methods require a low-order building model, which significantly limits the practicability of such methods. This study develops a novel model-based optimal control method for HVAC supervisory-level control based on the recently-proposed deep reinforcement learning (DRL) framework. The control method can directly use whole building energy model, a widely used flexible building modelling method, as the model and train an optimal control policy using DRL. By integrating deep learning models, the proposed control method can directly …
Evaluating The Energy Consumption And Heat Loss In The Hot Water Supply And Heating Systems Of A Nursing Home,
2018
Kyoto University
Evaluating The Energy Consumption And Heat Loss In The Hot Water Supply And Heating Systems Of A Nursing Home, Kana Inamoto, Chiemi Iba, Shuichi Hokoi, Daisuke Ogura, Satoru Takada
International Building Physics Conference 2018
The demand for nursing homes has increased recently due to an increase in the aging population in Japan. Nursing homes are generally equipped with hot water supply and heating systems for bathing, preparing meals, and heating rooms. This equipment utilizes a considerable amount of energy. Few studies have measured heat loss from the hot water supply and heating systems in such facilities. This study evaluated the hot water supply and heating systems of a nursing home located in a cold climate area in Japan. The temperature and flow rate of the hot water were continuously measured, and the energy consumption …
Air Cooling And Dehumidification With A Zeolite Coated Heat Exchanger Regenerated By Solar Thermal Energy,
2018
Politechnic of Turin
Air Cooling And Dehumidification With A Zeolite Coated Heat Exchanger Regenerated By Solar Thermal Energy, Vincenzo Gentile, Marco Simonetti, Fabio Restagno
International Building Physics Conference 2018
This paper presents some experimental results of a new device for low energy/low exergy air conditioning system. The device can realize both dehumidification and sensible cooling of external air, and it is designed for very low pressure drops, drastically reducing the electricity consumption for the driving fans. It is composed by a finned coil heat exchanger, coated with a SAPO-34 zeolite layer, that handles both heat and mass transfer in a single component. During the adsorption a cold water flow at 20 °C circulates through the coil, cooling the air and realizing in a single step a complete air-treatment. Hot …
Extracting Radiant Cooling From Building Exhaust Air Using The Maisotsenko Cycle Principle,
2018
Princeton University
Extracting Radiant Cooling From Building Exhaust Air Using The Maisotsenko Cycle Principle, Théo Keeley-Leclaire, Eric Teitelbaum, Suin Shim, Michael Bozlar, Howard A. Stone, Forrest Meggers
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Indirect evaporative cooling has exciting implications for air based thermal comfort. With recent advances in the research and commercialization of Maisotsenko Cycle (M-Cycle), or dew-point, evaporative cooling, thermodynamics can be fully leveraged to provide effectively free air cooling. However, few studies seek to generate cool surfaces by evaporation for radiant cooling. As a method to reduce building energy consumption, such an evapo-radiative system would maintain occupant thermal comfort at higher ventilation air temperatures and provide cooling at low cost. This study explores an analytical model for an M-Cycle evapo-radiative cooling system that derives a 1-D temperature profile throughout an experimental …
Periodic Alternation Between Intake And Exhaust Of Air In Dynamic Insulation,
2018
Kindai University
Periodic Alternation Between Intake And Exhaust Of Air In Dynamic Insulation, Masaru Abuku, Akira Fukushima, Tsukasa Tsukidate, Sayaka Murata, Akinori Hosoi, Hideo Ichiboji, Daisuke Kitagawa, Kanako Makita
International Building Physics Conference 2018
Dynamic insulation (DI) can recover heat lost in conduction by drawing cold outdoor air into indoor through an insulation wall in winter. A “breathing DI” system we proposed in the past has functions both as an insulated envelope and as a highly efficient heat exchanger for ventilation. It is alternated periodically that the outdoor air is drawn through half of walls made of breathable inorganic concrete (BIC) and the indoor air is exhausted through the other half of the BIC walls. In order to put the breathing DI system into practice in housing construction, this paper presents some studies from …
The Energy Saving Performance Of Heat Recovery Ventilation System In Residential Buildings In The Summer Of Hot-Summer And Cold-Winter Zone In China,
2018
Nanjing University
The Energy Saving Performance Of Heat Recovery Ventilation System In Residential Buildings In The Summer Of Hot-Summer And Cold-Winter Zone In China, Siyuan Cheng, Yao Ma, Menghao Qin
International Building Physics Conference 2018
The rapid increase in space cooling and heating demand in recent years in the hot-summer and cold-winter (HSCW) zone in China (the most developed area in China) requires technology to be as efficient as possible, consuming the lowest amount of energy necessary. Heat recovery ventilation (HRV) system can meet this demand by lowering the building energy demand by pre-heating or pre-cooling. However, the climate in HSCW zone is humid and rainy all the year round, which may affect the energy performance of HRV system. The current research focuses on field measurements of the performance of HRV system in a test …
Adsorption And Film Forming Of Train Of Water Droplets Impacting Porous Stones,
2018
Empa, Switzerland
Adsorption And Film Forming Of Train Of Water Droplets Impacting Porous Stones, Dominique Derome, Stephan Carl, Peter Vontobel, Jan Carmeliet
International Building Physics Conference 2018
The phenomenon of droplets impacting porous media is ubiquitous in rain events. Rain is a major source of moisture in buildings. When a water droplet impacts a permeable surface, it spreads on the surface and is absorbed into the porous material due to capillary action. This paper presents an experimental investigation of the absorption and film forming during train of liquid droplets impacting porous stones, towards establishing the fate of rain droplets during rain events.
