Primary Care Clinicians’ Recognition And Management Of Depression: A Model Of Depression Care In Real-World Primary Care Practice, 2013 University of Cincinnati
Primary Care Clinicians’ Recognition And Management Of Depression: A Model Of Depression Care In Real-World Primary Care Practice, Seong-Yi Baik, Benjamin F. Crabtree, Junius Gonzales
Publications from Provost Junius J. Gonzales
BACKGROUND
Depression is prevalent in primary care (PC) practices and poses a considerable public health burden in the United States. Despite nearly four decades of efforts to improve depression care quality in PC practices, a gap remains between desired treatment outcomes and the reality of how depression care is delivered.
OBJECTIVE
This article presents a real-world PC practice model of depression care, elucidating the processes and their influencing conditions.
DESIGN
Grounded theory methodology was used for the data collection and analysis to develop a depression care model. Data were collected from 70 individual interviews (60 to 70 min each), three …
Type Of High-School Credentials And Older Age Adl And Iadl Limitations: Is The Ged Credential Equivalent To A Diploma?, 2013 Montclair State University
Type Of High-School Credentials And Older Age Adl And Iadl Limitations: Is The Ged Credential Equivalent To A Diploma?, Sze Yan Liu, Niraj R. Chavan, M. Maria Glymour
Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works
Purpose: Educational attainment is a robust predictor of disability in elderly Americans: older adults with high-school (HS) diplomas have a substantially lower disability than individuals who did not complete HS. General Educational Development (GED) diplomas now comprise almost 20% of new HS credentials issued annually in the United States but it is unknown whether the apparent health advantages of HS diplomas extend to GED credentials. This study examines whether adults older than 50 years with GEDs have higher odds of incident instrumental or basic activities of daily living (IADLs) limitations compared with HS degree holders. Methods: We compared odds of …
Individuals With Single Versus Multiple Suicide Attempts Over 10 Years Of Prospective Follow-Up, 2013 Wesleyan University
Individuals With Single Versus Multiple Suicide Attempts Over 10 Years Of Prospective Follow-Up, Christina L. Boisseaua, Shirley Yen, John C. Markowitz, Carlos M. Grilo, Charles A. Sanislow, M. Tracie Shea, Mary C. Zanarini, Andrew E. Skodol, John G. Gunderson, Leslie C. Morey, Thomas H. Mcglashan
Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.
Background: The study attempted to identify characteristics that differentiate multiple suicide attempters from single attempters in individuals with personality disorders (PDs) and/or major depression.
Method: Participants were 431 participants enrolled in the Collaborative Longitudinal Study of Personality Disorders from July 1996 to June 2008. Suicide attempts were assessed with the Longitudinal Interval Follow-up Evaluation at 6 and 12months, then yearly through 10years. Logistic regression was used to compare single attempters to multiple attempters on Axis I and II psychiatric disorders and personality trait variables.
Results: Twenty-one percent of participants attempted suicide during the 10years of observation, with 39 (9.0%) reporting …
Frequency Of Private Spiritual Activity And Cardiovascular Risk In Post-Menopausal Women: The Women's Health Initiative, 2013 University of Massachusetts Medical School
Frequency Of Private Spiritual Activity And Cardiovascular Risk In Post-Menopausal Women: The Women's Health Initiative, Elena Salmoirago Blotcher, George Fitchett, Kathleen M. Hovey, Eliezer Schnall, Cynthia Thomson, Christopher A. Andrews, Sybil Crawford, Mary Jo O'Sullivan, Stephen Post, Rowan T. Chlebowski, Judith K. Ockene
Sybil L. Crawford
Purpose: Spirituality has been associated with better cardiac autonomic balance, but its association with cardiovascular risk is not well studied. We examined whether more frequent private spiritual activity was associated with reduced cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal women enrolled in the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study. Methods: Frequency of private spiritual activity (prayer, Bible reading, and meditation) was selfreported at year 5 of follow-up. Cardiovascular outcomes were centrally adjudicated, and cardiovascular risk was estimated from proportional hazards models. Results: Final models included 43,708 women (mean age: 68.9±7.3; median follow-up: 7.0 years) free of cardiac disease through year 5 of follow-up. In …
The Net Reclassification Index (Nri): A Misleading Measure Of Prediction Improvement With Miscalibrated Or Overfit Models, 2013 University of Washington, Fred Hutch Cancer Research Center
The Net Reclassification Index (Nri): A Misleading Measure Of Prediction Improvement With Miscalibrated Or Overfit Models, Margaret Pepe, Jin Fang, Ziding Feng, Thomas Gerds, Jorgen Hilden
UW Biostatistics Working Paper Series
The Net Reclassification Index (NRI) is a very popular measure for evaluating the improvement in prediction performance gained by adding a marker to a set of baseline predictors. However, the statistical properties of this novel measure have not been explored in depth. We demonstrate the alarming result that the NRI statistic calculated on a large test dataset using risk models derived from a training set is likely to be positive even when the new marker has no predictive information. A related theoretical example is provided in which a miscalibrated risk model that includes an uninformative marker is proven to erroneously …
Area Specific Self-Esteem, Values, And Adolescent Sexual Behavior, 2013 University of Arkansas
Area Specific Self-Esteem, Values, And Adolescent Sexual Behavior, Michael Young, Joseph Donnelly, George Denny
Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works
This study examined area-specific self-esteem scores by sexual behavior relative to adolescents' values concerning participation in sexual intercourse as an unmarried teenager. The sample consisted of 332 students in grades 7–12 from a Southern rural school district. Students were asked if they had ever had sexual intercourse (yes/no) and if they had participated in sexual intercourse in the last month (yes/no). Respondents also indicated on a 4-point scale their response to the statement “It is against my values to have sex as an unmarried teenager.” Data were analyzed using a 2 × 4 (behavior x values) analysis of variance for …
Effects Of A Multicomponent Wellness Intervention On Dyslipidemia In An Overweight Adolescent Population, 2013 University of Massachusetts Medical School
Effects Of A Multicomponent Wellness Intervention On Dyslipidemia In An Overweight Adolescent Population, Olga T. Hardy, Jean Wiecha, Albert Kim, Carlos Salas, Rayna Bricenoc, Kwesi Moody, Joan Becker, Greer Glazer, Carol A. Ciccarelli, Ling Shi, Laura L. Hayman
Laura L. Hayman
Epidemiologic studies suggest that atherosclerotic processes begin in childhood and are associated with abnormal lipid levels. Behavioral changes are the first line of treatment for dyslipidemia in adolescents but outcome data on the effectiveness of this approach are inconsistent. This study aimed to assess the effect of a 13-week multicomponent wellness intervention program on dyslipidemia in lean and overweight/obese adolescents enrolled at a public high school in Boston, Massachusetts. The intervention was conducted at a university-based youth fitness center where 9 overweight/obese adolescents (body mass index [BMI]≥85th percentile for age and sex) and 9 lean adolescents (BMIsex) participated in weekly …
Comparing Two-Year Community College And Four-Year University Student Social And Behavioral Sexually Transmitted Infection Risk Factors, 2013 Liberty University
Comparing Two-Year Community College And Four-Year University Student Social And Behavioral Sexually Transmitted Infection Risk Factors, Oswald M. Attin
Faculty Dissertations
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) could cause ectopic, cervical cancer, infertility, and organ damage to the heart, kidneys, and brain. This study compared several behavioral risk factors of STIs (condom use, number of sexual partners, type of sex (anal or vaginal) and drinking habits) between two distinct educational settings and their association with socioeconomic risk factors such as low income and parent’s lower level of education that are known to increase the incidence of STIs among college-aged students. This study was based on the precautionary-health-behavior model, where individuals act regardless of consequences, and the health-behavior-change model, where individual behaviors either increase …
Social And Behavioral Sti Risk Factors: Comparing A Two-Year Community College Setting To A Four-Year University Setting, 2013 Liberty University
Social And Behavioral Sti Risk Factors: Comparing A Two-Year Community College Setting To A Four-Year University Setting, Oswald M. Attin
Faculty Publications and Presentations
No abstract provided.
Methods For Evaluating Prediction Performance Of Biomarkers And Tests, 2012 Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Methods For Evaluating Prediction Performance Of Biomarkers And Tests, Margaret S. Pepe Phd, Holly Janes Phd
Margaret S Pepe PhD
This chapter describes and critiques methods for evaluating the performance of markers to predict risk of a current or future clinical outcome. We consider three criteria that are important for evaluating a risk model: calibration, benefit for decision making and accurate classification. We also describe and discuss a variety of summary measures in common use for quantifying predictive information such as the area under the ROC curve and R-squared. The roles and problems with recently proposed risk reclassification approaches are discussed in detail.
Subsidized Housing, Public Housing, And Adolescent Violence And Substance Use, 2012 Montclair State University
Subsidized Housing, Public Housing, And Adolescent Violence And Substance Use, Tamara Leech
Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works
This study examines the separate relationships of public housing residents and subsidized housing residence to adolescent health risk behavior. Data included 2,530 adolescents aged 14 to 19 who were children of the National the Longitudinal Study of Youth. The author uses stratified propensity methods to compare the behaviors of each group—subsidized housing residents and public housing residents—to a matched control group of teens receiving no housing assistance. The results reveal no significant relationship between public housing residence and violence, heavy alcohol/marijuana use, or other drug use. However, subsidized housing residents have significantly lower rates of violence and hard drug use, …
The Morbidity & Mortality Of Prevalent Heart Failure, 2012 Loma Linda University
The Morbidity & Mortality Of Prevalent Heart Failure, Jennifer Kwon
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
The first study population included 292 unselected consecutive patients from the LLUMC heart failure clinic who were enrolled in the study from January to July 2006 and were followed up through the end of December 2010. The treatment policy at the clinic was to uptitrate dosages of beta-adrenergic blockade (β-blockers), angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) to the most tolerable levels in order to reach target dosages, as recommended by the Heart Failure Society of America (HFSA). Patients were classified into systolic heart failure (ejection fraction (EF) < 40%) or diastolic heart failure (EF≥40%). All dosages of β-blockers, ACEi and ARB were extracted through chart reviews and were used as the main predictors of the patients' survival. Results from analyses showed that reaching target dosages of β-blockers and ACEi/ARB may increase survival when compared to not reaching target among the systolic HF population (HRβ_biockers= 0.64, 95% CI 0.26-1.56 and HRACEi/ARB=0.50, …
Chhs November 2012 E-Newsletter, 2012 College of Health & Human Services, WKU
Chhs November 2012 E-Newsletter, Dr. John Bonaguro, Dean, Vashon S. Wells, Editor, College Of Health And Human Services, Western Kentucky University
College of Health & Human Services Publications
No abstract provided.
Lessons From The Trenches: Meeting Evaluation Challenges In School Health Education, 2012 New Mexico State University
Lessons From The Trenches: Meeting Evaluation Challenges In School Health Education, Michael Young, George Denny, Joseph Donnelly
Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works
BACKGROUND: Those involved in school health education programs generally believe that health education programs can play an important role in helping young people make positive health decisions. Thus, it is to document the effects of such programs through rigorous evaluations published in peer‐reviewed journals.
METHODS: This paper helps the reader understand the context of school health program evaluation, examines several problems and challenges, shows how problems can often be fixed, or prevented, and demonstrates ways in which challenges can be met. A number of topics are addressed, including distinguishing between curricula evaluation and evaluation of outcomes, types of evaluation, identifying …
Epidemiology Of Tuberculosis In Ohio, 2012 Wright State University - Main Campus
Epidemiology Of Tuberculosis In Ohio, Usha Bala Vayuvegula
Master of Public Health Program Student Publications
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a global infectious disease often associated with HIV. Study of the distribution and epidemiologic trends may help target prevention and control measures towards high risk areas and groups.
Objective: To determine TB trends in four counties in Ohio, i.e. Franklin, Cuyahoga, Hamilton and Montgomery counties, and to explore differences in distribution of cases across gender, age groups and races.
Methods: TB surveillance data was collected from the Ohio Department of Health website for 12 years (1999-2011). Mean TB rates across gender were compared using the two sample t-test. One way ANOVA was used to compare means …
The Plan Score, 2012 St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto
Evaluating The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (Moca) And The Mini Mental State Exam (Mmse) For Cognitive Impairment Post Stroke: A Validation Study Against The Cognistat, 2012 The University of Western Ontario
Evaluating The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (Moca) And The Mini Mental State Exam (Mmse) For Cognitive Impairment Post Stroke: A Validation Study Against The Cognistat, Lauren Friedman
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Objective. To identify the better of two commonly used screening tools for detecting probable cognitive impairment in stroke patients in a large regional rehabilitation hospital (ParkwoodHospital,London,Ontario). This was a validation study of the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), using the Cognistat, as the criterion or ‘gold standard’. It was hypothesized that the MoCA is a superior screening instrument to the MMSE for the detection of cognitive impairment in stroke patients.
Methods. The MMSE and the MoCA were administered by occupational therapists and the Cognistat was administered by the student investigator. A second Cognistat was administered …
Intracerebral Hemorrhage In Cerebral Venous Thrombosis, 2012 St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto
Intracerebral Hemorrhage In Cerebral Venous Thrombosis, Gustavo Saposnik
Gustavo Saposnik
No abstract provided.
Prospective Investigation Of A Ptsd Personality Typology Among Individuals With Personality Disorders, 2012 University of Memphis
Prospective Investigation Of A Ptsd Personality Typology Among Individuals With Personality Disorders, Meghan E. Mcdevitt-Murphy, M. Tracie Shea, Shirley Yen, Carlos M. Grilo, Charles A. Sanislow, John C. Markowitz, Andrew E. Skodol
Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.
This study investigated the replicability of a previously proposed personality typology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD, and explored stability of cluster membership over a 6-month period. Participants with current PTSD (n = 156) were drawn from the Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study (CLPS). The CLPS project tracked a large sample of individuals who met criteria for 1 of 4 target diagnoses (borderline, schizotypal, avoidant, and obsessive-compulsive) and a contrast group of individuals who met criteria for depression but no personality disorder. A cluster analysis using scales from the Schedule of Nonadaptive and Adaptive Personality yielded 3 clusters: “internalizing,” “externalizing,” and …
Help-Negation For Suicidal Thoughts In Sub-Clinical Samples Of Young People, 2012 University of Wollongong
Help-Negation For Suicidal Thoughts In Sub-Clinical Samples Of Young People, Coralie Joy Wilson
Coralie J Wilson
Across the popular and academic literature, it is widely recognised that young people with persistent suicidal thoughts are at high risk for suicide completion. It is also accepted that seeking and receiving appropriate help offers protection against the development of acute forms of suicidality, along with suicide completion. Yet, as promising as appropriate help-seeking appears for suicide prevention, a growing number of studies suggest that suicidal ideation itself may impede the help-seeking process. There is evidence that acutely suicidal samples will negate or avoid available help, and there are indications that the help-negation process may occur in samples before levels …