An Upper Limit For Macromolecular Crowding Effects, 2011 University of North Carolina
An Upper Limit For Macromolecular Crowding Effects, Andrew C. Miklos, Congang Li, Courtney D. Sorell, L. Andrew Lyon, Gary J. Pielak
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
Background: Solutions containing high macromolecule concentrations are predicted to affect a number of protein properties compared to those properties in dilute solution. In cells, these macromolecular crowders have a large range of sizes and can occupy 30% or more of the available volume. We chose to study the stability and ps-ns internal dynamics of a globular protein whose radius is similar to 2 nm when crowded by a synthetic microgel composed of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) with particle radii of similar to 300 nm.
Results: Our studies revealed no change in protein rotational or ps-ns backbone dynamics and only mild …
Lipopolysaccharide Animal Models For Parkinson's Disease, 2011 University of Kentucky
Lipopolysaccharide Animal Models For Parkinson's Disease, Mei Liu, Guoying Bing
Neuroscience Faculty Publications
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an endotoxin from Gram-negative bacteria, acts as a potent stimulator of microglia and has been used to study the inflammatory process in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) and anti-inflammatory therapy for PD treatment. Here, we review the growing body of literature on both in vitro and in vivo LPS PD models. Primary cell cultures from mesencephalic tissue were exposed to LPS in vitro; LPS was stereotaxically injected into the substantia nigra, striatum, or globus pallidus of brain or injected into the peritoneal cavity of the animal in vivo. In conclusion, the LPS PD models are summarized as …
Mitochondrial Regulation Of Arterial Contractility, 2010 University of Tennessee Health Science Center
Mitochondrial Regulation Of Arterial Contractility, Damodaran Narayanan
Theses and Dissertations (ETD)
Rationale: Physiological functions of mitochondria in contractile arterial smooth muscle cells are poorly understood. Mitochondria can uptake calcium (Ca2+), but intracellular Ca2+ signals that regulate mitochondrial Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]mito) and physiological functions of changes in [Ca2+]mito in arterial smooth muscle cells are unclear.
Objective: Identify Ca2+ signals that regulate [Ca2+]mito, examine the significance of changes in [Ca2+]mito, and test the hypothesis that [Ca2+]mito controls functional ion channel transcription in smooth muscle cells of resistance–size cerebral arteries.
Methods …
Self-Glucose Monitoring And Glycaemic Control At A Tertiary Care University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, 2010 Aga Khan University
Self-Glucose Monitoring And Glycaemic Control At A Tertiary Care University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, Khurshid Khowaja, Humaira Waheed
Section of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism
OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between Self Monitoring of Blood Glucose (SMBG) levels and improved glycemic control (HbA1c level) among type 2 diabetic patients, receiving oral hypoglycaemic agents and insulin, and to ascertain the factors influencing SMBG.
METHOD: Using Comparative cross sectional study design five hundred Type 2 diabetes patients through convenient sampling between 30-70 years were interviewed through a structured questionnaire in year 2006 and 2007 at AKUH Ambulatory setting. These 500 subjects were divided as 250 in case (doing SMBG) and 250 in control (not doing SMBG) groups.
RESULTS: We identified that HbA1c value was maintained at good …
Prenatal Diagnosis And Risk Factors For Preoperative Death In Neonates With Single Right Ventricle And Systemic Outflow Obstruction: Screening Data From The Pediatric Heart Network Single Ventricle Reconstruction Trial(∗)., 2010 Children's Mercy Hospital
Prenatal Diagnosis And Risk Factors For Preoperative Death In Neonates With Single Right Ventricle And Systemic Outflow Obstruction: Screening Data From The Pediatric Heart Network Single Ventricle Reconstruction Trial(∗)., Andrew M. Atz, Thomas G. Travison, Ismee A. Williams, Gail D. Pearson, Peter C. Laussen, William T. Mahle, Amanda L. Cook, Joel A. Kirsh, Mark Sklansky, Svetlana Khaikin, Caren Goldberg, Michele Frommelt, Catherine Krawczeski, Michael D. Puchalski, Jeffrey P. Jacobs, Jeanne M. Baffa, Jack Rychik, Richard G. Ohye, Pediatric Heart Network Investigators, Girish S. Shirali
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this analysis was to assess preoperative risk factors before the first-stage Norwood procedure in infants with hypoplastic left heart syndrome and related single-ventricle lesions and to evaluate practice patterns in prenatal diagnosis, as well as the role of prenatal diagnosis in outcome.
METHODS: Data from all live births with morphologic single right ventricle and systemic outflow obstruction screened for the Pediatric Heart Network's Single Ventricle Reconstruction Trial were used to investigate prenatal diagnosis and preoperative risk factors. Demographics, gestational age, prenatal diagnosis status, presence of major extracardiac congenital abnormalities, and preoperative mortality rates were recorded.
RESULTS: …
Relation Of Size Of Secondary Ventricles To Exercise Performance In Children After Fontan Operation., 2010 Children's Mercy Hospital
Relation Of Size Of Secondary Ventricles To Exercise Performance In Children After Fontan Operation., Ashwin Prakash, Thomas G. Travison, Mark A. Fogel, Lynne M. Hurwitz, Andrew J. Powell, Beth F. Printz, Michael D. Puchalski, Girish S. Shirali, Shi-Joon Yoo, Tal Geva, Pediatric Heart Network Investigators
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
The effects of the nondominant or secondary ventricle on the Fontan circulation are not known. The present study used cardiac magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the relations between secondary ventricular size and global cardiac performance. The Fontan cross-sectional study collected data from 7 centers participating in the Pediatric Heart Network. Subjects with complete cardiac magnetic resonance imaging data and an identifiable secondary ventricle were included in the analysis. Relationships between body surface area-adjusted parameters of the secondary ventricle (mass, end-diastolic volume, mass/volume ratio, and stroke volume) and the following measures were assessed. These measures included the percentage of predicted peak …
Assessing Change In Range Of Motion Using Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Self-Stretching As An Alternative To Static Stretching, 2010 Texas A&M University-Commerce
Assessing Change In Range Of Motion Using Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Self-Stretching As An Alternative To Static Stretching, Kendra Camblin
Honors Theses
No abstract provided.
Intrinsic Features Of The Multisensory Cortical Area Lrss In The Ferret, 2010 Virginia Commonwealth University
Intrinsic Features Of The Multisensory Cortical Area Lrss In The Ferret, Alexandru Ioan Cojanu
Theses and Dissertations
Environmental events simultaneously transduced by more than one sensory modality underlie multisensory processing in the CNS. While most studies of multisensory processing examine functional effects, none have evaluated the influence of local or columnar circuitry. The goal of the present study is to examine of local features of the ferret lateral rostral suprasylvian sulcus (LRSS), a multisensory cortex. Immunostaining revealed the cytoarchitectonic features of the LRSS: thick supragranular layers, a narrow layer IV, and moderately stained but differentiated infragranular layers. Golgi-Cox techniques were used with light microscopy and digital reconstruction to document neuronal morphology. Among the 90 reconstructed neurons, 4 …
Role Of Alpha 7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor In Calcium Signaling Induced By Prion Protein Interaction With Stress-Inducible Protein 1, 2010 Western University
Role Of Alpha 7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor In Calcium Signaling Induced By Prion Protein Interaction With Stress-Inducible Protein 1, Flavio H. Beraldo, Camila P. Arantes, Tiago G. Santos, Nicolle G. T. Queiroz, Kirk Young, Jane R. Rylett, Regina P. Markus, Marco A. M. Prado, Vilma R. Martins
Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications
The prion protein (PrP(C)) is a conserved glycosylphosphatidyl-inositol-anchored cell surface protein expressed by neurons and other cells. Stress-inducible protein 1 (STI1) binds PrP(C) extracellularly, and this activated signaling complex promotes neuronal differentiation and neuroprotection via the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and cAMP-dependent protein kinase 1 (PKA) pathways. However, the mechanism by which the PrPC-STI1 interaction transduces extracellular signals to the intracellular environment is unknown. We found that in hippocampal neurons, STI1-PrP(C) engagement induces an increase in intracellular Ca(2+) levels. This effect was not detected in PrP(C)-null neurons or wild-type neurons treated with an STI1 mutant unable to …
Nanosized Hydroxyapatite And Other Calcium Phosphates: Chemistry Of Formation And Application As Drug And Gene Delivery Agents, 2010 Chapman University
Nanosized Hydroxyapatite And Other Calcium Phosphates: Chemistry Of Formation And Application As Drug And Gene Delivery Agents, Vuk Uskoković, Dragan Uskoković
Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research
The first part of this review looks at the fundamental properties of hydroxyapatite (HAP), the basic mineral constituent of mammalian hard tissues, including the physicochemical features that govern its formation by precipitation. A special emphasis is placed on the analysis of qualities of different methods of synthesis and of the phase transformations intrinsic to the formation of HAP following precipitation from aqueous solutions. This serves as an introduction to the second part and the main subject of this review, which relates to the discourse regarding the prospects of fabrication of ultrafine, nanosized particles based on calcium phosphate carriers with various …
Effect Of Low-Dose Aspirin Or Calcium Supplementation On The Incidence Of Pre-Eclampsia Among Pregnant Women, 2010 Philadelphia University
Effect Of Low-Dose Aspirin Or Calcium Supplementation On The Incidence Of Pre-Eclampsia Among Pregnant Women, Philadelphia University
Philadelphia University, Jordan
No abstract provided.
Should We Be Concerned About Jejunoileal Atresia During Repair Of Duodenal Atresia?, 2010 Children's Mercy Hospital
Should We Be Concerned About Jejunoileal Atresia During Repair Of Duodenal Atresia?, Shawn D. St Peter, Danny C. Little, Katherine A. Barsness, Daniel R. Copeland, Casey M. Calkins, Suzanne Yoder, Steve S. Rothenberg, Saleem Islam, Kuojen Tsao, Daniel J. Ostlie
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
INTRODUCTION: During repair for duodenal atresia, it has been emphasized that inspection of the small bowel to identify a second atresia is required. The laparoscopic approach for repair of duodenal atresia has been criticized for its limitation to perform this step. Given that duodenal atresia and jejunoileal atresias do not share common embryologic origins, we question the validity of this concern. Therefore, we conducted a multicenter retrospective review of duodenal atresia patients to quantify the incidence of jejunoileal atresia in this population.
METHODS: After institutional review board approval (IRB #07-12-187X), a retrospective review was conducted on all patients who have …
Cerebral Salt Wasting Syndrome In Tuberculous Meningitis, 2010 Aga Khan University
Cerebral Salt Wasting Syndrome In Tuberculous Meningitis, Abdul Jabbar, Syed Nadir Farrukh, Rabbia Khan
Section of Internal Medicine
Case of a seventy year old female, who developed cerebral salt wasting syndrome in association with Tuberculous Meningitis is presented.
Interferon Regulatory Factor 3-Dependent Pathways Are Critical For Control Of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Central Nervous System Infection, 2010 Washington University School of Medicine
Interferon Regulatory Factor 3-Dependent Pathways Are Critical For Control Of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Central Nervous System Infection, Vineet D. Menachery, Tracy J. Pasieka, David A. Leib
Dartmouth Scholarship
The initiation of the immune response at the cellular level relies on specific recognition molecules to rapidly signal viral infection via interferon (IFN) regulatory factor 3 (IRF-3)-dependent pathways. The absence of IRF-3 would be expected to render such pathways inoperative and thereby significantly affect viral infection. Unexpectedly, a previous study found no significant change in herpes simplex virus (HSV) pathogenesis in IRF-3−/− mice following intravenous HSV type 1 (HSV-1) challenge (K. Honda, H. Yanai, H. Negishi, M. Asagiri, M. Sato, T. Mizutani, N. Shimada, Y. Ohba, A. Takaoka, N. Yoshida, and T. Taniguchi, Nature 434:772-777, 2005). In contrast, the …
Pontine Haemorrhage Due To Chondrosarcoma Of The Skull Base, 2010 Aga Khan University
Pontine Haemorrhage Due To Chondrosarcoma Of The Skull Base, Maliha Iqbal Jumani, Roomasa Channa, Sayed Nabeel Zafar, Ather Enam
Section of Neurosurgery
A young adult presented with acute weakness of right side of body and slurring of speech. An initial brain CT scan showed a pontine haemorrhage, however MRI done a few days later revealed a mass in the left parapharyngeal space. Histopathology of the mass revealed that it was a chondrosarcoma. Subsequently the patient was initially treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy and later surgery. Skull base chondrosarcomabe is to be included in the differentials of a young patient presenting with signs consistent with pontine haemorrhage.
Interesting Case Presentation: Placental Site Trophoblastic Tumor, 2010 Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University
Interesting Case Presentation: Placental Site Trophoblastic Tumor, Nicole Qualtieri, Ms, Pa (Ascp), Andrea Gadue, Mhs, Pa (Ascp)
Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers
Case Study:
A 26 year-old female (G3P1) had a D&E in March, 2010 for a blighted ovum. The diagnosis on the uterine contents at an outside institution was placental site trophoblastic tumor. No follow up care was obtained. Four months later (July, 2010), the patient presented to her OB-GYN stating that she had missed a period and had a positive home pregnancy test. An ultrasound examination failed to identify a fetus, and the patient was referred to TJUH.
At Jefferson an MRI showed a poorly defined uterine mass that extended into the myometrium. The slides from the original D&E were …
Spinal Changes In Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis On Mri: Case Series, 2010 Aga Khan University
Spinal Changes In Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis On Mri: Case Series, Rohana Naqi, Humera Ahsan, Muhammad Azeemuddin
Department of Radiology
Magnetic Resonance Imaging appearances are described in three cases of Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS). The different appearances of AS on magnetic resonance imaging are described and their significance in relation to the pathology of this condition is discussed. MRI is increasingly used to detect changes in the spine of patients with AS. Spinal changes associated with spondyloarthritis are florid anterior spondylitis (Romanus lesion), florid discitis (Andersson lesion), ankylosis, insufficiency fractures of the ankylosed spine, syndesmophytes, arthritis of the apophyseal and costovertebral joints and enthesitis of the interspinal ligaments.
Failure To Ubiquitinate C-Met Leads To Hyperactivation Of Mtor Signaling In A Mouse Model Of Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease, 2010 Harvard University
Failure To Ubiquitinate C-Met Leads To Hyperactivation Of Mtor Signaling In A Mouse Model Of Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease, Shan Qin, Mary Taglienti, Surya M. Nauli, Leah Contrino, Ayumi Takakura, Jing Zhou, Jordan A. Kreidberg
Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a common inherited disorder that is caused by mutations at two loci, polycystin 1 (PKD1) and polycystin 2 (PKD2). It is characterized by the formation of multiple cysts in the kidneys that can lead to chronic renal failure. Previous studies have suggested a role for hyperactivation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in cystogenesis, but the etiology of mTOR hyperactivation has not been fully elucidated. In this report we have shown that mTOR is hyperactivated. in Pkd1-null mouse cells due to failure of the HGF receptor c-Met to be properly ubiquitinated and subsequently …
Endothelial Cell Cortactin Phosphorylation By Src Contributes To Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Transmigration In Vitro, 2010 Butler University
Endothelial Cell Cortactin Phosphorylation By Src Contributes To Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Transmigration In Vitro, L. Yang, Jennifer R. Kowalski, X. Zhan, S. M. Thomas, F. W. Luscinskas
Jennifer Kowalski
The underlying mechanisms that regulate leukocyte transendothelial migration through the vascular endothelium remain unclear. Cortactin is a substrate of Src tyrosine kinases and a regulator of cytoskeletal dynamics. Previous studies demonstrated a role for Src phosphorylation of cortactin in clustering of E-selectin and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 around adherent leukocytes. In the current study, we used an in vitro flow model to investigate the role of Src-induced cortactin phosphorylation in endothelium during polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) transmigration through human umbilical vein endothelium (HUVEC) monolayers preactivated with tumor necrosis factor-{alpha}. Inhibition of Src in HUVEC using Src kinase inhibitors PP2 and SU6656 …
Central Nervous System Involvement In Multiple Myeloma, 2010 Aga Khan University
Central Nervous System Involvement In Multiple Myeloma, Rohana Naqi, Muhammad Azeemuddin, Humera Ahsan
Department of Radiology
Involvement of the central nervous system by multiple myeloma (MM) is considered to be extremely rare. Magnetic Resonauce Imaging (MRI) is the imaging modality of choice to detect and differentiate myeloma at unusual sites. We present the case of a sixty-year-old man who was a known case of MM. In this case report MRI findings of central nervous system in myeloma lesions are reported. The purpose is to increase the awareness of the clinical presentation, neuroradiological findings and follow-up of multiple myeloma with intracranial growth. There are only a few reported cases found concerning MM with intracranial involvement in the …