Sports Studies Commons^™

Home Field Advantage: Is “The Supreme Court Of Sport” Independent?, Jakob S. Weitz

Loyola of Los Angeles International and Comparative Law Review

No abstract provided.

Adapting, Overcoming, And Connecting: How College Sports Social Media Responded To Covid-19, Jackson Sepko

Honors Theses

This project, inspired by the researcher’s own experience as a digital media marketing assistant for Ole Miss Athletics, investigates how certain NCAA team accounts grew their social media engagement in the 2020-21 seasons despite the challenges and interruptions of COVID-19. First, metrics from data analytics firm SkullSparks were analyzed to determine which accounts increased their engagement metrics the most or performed strongly compared to their peers. Then, those accounts’ posts were analyzed using CrowdTangle, a Facebook-owned data analytics tool, and using Twitter’s advanced search features to see which posts overperformed compared to each account’s average posts.

From there, with an …

How Ultra Firms In Former Soviet And Yugoslav States Became Political Actors, Alex Pelletier

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

When you go to a football match one of the first things that you will undoubtedly notice are the ultras. Their loud coordinated chants and movement fill the stadium with energy that would not be there otherwise, and their tifo and flairs add an artist’s touch to the stands. There are ultras for just about every club, and every city in the world, with each group having their own unique identity. The local standing of football clubs, paired with the devoted and organized structure of ultras has seen them become political and military actors across the world. Ultras based in …

Millonarios Y Bosteros: La Rivalidad Entre River Y Boca Desde Una Perspectiva De Desigualdad Social En La Ciudad De Buenos Aires Contemporánea, Noah Siderhurst

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Las identidades del Club Atlético Boca Juniors y del Club Atlético River Plate están fuertemente vinculadas con la desigualdad urbana y social de la ciudad de Buenos Aires. A lo largo de dos siglos, los procesos urbanos y sociales se han entrelazado, generando identidades distintas en términos de clase socioeconómica. La conexión entre territorio e identidad es clave para entender cómo los clubes se fueron forjando identidades diferentes. En la actualidad, se observa la oposición entre un norte rico y un sur pobre en Buenos Aires, la cual tiene efectos en el imaginario simbólico de cada club.

A Study On The Sports Industry In Edo: Preface To A Study Of The History Of The Sports Industry In Early Modern Japan, Hironori Tanigama

Japanese Society and Culture

This study discusses what sorts of industries developed in Edo during the early modern period and their characteristics, with a specific look at the sports industry. The results of this study are as follows. 1. In the 17th century, the sports industry in Edo targeted the ruling samurai class. Samurai in Edo were fond of sumo tournaments and archery exhibition competitions; both were heavily influenced by the Kyoto area (then the capital). At the time, traditions carried on since the Middle Ages remained strong in the world of sports. 2. At the end of the 17th century, various urban sports …

Coping Strategies, Perception Of Sport Risk And Satisfaction With Life In Men And Women Practicing Extreme Sports, Daniel Krokosz, Magdalena Jochimek

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background:‪Few studies concern strategies for coping with stress in people who practice extreme sports. The goal of the current work is to analyse the relationships between strategies for coping with stress used by male and female extreme athletes, perception of threat associated with their sport, and their satisfaction with life.Material and methods:‪The sample consisted of 144 athletes, 55 females and 89 males, who have practiced extreme sports for at least 2 years. Participants completed the Brief COPE questionnaire, the SWLS questionnaire, and a survey to collect sociodemographic data and information about participants’ perceptions of threats associated with their sport discipline. …

Does Higher Effectiveness Means Better Mood? Training Effectiveness And Mood Alternations In The National Finswimming Team – An Interdisciplinary Study, Dagmara Budnik Przybylska, Jacek Przybylski, Stanislaw Przybylski

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background:‪The aim of the following paper was the attempt to: 1) assess the influence of 12-day anaerobic threshold (AT) training on finswimmers’ endurance and speed, 2) assess the relationship between mood and 12-day AT training. The authors focused on individual differences in psychophysiological indices connected with a training camp, with inclusion of results of the whole group of athletes. Material and methods:‪The study was conducted on the national team: 7 athletes (17–28 years) and was performed before and after 12 days of a training camp. The Profile of Mood States (POMS) and AT training were used in the study. Two …

Examining An Adapted Version Of Ryff’S Scales Of Psychological Well-Being In Sport, Despina Kouali, Craig Hall, Paige Pope

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background:‪In the sport literature, the majority of studies have failed to distinguish between general well-being and well-being specific to the sport context. This is partly because of a lack of sport specific measurement tools. The purpose of the present study was to adapt an existing eudaimonic well-being global instrument (i.e., Scales of Psychological Well-Being) for the sport context. Material and methods:‪The study included two phases. A panel of nine experts assessed the content relevance of each of the modified items of three scales of the SPWB in Phase 1 and a set of 19 items was retained with modifications. Four …

Evaluation And Development Prospects Of The Sports And Recreation Market In Poland In 2000–2030. Pest Analysis From A Legal, Economic, Socio-Cultural And Technological Perspective, Joanna Jedel, Pawel Antonowicz

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

The article presents an analysis of legal, economic, social and technological factors affecting the sports and recreation sector in Poland. It attempts to quantify changes of 20 weighted factors that have a significant influence on the shape of the market in 2000–2030. The results are used as a basis for finding the potential growth gap of this sector up until 2050. ‪The methodology selected for the research process was based on a macro-environmental study using PEST analysis. The model in principle requires that its users analyze factors without the feedback effect, i.e. those that determine the shape of the sports …

The Desired Directions Of The Development Of Marketing Strategies Adopted By The Ekstraklasa Clubs On The Basis Of A Comparative Analysis Of The Revenue Structure Of The Leading Ekstraklasa And Premier League Clubs In 2016 And 2017 (Using The Analysis Of Annual Reports And Financial Statements As Well As The Norton And Kaplan Model), Joanna Jedel, Marcin Burchard

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background:‪In the article below the authors will try to answer the question about the usefulness on the Polish market of a marketing and management strategy of a sports enterprise, based on the Norton and Kaplan models, based on the examples functioning in the Premier League. Material and methods:‪For the purpose of this work, the authors have analysed the literature. In addition, annual reports of the Football Business of Ekstraklasa from the seasons of 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 made by the official auditors, Ernst & Young Global Limited, were reviewed presenting the financial data of the Ekstraklasa SA clubs.Results:‪ In the circumstances …

Effect Of Kinaesthetic Differentiation Of The In-Run Position On The Jump Length In Polish National Ski Jumpers, Michal Wilk, Lukasz Gebala, Mariola Gepfert, Milosz Drozd, Maciej Kostrzewa, Rafal Piwowar, Wojciech Mroszczyk, Adam Zajac

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

The aim of study was to evaluate the effect of kinaesthetic differentiation during the in-run position on the in-run speed and jump length in ski-jumping team. Material and methods:‪The examinations were conducted on a group of 14 elite athletes from the A (n=7) and B (n=7) national ski-jumping team. The measurement of the angle of attack for an athlete maintaining the in-run position was made using the Zebris CMS 10 device for a precise and replicable analysis of spinal mobility. Results:‪Mean length of the jump in team A was 97.16 (50.95%) ±2.78 for the first jump and 93.58 (49.05%) ±4.23 …

Hypertension, Physical Activity And Other Associated Factors In Military Personnel: A Cross-Sectional Study, Lilian Cristina Xavier Martins

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Hypertension is a major concern in public health. In the world population over 25 years of age, its prevalence is of 40%, and studies on the amount of physical activity (PA) related to hypertension in active military personnel are scarce. To estimate the prevalence of hypertension in the Brazilian Army military personnel and to explore the association of PA levels and other risk factors.Material and methods:‪This is a cross-sectional study (N = 506). Self-reported prevalence of hypertension (outcome), PA and associated factors were examined (χ2, simple and multiple Poisson regression).Results:‪Prevalence of hypertension was lower (9.7%) than in the general population …

Does The Spinning Exercise Affect The Ovarian Reserve In Reproductive-Young Women?, Umit Gorkem, Faruk Yamaner, Erkan Demi̇Rkan, Hasan Ali Inal

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background:‪The aim of this study is to evaluate whether spinning exercise may have an impact on ovarian reserve capacity in reproductive young women.Material and methods:‪48 healthy women were included into this prospective cohort study and randomly categorized into control (n = 14) and experimental groups (n = 12). Spinning exercise sessions were conducted for 50 minutes three times a week for 8 weeks in the study group. The control group did not exercise. Immediately before and after the spinning program, each participant underwent the measurements of the body mass index, the waist circumference, the hip circumference as well as serum …

The Effects Of Physical Activity On Glycaemic Control In Children And Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Participating In Diabetes Camps, Marcin Sikora, Anna Zwierzchowska, Marzena Jaworska, Magdalena Solich Talanda, Rafal Mikolajczyk, Aleksandra Zebrowska

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background:‪Children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are at high risk of having insufficient physical activity during school days and, thus, the importance of special program in promoting regular physical exercise has been largely emphasized. Therefore, this study examined the levels of physical activity and glycemia control in children with T1D, with particular focus on the relative contributions of regular physical education and physical activity program during the diabetes camp.Material and methods:‪Ninety-eight children suffering from T1D for 3.0 ±1.4 years free of diabetic complications participated in the study. Glycemia, insulin doses and diet were monitored, and physical activity was repeatedly measured …

Supramaximal Intermittent Exercise ‒A Comparison Of Effects On Anaerobic And Aerobic Capacity In Trained Prepubertal Boys And Trained Adults, Anna Szczęsna Kaczmarek

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background:‪The aim of this study was to investigate possible variations in trained children and adults in physiological, metabolic and performance factors in response to supramaximal intermittent exercise.Material and methods:‪Fourteen adult trained men (eight long-distance runners and six sprinters) and seven 12-year-old trained boys performed two exercise tests on separate days: incremental cycloergometric test to determine VO2max, AT and a supramaximal intermittent exercise (SMIE) test to determine peak power, anaerobic and aerobic capacity and also blood acidification.Results:‪The results have shown similar relative values of VO2 max and total work performed in WAnT between boys and adult (p > 0.05) and significant differences …

Changes In The Body Posture Of Elder Women Under The Influence Of Various Nordic Walking Training Programs, Monika Wiech, Krzysztof Prusik, Zbigniew Ossowski, Jakub Kortas

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background:‪One of the effects of involution is the change in the body posture. Muscles lose their flexibility and strength, causing the typical changes in body posture of the elderly. Hyperkyphosis is a typical feature of the posture, which leads to serious health problems. The aim of the study was to analyse changes in the body posture of elderly women who took part in diversified Nordic walking training.Material and methods:‪The study group comprised 90 elderly women divided into two experimental groups and control. The main method was an experiment. The tested women took part in a 6-month Nordic walking training cycle. …

Workplace Exercises. Improvement Of Postural Stability Of Office Workers With Spine Dysfunctions Following A 21-Week Health Training Programme, Malłgorzata Kalwa, Bozena Ostrowska, Urszula Zywien, Tadeusz Stefaniak

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: ‪The study sought to assess the postural balance of office workers with spine dysfunctions before and after 5-month health training designed to improve postural stability. The essence of the work was also to know the relationship between balance exercises and the changes of spinal pain. Material and methods: ‪Persons qualified for the study were those who had worked for, at least, 6 years in a sitting position for approximately 8 hrs/day, completed a full training cycle and fulfilled all participation criteria (women, n=15). Results: ‪Exercising resulted in improved balance parameters, with attendance at 56% and the task completion rate …

Type Of Education And Life Experiencesin The Dual Career, Marek Graczyk, Anna Nawrocka, Paul Wylleman, Waldemar Moska, Tomasz Tomiak, Milena Lachowicz, Pawel Drobnik

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background:‪The objective of this study was to check whether the type of education is related to the development of a dual career in professional sport. Material and methods:‪This study used the Chi-square test of independence and Student’s t test to analyze 7 scenarios (not experienced and experienced) presented to the participants. A final survey-list, consisting of 38 items of competences (possession and importance) and completed by 243 young people: 218 (89.7%) athletes obtaining secondary education and 25 (10.3%) obtaining or having higher education. Results:‪There were statistically significant differences between people with higher education and secondary education in terms of possessed …

Analysis Of The Kinematic Parameters Of Squatting In Subjects With Different Levels Of Physical Activity – A Preliminary Study, Magdalena Zawadka, Edyta Lukasik, Maria Skublewska Paszkowska, Jakub Smolka, Piotr Gawda, Miroslaw Jablonski

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background:‪Bipedal leg squat is a common rehabilitation exercise. It is used for evaluation of lower limb function and pelvis and core stability. The aim of this study was a comparison of the lower limb, pelvis and spine ranges of motion in subjects with different declared physical activity level during bipedal squat. Material and methods:‪Twenty healthy student-volunteers took part in this investigation. Based on the author’s questionnaire, they were divided into two groups: “higher” and “lower” physical activity level. Participants performed a two-leg squat with maximal depth, and returned to the standing position. The tridimensional motion of the ankle, knee, hip, …

Is The Use Of Pedometers Feasible For Identifying The Volume And Intensityof A Balance Specific Exercise Programme For Older Adults, Darja Rugelj, Renata Vauhnik

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: ‪Exercise programmes consisting of stepping were found to significantly reduce incidence of falls in the elderly. The aim of this case study was to evaluate the feasibility of step counts and to identify a specific dose, i.e. the amount and intensity of stepping during a multicomponent balance specific exercise programme. Material and methods: ‪Thirty fit community-dwelling older adults (69.7 ±6.2 years) participated in the study. The number of steps and the intensity of stepping per training unit was recorded with StepWatch pedometers. Results: ‪The average recorded number of steps per one-hour training unit was 1100 ±215. The intensity level …