Sports Studies Commons^™

Mental And Physical Health In General Population During Covid-19: Systematic Review And Narrative Synthesis, Feifei Wang, Szilvia Boros

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The outbreak of COVID-19 changed the normality of daily life. Due to mobility restriction measures, physical and mental health in general population became a remarkable concern for researchers and health professionals. Material and methods: This article briefly reviews the evidence of mental and physical health consequences during COVID-19 pandemic. The review was conducted in October 2020 through PubMed and Web of Science with the searching frame: Mental health and Physical health and COVID-19. The study selection process followed the PRISMA flow diagram. Results: The reported mental consequences were mainly negative psychological effects including stress symptoms, anxiety, and depression. The …

The Influence Of Whole Body Cryotherapy On Plasma Concentration Of Melatonin And Serotonin In Patients With Osteoarthrosis Of The Lumbar Spine, Marta Barlowska-Trybulec, Joanna Szklarczyk, Jolanta Jaworek

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: ‪Osteoarthrosis (OA) is the most common disease affecting mankind. There are many physiotherapeutic methods of treating OA symptoms. One of them is whole body cryotherapy (WBCT). The aim of this study was to present the impact of WBCT combined with kinesiotherapy on functional efficiency and changes in plasma concentrations of serotonin and melatonin in patients with lumbar spine OA. Material and methods: ‪60 patients underwent a series of WBCT combined with kinesiotherapy (group A). 60 patients underwent a series of kinesiotherapy alone (group B). Before and after the therapy patients were examined by Rolland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ), and …

Characteristics Of The Roles Of Mothers Of Children With Intellectual Disabilities As A Basis For Their Individual Therapy, Marcin Bialas

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: ‪Women enjoy a variety of social roles during their lives. Among the commonly known ones, which include e.g. the roles of wives and mothers, there are also those that radically change the scenario of one’s past life. These include the role of mothers of children with intellectual disabilities. After all, the hardships associated with caring for them and with their upbringing, influence their mothers' perception of the world, change the existing family and professional social relations, determine the choice of values, and limit or block the goals set to date. It seemed interesting to the author of the study …

School Injuries And Their Prevention From The Present Perspective, Václav Beranek, Petr Stastny, Vit Novacek

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: ‪Injuries are considered worldwide to be the most significant health problem, especially in childhood. In the Czech Republic, injuries are the most common cause of death among children and young adults. The aim of the study was to provide more insight in school accidents in the Czech Republic from 2008 to 2018 and to estimate future trends. Material and methods: ‪Annual reports of the Czech School Inspectorate (CSI) from 2007 to 2017 were the main sources of data. Results: ‪A high number of injuries occur in the school environment, especially at the primary level. In the Czech Republic, there …

Skeletal Muscle Index And Its Association With Mobility Among Community‐Dwelling Older Women, Zbigniew M. Ossowski

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Conclusions: The study findings highlight the complaints of people with moderate myopia compared to people without myopia concerning both their quality of life and musculoskeletal problems.

The Quality Of Life, Neck And Shoulder Area Dysfunction And Upper Body Posture Among People With And Without Moderate Myopia, Hanna Kalajas-Tilga, Kuldar Kaljurand, Doris Vahtrik

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The current study aimed to examine the quality of life, dysfunction in the neck area and upper body posture among people with moderate myopia and to analyse the relationship between myopia and upper body posture. Material and methods: ‪Participants were 11 people with moderate myopia (MG) and 11 people without myopia (CG). The general quality of life was evaluated with the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), neck area pain with the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and discomfort with the Neck Bournemouth Questionnaire (NBQ). The National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ25) was used to measure vision-targeted health. Upper …

Purslane Supplementation Lowers Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory And Muscle Damage Biomarkers After High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise In Female Runners, Anis Charkhi Sahl Abad, Amine Ghram, Rahman Soori, Ali Akbarnejad, Fatemeh Azizi Ghuchan, Mohammad Mehdi Zare, Anthony C. Hackney, Stephen J. Bailey

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of purslane supplementation on oxidative stress, inflammation and muscle damage biomarkers after completing high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE). Methods: Nine healthy female runners completed a HIIE treadmill protocol comprising 1 min at 100% of the peak treadmill velocity attained in a preliminary exhaustive incremental treadmill test, interspersed by 1 min of passive recovery, until they had run for 2.5 km. Athletes repeated this test following 10 days of supplementation with 1000 mg per day of purslane. Results: At baseline (i.e., absence of purslane supplementation) the HIIE protocol increased 9-HODE (p < 0.001), 13-HODE (p < 0.001), IL-17 (p < 0.001), TNF-α (p < 0.001), and LDH (p < 0.001). After purslane consumption, resting 9-HODE, 13-HODE, IL-17, TNF-α, and LDH were lowered (p < 0.001) and IL-10 was increased (p < 0.001) compared to before purslane supplementation. After purslane consumption and following the HIIE protocol, the responses of these biomarkers were lower compared to baseline (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Ten days of purslane supplementation blunted the perturbation to biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation and muscle damage in female runners completing a HIIE protocol.

Static Balance And Proprioception Evaluation In Deaf National Basketball Players, Gamze Cobanoglu, Sinem Suner-Keklik, Cagatay Gokdogan, Nihan Kafa, Seyfi Savas, Nevin A. Guzel

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: ‪Because of the proximity of anatomical structures involved in auditory and vestibular functions, complications concerning the inner ear may lead to problems involving both systems. This study investigated whether static balance and knee proprioception in deaf basketball players are different from those in individuals with normal hearing. Material and methods: ‪12 deaf national basketball players and 13 individuals with normal hearing were included. Static balance was evaluated using the Biodex-BioSway Balance System. Knee proprioception was assessed using a Dualer IQ Digital Inclinometer with the active angle repetition test. Results: ‪The dominant-side mediolateral stability index and non-dominant-side overall, anteroposterior, and …

The Relationship Between Scapular Endurance And Core Endurance In Elite Amputee Football Players, Gurkan Gunaydin

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: Body structure constitutes a kinetic chain with thoracolumbar fascia and this chain may induce a relationship between scapular and spinal stabilizers. Amputee soccer players use crutches during the game and, considering that the crutch use may also activate different muscle groups, the possibility of the relationship between scapular and spinal stabilizers becomes important for organizing training programs. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between scapular endurance and core endurance in elite amputee players. Material and methods: Fifteen male amputee national football team players took part in the study. The players’ scapular endurance was evaluated by …

Effective Lifeguard Scanning: A Review, Stephen J. Langendorfer Ph.D., Francesco (Frank) A. Pia Ph.D., Angela K. Beale-Tawfeeq Ph.D.

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

The purpose of this scientific review was to address the question of what evidence-based visual surveillance/scanning skills exist in the peer-reviewed scholarly literature. It is well known that lifeguards spend a majority of their on-duty time surveying bathers and swimmers in the water. Lifeguards need to quickly distinguish among swimmers in distress and drowning persons from other bathers in order to rapidly come to their aid to prevent drowning. To be able to accomplish this task, Signal Detection Theory reveals that lifeguards need specific and extensive training in identifying the behavioral patterns associated with drowning persons and swimmers in distress. …

Lifeguard Performance Skills: A Systematic Review, Paulo Santiago, Filipe Maia, Sandra Santiago, Daniel Duarte, Pedro Teques

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Drowning is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and lifeguards’ action can be regarded as a significant contribution to change that reality. In this regard, the purpose of this systematic review was to identify factors associated with lifeguards’ performance. After extensive research on PsycArticles, PsicBooks, PsycInfo, SportDiscus, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus and SportDiscus databases, containing the keywords “lifeguard” AND “performance”, “lifeguard” AND “skills” and “lifeguard” AND “drowning”, we obtained 429 research articles. After eliminating duplicates, excluding those that had no relevance to the study, and screening against set criteria, a total of five articles were fully reviewed. …

How To Hiit While Pregnant? The Protocol Characteristics And Effects Of High Intensity Interval Training Implemented During Pregnancy – A Systematic Review, Anna Szumilewicz, Rita Santos-Rocha, Aneta Worska, Magdalena Piernicka, Hongli Yu, Simona Pajaujiene, Najmeh-Alsadat Shojaeian, Miguel Angel Oviedo-Caro

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

There is strong scientific evidence that prenatal physical activity of moderate-to-high in-tensity is a prerequisite of the proper course of pregnancy, childbirth and fetus development. How-ever, to date little data have been available on high intensity interval training (HIIT) performed during pregnancy. Following the PRISMA guidelines, this systematic review aimed at: first, to characterize HIIT protocols used or planned to be implemented during pregnancy; second, to determine their training effects on participant’s health and obstetric outcomes. We included nine original works and three clinical trials in the analysis. The HIIT protocols substantially differed in terms of the training components (type, …

The Athletic Identity Of Collegiate Athletic Trainers: A Descriptive Study, Christianne M. Eason, Stephanie H. Clines

Athletic Training Faculty Publications

Context: Empirical and anecdotal evidence suggest that many athletic trainers were former athletes and select the profession due to its affiliation with sport. Qualitative research has indicated that collegiate athletic trainers may have a strong athletic identity, but the concept of athletic identity has not been quantified in this population.

Objective: To quantitatively asses the athletic identity of collegiate athletic trainers and determine if group differences exist.

Design: Cross-sectional observational study.

Setting: Collegiate clinical setting.

Patients and other participants: A total of 257 (n = 93 (37%) males, n = 162 (63%) females) athletic trainers employed in the collegiate setting …

An Interactive Game With Virtual Reality Immersion To Improve Cultural Sensitivity In Health Care, Paul J. Hershberger, Yong Pei, Timothy N. Crawford, Sabrina M. Neeley, Thomas Wischgoll, Dixit B. Patel, Miteshkumar M. Vasoya, Angie Castle, Sankalp Mishra, Lahari Surapaneni, Aman A. Pogaku, Aishwarya Bositty, Todd Pavlack

Health and Sport Science Faculty Publications

Purpose: Biased perceptions of individuals who are not part of one's in-groups tend to be negative and habitual. Because health care professionals are no less susceptible to biases than are others, the adverse impact of biases on marginalized populations in health care warrants continued attention and amelioration.Method: Two characters, a Syrian refugee with limited English proficiency and a black pregnant woman with a history of opioid use disorder, were developed for an online training simulation that includes an interactive life course experience focused on social determinants of health, and a clinical encounter in a community health center utilizing virtual reality …

Fit To Be Good: Physical Fitness Is Negatively Associated With Deviance, Kenneth Tai, Yuchuan Liu, Marko Pitesa, Sandy Lim, Yew Kwan Tong, Richards Arvey

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

While modern organizations generate economic value, they also produce negative externalities in terms of human physical fitness, such that workers globally are becoming physically unfit. In the current research, we focus on a significant but overlooked indirect cost that lack of physical fitness entails—deviance. In contrast to early (and methodologically limited) research in criminology, which suggests that physically fit people are more likely to behave in a deviant manner, we draw on self-control theory to suggest the opposite: that physically fit people are less likely to engage in deviance. In Study 1, concurrent as well as time-lagged analyses of a …

Title Ix At 50: Exploring The Impact Of The Law On Cases Of Sexual Misconduct And Participation Equity In Athletics, Erica J. Zonder, Emily J. Houghton

Human Performance Department Publications

June 23, 2022 will mark the 50th anniversary of Title IX; during that time frame there has been a drastic increase in girl’s and women’s participation in sport. There has also been significant political debate and push back to Title IX which has threatened to undermine the impact of the law. Over the last 10 years, Title IX has been synonymous with litigation related to sexual harassment and transgender athlete participation in sport. Additionally, universities have continually sought to cut women’s sports under the guise of budgetary constraints. The purpose of this poster presentation is three-fold: 1) Review recent case …

Angular Momentum In Skilled Kicking Pullover Performed By Elementary School Children, Yutaka Shimizu, Saburo Nishimura, Shoichi Matsushita

Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology

Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology Volume 3: Issue 1, Article 2, 2022. This study aimed to clarify the differences in body positions and the role of the swing leg, support leg, and head-arm-trunk segment in generating and maintaining angular momentum of the whole body about a horizontal bar as well as how to improve the skill level of successful kicking pullover attempts. Two-dimensional kinematic parameters of successful kicking pullover attempts and body composition indices of 26 fifth-grade elementary school children were collected. Their techniques were classified into excellent and good groups based on the subjective evaluation of three evaluators. …

“It’S Up To Us:” Factors Influencing The Perspectives And Practices Of Instructors Working In An Out-Of-School Swimming Program For Underserved Children And Youth, Daniela M. Susnara, Matthew Curtner-Smith

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

The purposes of this study were (a) to describe the perspectives and practices of instructors working in an out-of-school swimming program (OSSP) for underserved children and youth and (b) to examine the factors which shaped these perspectives and practices. The theoretical framework employed was occupational socialization. Two female instructors participated in the study. Five qualitative techniques were used to collect data and standard interpretive techniques were employed to analyze them. Key findings were that the instructors were highly skilled and had well-developed sets of beliefs about teaching swimming and working with disadvantaged children and youth. These perspectives and practices were …

Effects Of A Demand-Valve Scuba Regulator On Cardiorespiratory Response During Submaximal Exercise Under Normobaric Conditions: A Preliminary Investigation, Christopher R. Kovacs Ph.D., Camille Dhom B.S.

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

SCUBA diving fatalities are often related to cardiac events triggered by stress linked to equipment. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of a SCUBA regulator on cardiorespiratory exercise at a submaximal workload. Ten participants (mean = 21.5 yrs; s.d. = 1.16) completed two submaximal exercise tests at 1 ATA; one while breathing normally and a second while breathing directly from a demand valve SCUBA regulator. Total time to test completion (TOT), heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and arterial oxygen levels were all assessed. No significant differences between conditions were found …

Examining Youth Conceptualizations Of Water Safety Behaviors Among Participants In A Learn-To-Swim Program, Austin R. Anderson, Kristina R. Anderson, William D. Ramos, Angela K. Beale-Tawfeeq

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Drowning represents a leading cause of unintentional deaths among children. Concomitantly, while formal swim instruction often incorporates water safety practices, the efficacy of these messages remains largely unexplored. This qualitative-based study sought to evaluate how youth apply learned water safety concepts when posed with a hypothetical aquatic scenario. Semi-structured interviews, augmented by use of a visual illustration prompt, were conducted with 29 participants of a youth Learn-to-Swim (LTS) program. Interviews assessed participants’ expressed water safety behaviors and were coded based on emergent themes. Findings indicated that most participants were able to identify a “struggling” swimmer in the dramatized illustration. When …