Infidelity, Liability, And Violence,
2023
West Virginia University
Infidelity, Liability, And Violence, Jason Manning
Qualitative Criminology (QC)
Much criminal violence arises from conflict and is moralistic. The perpetrator is punishing someone for a perceived wrong. Liability refers to accountability for a wrong: Who exactly has to suffer punishment? Here I argue that violence arising from infidelity and sexual jealousy is a strategic research site for studying liability. When these matters trigger lethal violence, there is variation in who the perpetrator targets. Using detailed descriptions of US homicides, as well as the cross-cultural ethnographic literature, I describe and classify three patterns of liability: mate, rival, and dual. I conclude by suggesting sociological factors relevant to explaining these patterns …
“Title Ix Isn’T For You, It’S For The University”: Sexual Violence Survivors’ Experiences Of Institutional Betrayal In Title Ix Investigations,
2023
California State University
“Title Ix Isn’T For You, It’S For The University”: Sexual Violence Survivors’ Experiences Of Institutional Betrayal In Title Ix Investigations, Katherine Lorenz, Rebecca Hayes, Cathrine Jacobsen
Qualitative Criminology (QC)
Institutional betrayal occurs when an institution fails to appropriately respond to harm experienced by a member of the institution, such as by failing to act or by mishandling cases. The concept has been applied to higher education institution’s (HEI’s) response to students who experience sexual violence, particularly Title IX investigations, showing that institutional betrayal is common among student survivors. Yet, to our knowledge, institutional betrayal in HEI Title IX investigations has not been qualitatively explored. We conducted interviews of graduate and undergraduate student sexual violence survivors (n=21) who participated in a Title IX investigation at a U.S. HEI to understand …
Treating Criminal Justice-Involved Serious Mental Illness (Smi) Clients In The Community,
2023
Texas A & M International University
Treating Criminal Justice-Involved Serious Mental Illness (Smi) Clients In The Community, Brittany Hood
Qualitative Criminology (QC)
With criminal justice-involved individuals with serious mental illness (SMI) at an all-time high in the criminal justice system, research on community mental health centers (CMHCs) demonstrates a lack of treatment for justice-involved persons. Scholars have argued that providing appropriate treatment to criminal justice-involved individuals with SMI could alleviate symptoms. Therefore improving the effectiveness of mental health treatment to reduce recidivism in this population is paramount. The current study used a qualitative approach to examine how community service providers perceived organizational-level variables and legal constraints to influence treatment decisions for justice-involved individuals with SMI. Findings suggest three critical implications for policy …
With Liberty And Justice For The Wealthy: The Criminalization Of The American Poor,
2023
University of Nebraska - Lincoln
With Liberty And Justice For The Wealthy: The Criminalization Of The American Poor, Ashlyn Dickmeyer
Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)
The last phrase of the Pledge of Allegiance states “with liberty and justice for all”. However, not everyone has access to this liberty and justice. Liberty and justice can be bought in this country for a price, and those who can’t afford to pay it are often left in the hands of those who can. One of the most prominent ways to see this is by analyzing the criminal justice system. Despite clauses in the Fourteenth Amendment and court cases like Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) establishing and upholding that the poor are entitled to equal treatment within the criminal justice …
Sustainable, Accessible, Feasible, Effective (Safe) School Safety Planning: Educator Preparedness In Crisis Detection And Response,
2023
Georgia Southern University
Sustainable, Accessible, Feasible, Effective (Safe) School Safety Planning: Educator Preparedness In Crisis Detection And Response, Katherine Fallon, Juliann Sergi Mcbrayer, Dawn Tysinger, Chad Posick, Mary Jo Carney
National Youth Advocacy & Resilience Conference
As incidents of school violence have hit the news media, school safety is of increasing interest to scholars and practitioners. Unfortunately, schools are ill-equipped to prevent violence and intervene when it occurs. This presentation will discuss how research can inform school readiness and public policy to prevent and intervene in violence.
Justice System Contact And Health: Do Immigrants Fair Better Or Worse Than The Native-Born After Arrest, Probation, Or Incarceration?,
2023
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Justice System Contact And Health: Do Immigrants Fair Better Or Worse Than The Native-Born After Arrest, Probation, Or Incarceration?, Casey T. Harris, Michael Nino, Zhe (Meredith) Zhang, Mia Robert
Sociology and Criminology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Despite decades of both macro- and micro-level studies showing immigration to be unassociated or negatively linked to crime, research examining the consequences of justice system contact among immigrants has been comparatively underdeveloped. The current study examines whether justice system contact (arrest, probation, and incarceration) is linked to poorer health and, in turn, whether there were differences in how justice system contact is related to immigrant versus native-born health. Using data from multiple waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), we construct both ordinal and Poisson regression models predicting poor self-rated health and the prevalence …
The Superstition That Enslaves Virgin Girls In Ghana: An Exploration Of The Origins, Evolution, And Practice Of Trokosi,
2023
Aberystwyth University, Wales, UK
The Superstition That Enslaves Virgin Girls In Ghana: An Exploration Of The Origins, Evolution, And Practice Of Trokosi, Emmanuel Sarpong Owusu
Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence
Trokosi is a religious practice in some parts of West Africa where young virgin girls are sent to fetish shrines to become sex slaves as part of rituals meant to prevent a communal calamity supposedly provoked by the transgressions of members of the girls’ family. This study offers additional insight into the concept, origins, evolution, and practice of trokosi, highlighting the cultural, socio-economic, and legal contexts of this practice in Ghana. This goal is achieved by reviewing pertinent literature and interviewing 10 participants: academics; activists; traditional leaders; and ordinary community members. The study establishes that trokosi, which is …
Exploring Facilitators, Barriers And Concerns Of Police Using Social Media When Investigating Missing Children,
2023
University of Manchester
Exploring Facilitators, Barriers And Concerns Of Police Using Social Media When Investigating Missing Children, Eleanor Howlings, Reka Solymosi
International Journal of Missing Persons
Missing person investigations involve the collection of information to ensure the person is located as fast as possible, minimising their exposure to harms. Social media is a valuable source of information in police investigations both to learn about the missing person, and to appeal for information to the public. To ensure social media is used safely and effectively, we must understand the concerns and experiences of investigating officers. In this pilot study, we analysed interviews from 8 experts who investigate missing children to identify the facilitators and barriers of using social media. We also identified concerns raised by officers around …
Can Undergraduate Artists With No Training In Forensic Art Produce Accurate Age Progressions?,
2023
Texas A&M University-San Antonio
Can Undergraduate Artists With No Training In Forensic Art Produce Accurate Age Progressions?, William B. Erickson, James Lampinen, Charlie Frowd, Gregory Mahoney
International Journal of Missing Persons
When children go missing and remain missing for long periods of time, authorities sometimes retain forensic artists to age progress the last known picture to provide an estimate of the current appearance. In the present research, undergraduate artists with no training in forensic art were asked to age progress images of children to an adult appearance. Similarity of age progressions produced by undergraduate artists were as similar to the corresponding targets as were age progressions produced by practicing forensic artists. However, age progressions produced by undergraduate artists were rated as being more similar to description matched foils than were the …
Volusia County, Fl Mental Health And Substance Use Disorder Treatment Gap Analysis,
2023
University of Central Florida
Volusia County, Fl Mental Health And Substance Use Disorder Treatment Gap Analysis, Amy Donley Phd, Jacquelyn Reiss, Caroline Austin
Institute for Social and Behavioral Science (ISBS)
The University of Central Florida's Institute for Social and Behavioral Science (ISBS) partnered with Volusia County to undertake a gap analysis focused on mental health and substance use disorder treatment. Specifically, we designed a study to determine the capacity of treatment options, identify barriers to seeking treatment, and illuminate what works particularly well. The gap analysis results can guide future decisions on allocating resources best to ensure that treatment is accessible to all in need.
Incarcerated Bodies – Embodied Autoethnography In Prison,
2023
Al-Quasemi Academic College, University of Haifa
Incarcerated Bodies – Embodied Autoethnography In Prison, Shulamit Kitzis
The Qualitative Report
Prison is a study field in which everyone – inmates, guards, and prison researchers – experiences powerful sensory stimuli comprised of sounds, sights, and smells in a crowded, closed space. Yet traditional academic research has socialized researchers to “wash away” their physical and emotional feelings for fear they would jeopardize the scientific nature and validity of their studies. Nevertheless, at times in a prison setting, the researchers’ bodies are the only tool that enables them to document what goes on; so much so that ignoring their bodies and emotions leads to a loss of valuable information. Using embodied autoethnography (EA), …
Shared Responsibility: Conceptualising How A Public Health Approach May Enhance Police Response To Missing Persons,
2023
University of Edinburgh
Shared Responsibility: Conceptualising How A Public Health Approach May Enhance Police Response To Missing Persons, Katie Gambier-Ross, Joe Apps Dr, Sarah Wayland Dr
International Journal of Missing Persons
When a person is reported missing there are substantial costs for the individual, their family and society. This paper conceptualises the experience of missing persons episodes, through a public health approach. This then allows police, stakeholders and the community to engage in discussions about who is vulnerable to going missing by intervening in a way that addresses risk. Historically, a missing persons episode involves an absence, typically followed by police involvement in consultation with next of kin with establishing the whereabouts of the missing person being the primary focus. Yet, the risk factors of going missing relate more to the …
Minor Role: Youth Under Age 18 And New York City Violence,
2023
CUNY John Jay College
Minor Role: Youth Under Age 18 And New York City Violence, Jeffrey A. Butts, Sheyla A. Delgado, Richard A. Espinobarros
Publications and Research
Media outlets attribute recent concerns about increased violent crime in New York City to the behavior of juveniles and associate the increase with New York State's policy governing the handling of 16 and 17-year-olds in family courts rather than adult criminal courts. This databit explores age differences in violent crime arrests and shooting victimizations in New York City and finds the recent concerns to be misplaced.
Perceptions Of Law Enforcement Officers Regarding Eyewitness Identification Policies: A Survey Of Chief Executive Officers (Ceos) Of Arkansas Police Agencies.,
2023
Arkansas State University
Perceptions Of Law Enforcement Officers Regarding Eyewitness Identification Policies: A Survey Of Chief Executive Officers (Ceos) Of Arkansas Police Agencies., Chadwick Shane Henson
Student Theses and Dissertations
Eyewitness identification evidence is extremely dependent on the processes utilized by law enforcement to acquire and uphold the evidence. Unquestionably, research has led to a variety of significant findings regarding the ways in which law enforcement obtains identification evidence from eyewitnesses. Despite these findings and academics' best efforts to disseminate their results to public agencies, policymakers, and important law enforcement personnel using a variety of evidence, changes to policy and practice have been slow to come about, if they have come at all. Using a sample of Chief Executive Officers (CEO) of police agencies in Arkansas (N = 69), we …
Safety Behind The Computer Screen: Gauging Public Perceptions About Teacher Student Sexual Abuse,
2023
University of Arkansas Little Rock
Safety Behind The Computer Screen: Gauging Public Perceptions About Teacher Student Sexual Abuse, Kilby E. Raptopoulos
Theses and Dissertations
Female sex offenders are often portrayed in the media more leniently than male sex offenders, which could influence the way the public perceives these offenders. Further, the media is not always accurate in how they portray sex crimes either which can translate to misconceptions among the public specifically regarding sex offenders. The purpose of this research was to explore media coverage of teacher student sexual abuse in relation to the public’s reaction to these news stories. The current study utilized news stories to analyze reader comments on a news website to understand 1) how teacher sex offenders are portrayed, 2) …
The Process Of Sexual Misconduct By Male Teachers And Staff In K-12 Institutions,
2023
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
The Process Of Sexual Misconduct By Male Teachers And Staff In K-12 Institutions, Mollee Steely Smith
Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence
Despite the increased media attention of teachers who engage in sexual misconduct with their students, research on such incidents remains limited, specifically on how these incidents are initiated and evolve. The purpose of the current study was to examine the nature of sexual abuse incidents by K-12 teachers who engaged in sexual misconduct with students by focusing on the onset, progression, and conclusion of these cases. Data included 10 secondary narrative interviews with male sex offenders who used their position as school employees to target and engage in sexual misconduct with their students in 2014 in a southern state. All …
From Prostitution To Sex Trafficking: Dilemmas Of Victim Service Workers Helping Chinese Immigrant Women At The Courts,
2023
CUNY Graduate Center
From Prostitution To Sex Trafficking: Dilemmas Of Victim Service Workers Helping Chinese Immigrant Women At The Courts, Yen-Chiao Liao
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
This study aims to explore the policy ambivalence towards commercial sex trade, resulted by prostitution laws and anti-trafficking policies in the United States. It focuses on Chinese immigrant women and those who served them in the Human Trafficking Intervention Courts (the HTICs) in New York City. Specifically, it investigates the process of Chinese immigrant women becoming potential “victims” of sex trafficking from the perspectives of the service workers, the social workers and the public defenders. Though research on human trafficking seems to be exploding for the past decades since the passage of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA) in 2000, …
Bearer Negotiable Instruments: Addressing A Financial Intelligence Gap And Identifying Criminogenic Weaknesses,
2023
CUNY Graduate Center
Bearer Negotiable Instruments: Addressing A Financial Intelligence Gap And Identifying Criminogenic Weaknesses, Hollis B. Kegg
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Bearer Negotiable Instruments (BNI) are a long-standing category of financial instruments used to transfer large amounts of money in ways that may not be subject to regulation, reporting, tracking, review, or oversight. There is limited information available on BNIs, and no evidence that any studies have been undertaken on BNIs alone, much less reported. Increasingly, BNIs are being used for illegal purposes including money laundering. This study gathers information about their characteristics, nature, purpose, legal status, and numbers. It also focuses on the crime risks associated with BNIs, the crime opportunities they facilitate, and the criminal weaknesses in the financial …
A Structural Examination Of Organizational Justice, Self-Legitimacy, Employee Engagement, And Civic Engagement In Police,
2023
University of Arkansas Little Rock
A Structural Examination Of Organizational Justice, Self-Legitimacy, Employee Engagement, And Civic Engagement In Police, Mary Isis Wuestewald
Theses and Dissertations
Recently, the concept of police self-legitimacy has spurred research interest. Several studies have demonstrated beneficial outcomes associated with officers who are confident in their own authority. The current dissertation builds on this emerging area of study by examining the influence of organizational justice on police self-legitimacy, as well as self-legitimacy’s impact on employee engagement and civic engagement in police officers. Survey data were gathered from a sample of 1,391 officers from variously sized agencies across seven regions of the United States. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypotheses. The results indicate that organizational justice is a key component …
Hentai And The Pornification Of Childhood: How The Porn Industry Just Made The Case For Regulation,
2023
Wheelock College
Hentai And The Pornification Of Childhood: How The Porn Industry Just Made The Case For Regulation, Gail Dines, Mandy Sanchez
Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence
One of the most popular genres of online pornography today is hentai, sexualized animation, and cartoons in the style of Japanese anime. Data from Pornhub, the world’s best-known pornography website, as well as a recent report from a British regulatory agency and our research, show that much of hentai appeals to children and depicts child-like characters engaged in sexual violence. In almost every instance, this violence targets female characters. Hentai, we show, encourages adults to see minors, especially girls, as legitimate targets of sexual violence. Until the day when these depictions of sexual violence are eradicated, we call for three …
