Armed Off-Duty Police : Benefit Or Burden?,
2011
University at Albany, State University of New York
Armed Off-Duty Police : Benefit Or Burden?, Theresa C. Tobin
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This study examines the NYPD's Carry Policy; a policy allowing officers to be armed while off duty and informally in place for over 100 years and officially sanctioned since the 1940s. It was altered for the first time in 1981 and this research has analyzed ten sources of data during two recent decades (1990-1994 and 2000-2004). This
The Causes Of Risky Sexual Behavior Over The Adolescent-Young Adult Life Course And Its Consequences For Partner Relationships In Adulthood,
2011
University at Albany, State University of New York
The Causes Of Risky Sexual Behavior Over The Adolescent-Young Adult Life Course And Its Consequences For Partner Relationships In Adulthood, Nicole Marie Schmidt
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation uses data from the Rochester Youth Development Study (RYDS) to examine the causes and consequences of risky sexual behavior from adolescence through young adulthood using a developmental perspective. Developmental theories suggest that antisocial behavior, especially persistent antisocial behavior, during adolescence can amplify the effects of early family, school, and peer factors by setting in motion a chain of cumulative disadvantages that increase the likelihood that one will experience negative outcomes in adulthood. Drawing on developmental theories of antisocial behavior, the causes and consequences of risky sexual behavior are examined. First, wave-specific measures of risky sexual behavior spanning six …
Adolescent Dating Experience And Delinquency,
2011
University at Albany, State University of New York
Adolescent Dating Experience And Delinquency, Ryang Hui Kim
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The research literature on adolescent development has discussed adolescent dating in relation to behavioral changes. However, very little discussion has been devoted to theoretical explanations of the intricacies involved in the relationship between the adolescent dating experience and the development of delinquent behavior. Consequently, there seems to be a lack of understanding as to how dating activities in adolescence influence delinquency, aside from a general consensus that adolescent dating tends to be related to deviant behavior.
The Impact Of Exposure To Domestic Violence On Developmental Trajectories Of Depressive Symptoms And Antisocial Behavior Across The Transition To Adulthood,
2011
University at Albany, State University of New York
The Impact Of Exposure To Domestic Violence On Developmental Trajectories Of Depressive Symptoms And Antisocial Behavior Across The Transition To Adulthood, Aely Park
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Principal Aims:
Darwin's Other Idea : Sexual Selection, Gender And Violence,
2011
University at Albany, State University of New York
Darwin's Other Idea : Sexual Selection, Gender And Violence, Robert Samuel Moschgat
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation provides an empirical exploration of Darwin's theory of sexual selection, which views the male propensity to engage in short term mating strategies--sexual promiscuity and violence--as the result of sexual selection. Within an environmental context, biological father and mother household presence are expected to inhibit the initiation of short-term mating strategies and increase parental investment--paternal and maternal attachments, supervision, and protection. Whereas, structural disadvantage--living in poverty and in dangerous neighborhoods--is predicted to increase the initiation of a short-term mating strategies and compromise the parents' ability to protect their children and by weakening paternal and maternal attachments, thereby increasing the …
Residence Restriction Legislation, Sex Crime Rates, And The Spatial Distribution Of Sex Offender Residences,
2011
University at Albany, State University of New York
Residence Restriction Legislation, Sex Crime Rates, And The Spatial Distribution Of Sex Offender Residences, Kelly M. Socia
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Residence restrictions are one of the most recent, and most controversial, public policies seeking to protect community members from registered sex offenders (RSOs) reentering society following incarceration. Residence restriction policies prohibit RSOs from living within a given distance of certain places where children might gather (e.g., schools, daycares, parks, and playgrounds). In doing so, the expectation is that RSOs will have a harder time finding and approaching young children whom they can sexually assault, thus driving sexual recidivism rates down. These policies, first passed in 1995 at the state level and in 2005 at the county and local level, have …
Advice To Rape Victims : The Influence Of Beliefs About Rape And Opinions About Formal Support Providers,
2011
University at Albany, State University of New York
Advice To Rape Victims : The Influence Of Beliefs About Rape And Opinions About Formal Support Providers, Yumi Suzuki
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Despite the abundance of literature discussing rape, only a few studies examined others' influence on rape victims' decisions to seek further help as a remedy for recovering from violent victimizations. These studies showed that the majority of rape victims consulted friends or relatives and that rape victims in fact took this advice for their next action. However, there is a gap in our knowledge about the type and the frequency of advice given to rape victims. In order to add to the existing knowledge, this study examined the factors influencing friends' advice to (1) contact criminal justice professionals, (2) contact …
Carrying Weapons For Protection In The Workplace : Findings From The National Crime Victimization Survey, Workplace Risk Supplement,
2011
University at Albany, State University of New York
Carrying Weapons For Protection In The Workplace : Findings From The National Crime Victimization Survey, Workplace Risk Supplement, Matthew David Fetzer
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Decisions to carry weapons for protection in the workplace were examined in regard to relationships with collective security, routine work activities, fear and victimization. Using data from the National Crime Victimization Survey, logistic regression models were estimated on predictors of carrying firearms, knives, and pepper spray by workers in the US labor force. Results indicated that collective security, routine work activities, and prior victimization, and perceptions of risk had significant effects on decisions to carry weapons for protection. Gender-specific models were also estimated in order to determine how these factors differed for men and women. Men and women differed on …
Unstoppable? : A Closer Look At Terrorism Displacement,
2011
University at Albany, State University of New York
Unstoppable? : A Closer Look At Terrorism Displacement, Henda Yao Hsu
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Since T.A Repetto first introduced crime displacement in 1976, situational crime prevention researchers have long been challenged by the assumption that displacement is an unavoidable consequence of focused crime prevention measures. Despite evidence that criminals do not inevitably shift their offending behavior in response to crime prevention initiatives, recent efforts to extend situational prevention to terrorism have been met with criticisms of displacement. This study examines whether terrorists displace their attacks by changing their methods once the opportunities to carry out acts of terrorism are blocked. To accomplish this, the author examines, through the use of the newly synthesized Global …
The Value Of Human Life : An Individual-Level Determinant Of Violence,
2011
University at Albany, State University of New York
The Value Of Human Life : An Individual-Level Determinant Of Violence, Maria Tcherni
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
My contribution to the study of causes of violence in criminology is introducing a theoretical concept of the Value of Life (VL) and developing an empirical solution to measuring it. The value that an individual implicitly assigns to the human life - both his/her own life and other people's lives - is a theoretical concept that synthesizes information about precursors, correlates, and determinates of violence. The VL concept provides a meaningful way to explain some phenomena not commonly associated with violent behavior (for example, reckless behavior with regard to one's health), while also illuminating some puzzling associations consistently found in …
Dynamic Peer Networks : A Longitudinal Study Of Peer Influence On Delinquency During Adolescence,
2011
University at Albany, State University of New York
Dynamic Peer Networks : A Longitudinal Study Of Peer Influence On Delinquency During Adolescence, Carter Rees
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The purpose of this dissertation is to further understand who matters in the adolescent/peer delinquency relationship by exploring different definitions of the term friend and how changes in these friends are related to adolescent delinquency.
Risk Clusters, Hotspots, And Spatial Intelligence: Risk Terrain Modeling As An Algorithm For Police Resource Allocation Strategies,
2011
Rutgers University
Risk Clusters, Hotspots, And Spatial Intelligence: Risk Terrain Modeling As An Algorithm For Police Resource Allocation Strategies, Leslie W. Kennedy, Joel M. Caplan, Eric L. Piza
Publications and Research
The study reported here follows the suggestion by Caplan et al. (Justice Q, 2010) that risk terrain modeling (RTM) be developed by doing more work to elaborate, operationalize, and test variables that would provide added value to its application in police operations. Building on the ideas presented by Caplan et al., we address three important issues related to RTM that sets it apart from current approaches to spatial crime analysis. First, we address the selection criteria used in determining which risk layers to include in risk terrain models. Second, we compare the ‘‘best model’’ risk terrain derived from our analysis …
Storm Spotting And Amateur Radio: A Field Guide For Volunteer Storm Spotters,
2011
University of Mississippi
Storm Spotting And Amateur Radio: A Field Guide For Volunteer Storm Spotters, Michael Patrick Corey
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Volunteers have played a critical part in relaying weather information since the middle 19th century. The effort of these volunteers has helped safeguard life and property when severe weather threatens. For almost 100 years Amateur Radio operators have played a critical part in severe weather preparedness and response. Amateur Radio operators not only bring a willingness to serve, but communications skills that provide an added benefit to any storm spotter program. The National Weather Service recognized this when developing the SKYWARN program during the 1960’s. Amateur Radio and the National Weather Service have developed over the last 40 years a …
The Egg, Sperm, And Beyond: Gendered Assumptions In Gynecology Textbooks,
2011
Gonzaga University
The Egg, Sperm, And Beyond: Gendered Assumptions In Gynecology Textbooks, Andrea Bertotti, Regina Rust
Sociology & Criminology Faculty Research
No abstract provided.
Voices Of Latino/A Immigrants In Southeast Michigan: Beyond The Criminal/Victim Dichotomy,
2011
Eastern Michigan University
Voices Of Latino/A Immigrants In Southeast Michigan: Beyond The Criminal/Victim Dichotomy, Maya Barak
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Following humanitarian, social justice, and labor organizing traditions that readily incorporate Latino immigrants’ voices into their work, and drawing upon postmodern, feminist, and activist schools of thought, this study illuminates the history of immigration policy and discourse in America and the Latino community’s knowledge and expertise about life as an undocumented Latino immigrant in Southeast Michigan. The development of increasingly restrictive immigration policies is traced, paying special attention to the adaptation of a criminal justice/enforcement models to the realm of immigration control and the concurrent criminalization of undocumented immigrants. The effects of current immigration and immigrant-specific policies on criminal offenses …
Voices Of Parolees Who Have Chosen A Community College Element Within A Reentry Program,
2011
Western Michigan University
Voices Of Parolees Who Have Chosen A Community College Element Within A Reentry Program, Kristi S. Potts
Dissertations
The purpose of this phenomenological study was to describe and understand how parolees experience participating in the community college element of a reentry program. This program was located in a Midwestern county and the parolees who chose to participate in the higher education aspect of this reentry program were a small subset of those who participated in the overall reentry program. Research questions included: What influences a parolees' decision to enroll in the community college element within a reentry program? How do such parolees describe their experiences as a student in a community college? How do such parolees describe the …
Watching The Detectives: Crime Programming, Fear Of Crime, And Attitudes About The Criminal Justice System,
2011
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Watching The Detectives: Crime Programming, Fear Of Crime, And Attitudes About The Criminal Justice System, Lisa A. Kort-Butler, Kelley J. Sittner Hartshorn
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
Research demonstrates a complex relationship between television viewing and fear of crime. Social critics assert that media depictions perpetuate the dominant cultural ideology about crime and criminal justice. This article examines whether program type differentially affects fear of crime and perceptions of the crime rate. Next, it tests whether such programming differentially affects viewers’ attitudes about the criminal justice system, and if these relationships are mediated by fear. Results indicated that fear mediated the relationship between viewing nonfictional shows and lack of support for the justice system. Viewing crime dramas predicted support for the death penalty, but this relationship was …
Exploiting Borders: The Political Economy Of Local Backlash Against Undocumented Immigrants,
2011
University of Dayton
Exploiting Borders: The Political Economy Of Local Backlash Against Undocumented Immigrants, Jamie Longazel, Benjamin Fleury-Steiner
Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work Faculty Publications
Four years prior to Arizona's passage of one of the most far-reaching pieces of anti-Latino immigrant legislation signed into law in decades,3 demands to "seal off the border"4 were being made thousands of miles from the U.S.-Mexico divide. In 2006, Hazleton, Pennsylvania, passed equally harsh legislation aimed at keeping undocumented immigrants out of their community. During this time, commentators described the local backlash in Hazleton and other small cities across the United States as akin to "the opening of a deep and profound fissure in the American landscape" 5 wherein "all immigration politics is local." 6 Yet, as the so-called …
Empathic Development Of Counselor Trainees For Difficult Clients Through Film And Narrative,
2011
Minnesota State University, Mankato
Empathic Development Of Counselor Trainees For Difficult Clients Through Film And Narrative, Kristin Elisabeth Matson
All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects
This paper posits that to develop empathy, similar to cross-cultural counseling competencies, counselor trainees should be exposed to life experiences of various clients, especially those deemed challenging, and which counselor trainees indicate no desire to work. As it is impractical to expect counselors to experience every type of client, learning about populations through narrative or film may be an option (Gladstein & Feldstein, 1983; Kurkijan & Banks, 1978; Pearson, 2003). Specifically, empathy in masters level counselor trainees both pre and post exposure to narrative and film depictions of violent juvenile offenders was explored. Results indicated that exposure to juvenile offenders …
Exploring Justice For Crime Victims: Characteristics And Contexts Of Crime Victims' Experiences With The Criminal Justice System,
2011
Loyola University Chicago
Exploring Justice For Crime Victims: Characteristics And Contexts Of Crime Victims' Experiences With The Criminal Justice System, Phillip James Stevenson
Dissertations
During the last three decades, crime victims have increasingly been recognized by the criminal justice system as more than just witnesses for the prosecution. For example, in all 50 states crime victims are afforded specific statutory rights ranging from being treated with dignity and respect to having the opportunity to participate in the justice process, the latter most commonly seen during the sentencing phase where victims address the court and their offenders and describes how the crime has impacted their lives. Additionally, an increase in the number and type of programs based on the philosophy of restorative justice in recent …
