Bureaucratic Politics Run Amok: The United States And Satellite Export Controls,
2023
University of Nebraska at Omaha
Bureaucratic Politics Run Amok: The United States And Satellite Export Controls, Eligar Sadeh
Space and Defense
The case of export controls of United States (U.S.) commercial satellites is characterized by bureaucratic politics leading to policy outcomes that are not rational, i.e., the desired outcome of national security is not met and commerce in the satellite sector is harmed. The constraints to rational policy making are a result of competition, conflict, and protectionism, the “bureaucratic politics,” among the relevant actors including the U.S. President and Congress, Department of State (State), Department of Commerce (Commerce), and Department of Defense (DOD). It is bureaucratic politics that result in policies for licensing the export of commercial satellites that are far …
The American Bubble: International Traffic In Arms Regulations And Space Commerce,
2023
University of Central Florida
The American Bubble: International Traffic In Arms Regulations And Space Commerce, Roger Handberg
Space and Defense
International space commerce in the United States (U.S.) has entered into a period of great uncertainty regarding its current and future competitiveness and marketability of its products. This question arises because the U.S. with regard to space commerce remains frozen in a posture established first during the Cold War. The concern then was that no critical technologies be made available to U.S. enemies and their fellow travelers. The former were obvious while the latter were more problematic since that group also included states with which the U.S. wished to establish more positive relations including international trade. The mechanism used to …
The History Of United States Weapons Export Control Policy,
2023
University of Nebraska at Omaha
The History Of United States Weapons Export Control Policy, Taylor Dinerman
Space and Defense
All nations regulate Arms sales, but the United States (U.S.) has traditionally gone further than most. After World War I, a conspiracy theory made its way into popular culture that blamed the war, and specifically the U.S. intervention in 1917, on the so called “merchants of death.” Ever since, this has been a powerful and enduring theme in politics and culture throughout the world. Yet, nowhere have the effects of this theory been more enduring than in U.S. policy and law.
Editorial,
2023
University of Nebraska at Omaha
Table Of Contents Volume 2 No. 1,
2023
University of Nebraska at Omaha
Table Of Contents Volume 2 No. 1, Space And Defense
Space and Defense
No abstract provided.
Front Matter Volume 2 No. 1,
2023
University of Nebraska at Omaha
Front Matter Volume 2 No. 1, Space And Defense
Space and Defense
No abstract provided.
China And Asia Space Policy Update,
2023
L3 Corporation
China And Asia Space Policy Update, John D. Wolf
Space and Defense
You can’t believe everything you hear about the Chinese space program. I worked in Beijing in the late 1990s, and there I encountered a man named Mr. Li. Mr. Li spoke good English, appeared well educated, and claimed to have been in the Chinese Air Force. He would sometimes talk with me about the Chinese space program, particularly about the Chinese space launch facility in Tibet where they were preparing for a mission to the Moon some time before the end of 1999. The purpose of the mission, he said, was to crack open the Moon to allow the Earth …
European Space Policy Update,
2023
Aerospace Corporation
European Space Policy Update, Richard Buenneke
Space and Defense
Four decades after the first autonomous European satellite launch, Europe found itself at a crossroads regarding the course of its security space programs. Facing continued struggles to develop dedicated military satellites at the national level, Europe considered a strategy based on dual-use technology and past successes in civilian launch and satellite programs. This approach centered on a series of “great projects” for navigation, global monitoring, and space situational awareness.
Russian Space Policy Update,
2023
University of Nebraska at Omaha
Russian Space Policy Update, William P. Barry
Space and Defense
With the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1992, the Russian Federation found itself the inheritor of much of the Soviet space program. However, this “new”country also had a new leadership that had little interest in a space effort that was viewed as tainted by its close association with the leadership of the Communist Party and its management through the Soviet defense industry bureaucracy. In addition, the extraordinary budgets and priorities assigned to resources designated for space efforts were a luxury that Russia could now little afford. In the face of these enormous challenges, the Russian Space Agency was created …
United States Policy Update,
2023
Aerospace Corporation
United States Policy Update, James Vedda
Space and Defense
This first installment of the Journal’s U.S. space policy update will recap significant developments since the beginning of the George W. Bush administration. The formal mechanism chosen by the administration to deal with policy issues is the Policy Coordinating Committee (PCC) system, composed of high-level officials from throughout the executive branch. This system was established by National Security Presidential Directive (NSPD)-1, dated 13 February 2001, which set up 6 regional and 11 topic area PCCs, none of which addressed space issues.
Space Control, Diplomacy, And Strategic Integration,
2023
National Defense University
Space Control, Diplomacy, And Strategic Integration, R. Joseph Desutter
Space and Defense
As U.S. space capability came of age in the early 1960s it made substantive arms control negotiations possible. Arms control proponents like to argue that treaties, in turn, legitimated spy satellites by acknowledging their existence and sanctioning their use for verification. But the half-century old relationship between satellite technology and arms control has hardly been marked by such reciprocity. While satellite technology has enabled arms control, arms control has imposed nontrivial constraints on America’s strategic exploitation of outer space. In bureaucratic terms, Department of Defense (DOD) exploitation of outer space has been retarded by State Department instruments that were only …
Establishing Space Security: A Prescription For A Rules-Based Approach,
2023
United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research
Establishing Space Security: A Prescription For A Rules-Based Approach, Theresa Hitchens, Michael Katz-Hyman
Space and Defense
The question of what constitutes the proper military uses of space is not just a debate over space weapons and attacks on satellites. It is a debate that sheds light on the fundamental decisions that states and their citizens will have to make over the next century as we both explore and exploit space for its scientific, strategic, and economic value. Furthermore, the context of this debate changes year to year as the physical and political environment of space changes.
An Inchoate Process For The International Regulation Of Military Activities In Space,
2023
Heritage Foundation
An Inchoate Process For The International Regulation Of Military Activities In Space, Baker Spring
Space and Defense
As the breadth and depth of military activities in space expand, demands are growing to regulate these activities at the international level. In some cases, these demands stem from the recognition that broader national security operations in space are moving away from a legacy of being dominated by secret intelligence activities and in the direction of more open military activities.1 In other cases, they are driven by the efforts of arms control advocates to roll back the “weaponization of space.”2 Regardless of the underlying motivations, the demands for international regulation are going to grow, and the debate will turn increasingly …
Introduction To The First Issue,
2023
University of Nebraska at Omaha
Introduction To The First Issue, Roger G. Harrison
Space and Defense
No abstract provided.
Table Of Contents Volume 1 No. 1,
2023
University of Nebraska at Omaha
Table Of Contents Volume 1 No. 1, Space And Defense
Space and Defense
No abstract provided.
Front Matter Volume 1 No. 1,
2023
University of Nebraska at Omaha
Front Matter Volume 1 No. 1, Space And Defense
Space and Defense
No abstract provided.
Transatlantic Space Cooperation Workshop,
2023
University of Nebraska at Omaha
Transatlantic Space Cooperation Workshop, Space And Defense
Space and Defense
In 2008, the Eisenhower Center for Space and Defense Studies established the Transatlantic Space Cooperation Workshop series. This workshop series brings together a community of scholars and experts from the United States and Europe, including the European Union (EU), European Space Agency (ESA), and NATO, to share lessons learned, debate, and network on joint priorities in the civil, security, and commercial space.
Asia, Space, And Strategy Workshop,
2023
University of Nebraska at Omaha
Asia, Space, And Strategy Workshop, Space And Defense
Space and Defense
In 2006, the Eisenhower Center for Space and Defense Studies held its first Asia, Space, and Strategy workshop. This effort brought together US, Canadian, and European experts and policy makers from the military, civilian government, universities, think-tanks, and the private sectors to discuss the implications of current and future Chinese space policy and investigate areas of possible Sino-U.S. cooperation and competition in space. Beginning in 2007, an invitation was extended to include Chinese academics in the discussions. Chinese participation has increased each year since then, with four attendees from China at the 2009 workshop in Vancouver, Canada.
Summer Space Seminar,
2023
University of Nebraska at Omaha
Summer Space Seminar, Space And Defense
Space and Defense
The Eisenhower Center for Space and Defense Studies organized the Summer Space Seminar since 2007 to advance two principal goals: (1) to foster an education and interest in the interdisciplinary areas of space with the intent to develop space professionals; and (2) to develop a network of relations across civil, commercial, and military space professionals that will likely emerge from the participants
Space Situational Awareness Workshop,
2023
University of Nebraska at Omaha
Space Situational Awareness Workshop, Space And Defense
Space and Defense
The goal of the Space Situational Awareness workshops is to bring together stakeholders interested in space situational awareness (SSA). This includes practitioners, users of data, representatives of industry and the military, the scientific community, international organizations, and the satellitetracking community. These stakeholders discussed how needs are changing with SSA, what improvements in SSA capabilities can be achieved in the near-term to medium-term, and how various stakeholder communities might better interact to draw on each other’s strengths.
