The Effects Of Controlling Language And Source Social Group Membership On Resistance To Persuasion,
2024
University of Kentucky
The Effects Of Controlling Language And Source Social Group Membership On Resistance To Persuasion, Zane A. Dayton
Theses and Dissertations--Communication
Persuasive attempts often fail. One theory that attempts to explain when and why people resist persuasion is psychological reactance theory (PRT; J. W. Brehm, 1966; S. S. Brehm & J. W. Brehm, 1981). According to the theory, people have an inherent desire to maintain their autonomy, or freedom. When they perceive that a persuasive message threatens their freedom, they experience psychological reactance, an aversive motivational state, which motivates them to restore their freedom by resisting the persuasive message. Whereas past studies have demonstrated that various message features (e.g., controlling language) and source characteristics (e.g., social group membership) can, individually, influence …
Cues And Clues: How Humor Targets Classify Joker Intent,
2024
Northern Illinois University
Cues And Clues: How Humor Targets Classify Joker Intent, Jared Elijah Patrick Wilson
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
When targeted by a joke, the target has an evaluation to make: is this joke an affiliative tease or an aggressive joke? While both are characterized by a humorous but relevant provocation, a tease is intended to communicate face-protective information or general affiliation (e.g., Keltner, 2001) while an aggressive joke is intended to enhance the self by socially demeaning another (e.g., Martin et al., 2003). The target must engage in everyday mind-reading in an attempt to accurately classify such a joke, considering information such as off-record marker usage and the reputation of the commenter, but little research has been done …
The Psychological Impact Of Collegiate Athletes Quitting Their Sport: A Multiple Case Study,
2024
Claremont Colleges
The Psychological Impact Of Collegiate Athletes Quitting Their Sport: A Multiple Case Study, Taliana Abadi
Scripps Senior Theses
The purpose of this study is to assess the lived experience of collegiate athletes quitting their sport and transitioning from active engagement in an organized, collegiate-level sport to non-participation in the sport at that competitive level. To do so, five to seven participants, pretested for athletic identity to gather a diverse sample, will participate in a semi-structured interview to gain an understanding of their feelings regarding the loss of athletic identity and how it impacted their well-being. Through these interviews, the data should signify trends among participants such that 1) The participants’ loss of athletic identity is perceived to negatively …
Autism-Related Support Services On Mental Health And University Connectedness,
2024
Scripps College
Autism-Related Support Services On Mental Health And University Connectedness, Adeline E. P. Rogers
Scripps Senior Theses
College is notoriously challenging, with many student concerns associated with adapting to the new expectations for lifestyle, workload, and socializing that come with transitioning to college and/or university (Gelbar et al., 2015). For college students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), the impact of these changes can be far more challenging, as their needs can be different from their neurotypical peers. This study implemented an online survey to gather data on autistic students’ feelings of depression, anxiety, stress, university connectedness, experiences with university autism support programs, and basic demographics. Unfortunately, the results found from this study were contaminated by a large …
Effects And Mechanisms Of Smartphone-Based Mindfulness Training On Emotional Experience,
2024
Virginia Commonwealth University
Effects And Mechanisms Of Smartphone-Based Mindfulness Training On Emotional Experience, Polina Beloborodova
Theses and Dissertations
Emotional well-being is an important component of mental and physical health that includes both positive emotions and an absence of emotional symptoms (e.g., depressive- and anxiety-related). In this study, we examine psychological mechanisms that help to explain the effects of an digital mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) on emotional states. We conducted a randomized controlled trial wherein undergraduate student participants vulnerable to decreased positive and increased negative affect received a 2-week smartphone-based MBI or a structurally equivalent coping control intervention. Emotional experience, including depressive feelings, anxiety, and happiness, as well as subjective social well-being, including loneliness and felt connection to others, was …
Intercultural Competence And Personality In Study Abroad Students,
2024
Georgia Southern University
Intercultural Competence And Personality In Study Abroad Students, Wilkes W. Jones
Honors College Theses
This study aimed to replicate and extend on previous research demonstrating that international study-abroad experiences can alter a plethora of culturally related views and attitudes associated with intercultural competence. Moreover, studying abroad has been shown to make students more knowledgeable of, compassionate toward. and skilled when working with people from other cultures. Additionally, previous research has provided evidence that some Big Five personality traits can predict scores on intercultural competence measures, suggesting that some individuals may be more open to the potential benefits of studying abroad more than others. For this study, I hypothesized that from before to after studying …
Exploring Social Inclusion And Community Participation Opportunities For Adults With Developmental Disabilities,
2024
Georgia Southern University
Exploring Social Inclusion And Community Participation Opportunities For Adults With Developmental Disabilities, Arilyn Jewel Baldowski
Honors College Theses
Social Inclusion and community participation among adults with developmental disabilities (DD) have remained critically underexplored, despite their essential role in promoting equal opportunities and access to fulfilling lives. This study addressed a significant gap in the literature by investigating the experiences of individuals within the population. The research aimed to explore social inclusion and community participation opportunities on adults with DD. Participants were recruited through an organization that offers residential camp programs to adults with developmental disabilities, and an online survey was used to collect data on the availability of opportunities, the extent of involvement, and the perceived impacts on …
Reviving The Sleeper Effect,
2024
Claremont Graduate University
Reviving The Sleeper Effect, Tehreem Riffat
CGU Theses & Dissertations
The present study was conducted to delve into the cognitive dynamics of the sleeper effect. The study investigated the role of persuasive message repetition (once, twice), the position of a discounting cue, which challenged the stated position of a communication, the cue’s credibility (high/low) and the timing of the cue (presented before or after the persuasive communication) on the outcome of a sleeper effect experiment. Analytically, the study was conceptualized as a 2 (Cue Credibility: high/low) x 2 (Cue presentation: before/after the persuasive message), (Elaboration: Communication was read once or twice) x 3 Test (pretest, posttest 1, posttest 2) design. …
Effects Of Priming Independent And Interdependent Self-Construals On Personal And Collective Future Thought,
2024
Claremont Colleges
Effects Of Priming Independent And Interdependent Self-Construals On Personal And Collective Future Thought, Claire Hou
CMC Senior Theses
Personal and collective future thought refer to the way people conceptualize and think about their own personal futures, and the futures of groups they are affiliated with, such as one’s nation or cultural community, respectively. Previous research has indicated that there are key cultural differences in how American and Chinese individuals think about their personal future and the collective future of their nation. The present study investigated the impact of cultural constructs of self-construal, namely individualism/independence and collectivism/interdependence, on personal and collective future thought. We attempted to experimentally manipulate participants’ self-construals with a priming task, and participants were asked to …
Objectification And Meaning Transference: Does Showing More Skin Mean Less Perceived Agency For Brands?,
2024
Claremont Colleges
Objectification And Meaning Transference: Does Showing More Skin Mean Less Perceived Agency For Brands?, Zachariah Schlichting
CMC Senior Theses
The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of sexual imagery in advertisements on consumers’ perceptions of brand competence and agency. The effect of a brand’s expected agency was also manipulated between two groups, high expected agency (e.g., tech companies) vs low expected agency (e.g., alcohol companies). 167 participants (M=22.48, 54% women) were recruited through Sona Systems and social media to partake in an online survey conducted through Qualtrics. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four experimental groups and shown seven fictional advertisements; four target advertisements and three deception advertisements. They were then asked to rate their …
Effects Of Dehumanization And Disgust-Eliciting Language On Attitudes Toward Immigration: A Sentiment Analysis Of Twitter Data,
2024
University at Albany, State University of New York
Effects Of Dehumanization And Disgust-Eliciting Language On Attitudes Toward Immigration: A Sentiment Analysis Of Twitter Data, Katherine S. Wahrer, Cynthia J. Najdowski, John V. Passarelli
Psychology Faculty Scholarship
Attitudes towards immigration have been shown to be driven by dehumanization and disgust. The more people dehumanize immigrants and the more disgusted they feel, the more negative attitudes they tend to have toward immigrants. However, little is known about how exposure to social media content that links dehumanization, disgust, and immigration influences users’ attitudes on this issue. This is important to consider because the majority of adults in the United States are on social media. We used Twitter data, machine learning, and sentiment analysis to investigate whether exposure to dehumanizing or disgust-eliciting tweets about immigration impacts users’ own sentiment toward …
The Effect Of Email Communication On Professor-Student Rapport, Academic Self-Efficacy, Resiliency, Motivation, And Spirituality,
2024
Missouri State University
The Effect Of Email Communication On Professor-Student Rapport, Academic Self-Efficacy, Resiliency, Motivation, And Spirituality, David J. Heim
Graduate Theses/Dissertations
Student retention and success rates are an increasing concern among collegiate administrators and educators. This study examined the influence of a college instructor’s email communications on professor-student rapport, student academic self-efficacy, resilience, motivation, and success. Researchers hypothesized that the student participants who received the encouraging email communications from their professor would demonstrate higher levels of professor-student rapport, higher levels of academic self-efficacy, resiliency, and success compared to the students who receive standard email communications from their professor. Five scales were utilized in this study including Professor-Student Rapport Scale, Academic Self-Efficacy Scale, Academic Resilience Scale (ARS-30), Daily Spiritual Experience Scale (DSES), …
Unraveling The Interplay: Religiosity, Sexual Health Knowledge, And Sexual Behaviors,
2024
Missouri State University
Unraveling The Interplay: Religiosity, Sexual Health Knowledge, And Sexual Behaviors, Erinmarie Travis
Graduate Theses/Dissertations
Limited research exists on the longitudinal effects of religiosity and sexual health education on adolescents' sexual risk behaviors and their transition into adulthood. This study used The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health data to investigate these effects in a nationally representative sample. Linear regression analyses explored associations between religiosity, sexual health knowledge (SHK), and sexual risk behaviors (SRBs) during adolescence and emerging adulthood. Findings revealed significant associations between adolescent religiosity and SRBs, predicting SRBs during adolescence. However, religiosity's influence diminished in emerging adulthood, and SHK did not mediate the relationship between adolescent religiosity and SRBs. These results …
Is Trust A Zero-Sum Game? What Happens When Institutional Sources Get It Wrong,
2024
Wilfrid Laurier University
Is Trust A Zero-Sum Game? What Happens When Institutional Sources Get It Wrong, Andrew Dawson
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, trust in mainstream institutions is on the decline while people are increasingly turning to alternative media and conspiracy theories. Previous research has suggested that these trends may be linked, but the exact nature of the relationship is unclear. In a fractured informational environment, is trust a neutral process, where each source is judged independently, or is it in fact a zero-sum competition, where a loss for one side is a gain for the other? Across three experimental studies (N = 2,951) we examined how people react when a source makes a serious error, …
Tiktok And Self-Diagnosing Mental Illnesses: Perceived Reliability Factors, Vulnerabilities, And Dangers,
2024
Gardner-Webb University
Tiktok And Self-Diagnosing Mental Illnesses: Perceived Reliability Factors, Vulnerabilities, And Dangers, Micah Moulder
Undergraduate Honors Theses
TikTok’s popularity and ease of use with short-term consumption allow for greater access to online information. However, this information is not regulated nor fact-checked. Therefore, many users can acquire and spread the wrong messages, behaviors, and ideas surrounding mental illness. The purpose of this research was to examine the effects and factors of TikTok on self-diagnosing mental illnesses. A large literature was conducted to examine the effects of social media and the harms of self-diagnosing on users. Two studies were then developed and administered to determine the relationship between self-diagnosing and TikTok. Correlations, t-tests, and descriptive statistics were used to …
Influencing Others: How Can We Benefit Society?,
2024
Gardner-Webb University
Influencing Others: How Can We Benefit Society?, Caleb Roten
Undergraduate Honors Theses
Understanding both how we perceive others and how others perceive us through social situations is vital for improving communication and thus improving relational connections. Successful interactions with people are crucial in many circumstances, especially in interview-type situations, due to the creation of cognitive biases upon such interactions. Whether the goal is to impress a hopeful romantic partner, interview for a job, negotiate a raise, interview for a scholarship, or any number of various reasons to strive for a successful social interaction, understanding how information about the people we meet and connect with is extremely important. Many cognitive examinations have been …
Acculturative Stress, Depression, & Anxiety Among Arab Americans,
2024
Nova Southeastern University
Acculturative Stress, Depression, & Anxiety Among Arab Americans, Sally Kafelghazal M.S.
Theses and Dissertations
Arab Americans, those who themselves or their ancestors have immigrated fromthe Middle East or North Africa to the United States, experience a lot of stress as a result of balancing varying cultures, known as acculturative stress. Due to the underrepresentation and misrepresentation of Arabs in Americans, as well as the taboo that exists in the Arab culture regarding poor mental health and seeking mental health services, the mental health impacts of acculturation stress among this population are scarcely studied. This dissertation aims to further understand ways in which acculturative stress impacts early generational Arab American adults, including immigrants and refugees, …
Exploring Psychological Factors Behind Consideration Of Cosmetic Surgery Through The Lens Of Social Comparison Theory,
2024
Fort Hays State University
Exploring Psychological Factors Behind Consideration Of Cosmetic Surgery Through The Lens Of Social Comparison Theory, Noriene Verma
Master's Theses or Doctor of Nursing Practice
Cosmetic surgery refers to an extreme form of appearance modification whose sole purpose is to improve the appearance of the chosen area. Despite psychological concerns associated with repeated perform of cosmetic surgery, rates of cosmetic procedures are likely to increase in the coming years (American Society of Plastic Surgeons, 2020) and it warrants the need to study the potential motivators that encourage someone to opt for such procedures. Motivators of cosmetic surgery explored in this study are social media usage and self-esteem through the lens of Social Comparison Theory. Social comparison theory can explain the mechanisms behind one’s desire to …
Wait, Who Did You Say We Are? The Effects Of Self-Uncertainty And Leadership Rhetoric On Group Identification,
2024
Claremont Graduate University
Wait, Who Did You Say We Are? The Effects Of Self-Uncertainty And Leadership Rhetoric On Group Identification, Samantha Gardner
CGU Theses & Dissertations
Uncertainty identity theory (e.g., Hogg, 2021a) posits that when feelings of self-uncertainty arise, we are motivated to reduce those feelings, and one way we can do this is to identify with a distinctive group that has a clearly defined identity. In these circumstances, we look to the group’s leaders to provide an identity message, and to do so in an unambiguous and affirmational manner. This analysis generates a hypothesis that has attracted partial support (Gaffney et al., 2019), but requires more rigorous testingin conditions of high self-uncertainty, identity-affirming rhetoric used by leaders increases (a) group identification, (b) perceived group entitativity, …
Effects Of Identity, Uncertainty, And Language Contact On Intergroup Relations,
2024
Claremont Graduate University
Effects Of Identity, Uncertainty, And Language Contact On Intergroup Relations, Heather Tamzyn Stopp
CGU Theses & Dissertations
Despite sixty years of research examining both direct (Allport 1954; Pettigrew & Tropp, 2006) and indirect forms of contact (Wright et al., 1997), less is known about the power of contact with an outgroup language to shape intergroup relations. To address this lacuna in the research, the two current studies examined two potential contextual factors that may impact whether outgroup language contact worsens or improves attitudes and action tendencies toward Latinos in the United States. Specifically, whether or not an outgroup is viewed as having status and power as a distinct group and whether this perception as a distinctive group …
