Industrial and Organizational Psychology Commons^™

Swipe: The Science Behind Why We Disengage (And Don’T Finish What We Start), Tracy Maylett

River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference

Why is it that some organizations attract and retain the best and brightest, yet others seem to struggle attracting talent, retaining top performers, and creating an environment in which their people choose to engage? And why is it that we leave organizations we were once so excited to be a part of? Working from a database of over 50 million employee survey responses—the largest of its kind—we discovered some of the answers to these questions. Interestingly, we also found that the same factors prompting us to engage (or disengage) in our work are the reasons we disengage in other areas …

A Qualitative Investigation Of A Setting-Wide Pbs Workforce Development Programme In An Adult Disability Setting, Deirdre Kearney, Shannon Sinnott, Olive Healy

Journal of Social Care

The presence of distressed behaviours can amplify the difficulties experienced by people with intellectual disabilities (ID), and place pressure on the provision of effective support by organisations and direct support personnel. Setting-wide positive behaviour support (PBS) is an evidence-based framework aimed at enhancing quality of life and reducing distressed behaviour for people with intellectual disabilities through systemic change. Implementation science offers a route to better understand how we can support organisations to adopt best practice into routine procedures. This study employed a qualitative research design to examine the facilitators and barriers of a workforce development programme in setting-wide PBS in …

The Prevalence Of Burnout In Saudi Arabia Dental Hygienists, Nouf Hamad Aldayel

Dental Hygiene Theses & Dissertations

Purpose: The purpose of this pilot study was to assess the prevalence of burnout in Saudi Arabian dental hygienists and identify risk factors associated with burnout. Methods: A descriptive survey design using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) assessed burnout among a convenience sample of n=123 Saudi dental hygienists. The survey was disseminated electronically to 1,000 Saudi Arabian dental hygienists. The CBI measures three subscales: personal, work-related, and client/patient-related burnout on a five-point Likert-type scale. The survey also included six demographic questions, two Likert-type, one “yes/no,” and one openended question, related to burnout. Descriptive statistics, one-way between subject’s ANOVA, independent samples …

Dealing With The Effects Of Covid-19 Job Demands On Public Sector Employees’ Work Engagement And Job Burnout: The Role Of Public Service Motivation, Servant Leadership, And Mission Valence, Phillip Joseph Dillulio

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

The global recession stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the public sector of the U.S. economy. Specifically, reduced tax revenues from a dramatic decline in economic activity and increased demand for public services resulted in new and increased job demands for public sector employees (Eggers et al., 2020). However, limited research has examined the effects of COVID-19-related demands on job burnout and work engagement among public sector employees, and the role of personal, social, and organizational resources to protect their well-being (Demerouti & Bakker, 2023). The current study addressed this gap by employing the Job Demands …

Relationship Between Contentment And Working Memory Capacity: Experimental And Naturalistic Evidence, Khai Qing Chua, Rachel Ng, Clarissa L. Q. Sung, Andree Hartanto, Vincent Y. S. Oh, Eddie M. W. Tong

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Contentment is a positive emotion characterized by perceived goal attainment, a sense of having or being enough, and a focus on the present. Research on this new construct is thin, and no studies have examined its cognitive properties, particularly whether it facilitates or impairs controlled cognitive processes. We hypothesize that contentment positively predicts working memory. We found support for this hypothesis in two experimental studies (Studies 1 and 2) which showed that induced contentment improved working memory in the operation span task, and in one non-experimental study (Study 3) which showed that measured contentment positively correlated with working memory on …

Mindfulness And Workplace Safety: An Integrative Review, Zihan Liu, Kevin Hoff, Erica Baranski, Galen Snyder, Rhona Flin, Peggy Lindner, Christiane Spitzmueller

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Mindfulness has recently gained popularity in applied settings to enhance workplace safety, especially in safety-critical occupations such as healthcare and construction. In this review, we synthesize existing research across disciplines to establish a theoretical model of mindfulness and safety. Based on 32 empirical studies, we first summarize and critically analyze how mindfulness and safety are conceptualized and operationalized in the literature. We then consolidate empirical findings and conceptual arguments and draw upon the job demands–resources model to propose a theoretical model linking the basic benefits of mindfulness to safety-related job demands. Specifically, we propose that mindfulness (a) improves detection of …

Third-Party Employer Branding, Mukta G. Saini, Filip Lievens

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

There has been a growing interest in third-party employment branding (TPEB) because prospective and current employees perceive it more credible than the company-controlled employer branding. The academic research on TPEB has also been rapidly growing. This chapter reviews the TPEB research using a bibliometric analysis of 734 articles published between 1996 and 2021. The analysis shows that 'employer branding,' 'recruitment,' 'Glassdoor,' and 'word-of-mouth' are the major keywords in this domain. TPEB research can be grouped into three themes – (i) ‘best employer status and its outcomes’, (ii) ‘antecedents and consequences of third-party employment branding’, and (iii) ‘word-of-mouth and recruitment’. We …

Third-Party Reactions To Performance Feedback, Daroon Mohammed Jalil

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

Although the provision of feedback has traditionally been treated as a dyadic event, I argue for the existence of a neglected third-party - the witness. Drawing from the dual process model of vicarious mistreatment and feedback intervention theory, I hypothesize that 1) third parties experience negative [positive] affect when witnessing an unjust [just] feedback event, 2) negative [positive] affect is stronger when feedback cues are self-referenced [task-referenced], and 3) negative [positive] affect is related to a subsequent decrease [increase] in feedback seeking intentions. Results from a 2x2 between-subjects experiment with 470 participants provide partial support for the hypotheses. Third-parties experienced …

Turnover, Megan Paul, Sarah Stepanek

Umbrella Summaries

What is turnover?

The definition of turnover tends to somewhat vary in practice and research. The most common element is an employee leaving their job. Beyond that, turnover can be further defined as internal vs. external, voluntary vs. involuntary, functional vs. dysfunctional, and avoidable vs. unavoidable.

• Internal vs. external: Internal turnover means that the employee moves to a different job within the organization, whereas external means that the employee leaves the organization altogether. In child welfare, however, the “organization” may be defined as all of state or county government, which means that a lot of movement is considered internal.
• Voluntary …

Key Findings From The Qic-Wd At Various Stages Of The Employee Lifecycle, Quality Improvement Center For Workforce Development (Qic-Wd)

Other QIC-WD Products

Employee_Lifecycle_Additional_Resources.pdf

The Quality Improvement Center For Workforce Development: Bridging The Research–Practice Gap In Child Welfare, Sarah Layman, Jen Harvel, Apryl Brodersen, Michelle Graef, Megan Paul, Robert Blagg

Other QIC-WD Products

The QIC-WD used research and best practices from Industrial-Organizational Psychology (I-O) to improve workforce outcomes across our partner child welfare agencies. This article shares our insights on how we were able to bridge the research-practice gap through the team’s work to develop and test workforce interventions, use organizational data to improve workforce outcomes, and share knowledge and resources from I-O to advance practice in child welfare organizations.

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Secondary Traumatic Stress: Definitions, Measures, Predictors, And Interventions, Anita Barbee, Lisa Purdy, Michael Cunningham

Other QIC-WD Products

Child welfare professionals are exposed to a lot of traumatic events. They may experience trauma first-hand witnessing the negative experiences of children and families on their caseload or it may be experienced second-hand through the stories shared by clients or co-workers, or information being read in a file. The research has a variety of terms for this phenomenon (as described in this brief) but the evidence is clear: child welfare workers experience trauma as an occupational hazard and that exposure can manifest itself in ways similar to post-traumatic stress disorder (e.g., disrupted sleep, difficulty concentrating). In fact, a survey of …

With A Little Help At Home: The Impact Of Romantic Partner Support On Daily Burnout And Workplace Incivility, Matthew Aplin-Houtz

Dissertations

With rude and discourteous encounters in the workplace becoming more common, Workplace incivility (WI) is at an all-time high. As such, workers experience levels of burnout from these negative social interactions. The literature concedes that the results of these interactions lead to mounting burnout, causing negative physical and emotional outcomes at the individual and organizational levels. Considering that the literature also supports that employees have the potential to recover from burnout symptoms through rest, obtaining the perception of control of their circumstances, and cognitive reframing, the time and activities a worker spends at home carry the potential for minimizing burnout …

Findings From Seven Years Of Child Welfare Workforce Interventions, Quality Improvement Center For Workforce Development (Qic-Wd)

Other QIC-WD Products

The Quality Improvement Center for WorkforceDevelopment (QIC-WD) operated for seven years and worked with 57 distinct public and tribal child welfare jurisdictions to address workforce issues. We used agency data, an evidence-based management approach, and were supported by site teams that included human resources (HR) and child welfare professionals.

We engaged in in-depth, multi-year projects in eight of the sites, and highlights from those experiences are featured in this short video. A consistent approach to implementation was applied and rigorous evaluation methods were used in those workforce intervention sites, with the goals of improving worker performance, well-being, and retention. Interventions …

Evaluating The Chief Of Staff Of The Air Force 2016 Initiative To Revitalize The Squadron: A Thematic Content Analysis Of Appreciative Inquiry Mechanisms, John M. Huntz

Theses and Dissertations

A thorough thematic analysis and literature review were undertaken to understand better the integration of AI mechanisms within the Revitalize the Squadron initiative. To facilitate the initiative's implementation, the aim is to provide commanders with practical instances, dimensions, findings, and results. Throughout the coding process, instances of AI’s mechanisms were discovered in the literature. The link between PE and HQR boosted the overall vitality within the squadron, where vitality was determined to be the goal. AI, as a whole, was not found in the literature, but the analysis determined that the Revitalize the Squadron initiative was “Appreciative” in nature.

Equity Among Equity Workers: Public Service Motivation In An Educational Nonprofit Organization, Russell C. West Jr

Theses and Dissertations

What opportunities and challenges arise when an equity-focused educational organization aims to support employee’s individual equity practices while simultaneously developing the organization’s equity practice? In this study, employees of a non-profit educational organization were asked what rationales and expectations played a role in their decision to volunteer in an equity working group. Their responses were used to understand whether Perry’s (2000) process theory of Public Service Motivation helped describe their decision. In a second round of interviews, employees were asked what outcomes they perceived came from their participation. These responses were used to understand whether the outcomes aligned with those …

Avoiding Success: How Does Fear Of Success Impact Today's Workforce?, Bradley E. Gray

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Fear of success refers to the anxiety experienced by individuals as they come close to accomplishing a goal, ambivalent and even paralyzed over choosing to accept or avoid success. Success fearers are more likely to avoid success, choosing to forego their goal to avoid the assumed negative repercussions that will accompany the success (Canavan, 1989). Though interest in fear of success has waned since its introduction in the 1970’s, evidence of fear of success still exists today. However, original theories of fear of success cannot explain its impact on both men and women, and little is known about how it …

Experiences Of Professionals Of Color In The Child Welfare Workforce, Nina Williams-Mbengue, Anita Barbee

Other QIC-WD Products

“Entrenched disparities in our laws and public policies, and in our public and private institutions, have often denied that equal opportunity to individuals and communities. Our country faces converging economic, health, and climate crises that have exposed and exacerbated inequities, while a historic movement for justice has highlighted the unbearable human costs of systemic racism.”

- Executive Order on Advancing Racial Equity and Support for Underserved Communities through the Federal Government, January 20, 2021

Many Americans are currently engaged in a painful examination of the nation’s history of individual, interpersonal, institutional, and structural racism. Leaders within the child welfare system …

Effects Of Genes And Gene-Environment Interactions On Work-Family Conflict And Enrichment, Peter Yu

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The COVID-19 pandemic has shown how macro-level issues can influence how we manage work and family responsibilities. Yet, work-family (WF) research at different levels of analysis is relatively scarce. To address this, I take a multilevel lens to study WF conflict and enrichment in the context of micro-level factors (in the form of genes), macro-level factors (in the form of family and community-level demands), and their cross-level interactions (i.e., gene–environment interactions). To study genetic main effects, I drew from the work-home resources model to identify four candidate genes associated with conditions that could impact the ability to accrue WF resources …

Interpersonal Behavior In Assessment Center Role-Play Exercises: Investigating Structure, Consistency, And Effectiveness, Simon M. Breil, Filip Lievens, Boris Forthmann, Mitla D. Back

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Although the behaviors displayed by assessees are the currency of assessment centers (ACs), they have remained largely unexplored. This is surprising because a better understanding of assessees' behaviors may provide the missing link between research on the determinants of assessee performance and research on the validity of performance ratings. Therefore, this study draws on behavioral personality science to scrutinize the behaviors that assessees express in interpersonal AC exercises. Our goals were to investigate (a) the structure of interpersonal behaviors, (b) the consistency of these behaviors across AC exercises, and (c) their effectiveness. We obtained videotaped performances of 203 assessees who …