Industrial and Organizational Psychology Commons^™

Neurodiversity In Hiring: Language That Resonates, Drew Sipe, Cassidy Zekas, April Spivack, Kristl Davison, Jessica Doll

River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference

Introduction Neurodiversity (ND) refers to the variation in how 15-20% of individuals experience, think, and work in the world (National Institute of Health, 2022). It includes conditions like autism spectrum disorder (ASD), ADHD, dyslexia, dysgraphia, tourette syndrome, and sensory processing disorders (CDC, 2022; Hess, 2021). This study examines how neurodiverse individuals, people with disabilities, and neurotypical individuals value inclusive and neurodiverse language in job advertisements. We hypothesized that neurodiverse individuals and individuals with disabilities would place greater importance on inclusive and neurodiverse language in job ads compared to neurotypical individuals. This research seeks to identify ways to create more accessible …

Perceived Control And Mistake Management: A Study On Behavioral Responses, Kaitlyn Kilburn, Alexander T. Jackson

River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference

Mistakes at work can be quite costly for organizations. Mistakes can vary from minor to extreme, and mistakes cost organizations millions of dollars each year (Macciola, 2021). Perhaps what is just as crucial as mistakes is how people respond to mistakes and the factors influencing how people respond to mistakes, such as one’s perceptions of control, who identifies the mistake, and the type of mistake. Perceived control refers to an individual’s perception of the amount of power they have over their surroundings and the challenges they may encounter (Thompson, 1981). Perceived control promotes a sense of responsibility for outcomes (Skinner, …

Job Demands, Resources, And Recovery Practices Among Public Service Employees, Olivia Whitson, Kristen Black

River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference

Public service employees, particularly those in early childhood education and non-profit sectors, face significant job demands that often outweigh available resources, leading to an increased risk of burnout and turnover (Bakker & Demerouti, 2007). Early childhood educators face unique challenges, including low compensation and high expectations, contributing to turnover rates as high as 26-40% annually (Herman et al., 2023). Similarly, non-profit employees often experience resource constraints and high emotional demands (Navajas-Romero et al., 2020). This study examines the relationship between job demands, resources, and recovery practices among these populations to provide actionable recommendations to improve wellbeing and reduce turnover. Through …

Impact Of Microaggressions And Stereotypes On Black Women In A Traditional Vs. Virtual Workplace, Kendall L. Lesure, David R. Earnest

River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference

This proposed project aims to examine the impact of microaggressions and stereotypes on Black women in both traditional and virtual workplaces, specifically focusing on how experiences microaggression, and stereotypes affect job satisfaction and organizational contribution. Black women face unique microaggressions, rooted in both racial and gender biases, which hinder their career progression and access to leadership roles. These microaggressions often manifest as being underestimated or unfairly scrutinized, leading to negative consequences such as emotional stress, decreased job satisfaction, and reduced organizational engagement. Microaggressions and stereotypes are prevalent challenges faced by Black women, and they significantly contribute to negative workplace experiences. …

Dark Leaders Unveiled: How Goal Orientation Shapes Perceived Effectiveness, Haley Hultz, Alexander Jackson

River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference

Individuals who possess higher levels of subclinical (i.e., non-pathological level) dark personality traits, specifically psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and narcissism, often fill leadership positions (Harms et al., 2011; Diller et al., 2021). Psychopathy refers to the tendency to desire power/control and lack remorse, Machiavellianism refers to the tendency to break the rules and strategically plan for one’s benefit, and narcissism refers to views of superiority and need for adoration (Cesinger et al., 2022). Sadism, finding pleasure in cruelty, has recently appeared as a pertinent addition to the three original dark traits, establishing the Dark Tetrad (Bonfá-Araujo et al., 2022). Certain situations moderate …

Role Overload And Productivity: The Mediating Role Of Effort And Stress, Taylor Flinn, Gargi Sawhney

River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference

The goal of this research is to examine whether stress and effort mediate the relationship between role overload (RO) and productivity from a sample of 283 participants recruited from Amazon’s Mechanical Turk. Participants completed the survey items at three time points, with an interval of two weeks between each administration. Participants were employed and worked at least 30 hours per week. On average, participants were 38.36 (SD = 10.72) years old. Approximately 54.06% were male, 45.58% were female, and 0.36% did not specify. Participants were White (79.50%), Asian (12.72%), Black or African American (4.94%), or other (2.84%). We measured stress …

Scaling Dei: Evaluating Change Preparedness In Organizations, Cassidy Zekas, Leah Uteg-Winkelman, Michaela Sutherland, Niasia Jones, Hunter Bass, Jessica Doll, H. Kristl Davison, Tim Huelsman

River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference

Many organizations implement Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) programs to promote a diverse workforce, reduce bias, and improve organizational culture to foster inclusivity and belonging. However, research shows that the mere presence of DEI programs does not necessarily lead to significant change (Kalev & Dobbin, 2016). Despite the increasing adoption of these programs, their effectiveness remains inconsistent. Moreover, recent trends have shown a backlash against DEI efforts, with over 80 anti-DEI bills introduced in the American legislative system (Lamparksi, 2024) and major companies like Ford Motor, Lowe’s, and Meta scaling back their DEI initiatives (Elias, 2023; Yildirim, 2024). These developments …

Performing On The Glass Stage: Examining Role Congruity's Effect On Firm Performance, Steven Vogel, Kristl Davison, Jessica Doll, Tiberiu Ungureanu

River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference

Eagly and Karau’s (2002) Role Congruity Theory is one explanation for women’s lack of representation among the highest levels of industry leadership (Schaefer, 2023). It argues that people hold intrinsic associations between women and communality (e.g. Agreeableness) and men and agency (e.g. Ambition), and disassociation with the other. Likewise, it argues job roles carry trait associations (e.g. Leadership: agentic) and that when the traits assigned to the job and gender mismatch, the result is assumed unfitness. This is applied primarily to individual outcomes in internal decision-making processes (Berkery et al., 2013; Garcia-Retamero & Lopez-Zafra, 2006; Powell et al., 2002). The …

Job Crafting Across Ages: The Role Of Intergenerational Climate And Age-Inclusive Hr Practices, Kalvaince F. Die, Seth W. Jones, Courtney Baker Phd, Rushika De Bruin

River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference

As the workforce is currently comprised of five generations of workers across various life stages (SHRM, 2023) increased attention is needed from organizations to aid their employees throughout their lifespan (Hertel & Zacher, 2018). While HR practices directly related to age have been shown to successfully foster age-inclusive work environments (Fan et al., 2023), how these climates and age-inclusive HR practices impact the way different aged workers address their job tasks, and specifically engage in job crafting, has yet to be considered. Therefore, this study considers how age would impact job crafting behaviors, and this relationship would be moderated by …

Not Jumping On The Bandwagon: Older Workers' Perceptions Of Injustice In Ai In Selection Processes, Justin Ruiz, Courtney Baker Phd

River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference

Technological advances are revolutionizing the world of work, and their integration into the workplace is on the rise. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a prime example, as 61% of organizations use it within their operations (Oswald & Khaleeli, 2020). However, this new integration into HR processes has led researchers to investigate how AI usage may be perceived by workers, especially when used it is used in the selection processes, and the role this may play in perceptions of procedural justice. Given that AI is often perceived as a “black box”, meaning that it is unclear how it is identifying patterns, this …

Ageism In Hiring: The Influence Of Implicit Cues On Perceptions Of Candidate Warmth, Competence, Suitability, And Trainability, Morgan A. Greene, Courtney L. Baker

River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference

Hiring discrimination in the U.S. is an illegal practice for people who are 40 and older (Age Discrimination in Employment Act, 1967). Previous research has shown that not only is discrimination still prevalent (Harris, 2022; Abrams et al., 2016), but as much as 48% of people have experienced some type of ageism (Wilson et al., 2019). Furthermore, 90% of all discriminatory decisions are made before the hiring process even begins, typically during the resume screening process (Harris, 2022). Older age in applicants may signal to recruiters that the candidate has lower technology skills and trainability (VanBorm et al., 2021).The current …

Unlocking Employee Well-Being: The Mediating Effect Of Diversity Climate In An Inclusive Workplace, Ciara Covington, Shahnaz Aziz

River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference

Diversity climate pertains to an employee’s perceptions of how well their organization demonstrates support and promotion to diverse employees (Leveson & Joiner, 2009; Tellur, 2023). The conceptualization of diversity climate is rooted in social identity theory (Stets & Burke, 2000) and organizational justice theory (Yean & Yusof, 2015). Social identity theory suggests that identification and membership within the organization impacts an employee’s perception of inclusivity (Mor Barak et al., 2022; Shore & Chung, 2021; Cole et al., 2016). Organizational justice theory highlights the influence of perceived fairness when organizations create and manage inclusive work policies (Griffith et al., 2005). There …

Investigating Job Attitudes Of Justice-Involved Individuals, Audrey Pennington, Sawyer Robinson

River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference

The US has one of the highest incarceration rates in the world resulting in one in three Americans having a criminal record (ACLU, 2017). Upon release from prison, securing employment is one of the most important factors to decrease recidivism (Berg & Huebner, 2011; Lundquist et al., 2018). Despite this, 75% of those who were incarcerated are unemployed a year after release. This is due, in part, to stigma and the wide use of background checks during the hiring process (ACLU, 2017). The research literature primarily focuses on effective ways to improve job-readiness for those who are incarcerated, barriers to …

What Makes An Effective Chief Of Pediatric Cardiology: Insights From Chiefs Of North American Pediatric Programs, Michael E. Kim, Wayne Franklin, Anne M. Dubin, Jeffrey J. Kim, Shubhayan Sanatani, R. Krishna Kumar, Shubhika Srivastava, Thomas R. Kimball, Mark Lewin, Joseph Rossano, Colin J. Mcmahon

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Although the position of a pediatric cardiology chief is often seen as the apex of one's academic career, its roles, responsibilities, and qualifications are not well defined in the literature. This study was done to gain further insight of the role and attributes of a pediatric cardiology chief by surveying those who are currently serving the position across North American centers.

METHODS AND RESULTS: This was a mixed-methods study with a survey given to North American pediatric cardiology chiefs at programs with fellowship training programs. The survey was a semistructured questionnaire that was independently reviewed by 3 cardiologists. Smaller …

Forgiveness In The Workplace: Exploring Prosocial Effects On Psychological Safety, Trust, And Interpersonal Citizenship Behaviors, William Thai

Industrial-Organizational Psychology Dissertations

This dissertation investigates the intricate relationships between racial microaggressions, unforgiveness, decisional forgiveness, and workplace outcomes (i.e., psychological safety, trust, and interpersonal citizenship behaviors). Despite organizations' efforts to promote diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI), racial microaggressions persist, leading to feelings of injustice and unforgiveness among affected employees. This research posits that forgiveness, particularly through a modified REACH intervention (Worthington, 2001), serves as a vital coping strategy for managing the emotional distress associated with microaggressions, facilitating personal and relational healing.

Using a sample of 238 participants who identified as racial or ethnic minorities, I employed a moderated mediation analysis to assess the …

Youth's Career Adaptability In Untung Jawa Island, Lydia Freyani Hawadi, Gary Collins Brata Winardy, Hasna Hafizhah Salma

Psychological Research on Urban Society

The development of coastal regions is a pivotal aspect of Indonesia's ‘poros maritim dunia’ national agenda. This study focuses on Untung Jawa Island, a designated 'tourism village' off the coast of Jakarta, to investigate how the aspirations and perspectives of its young population align with this developmental drive. This study focuses on the viewpoints of the active Karang Taruna group members on the island, as they represent the youth engaged in community development. Utilizing a qualitative exploratory phenomenology design, this study employs Focused Group Discussions (FGD) to gain insights into how the youth perceive their potential career based on their …

Workplace Psychological Well-Being: An Extension And Validation, Lauren E. Piroutek

Industrial-Organizational Psychology Dissertations

Psychological well-being (PWB), positive human functioning, and flourishing, have primarily been studied in the context of the full life span with limited research within the context of the workplace. The well-being research conducted in the workplace is often limited to constructs such as work engagement, job satisfaction and subjective well-being. Furthermore, the research on PWB that has recently been performed tends to overlook existence needs (e.g., adequate pay and benefits, safety) which play a critical role in the tangible and psychological needs of the modern-day worker. This paper adds to the growing workplace psychological need fulfillment literature by extending and …

The Pulse Of Connection: Trust And Confidentiality In Internal Coaching Dynamics, Mehdi Ebrahimi

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

Internal coaching is growing in popularity across various industries and sectors, either as a standalone resource or in conjunction with external coaching and other relevant programs and initiatives. Despite the growing popularity and reported benefits, there is a substantial dearth of research on the dynamics of “internal coaching” relationships, making it one of the least explored areas in organizational coaching literature. This paper contributes to addressing the research gap by presenting the outcomes of a study that explores the coach–client relationship and captures perspectives from internal coaches, external coaches, managers, and, notably, coachees, also known as coaching clients. Employing a …

Will Assignments Be Perceived As A Waste Of Time? The Impact Of Ai On Perceptions Of Illegitimate Tasks, Michelle Fleig-Palmer, Bruce Johnson, Axton Betz-Hamilton, Monty Bohrer, Ekaterina Koromyslova, Craig Silvernagel, Biying Yang

Mountain Plains Business Conference

Wasted time and effort has been, and continues to be, a long-standing concern not just for managers but also for workers as well. Over one hundred years ago, Frank Gilbreth (1911/1953) argued that, “There is no waste of any kind in the world that equals the waste from needless, illdirected, and ineffective motions” (p. 149). Despite advances in technology over the past century, workers’ perceptions of wasteful effort, i.e., illegitimate tasks, have continued to persist (Ding & Kuvaas, 2023; Semmer et al., 2010). Today, with the rapid expansion of artificial intelligence (AI) into different arenas, both academic and work-related, how …

The Changing Nature Of Work And Its Effects On Employee Well-Being, Lauren O'Connell

Student Publications

The nature of work is constantly evolving, shaped by societal shifts and the absence of a universal standard for organizations. Remote work, initially a temporary solution during the COVID-19 pandemic, has emerged as a lasting norm, with flexible work-from-home (WFH) arrangements becoming a defining feature of the modern workplace. Despite the growing prevalence of WFH, limited research remains on its effects on employee well-being. This paper examines the benefits of WFH, like flexibility and autonomy, alongside challenges, such as longer hours, reduced supervisor support, and weakened employee connections. These trade-offs impact roles that depend on a positive and cohesive team …