Psychological Net Worth: Finding The Balance Between Psychological Capital And Psychological Debt,
2011
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Psychological Net Worth: Finding The Balance Between Psychological Capital And Psychological Debt, Michele L. Millard
Department of Agricultural Leadership, Education, and Communication: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
This multi-level study examined a proposed framework of psychological net worth that builds on the current psychological capital conceptualization of positive psychological assets provided to an organization by articulating the construct of psychological debt or those psychological liabilities in an organization. By describing psychological debt as a collection of negative attributes that occur at the individual level for individuals that hamper productivity, morale, and effectiveness in organizations, this framework of psychological net worth proposes the need to create a psychological balance sheet of psychological capital and debt. Psychological debt is described using the dimension of emotional labor, job insecurity, job …
Two Essays On Managerial Incentives,
2011
Louisiana Tech University
Two Essays On Managerial Incentives, Hui Liang
Doctoral Dissertations
Jensen and Meckling (1976) and Jensen (1986) argue that the separation of ownership and control may generate agency problems between managers and shareholders. The equity-based compensation, by tying managerial wealth to firm long-run stock performance, can incentivize managers to be more receptive to undertaking value-increasing financial policies and to improving firm performance therefore can be used as an effective tool to achieve consonance between managers actions and shareholders interest. Over the last two decades, the increased prevalence of equity-based compensation in the form of stock and options, is partially due to an increased acceptance of the alignment effect of equity-based …
Mixture Latent Markov Modeling: Identifying And Predicting Unobserved Heterogeneity In Longitudinal Qualitative Status Change,
2011
University of Maryland
Mixture Latent Markov Modeling: Identifying And Predicting Unobserved Heterogeneity In Longitudinal Qualitative Status Change, Mo Wang, David Chan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
There are many areas of organizational research where we may be concerned with subgroup differences in status change profiles. The purpose of this article is to illustrate, using a real data set on retirees' postretirement employment statuses (PES), how mixture latent Markov modeling may be applied to substantive research in organizational settings to identify population subgroups with varying status change profiles and examine their correlates, by modeling unobserved heterogeneity in longitudinal qualitative changes. Steps in the modeling process are highlighted and limitations, cautions, recommendations, and extensions of the technique are discussed.
Stability And Change In Goal Orientation And Their Relationship With Performance: Testing Density Distributions Using Latent Trait-State Models,
2011
Old Dominion University
Stability And Change In Goal Orientation And Their Relationship With Performance: Testing Density Distributions Using Latent Trait-State Models, Michael Charles Mihalecz
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
Goal orientation has been proposed to influence a number of training and work outcomes. However, results have been inconsistent and predicted relationships are weaker than anticipated (Payne, Youngcourt & Beaubien, 2007). Weak findings may be due to inconsistencies in how goal orientation is conceptualized and operationalized (DeShon & Gillespie, 2005; Grant & Dweck, 2003; Kaplan & Maehr, 2007). One such inconsistency is the treatment of goal orientation as a stable trait or a malleable state. Issues of state-versus-trait have long fueled the person-situation debate in personality psychology. Fleeson (2001) offered a solution for integrating the two theoretical perspectives called the …
A Macro Perspective To Micro Issues,
2011
Singapore Management University
A Macro Perspective To Micro Issues, Devasheesh P. Bhave, Stephane Brutus
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Comments on an article by Elaine D. Pulakos and Ryan S. O'Leary. The authors argue that bringing the focus on the relationship between the manager and the employee will mend performance management. We concur with the broad assessment that an excessive focus on technical improvements in performance management systems is misplaced and that implementation issues plague performance management. But we believe that poor implementation is an operational challenge not because of the practice itself but rather on account of misalignment. They also allude to a consideration of alignment. They also glosses over the issue of internal alignment or the fact …
The Use Of Role-Player Prompts In Assessment Center Exercises,
2011
Ghent University
The Use Of Role-Player Prompts In Assessment Center Exercises, Eveline Schollaert, Filip Lievens
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
So far, a substantial amount of assessment center (AC) studies have aimed to improve the quality of the AC method by focusing on the assessors. However, systematic studies about the role-player in AC exercises are nonexistent. This is surprising as the role-player might serve as a key figure for consistently evoking job-relevant behavior across candidates. Therefore, this study focused on the 'role' of role-players in ACs. We examined the effects of instructing role-players to use prompts among 233 candidates. Results suggest that role-players are able to use prompts and that their negative impact on candidates' reactions is negligible. In addition, …
The Organizational Creativity Actualization Model: A Book Proposal,
2011
SUNY Buffalo State University
The Organizational Creativity Actualization Model: A Book Proposal, Russell Schneck
Creativity and Change Leadership Graduate Student Master's Projects
This project consists of a book proposal, including two sample chapters, that provides a vision for how organizations can effectively use creativity and creative thinking to address the rapid escalation of complexity. The working title for the book is: The Creativity Organization: Responding to the Challenges and Opportunities of Complexity. The book will explore the organizational development requirements and programs necessary to transform an organizational culture so that it will consistently and sustainably develop and support creativity. At the foundation of this discussion is the Organizational Creativity Actualization Model (OCAM). This model considers organizational creativity as a system of …
Minor Incidents With Major Impacts: The Effects Of Bottom-Up Incivility On Supervisor Targets,
2011
Western Kentucky University
Minor Incidents With Major Impacts: The Effects Of Bottom-Up Incivility On Supervisor Targets, Abby Meador
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Incivility within organizations is a rampant problem with dire consequences,including adverse effects on both job satisfaction and psychological states. This study was conducted to address the gap in the current literature that looks at incivility within organizations. To date, no studies have assessed the impact of bottom-up incivility (i.e., incivility that is directed from subordinates to supervisors) on supervisor targets. Thus, this study investigated the impact of bottom-up forms of incivility of supervisors’ mental and physical states, as well as their levels of job satisfaction. However, due to small sample sizes, the current research was expanded to address the effects …
Situational Assessment On Leadership - Student Assessment (Salsa©): An Evaluation Of The Convergent Validity With Multi-Source Feedback In Division I Intercollegiate Athletics,
2011
Western Kentucky University
Situational Assessment On Leadership - Student Assessment (Salsa©): An Evaluation Of The Convergent Validity With Multi-Source Feedback In Division I Intercollegiate Athletics, David Normansell
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
The current study assessed the convergent validity of the Situational Assessment of Leadership – Student Assessment (SALSA©) and multi-source ratings in Division I intercollegiate athletic teams. Identified student-athlete team leaders were asked to complete the SALSA©, which assesses eight dimensions of leadership. By assessing the relationship between SALSA© scores and multi-source ratings (i.e., self, teammate, and coach), of the same eight leadership dimensions, a unique multi-dimensional perspective of leadership is revealed. Results indicated a significant positive relationship between overall SALSA© scores and overall self and coach performance ratings. Overall SALSA© scores also were significantly correlated with Overall Leadership Effectiveness peer-ratings. …
Gender Differences In Perceived Costs And Benefits Of Workplace Mistreatment,
2011
Western Kentucky University
Gender Differences In Perceived Costs And Benefits Of Workplace Mistreatment, Lindsey Greco
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Workplace mistreatment, in the form of both incivility and aggression, can have a major impact on personal and organizational outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine the mental judgments that individuals make before engaging in either uncivil or aggressive behavior. Data was analyzed in terms of both the potential costs and the potential benefits that an instigator could expect from engaging in such behavior, with specific emphasis on gender differences in cost/benefit expectations. There were no significant gender differences in either the perceived costs or the perceived benefits of engaging in incivility. The hypothesis that individuals with a …
Perceptions Of Gender Roles In The Advertising Industry,
2011
Syracuse University
Perceptions Of Gender Roles In The Advertising Industry, Cristina Perez Balitaan
Renée Crown University Honors Thesis Projects - All
The advertising industry since its inception has been saturated with male views and opinions, consequently manifesting in the sexual objectification of women. However, with more career opportunities for women in recent years, more women are choosing to engage in non-traditional careers, such as the fields of advertising and marketing. Yet, despite the growing female population within the advertising industry, the content of advertising still continues to be filled with gender stereotypes. To understand how female advertisers negotiate their gender role and their role as a media producer, I surveyed female advertising students of S.I. Newhouse School of Public Communications (N=100) …
Authentic Leadership In Sports Teams,
2011
University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
Authentic Leadership In Sports Teams, Greg Houchin
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Authentic leadership includes a positive moral perspective characterized by high ethical standards that guide decision making and behavior. The measurement of authentic leadership is aimed at a leader’s ability to be genuine. This study identified and analyzed authentic leaders on sports teams. Group cohesion was also assessed. The purpose was to determine whether authentic leadership would lead to performance when mediated by team cohesion and trust. Survey analyses were used to assess several teams. Results indicated that sports teams may benefit from training in authentic leadership. Authentic leadership predicts higher levels of trust, team cohesion, and group performance.
Factors Contributing To Young Worker Atod Use Both And Off The Job,
2011
University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
Factors Contributing To Young Worker Atod Use Both And Off The Job, Sara Michelle Martin
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The present study was designed to evaluate whether workplace factors such as permissive culture or workplace stress are associated with the day-to-day use of alcohol, tobacco or other drugs (ATOD) among young adult workers (N = 187). Previous research has found stronger relationships between ATOD use and workplace factors when ATOD use was measured on and off the job separately. To isolate on the job factors from off the job ATOD use, participants were asked to complete daily diary entries regarding their workday. It was predicted that workers who report stressful workdays and ATOD-tolerant workplace cultures will report more ATOD …
Evaluating The Benefits Of Expressive Writing Interventions On Workplace Variables : Job Satisfaction, Stress, And Perceived Well-Being,
2011
Montclair State University
Evaluating The Benefits Of Expressive Writing Interventions On Workplace Variables : Job Satisfaction, Stress, And Perceived Well-Being, Amparo Sadovnik
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
The following thesis project outlines the possible benefits of the use of different types of writing interventions on workplace variables. The objective of this research project was to find supporting evidence to the idea that writing interventions such as traditional multisession writing activities, and one-time expressive letter writing, can help individuals enhance their perceived well-being, decrease their perceived levels of stress, and improve their job satisfaction. Sixty three participants from an undergraduate student population at a local state university, including 55 females and with an average age of 23 years, were asked to either write three consecutive times about a …
The Creative Coach: Exploring The Synergies Between Creative Problem Solving: Thinking Skills Model And Non-Directive Coaching,
2011
M.S. Candidate at Buffalo State College
The Creative Coach: Exploring The Synergies Between Creative Problem Solving: Thinking Skills Model And Non-Directive Coaching, Trevor J. Mcalpine
Creativity and Change Leadership Graduate Student Master's Projects
This project looks at the similarities and differences between the most recent version of Creative Problem Solving called Creative Problem Solving: Thinking Skills Model and the approach to coaching known as Non-Directive Coaching. Creativity practitioners are challenged to find opportunities of engaging in formal full-blown, group-based Creative Problem Solving sessions. There is a need to find other, less formal ways of helping people use their creativity. The Thinking Skills Model’s design allows it to mesh with the creative process in other content areas by making the basic concepts of Creative Problem Solving transferable to those other contexts. Non-Directive Coaching …
Self-Monitoring Personality At Work Revisited: A Comparative Meta-Analysis,
2011
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Self-Monitoring Personality At Work Revisited: A Comparative Meta-Analysis, Michael P. Wilmot
Department of Agricultural Leadership, Education, and Communication: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
The validity of self-monitoring personality in work and organizational settings was reexamined. Comparative meta-analyses using both random-effects and fixed-effects models were conducted (349 total samples; N = 75,811) to test the relationship between self-monitoring personality and work-related and demographic correlates, as well as the reliability of the self-monitoring measures. Contributions were made to the literatures of self-monitoring and meta-analysis. Self-monitoring: Results indicated that self-monitoring related to a number of relevant organizational outcomes, including job effectiveness and success, leadership, and ingratiation. Some results ran contrary to the prior meta-analysis (Day, Shleicher, Unckless, & Hiller, 2002). Meaningful differences were found between the …
The Effects Of Body Characteristics On Perceived Competence,
2011
University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
The Effects Of Body Characteristics On Perceived Competence, Courtney Michelle Kneip
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of different body characteristics on perceived competence; specifically, height, weight, and physical appearance. Participants were asked to login to their online school accounts and were then directed to a specific survey. All surveys consisted of the same questions, but included a different photograph. Participants then listened to a pre-recorded speech after being told that the individual in the photograph was the individual giving the speech. All surveys asked participants to rate judgments of height, weight, and physical appearance, compared to the average American. The speech provided the basis for the …
Faking In Personality Assessments: An Investigation Of A Method Factor Measure Of Faking,
2011
University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
Faking In Personality Assessments: An Investigation Of A Method Factor Measure Of Faking, Raven Lynnette Worthy
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The goal of this study was to assess the efficacy of a newly developed "method factor" measure of faking to control for the effects of faking when personality tests are used to predict performance criteria. Traditional measures of faking, such as social desirability scales, have not been found to adequately control for faking. This study assessed the adequacy of the newly developed measure. When controlling for faking, as measured by the method factor, the validity of conscientiousness as a predictor of undergraduate GPA was larger. Additionally, the nature of the method factor across experimental conditions was investigated. The method factor …
Exploring Individual And Organizational Level Antecedents Of Experienced Workplace Incivility,
2011
University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
Exploring Individual And Organizational Level Antecedents Of Experienced Workplace Incivility, Sara Ann Terlicki
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The present research explored antecedents of experienced workplace incivility, specifically, the individual characteristics of agreeableness, negative affectivity, and emotional stability, and organizational (work) characteristics including social and contextual factors. Three competing models linking these antecedents to experienced workplace incivility were developed. One hundred seventy six participants were included in the final sample. Participants were recruited directly from companies and through an internet-based snowball sampling approach. Participants completed a questionnaire to assess experienced workplace incivility and dispositional individual and work characteristics. The results indicated that individual and work characteristics are important antecedents of experienced workplace incivility. However, work characteristics, specifically social …
The Influence Of Identity Salience On Cross-Generational Perspectives Of Work Life Balance,
2011
University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
The Influence Of Identity Salience On Cross-Generational Perspectives Of Work Life Balance, Cherise Nicole White
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The goal of this study is to test a new model of work life (nonwork) balance (WLB) that may explain individual and cross-generational differences in views of WLB. A prominent feature within this model, identity salience, is described as the values and importance a person attaches to the multiple roles they manage. This study addresses one of the major causes for inconsistency in the existing WLB research by examining how and why perceptions of WLB differ depending on the life stage of sample participants. The model was supported and findings suggest that individual perceptions of work life balance are contingent …
