Decentralized Science (Desci): A New Paradigm For Diverse And Sustainable Scientific Development,
2023
The State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China
Decentralized Science (Desci): A New Paradigm For Diverse And Sustainable Scientific Development, Feiyue Wang, Wenwen Ding
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
The rise of artificial intelligence for science (AI4S) has made it particularly important and urgent to ensure the openness, fairness, impartiality, diversity, and sustainability of scientific systems. This is significant to the discourse power and leadership of countries in global innovation and industrial revolution, and also affects the security, stability, and sustainable development of a community with a shared future for mankind. To address these challenges, AI4S needs to adopt new scientific organizational and operational methods. Decentralized science (DeSci) has emerged to vitalize AI4S and provide strong support, effectively addressing issues such as information silos, biases, unfair distribution, and monopolies …
Driving Logic, Critical Path And China’S Breakthrough In Building A World Power In Science And Technology—Based On Historical Survey Of Building A World Power In Science And Technology By Britain, Germany, And The United States,
2023
School of Education, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, China
School of Public Policy and Administration, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
Driving Logic, Critical Path And China’S Breakthrough In Building A World Power In Science And Technology—Based On Historical Survey Of Building A World Power In Science And Technology By Britain, Germany, And The United States, Qiang Bai
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Building a world science and technology powerhouse is China’s strategic development goal. Stones from other mountains can be used to attack jade, so as to deeply analyze the driving logic and key paths of Britain, Germany, and the United States in building a world science and technology powerhouse can gain insights from them, with important reference value for China. The investigation found that the establishment of a world science and technology powerhouse is the result of the combined action of six innovative driving logic: national policy innovation, education reform innovation, team building innovation, enterprise application innovation, independent technology innovation, and …
Evaluation Of Basic Research Institutions: Practice And Inspiration From Max Planck Society In Germany,
2023
Institute of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Evaluation Of Basic Research Institutions: Practice And Inspiration From Max Planck Society In Germany, Zhongcheng Guan, Xiaolei Chen, Teng Wang, Haijun Zheng
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Basic research institutions are a crucial component of China’s strategic scientific and technological strength. Efficient evaluation of their development status is an important part in improving China’s basic research level and achieving sci-tech selfreliance and self-strengthening at higher levels. Therefore, this study takes the top basic research institution the Max Planck Society as an example to explore the evaluation system constructed by it for its affiliated Max Planck Institutes. Firstly, the study summarizes the evaluation content and characteristics of different evaluation stages in the specific evaluation process of the Max Planck Society. Secondly, it compares and analyzes the key evaluation …
Dynamic Mechanism Of Science Based Technological Innovation And Industrial Evolution—Take Semiconductor, Digital Computer And Radio Technologies As Examples,
2023
School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
Dynamic Mechanism Of Science Based Technological Innovation And Industrial Evolution—Take Semiconductor, Digital Computer And Radio Technologies As Examples, Yi Zhang, Qiang Yan
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
By studying the technological innovation and industrial development process of semiconductor, digital computer and radio, this study analyzes the path, conditions and force of science-based technological innovation and its industrialization, establishes a chain reaction model of large-scale technological innovation and diffusion, and compares it with market-based technological innovation. It is found that the large-scale aggregation of scientific research institutions and industrial laboratories accelerates the speed of technological innovation, and diffuses along two paths of scientific research institutions to enterprises and enterprises to enterprises, forming a chain reaction of large-scale technological innovation. Strategic demand is the basic driving force for the …
Strategy Choices Of Science And Technology Development Of China’S Industries Of Future,
2023
School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Strategy Choices Of Science And Technology Development Of China’S Industries Of Future, Kaihua Chen, Zhuo Feng, Jin Kang, Jie Yang
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
The industries of the future (IOF) that cater to the new demands and scenarios of economic society significantly rely on breakthroughs in disruptive cutting-edge technologies, therefore, it is crucial to study the demands of future industrial technology development and management in order to make strategic choices for technology. This study finds that the science and technology development of IOF impetus is reflected in three aspects: the supply of science and technology factors, the cultivation of science and technology scenarios, and the assurance of science and technology policies. The development direction depends on breakthroughs in emerging and significant frontier of science …
International Relations From Below: Teaching Absences In International Relations,
2023
International Institute of Social Studies (ISS) of Erasmus University Rotterdam
International Relations From Below: Teaching Absences In International Relations, Tamara Soukotta
Feminist Pedagogy
For four years (2017-2022) I was part of a teaching team to teach the subject of International Relations (IR) to second-year Bachelor International Studies students. The course was structured to have twelve lectures; these lectures were to be delivered by the course leaders to an audience of 500-800 students. In addition to the lectures, students had four tutorial classes, where the rest of the teaching team worked with smaller groups of students (12-15 students in each group). These classes were designed to help the students link theories and practices. As a woman of colour teaching IR in a Dutch university, …
Women’S Empowerment As A Determinant Of Child’S Nutrition: Evidence From A Cambodia Demographic And Health Survey,
2023
Cambodia University of Technology and Science (CamTech)
Women’S Empowerment As A Determinant Of Child’S Nutrition: Evidence From A Cambodia Demographic And Health Survey, Vatana Chea, Socheata Sar
Journal of Demography
Does the empowerment of women improve a child’s long-term health outcome? Although the relationship seems intuitive in daily life, most studies done globally have found no association. This paper explicates the relationship between women’s empowerment and children’s malnutrition by taking Cambodia as a case study and adding new empirical evidence to the debate. Data were drawn from the Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) 2014, with a sample of 4,118 children nationwide. To measure children’s nutritional status, this study employed the WHO’s height-for-age (HFA) and weight-for-age (WFA) metrics, and at the same time, used the Survey-Based Women’s emPowERment Index (SWPER), …
Portugal To New Mexico: Investigating The Applicability Of Syntropic Agriculture To A Semi-Arid Continental Climate,
2023
SIT Study Abroad
Portugal To New Mexico: Investigating The Applicability Of Syntropic Agriculture To A Semi-Arid Continental Climate, Arielle Nathan
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
Conventional industrial agriculture has numerous detrimental effects on the environment including high carbon emissions, pollution and overconsumption of water, soil degradation, and reduction of biodiversity (FAO, 2018). Large-scale alternatives are needed to combat these negative consequences and provide climate solutions. Syntropic Agriculture is a promising farming alternative especially in arid systems subject to degraded soils and desertification. New Mexico is a semi-arid continental climate in a prolonged period of drought and predicted to experience worsening agricultural conditions due to desertification, wildfire intensification, and exacerbated water scarcity. In an area with similar agricultural challenges, a project in Mértola, Portugal (Terra Sintrópica) …
Whole School Improvement Programme (Wsip): A Female Headteacher, Serving In Public School Perspectives,
2023
Aga Khan University
Whole School Improvement Programme (Wsip): A Female Headteacher, Serving In Public School Perspectives, Sultan Alam
Professional Development Centre, Gilgit
The research centered on delving into the experiences of a female headteacher in a public school who participated in a WSIP initiative and effectively implemented its teachings within her educational institution. This initiative stands as a flagship program of AKU-IED, PDCN in the specific context of Gilgit-Baltistan. Its aim is to introduce educational reforms in the region through formal in-person and distance education modes for headteachers.
The results revealed that the WSIP intervention wielded a substantial influence over the female headteacher's professional methodologies. This led to a transformation in her mindset and a noticeable enhancement of her skills. The headteacher …
Carbon Credibility: Strategic Opportunities For Asean Regional Industrial Policy In Voluntary Carbon Markets,
2023
SIT Study Abroad
Carbon Credibility: Strategic Opportunities For Asean Regional Industrial Policy In Voluntary Carbon Markets, Bryan Jed Soh
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
Carbon offsets have come under increasing scrutiny due to uncertainties in real carbon abatement, transparency, and fears that it will exacerbate global inequality by allowing the global North to ‘pay to pollute’ through ethically questionable projects in the South. Following Article 2.1.C of the Paris Agreement, this paper argues that the global green transition requires private capital to be fully mobilized through voluntary carbon markets (VCMs). Given that ASEAN states face some of the world’s greatest climate risks while being a fast-growing region, this case study answers the question: how can states play a more proactive role in regulating VCMs …
Analysis Of The Effects Of Nafta On Rural Farmers In Mexico: Agriculture And Immigration,
2023
SIT Study Abroad
Analysis Of The Effects Of Nafta On Rural Farmers In Mexico: Agriculture And Immigration, Kevin Xavier Garcia-Galindo
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
This research paper examines the effects of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) on agricultural workers in rural Mexico and immigration rates from those regions. The paper aims to investigate the validity of claims regarding the impact of NAFTA on immigration and agriculture, which are often interconnected. By focusing on the rural farming communities of Mexico, the study incorporates ethnographic perspectives to complement existing academic research on NAFTA. The research question explores how NAFTA affected agricultural workers in rural Mexico and its implications for immigration patterns. Through a comprehensive literature review and interviews with individuals involved in rural farming, …
A Case Study Of Sustainable Development At The Penonomé Wind Farms, A Cdm Registered Project In Coclé,
2023
SIT Study Abroad
A Case Study Of Sustainable Development At The Penonomé Wind Farms, A Cdm Registered Project In Coclé, John Matuszewski
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
The Penonomé wind projects fit into a long history of previous internationally financed development projects in Panama, including those from the Clean Development Mechanism. A moderate level of research has been conducted on other Clean Development Mechanism projects, but despite contributing to 5% of Panama’s energy needs and constituting the largest wind park in Central America, the Penonomé wind farms remain little researched. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with relevant people associated with the project or with relevant information to gain more information about the case study. Using the information processed from these reviews and information from publicly available resources, the …
Should I Stay Or Should I Go: A Preliminary Case Study Of Labor Migration Aspirations Among Female Undergraduate Students At The University Of Jordan,
2023
SIT Study Abroad
Should I Stay Or Should I Go: A Preliminary Case Study Of Labor Migration Aspirations Among Female Undergraduate Students At The University Of Jordan, Simon Khairallah
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
This preliminary case study investigated the composition, complexity, and presence of labor migration aspirations among female undergraduate students at the University of Jordan. The University of Jordan was selected as the research site due to its size and prominence in Jordan. The study sought to explore female participants’ perspectives on the current economic situation in Jordan, migration aspirations, and desired destinations. Interviews were conducted with undergraduate students at the University of Jordan. Of these ten participants, six expressed clear labor migration aspirations, three expressed aspirations to stay, and one expressed ambivalent migration aspirations. Nearly all participants expressed negative views of …
Always Sunny In Zanzibar: Exploring Solar Power On The Island,
2023
SIT Study Abroad
Always Sunny In Zanzibar: Exploring Solar Power On The Island, Quinn Brannan
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
As Zanzibar continues along its developmental path, the island’s energy infrastructure takes on a central role in future plans for growth. Critically, as the population grows and tourist presence is predicted to increase, the island is presented with the combined problem of supplying a greater volume of energy, while also providing a more reliable source to its existing populace. In this study, I will examine existing solar energy systems for capacity, accessibility, and reliability, as well as evaluate their efficacy in providing a functional source of power, both now and in the future. I conduct interviews with assorted stakeholders in …
Community Participation In Ngo Funded Classroom Construction And Water Supply Projects In Kibaha District, Tanzania,
2023
Mzumbe University
Community Participation In Ngo Funded Classroom Construction And Water Supply Projects In Kibaha District, Tanzania, Mrisho M. Malipula, Mangi J. Ezekiel
BISNIS & BIROKRASI: Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi dan Organisasi
Community participation in development projects has been sustained rhetoric despite the rise of NGOs, which are regarded as efficient in affording participatory development practices. This article examines the nature and level of community participation in classroom construction and water supply projects implemented in partnership with NGOs in Tanzania. It examines community participation at different stages of the project cycle, the costs and benefits of motivational effect on community members' participation, the contribution of the sense of ownership and sustenance on community participation, as well as how community participation in development projects can be enhanced. Face-to-face interviews with 122 participants and …
Development And Initial Validation Of Scales For Coming Out Vigilance And Positive Coming Out Responses,
2023
Utah State University
Development And Initial Validation Of Scales For Coming Out Vigilance And Positive Coming Out Responses, Samuel J. Skidmore, G. Tyler Lefevor, Kiet D. Huynh, Connor O. Berg
Psychology Faculty Publications
Coming out involves sexual and gender minorities (SGMs) disclosing their identity to others, and is often related to improved health, well-being, and social support. However, coming out is not always perceived as a positive event, and outcomes of identity disclosure may vary depending on how coming out is approached and how others respond. The present study reports on the development and validation of the Coming Out Vigilance (COV) and the Positive Coming Out Responses (PCOR) measures. Two subsamples of SGMs with varying degrees of outness— totaling 399 individuals—were utilized in the development and validation of these measures. Exploratory and confirmatory …
Animal Therapies And Activities For Children To Improve Health Benefits,
2023
Duquesne University
Animal Therapies And Activities For Children To Improve Health Benefits, Ava Bonita
D.U.Quark
Animal-assisted therapy (AAT) is a method of informal animal interaction that is individualized to a patient by a medical professional. This form of therapy has been found to benefit children more than physical, occupational, or mental therapy alone. This practice intertwines animal incorporation with traditional therapy to improve results, relieve stress, and benefit mood and mental stability. Since this is a relatively new practice, the lasting effects, consistency, and validity of trial results are still unknown. However, incorporating animals has been found to positively impact the physical and mental well-being of children who partake in sessions. The purpose of this …
Social And Cultural Values In Alaskan Subsistence Management: Rurality And The Meaning Of “Meaningful” Natural Resource Management,
2023
SIT Graduate Institute/SIT Study Abroad
Social And Cultural Values In Alaskan Subsistence Management: Rurality And The Meaning Of “Meaningful” Natural Resource Management, Jarred Haynes
Capstone Collection
In Alaska, subsistence is a way of life for some communities. The Federal Subsistence Board (FSB) oversees the Federal Subsistence Management Program. One of its responsibilities is to determine areas as subsistence or non-subsistence areas. This decision, in part, is based on whether subsistence is a “principal characteristic of the economy, culture, and way of life”. (James A. Fall, Division of Subsistence, 2018). The federal policy grants these communities priority in the taking of wild resources (Title VIII of the Alaska National Interests Lands Conservation Act). Interviews revealed factors of vulnerability and resilience, specifically in the context of subsistence. Scoones …
The Experiences Of Children On Sri Lanka's Tea Plantations: Labor And Sexual Exploitation, Violence, And Inadequate Education,
2023
The Youth Voice International, Sri Lanka
The Experiences Of Children On Sri Lanka's Tea Plantations: Labor And Sexual Exploitation, Violence, And Inadequate Education, Rathnayake Mudiyanselage Bandaranayake, Glenn M. Miles, Jarrett D. Davis, Madeline Stenersen, Anjum Umrani
Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence
This article explores the difficulties faced by children living in Sri Lanka’s tea plantation areas. Data from 150 children reveal high rates of poverty, violence, and school dropout. Children in tea plantation schools report bullying and stigma from teachers and students. Many children do not envision completing school due to inadequate resources, family income pressures, and the need to work. Children who drop out of school face abusive labor conditions and poor pay. Over 30% of all children report experiencing sexual abuse, often in their own homes. Those working face discrimination, physical abuse, and wage theft. Initiatives are needed to …
Extreme E-Service Learning: Remote Learning For Undergraduate Students And Telehealth Intervention For Children With Autism,
2023
CUNY Graduate Center
Extreme E-Service Learning: Remote Learning For Undergraduate Students And Telehealth Intervention For Children With Autism, Madiha S. Muzammal
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Extreme e-service learning courses in higher education, in which all components of the course including the instruction and service is provided online (Waldenr et al., 2012), offer rich educational experience as well as mutual benefits to the students, community and the higher education institutes. Very few studies have examined extreme e-service learning. We examined an undergraduate extreme e-service learning course in psychology; students learned through a virtual class and provided telehealth behavioral intervention services to children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Utilizing mixed methods (quantitative and qualitative measures including student observations, assignments, and self-reports) and a mixed design (single subject …
