Extended Grazing: A Detailed Analysis Of Irish Dairy Farms,
2012
Agriculture and Food Development Authority (Ireland)
Extended Grazing: A Detailed Analysis Of Irish Dairy Farms, D. Läpple, T. Hennessy, M. O'Donovan
Farm Animal Husbandry Collection
Profitability and factors affecting grazing season length were econometrically analyzed using a representative sample of Irish dairy farms. The objective of this study was to explore what potential exists on Irish dairy farms to extend the grazing season and to quantify the possible economic benefits that result from lengthening the grazing season. Regression results indicate that location factors affect the length of the grazing season, but even when physical factors are controlled, farmer characteristics, such as education, also affect the grazing season length. The results of a panel data analysis show that significant cost reductions can be achieved by extending …
Mammary Cell Activity And Turnover In Dairy Cows Treated With The Prolactin-Release Inhibitor Quinagolide And Milked Once Daily, M. Boutinaud, V. Lollivier, L. Finot, R. M. Bruckmaier, P. Lacasse
Physiology Collection
To assess the regulation of mammary cell activity, survival, and proliferation by prolactin (PRL), 5 Holstein cows in early lactation received daily i.m. injections of 1 mg of quinagolide, a suppressor of PRL release, for 9 wk, whereas 4 control cows received the vehicle (water) only. During the last week of treatment, one udder half was milked once a day (1×) and the other twice a day (2×). Mammary biopsies were harvested 1 wk before and 4 and 8 wk after the start of quinagolide treatment. The quinagolide injections reduced milk yield and resulted in lower levels of κ-casein and …
The Welfare Of Calves In The Beef Industry,
2012
WellBeing International
The Welfare Of Calves In The Beef Industry
Agribusiness Reports
Calves raised for beef often begin life unconfined, on rangeland where they are free to express their natural behavior. However, the welfare of calves can be compromised by certain specific management practices, typical on many ranching operations. These include castration of male calves, dehorning, and branding, all of which are usually performed without anesthesia or analgesia, pain relief of any kind. Welfare is also a concern during weaning, handling, auction, and transport, common stressful events that occur before calves are moved to feedlots. Techniques to minimize pain and distress should be used or further developed in order to address the …
Outdoor Cats: An Animal Welfare And Protection Perspective,
2012
The Humane Society of the United States
Outdoor Cats: An Animal Welfare And Protection Perspective, John Hadidian, Inga Gibson, Susan Hagood, Nancy Peterson, Bernard Unti, Betsy Mcfarland, Katie Lisnik, Heather Bialy, Inga Fricke, Kathleen Schatzmann, Jennifer Fearing, Pam Runquist, Andrew N. Rowan (Ed.)
Stray and Feral Animal Populations Collection
First raised as a serious conservation issue more than 100 years ago, the impact of free-roaming cats on wildlife has been a subject of debate, controversy, and conflict since then. Cats have been tied directly to the extinction of sensitive species in island environments and implicated as major threats to certain wildlife populations elsewhere. Yet the study of free-roaming cats and the problems attributed to them lags behind the standards of research typical with more traditional vertebrate “pest” species. Alternative management approaches, ranging from traditional practices such as removal and depopulation to emerging concepts such as Trap- Neuter-Return (TNR), have …
Bird Red List And Its Future Development In Mongolia,
2012
National University of Mongolia
Bird Red List And Its Future Development In Mongolia, Sundev Gombobaatar, D. Samiya, Jonathan M. Baillie
Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298
With the involvement of the World Bank, Zoological Society of London, Dutch Government and National University of Mongolia, the volumes of Mongolian Red Lists of Fish, Amphibians and Reptiles, Birds and Mammals were completed, and Mongolia is now among the few nations that have up-to-date conservation assessments for all vertebrates. Of the 476 assessed native bird species of Mongolia, 10% were categorized as regionally threatened including Near Threatened. A further 0.6% were categorized as Critically Endangered (CR), 1.7% as Endangered (EN), 3.3% as Vulnerable (VU), and 4.4% as Near Threatened (NT). Almost 90% of Mongolian birds are categorized as Least …
Status, Dispersal, And Breeding Biology Of The Exotic Eurasian Collared-Dove (Streptopelia Decaocto) In Arkansas,
2012
University of Arkansas at Fort Smith
Status, Dispersal, And Breeding Biology Of The Exotic Eurasian Collared-Dove (Streptopelia Decaocto) In Arkansas, J. M. Fielder, R. Kannan, D. A. James, J. Cunningham
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
The exotic Eurasian Collared-Dove (Streptopelia decaocto) was first sighted in Arkansas at Harrison (Boone Co.) on 25 June 1989. Since this initial sighting the species has grown in numbers and is now present in 42 of 75 counties across the state. In the spring and summer of 2009 and 2010, 20 nests were observed in the urban areas of Fort Smith (Sebastian County). Fifteen of the 20 nests (75%) were located on human-made structures of which 13 (65%) were on an electrical substation and two (10%) were on utility poles. The remaining 5 nests (25%) were in trees. Mean nest …
The Friendly Yeti,
2012
University of Southern Mississippi
The Friendly Yeti, Daniel S. Capper
Faculty Publications
Most images of yetis in Western popular culture and scholarly literature portray them as secular, predatory monsters. These representations overlook important religious dimensions of yetis that are hidden in the current literature, so I take a new look at yetis in Tibetan religions in order to clarify our understanding of these legendary creatures. Following a phenomenological approach that sets aside the issue of the ontological existence of yetis, I examine texts, art, ritual, and folklore in order to propose four yeti personal ideal types: the Buddhist practitioner, the human religious ally, the friendly yeti, and the mountain deity yeti. These …
Chimpanzee (Pan Troglodytes) Responses To Visitors Using Chimpanzee-Friendly Behaviors,
2012
Central Washington University
Chimpanzee (Pan Troglodytes) Responses To Visitors Using Chimpanzee-Friendly Behaviors, Daniella Bismanovsky
All Master's Theses
Many studies suggest that zoo visitors are a cause of stress among animals; among primates, visitor presence can lead to an increase in aggressive displays, time spent non-visible to the public, and a decrease in overall activity. This study tested the effectiveness of using species-specific behaviors among a group of captive chimpanzees. There were 2 conditions: a control, and an experimental condition in which visitors were asked to adopt a stooped posture or lean on the railing, and show a chimpanzee play face. The visitors stooped their posture, sat, and leaned on the railing significantly more in the experimental condition …
Impact Of Different Handling Styles (Good Vs. Adverse) On Growth Performance, Behavior, And Cortisol Concentrations In Beef Cattle,
2012
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Impact Of Different Handling Styles (Good Vs. Adverse) On Growth Performance, Behavior, And Cortisol Concentrations In Beef Cattle, Joan Bauer, Beth Kegley, John Richeson, Doug Galloway, J. A. (Pete) Hornsby, Jana Reynolds
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
Our objective was to determine effects of aggressive handling on growth performance, behavior, and cortisol concentrations in beef calves. Crossbred calves (313 ± 4.7 kg; n = 54; 24 steers, 30 heifers) from a single herd were stratified by gender, body weight, and initial chute score, then allocated randomly to one of six pens. Each pen was randomly assigned to one of two handling treatments (good or adverse) applied on days 7, 35, 63, and 91. The objective of good treatment was to handle the calves quietly and gently to minimize stress. The objective of adverse treatment was to move …
The Arkansas Meat Goat Enterprise Budget,
2012
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
The Arkansas Meat Goat Enterprise Budget, Jessica House, H. I. Goodwin
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
Goats have long been the most populous livestock animals on the planet. They have been a staple food for many low-income countries. The United States has a growing demand for goat meat. There is an increase in ethnic cultures that desire goat meat as well as a growing interest from the general population. Goat meat is a healthy alternative compared to traditional red meats. Goats also pair well with other livestock animals due to their wide range of palatable feeds. They are commonly used in cattle operations for weed control because of their ability to consume noxious weeds. There is …
Invertebrate Abundances And Diversity Of A Six Year Old Organic Apple Orchard In Northwest Arkansas,
2012
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Invertebrate Abundances And Diversity Of A Six Year Old Organic Apple Orchard In Northwest Arkansas, Cory Johnson, Brina Smith, Mary C. Savin
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
Ground cover mulch applications in perennial systems can have multiple benefits, one of which may be to enhance the size and diversity of the ground surface faunal community. To determine if ground cover and organic fertilizer applications altered invertebrate communities, litters in an experimental 0.4-ha organic apple orchard in Fayetteville, Ark. were sampled during a four week period beginning in February 2012. The orchard was planted in 2006 in a replicated 4 × 3 factorial design with organic ground cover and fertilizer treatments applied annually each April. Invertebrates were extracted using Berlese funnels and hand sorting techniques. Ground covers (wood …
Do Clark’S Nutcrackers Demonstrate What-Where-When
Memory On A Cache-Recovery Task?,
2012
Luther College
Do Clark’S Nutcrackers Demonstrate What-Where-When Memory On A Cache-Recovery Task?, Kristy L. Gould, Amy J. Ort, Alan C. Kamil
Avian Cognition Papers
What-where-when (WWW) memory during cache recovery was investigated in six Clark’s nutcrackers. During caching, both red- and blue-colored pine seeds were cached by the birds in holes filled with sand. Either a short (3 day) retention interval (RI) or a long (9 day) RI was followed by a recovery session during which caches were replaced with either a single seed or wooden bead depending upon the color of the cache and length of the retention interval. Knowledge of what was in the cache (seed or bead), where it was located, and when the cache had been made (3 or 9 …
Conditioned Response Evoked By Nicotine Conditioned
Stimulus Preferentially Induces C-Fos Expression In
Medial Regions Of Caudate-Putamen,
2012
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Conditioned Response Evoked By Nicotine Conditioned Stimulus Preferentially Induces C-Fos Expression In Medial Regions Of Caudate-Putamen, Sergios Charntikov, Matthew E. Tracy, Changjiu Zhao, Ming Li, Rick A. Bevins
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Nicotine has both unconditioned and conditioned stimulus properties. Conditioned stimulus properties of nicotine may contribute to the tenacity of nicotine addiction. The purpose of this experiment was to use neurohistochemical analysis of rapidly developing c-Fos protein to elucidate neurobiological loci involved in the processing of nicotine as an interoceptive conditioned stimulus (CS). Rats were injected (SC) in an intermixed fashion with saline or nicotine (16 sessions of each) and placed in conditioning chambers where they were given one of the three conditions depending on group assignment: (a) nicotine paired 100% of the time with intermittent access to sucrose (nicotine-CS condition), …
How Selective Is Social Learning In Dolphins?,
2012
University of Southern Mississippi
How Selective Is Social Learning In Dolphins?, Stan A. Kuczaj Ii, Deirdre Yeater, Lauren Highfill
Psychology Faculty Publications
Social learning is an important aspect of dolphin social life and dolphin behavioral development. In addition to vocal social learning, dolphins discover behaviors for foraging, play, and social interactions by observing other members of their social group. But dolphins neither indiscriminately observe nor mindlessly mimic other dolphins. To the contrary, dolphin calves are quite selective in their choices of who to observe and/or imitate. Calves are most likely to learn foraging behaviors from their mothers, but they are more likely to watch and reproduce the play behaviors of other calves than the play behaviors of adult dolphins (including their mothers). …
A Scientific Mystery: Do Wild Baboons Kidnap Puppies For Pets?,
2011
Animal Studies Repository
A Scientific Mystery: Do Wild Baboons Kidnap Puppies For Pets?, Harold Herzog
Interactive Behavior Collection
Do wild baboons really keep puppies for pets?
The Animal Research Paradox,
2011
Animal Studies Repository
The Animal Research Paradox, Harold Herzog
Laboratory Research and Animal Welfare Collection
Does empathy give rats moral standing?
Forbidden Foods: Does Loving Pets Make It Easier To Eat Meat?,
2011
Animal Studies Repository
Forbidden Foods: Does Loving Pets Make It Easier To Eat Meat?, Harold Herzog
Dietary Choice and Foods of Animal Origin Collection
A new theory of meat taboos.
Economic Contribution Of The Agricultural Sector To The Arkansas Economy In 2009,
2011
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Economic Contribution Of The Agricultural Sector To The Arkansas Economy In 2009, Katherine Mcgraw, Jennie Popp, Wayne Miller
AAES Research Reports and Research Bulletins
This report is the sixth in a series of reports examining agriculture’s economic contribution on the Arkansas economy. Utilizing data from the United States Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), USDA Economic Research Service (ERS), USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), and Minnesota IMPLAN Group, Inc. (MIG), the economic contribution of agriculture on the Arkansas economy was estimated for the most recent year available, 2009. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by State information for Arkansas in 2009 was compared with those of other states in the southeast U.S. to give a measure of the relative importance of agriculture in Arkansas.2 The total …
A Non-Invasive Assay For Monitoring Stress Responses: A Comparison Between Wild And Captive-Reared Rainbowfish (Melanoteania Duboulayi),
2011
Macquarie University
A Non-Invasive Assay For Monitoring Stress Responses: A Comparison Between Wild And Captive-Reared Rainbowfish (Melanoteania Duboulayi), Amina Zuberi, Sinan Ali, Culum Brown
Aquaculture Collection
The stress response of wild and captive reared rainbowfish (Melanoteania duboulayi) following chasing by a simulated predator was examined. Cortisol release rate was monitored using a flow through system by measuring water borne hormone levels. Tests using known cortisol concentrations revealed that the technique yielded 95% of the cortisol present in the water. Cortisol release rates increased several fold in both populations after being chased but peaked at different time periods. Wild fish showed a typical stress response with release rate rising to (2.29±0.22 ng g−1 h−1) 2 h after exposure followed by rapid recovery. The captive-reared …
Animal Pain: What It Is And Why It Matters,
2011
Colorado State University
Animal Pain: What It Is And Why It Matters, Bernard E. Rollin
Animal Welfare Collection
The basis of having a direct moral obligation to an entity is that what we do to that entity matters to it. The ability to experience pain is a sufficient condition for a being to be morally considerable. But the ability to feel pain is not a necessary condition for moral considerability. Organisms could have possibly evolved so as to be motivated to flee danger or injury or to eat or drink not by pain, but by ‘‘pangs of pleasure’’ that increase as one fills the relevant need or escapes the harm. In such a world, ‘‘mattering’’ would be positive, …
