Physics Commons^™

Square Wave Modulation, Richard Henry Duncan

Masters Theses

"Modulation of a radio frequency carrier can be defined as the variation of some wave parameter such as amplitude, frequency, or phase, in accordance with intelligence to be transmitted. An unmodulated carrier is simply a continuous sine wave and contains no information other than the fact that the transmitter has been turned on. The spectrum of an unmodulated signal consists of a single frequency. Any type of modulation is characterized by the appearance of additional frequencies, known as sidebands. One of the fundamental problems in radio engineering is to reduce the number of sidebands to a minimum and still adequately …

The Completion, Adjustment, And Operation Of A Grazing Incidence Vacuum Ultraviolet Spectrograph, William Clinton Johnson-Chamberlain

Masters Theses

"Most gases, and particularly oxygen and nitrogen, are nearly opaque to radiation in the region from about 1800 Å downward to about 2 Å and hence, for spectroscopic work in this region, the removal of these gases is mandatory. Popular usage generally refers to the range mentioned above as the vacuum ultraviolet. That there remains much experimental work to be done in the vacuum ultraviolet has been pointed out by Boyce in his exhaustive survey of vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy. In order to fill in some of these gaps, Mr. L. H. Chapin, in the, spring of 1950, undertook the construction …

Torsional Modulus Of Rupture Of Thick-Walled Magnesium Alloy Fs-1 Tubing, Delbert R. Cox

Masters Theses

"Magnesium is taking a more prominent position in the structure of aircraft, and because of this, it is important that the mechanical properties of the material be understood more fully. In the high speeds of today, the tendency is toward the use of thick-walled tubing instead of the thin-walled tubing with stiffening structures. For this reason, it is of interest to note the characteristics of thick-walled tubing when subjected to torsion.

This thesis was first suggested by a circular letter on proposed thesis titles from the Commanding General, Air Materiel Command, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio. When interest was …

A Light Source To Be Used With A Vacuum Spectrograph, Roy George Woodle Jr.

Masters Theses

"A grazing incidence vacuum grating spectrograph for use in the vacuum ultraviolet was designed and partially constructed by Mr. L. H. Chapin, as a research project for a Master’s Degree. This instrument is designed to photograph the region of the spectrum from 100 Å to 1000 Å. As Boyce pointed out in his exhaustive review, there is much important observational work to be done in this region.

The author of this paper has undertaken to develop a satisfactory source for the region from 100 Å to 1000 Å. This is part of a project to photograph the emission and absorption …

A Lead Sulfide Near Infrared Detection System, William V. Cummings Jr.

Masters Theses

"The infrared region of the spectrum is conveniently divided into the near infrared, which extends from the red end of the visible to about 25 microns, and the far infrared, which continues to an ill-defined division point of approximately 1,000 microns. The near infrared region has been further subdivided on the basis of instrumental techniques so that the particular portion of the spectrum consisting of radiations of wave length up to 3 microns has become known as the photoelectric infrared.

Several types of detection instruments have been designed and perfected for work in the photoelectric region, but new methods and …

A Correlation Function For Liquid Argon, Walter Graham

Masters Theses

"X-ray scattering patterns have given considerable information concerning atomic distributions in matter, both crystalline and amorphous. Work on the diffraction of x-rays by crystals was begun in 1912 by Friedrich, Knipping, and Laue, and much valuable information concerning the arrangement of atoms in crystals has been supplied by this method. Diffraction of x-rays by gases was studied as early as 1911, and work in this field has given information concerning the arrangement of atoms in molecules and electron distribution in atoms. Work on the diffraction of x-rays by liquids was begun by Friedrich who obtained diffraction patterns of Canada Balsam, …

The Polarization Of Zodiacal Light, Maynard Cowan

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

It was the purpose of this study, (1) to measure the polarization of zodiacal light, (2) to investigate the orientation of the plane of polarization, and (3) to deduce from results obtained information concerning the origin of zodiacal light.

United States Patent: Antenna Guy Fitting, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

The invention to be hereinafter described relates to coupling devices for the attaching of fixed wire antenna to aircraft.

Heretofore, it has been the general practice to make connections between the fixed wire antenna and aircraft by wrapping the antenna wire about a thimble or like device, as in making a splice.

This practice resulted in a number of sharp points and rough surfaces whose susceptibility to corona discharge is well known. This corona discharge resulted in bad weather extremely difficult or dangerous due to interruption of radio navigation and communication services.

The present invention is designed to overcome the …

Application Of X-Ray Technique To The Detection Of Internal Insect Infestation Of Grain, Max Milner, Milford R. Lee, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

During the course of a comprehensive investigation of methods for the determination of internal insect infestation in commercial wheat, radiographic techniques have been developed at this station which provide satisfactory delineation of internal infestation. We have applied these techniques to the observation of the growth of such insects as granary weevil, Sitophilus granaries L., and rice weevil, Sitophilus oryza L., from the hatching of the egg within the kernel through larval and pupal growth to emergence as a mature insect. Although considerable detail is always lost in the reproduction of radiographs during engraving and printing, the accompanying figures (1, …

A Simple Experiment On Heat, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

This experiment requires apparatus consisting of two ring stands, two bunsen burners, safety matches, a sheet of hard asbestos board and a sheet of aluminum of approximately the same dimensions (6 in. long by 3½ in. wide by ⅛ in. thick). The ring stands are set side-by-side with the sheet of aluminum on one and the sheet of asbestos on the other. Two matches are placed on each sheet; one in the middle directly above the bunsen burner and one on the edge, two or three inches away. In what order will the matches catch fire after the burners are …

The Coexistence Of Eight Liquid Phases, Herbert A. Goeden

Bachelors’ Theses

For years chemists have been attempting to produce multiple immiscible liquid phase systems. The author has discovered a system of eight liquid phases in equilibrium. The eighth layer is a silicone oil. In order to utilize the silicone oil it was necessary to change two of the seven phases previously recorded.

The Coexistence Of Eight Liquid Phases, Herbert A. Goeden

Bachelors’ Theses

For years chemists have been attempting to produce multiple immiscible liquid phase systems. The author has discovered a system of eight liquid phases in equilibrium. The eighth layer is a silicone oil. In order to utilize the silicone oil it was necessary to change two of the seven phases previously recorded.

A Study Of An Inverse Feed-Back, Low Frequency, Low-Pass Filter, Ralph A. Nobles

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

In connection with other research work in the physics department at the University of New Mexico it became of interest to make a detailed study of a resistance-capacitance couples low-pass filter which incorporate inverse feed-back. In order to determine the effect of the inverse feed-back on the filters, calculations are made on circuits with and without feed-back. Response curves are calculated for step-wave inputs and for sine-wave inputs, and these calculated curves then compared with experimental response curves.

A New Method Of Detecting Low Intensity Nuclear Radiation, Emerson Jones

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

In general there exist in the energy level scheme of many of the elements, transitions which give rise to the liberation of energy in the visible or near visible spectra. This situation gave rise to the hope that a gaseous element could be selected such that upon being excited or ionized by charged particle radiation, the predominant transitions to lower energy levels could be detected by photographic means. If a means of detecting these transitions could be made sufficiently sensitive, one could then hope to detect very low radiation intensities of charged particles. The problem consisted of evacuating a chamber, …

Fluorescent Effects Produced By Rare Earth Elements, William J. Stekiel

Bachelors’ Theses

The subject matter of this thesis had its origin in a phenomena observed in the laboratory during a crystal analysis experiment by means of X-ray diffraction. While using crystals composed mainly of Neodynium and related rare earths as specimens, it was found that an unaccountable darkening of the film occurred in the region near the sample. This excessive darkening (over and above the normal amount produced by incident X-rays) was attributed to some type of back scattering of radiant energy produced by the crystalline elements composing the sample. Thus, the problem of this thesis was to carry out some simple …

Microradiography With Biological Specimens, Arthur D. Wellman

Bachelors’ Theses

Microradiography is a technique in which X-rays are directed through a very thin specimen onto a fine-grained photographic film and the image examined under magnification. It has been used chiefly as a supplementary tool in industrial analysis of metal structures, and even in this field has attained prominence only within the past decade. Its usefulness is limited to fine structures (except where minute flaws or impurities are to be examined in a material), and its success is limited by the degree of clarity in the radiograph to be magnified.

Calibration Of An X-Ray Unit As To Effective Wave-Lengths By Comparing Absorption Coefficients, Jerome James Woyci

Bachelors’ Theses

The purpose of this paper is to determine by the mass absorption coefficients of various substances, namely, aluminum, copper and iron, the effective wave-length of an X-ray beam which passes through particular thicknesses of the above materials. Since an X-ray tube does not emit a monochromatic wavelength but emits heterogeneous wave-lengths, we had to use a comparative method in order to obtain the desired results. It happens that the mass coefficient of absorption of carbon does not vary appreciably with an increase or decrease in wavelength, hence, we can use carbon as our standard or material to which we can …

Design Construction And Use Of A Device To Demonstrate Motion In Two Dimensions, Robert R. Karnopp

Bachelors’ Theses

The production of visual materials is an interesting and challenging field for many teachers. This is a type of activity which has possibilities for teacher improvement, and which, at the same time, involves the production of instructional materials that are timely.

An Investigation Of The Charge Acquired By A Metal Plate When Irradiated By X-Rays, Bernard Keith Betz

Bachelors’ Theses

The Photo-electric effect upon metals irradiated by X-rays can, under certain circumstances be completely concealed by some other phenomenon, unless certain precautions are made. It is the purpose of this paper to discuss the properties of this phenomenon.

Disintegration Of Te121 And Te123 Isomers, Robert Katz, R. D. Hill, M. Goldhaber

Robert Katz Publications

Line intensities in the conversion electron spectra of Te¹²¹ and Te¹²³ were evaluated in a variable field, 180° focusing beta-ray spectrograph. Electron-electron coincidences were obtained between the transition pairs 82-213 kev in Te¹²¹ and 88.5-159 kev in Te¹²³. Decay schemes for the two isomers are shown.

The Energy Levels Of Potassium Chloride, Clifford L. Adams

Masters Theses

"An understanding of the electronic energy states of solids has long been considered of importance. And the energy levels of the alkali halides have been the subject of much study in recent years. The present work is an attempt to set up an energy-level diagram for potassium chloride"--Introduction, page 1.

The Theory Of The Specific Heat Of A Body Centered Cubic Lattice, Curtis Cleveland Webster

Masters Theses

"In normal crystalline solids the atoms are at rest in their lattice points at absolute zero of temperature. Increasing the temperature of the crystal increases the motion of the atoms about their lattice points. Approximately, each atom or ion may be treated as a harmonic oscillator. then from the equations of motion of the atoms, by the Born-von Karman theory of specific heats, the normal modes of vibration of the lattice can be expressed as the roots of a secular determinant. Application of this theory to determine the thermodynamic properties of crystals has resulted either in solutions that are inaccurate …

The Theory Of The Specific Heat Of A Face-Centered Cubic Lattice, Charles Robert Bonnell

Masters Theses

"It is generally accepted that a normal crystalline solid can be pictured at absolute zero as an assembly of atoms at rest arranged at periodic lattice points. Since at higher temperatures each molecule becomes a harmonic oscillator about its lattice point, it is necessary to know the distribution of normal modes of vibration in order to calculate the thermodynamic properties of the lattice...Many approaches have been made to get a simple solution of the problem, but either accuracy is sacrificed for simplicity, or the solutions demand a very considerable amount of labor. The classical theories failed to explain the change …

Intermolecular Potential Functions For Liquid Argon And Liquid Mercury, Richard H. Kerr

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this research is to obtain such intermolecular potential functions for liquid argon and liquid mercury by use of the experimental radial density functions available for these two liquids over a wide range of temperatures. We shall introduce the notion of a correlation between the motions of atoms in neighboring cells in a cell theory of liquid structure, and derive a theoretical radial density function involving the intermolecular potential function for a pair of atoms in the liquid. This radial density function, or as it is frequently termed, the atomic distribution function, applied to the experimental data should …

A Determination Of The Surface Tension Of Bismuth, Cadmium, Tin, And Lead, Edward Mckee Chandler

Masters Theses

"Various methods have been employed for the determination of surface tension including capillary rise, drop weight, maximum bubble pressure, sessile drops on flat surfaces, sessile bubbles formed underneath flat surfaces, and the shape of pendent drops. Each method is subject to characteristic advantages and disadvantages. Only two of these will be discussed. The method of maximum bubble pressure allows the formation of a fresh surface for every bubble but does not permit the study of a given sample over a period of time. The sessile drop in direct contrast, allows the observation of the same sample over any period of …

A Grazing Incidence Vacuum Grating Spectrograph For Far Ultra Violet Spectroscopy, Lawrey Huber Chapin

Masters Theses

"Spectroscopy, in the region of the far ultraviolet from 100 Angstroms to 1000 Angstroms, requires special equipment and techniques, inasmuch as these wavelengths are highly absorbed by air. Many gases have resonant frequencies corresponding to the wavelengths mentioned and hence absorption bands appear in the spectrograms obtained by using spectrographs for the visible region. One solution of the problem of obtaining data in this region is to construct a spectrograph from which all intervening gas molecules have been removed, thus eliminating the absorbing material. A vacuum of 10⁻⁴ mm. of mercury is necessary to reduce the absorption to a value …

The Reflection Coefficient At The Truncated Corner Of A Rectangular Wave Guide, John Raymond Barcroft

Masters Theses

"The term wave guide refers to a hollow conducting tube (usually of rectangular or circular cross section) filled with a dielectric (or vacuum) and used for the transmission of electromagnetic waves. We shall consider the guide to be bounded by a perfect conductor and to be filled with a lossless homogeneous isotropic dielectric (or vacuum). The electromagnetic wave in the guide must of course satisfy Maxwell's equation. It must also satisfy the boundary condition that there be no tangential component of electric field at the surface of the conductor. If the electromagnetic waves traveling along the guide meet a discontinuity …

A Study Of Atmospheric Ozone Near The Surface Of The Earth, Irby Gerald Bowen

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

It is the primary purpose of this thesis to describe the method used for measuring ozone at the earth’s surface. There is also a report on a brief series of surface ozone measurements. An attempt is made at a preliminary explanation on the basis of meteorological conditions of the diurnal variations which were found.

A New Method Of Measuring The Intensity Of The Zodiacal Light, Raymond Grenchik

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

The two theories that have been presented for the zodiacal light show that it is due to light scattered (and perhaps emitted) from an extensive lenticular cloud of particles lying in the plane of the ecliptic. The basic difference of the two theories is the position of the center of this cloud. One, the planetary theory, places the sun at the center of this cloud. The other, the atmospheric theory, places the earth at the center of the cloud.

A Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Absorption Experiment, Richard Runge

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

In nuclear magnetic resonance absorption work, the detection of the absorption of energy by protons situated in a steady strong magnetic field and subject to a weak radiofrequency (RF) magnetic field is attempted. The protons are present in a sample placed inside an RF coil. A radiofrequency current, present in this coil, produces a rapidly oscillating magnetic field which is capable of supplying energy to the system of protons in the steady strong magnetic field. This absorption of energy by the protons alters their relative numerical distribution among the energy levels available to them.