Physics Commons^™

Directional Microwave Emission From Femtosecond-Laser Illuminated Linear Arrays Of Superconducting Rings, Thomas J. Bullard, Kyle Frische, Charlie Ebbing, Stephen J. Hageman, John Morrison, John Bulmer, Enam A. Chowdury, Michael L. Dexter, Timothy J. Haugan, Anil K. Patniak

Faculty Publications

We examine the electromagnetic emission from two photo-illuminated linear arrays composed of inductively charged superconducting ring elements. The arrays are illuminated by an ultrafast infrared laser that triggers microwave broadband emission detected in the 1–26 GHz range. Based on constructive interference from the arrays a narrowing of the forward radiation lobe is observed with increasing element count and frequency demonstrating directed GHz emission. Results suggest that higher frequencies and a larger number of elements are achievable leading to a unique pulsed array emitter concept that can span frequencies from the microwave to the terahertz (THz) regime.

Raman Spectroscopic Analysis Of Human Serum Samples Of Convalescing Covid-19 Positive Patients, Hugh Byrne, Naomi Jackson, Jaythoon Hassan

Articles

Rapid screening, detection and monitoring of viral infection is of critical importance, as exemplified by the rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2, leading to the worldwide pandemic of COVID-19. This is equally the case for the stages of patient convalescence as for the initial stages of infection, to understand the medium and long terms effects, as well as the efficacy of therapeutic interventions. Optical spectroscopic techniques potentially offer an alternative to currently employed techniques of screening for the presence, or the response to infection. In this study, the ability of Raman spectroscopy to distinguish between samples of the serum of convalescent COVID-19 …

Perovskite Cspbbr3 Solar Cells With Novel Hole-Transporting Layer Of Metal Complexes, Liqiu Zheng, Evynn S. Jackson, Ny'kesha S. Warren, Robert Owor, Zhongrui Li

Georgia Journal of Science

For the first time, the novel application of Schiff-base copper complexes in all-inorganic perovskite CsBrBr₃ solar cells has been explored and turns out they could be utilized as effective hole-transporting materials. Schiff-base copper complexes with halogen ligands (R=Cl and Br) are synthesized with an ease approach at a low cost, both of which exhibit decent power conversion efficiency of 4.55% and 5.71%, respectively, when being constructed into solar devices as hole transport layers. Thanks to high thermal/chemical stability of those Schiff-base metal complexes, the strengthened stability was achieved which is comparable to that of carbon-based CsBrBr₃ solar cells. …

Search For Exotic Higgs Boson Decay To Multiple B-Quarks With The Atlas Detector At Lhc Using Machine Learning Methods, Yuan-Tang Chou

Doctoral Dissertations

The discovery of the Higgs boson has opened up new possibilities for investigating physics beyond the Standard Model (SM). New particles may interact with the SM through the Higgs boson, and deviations from SM predictions can indicate the presence of new physics. This dissertation focuses on the search for exotic Higgs decay, $H\rightarrow aa \rightarrow (b\bbar)(b\bbar)$ where a is a new scalar boson and focuses on the case where the Higgs boson is produced in association with a Z boson. The data were collected by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s} =~13~\TeV$ from 2015 …

Experiments With Monopoles, Rings And Knots In Spinor Bose-Einstein Condensates, Alina A. Blinova

Doctoral Dissertations

Topological excitations are ubiquitous in nature, their charge being a naturally-quantized, conserved quantity that can exhibit particle-like behavior. Spinor Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) are an exceptionally versatile system for the study and exploration of topological excitations. Between the spin-1 and spin-2 ⁸⁷Rb condensates there are seven possible broken-symmetry magnetic phases, with each one hosting unique opportunities for topological defects. We have created and observed several novel topological excitations in a spinor ⁸⁷Rb BEC. In this dissertation I present and discuss three principal experimental findings: (1) The discovery of an Alice ring, or a half-quantum vortex ring, emerging from a …

Tev-Scale Lepton Number Violation: 0Νββ Decay, The Origin Of Matter, And Energy Frontier Probes, Sebastian Urrutia Quiroga

Doctoral Dissertations

Lepton number violation (LNV) offers promising theoretical pathways to several unresolved problems in particle and nuclear physics and unveils a diverse range of phenomenology across different energy scales. TeV-scale LNV is especially relevant for both its experimental accessibility and its broad-ranging impact, making it a key area of interest for both theoretical and experimental physicists. In this thesis, we explore three distinct scenarios within the LNV research landscape. Our first analysis concerns the implications of TeV-scale LNV effects in thermal leptogenesis and its complementary sensitivity in neutrinoless double beta (0νββ) decay and collider experiments. We employed a simplified model to …

Thermal Conductivity And Mechanical Properties Of Interlayer-Bonded Graphene Bilayers, Afnan Mostafa

Masters Theses

Graphene, an allotrope of carbon, has demonstrated exceptional mechanical, thermal, electronic, and optical properties. Complementary to such innate properties, structural modification through chemical functionalization or defect engineering can significantly enhance the properties and functionality of graphene and its derivatives. Hence, understanding structure-property relationships in graphene-based metamaterials has garnered much attention in recent years. In this thesis, we present molecular dynamics studies aimed at elucidating structure-property relationships that govern the thermomechanical response of interlayer-bonded graphene bilayers.

First, we present a systematic and thorough analysis of thermal transport in interlayer-bonded twisted bilayer graphene (IB-TBG). We find that the introduction of interlayer C-C …

The Fate Of The Crossbridge After Phosphate Rebinding: Implications For Fatigue, Christopher P. Marang

Doctoral Dissertations

In response to repeated intense contractile activity, a muscle’s ability to generate force decreases due to the created state of muscular fatigue. This compromised force production state is dependent on changes within the microenvironment of muscle thought to alter the function of the force generating, contractile protein myosin. For example, phosphate (P_i), elevated during fatigue, has been suggested to alter how myosin generates force. However, the effects of P_i are not straightforward, as muscle fiber data suggest that P_i's interaction with myosin may be force-dependent. In particular, P_i has no effect on maximal shortening …

Wide Range Thin-Film Ceramic Metal-Alloy Thermometers With Low Magnetoresistance, Nathanael Fortune, Joyce E. Palmer-Fortune, A. Trainer, A. Bangura, N. Kondedan, A. Rydh

Physics: Faculty Publications

Many thermal measurements in high magnetic fields require thermometers that are sensitive over a wide temperature range, are low mass, have a rapid thermal response, and have a minimal, easily correctable magnetoresistance. Here we report the development of a new granular-metal oxide ceramic composite (cermet) for this purpose formed by co-sputtering of the metallic alloy nichrome Ni0.8Cr0.2 and the insulator silcon dioxide SiO2. The resulting thin films are sensitive enough to be used from room temperature down to below 100 mK in magnetic fields up to at least 35 tesla.

Modeling Single And Multiple Pacemaker Interaction In Jellyfish Locomotion, Alexander Hoover

Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research

No abstract provided.

Langevin Dynamic Models For Smfret Dynamic Shift, David Frost, Keisha Cook Dr, Hugo Sanabria Dr

Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research

No abstract provided.

Probing The Electroweak Phase Transition With Exotic Higgs Decays, Marcela Carena, Jonathan Kozaczuk, Zhen Liu, Tong Ou, Michael J. Ramsey-Musolf, Jessie Shelton, Yikun Wang, Ke-Pan Xie

Faculty Publications, Department of Physics and Astronomy

An essential goal of the Higgs physics program at the LHC and beyond is to explore the nature of the Higgs potential and shed light on the mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking. An important class of models alter the thermal history of electroweak symmetry breaking from the predictions of the Standard Model (SM). This paper reviews the existence of a region of parameter space where a strong first-order electroweak phase transition is compatible with exotic decays of the SM-like Higgs boson. A dedicated search for exotic Higgs decays can actively explore this framework at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), while …

Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles-Based Sensing For Monitoring Water Pollution: An Updated Review, Muhamad Allan Serunting, Muhammad Ali Zulfikar, Henry Setiyanto, Dian Ayu Setyorini, Vienna Saraswaty

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Water is a basic human need and has been heavily contaminated. Therefore, it becomes a concern to remove the pollutant and monitor its quality. The removal methods include precipitation, filtration, adsorption, and photodegradation. Meanwhile, the monitoring can be done by measuring and analyzing the contaminant using spectrophotometry and chromatography. Nevertheless, those methods usually need a complicated preparation, and are expensive. Thus, a simple method is necessary to overcome these drawbacks by developing a sensor. In recent years, the sensor performance has been enhanced by using nanomaterials, such as silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). AgNPs can be synthesized using plant extracts through a …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Zirconium Oxide Nanoparticles Using Z. Officinale And S. Aromaticum Plant Extracts For Antibacterial Application, M. J. Tuama, M. F. A. Alias

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Abstract The dramatic rise in bacterial infections and increased resistance to conventional antibiotics has led to the exploration of biologically derived nanomaterials to counteract bacterial activity. Nanotechnology, which deals with materials at the atomic or molecular level, is a promising way to achieve this goal. Zirconium oxide nanoparticles (ZrO2NPs) have shown strong antibacterial effects due to the increased surface-to-volume ratio at the nanoscale. This study focused on the production of ZrO2NPs in an environmentally friendly manner, which included extracts from Zingiber officinale (ginger), where G-ZrO2NPs were produced, and Syzygium aromaticum (clove), which produced S-ZrO2NPs. Various techniques were used, such as …

Equilibrium And Quench-Dynamical Studies Of Ultracold Fermions In Ring-Shaped Optical Traps, Daniel Gordon Allman

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

The unique capability to precisely tune the few and many-body configurations of
ultracold Fermi gases provides a multi-dimensional platform for studying novel, ex-
otic aspects of quantum systems. These aspects include superfluid/superconducting
phenomena supported by potentially exotic pairing mechanisms, non-equilibrium and
critical dynamics, and proposed quantum sensing or computing applications based on
atomtronics.
Ring geometries provide natural arenas for probing transport properties of super-
fluids. Metastable states of quantized superfluid flow —persistent currents— exhibit
remarkable properties, and the manner in which they form is an incredibly rich sub-
ject. Studies of quenched superfluids demonstrate that persistent currents can form
from …

Modification Of Chitosan Using Glycidyl Methacrylate-Grafted Cellulose (Gmagcell/ Chi) For Methylene Blue Adsorption, Haya Fathana, Rahmi Rahmi, Muhammad Adlim, Surya Lubis

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

In this study, a glycidyl methacrylate-grafted cellulose/chitosan (GMA-g-Cell/Chi) film was successfully prepared and characterized. GMA-g-Cell was obtained from the grafting process of cellulose derived from sugarcane bagasse using glycidyl methacrylate (GMA). The cellulose grafting process was obtained using 20% GMA for 4 hours at 60oC. The percentage of grafting (PG) and grafting efficiency (GE) values for these parameters were 516 and 60.28%, respectively. Chitosan was modified with GMA-g-Cell and has higher adsorption capacity and tensile strength than chitosan. The adsorption kinetics tend to follow the pseudo-first-order adsorption kinetics model, with Qe and k1 being 7 mg/g and 0.067 g/mg. minute. …

Seeing The Invisible: Projects On Flow Imaging From The Fluid Mechanics Lab, Keith Stein

Day of Scholarship

Shadowgraph and schlieren imaging are popular flow visualization techniques because, despite the straightforward setup and reliance on very simple geometrical optics principles, they provide powerful methods for capturing high-quality images of what would otherwise be invisible flow phenomena. Application of these methods along with high-speed video recording can reveal detailed pictures of fast flow events that may last for just a fraction of a millisecond. These techniques are being utilized in the Bethel Fluid Mechanics lab course (PHY423/ENR423) and in a number of student-faculty research projects. We present snapshots of a few recent student-faculty projects utilizing shadowgraph and schlieren imaging.

Search For Pair Production Of Vector-Like Quarks In Cms Run 2 Data, Julie Hogan

Day of Scholarship

The Compact Muon Solenoid experiment (CMS) at the CERN Large Hadron Collider records proton-proton collision data in order to study the particles and forces that exist in very high energy conditions. The 2012 discovery of the Higgs boson was a triumph for the field of particle physics, but pointed toward the probably existence of unknown high-mass particles. Vector-like quarks (VLQs) are a possible type of high-mass fermions, and their decays to lighter particles create exciting detector signatures. This search utilizes deep machine learning to both identify decay products of VLQs in the detector and to separate potential signal events from …

Creation And Development Of A Next Generation Simulation Model For Spacecraft Charging, Brian P. Beecken

Day of Scholarship

Spacecraft, particularly satellites, endure the bombardment of high-energy electrons. These electrons charge up the insulators on the spacecraft. Eventually, the charge commonaly can exceed 100,000 volts. The result is an electrostatic discharge which will potentially cripple the spacecraft. A computer simulation model has been developed that will predict if and when the discharge will occur.

Particle Discovery Lab For Education & Outreach, Julie Hogan

Day of Scholarship

The Compact Muon Solenoid experiment (CMS) at the CERN Large Hadron Collider records proton-proton collision data in order to study the particles and forces that exist in very high energy conditions. CMS releases data to the public after several years of internal analysis. This data has a rich history of use for middle school or high school education, but is not widely used by college students in the US. Bethel students and I have built an intermediate-level undergraduate lab experience in which students reinforce physics learning objectives and learn statistical data analysis skills while "discovering" a particle. A short form …