Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Commons^™

A Needs Assessment Of Extension Staff To Implement Inclusive Programming For Adults With Intellectual/Developmental Disabilities, E. Andrew Pitchford, Christine Hradek, Jody Gatewood, Debra M. Sellers

Journal of Extension

This study is a needs assessment of Extension staff in the state of Iowa to implement inclusive programming for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). Electronic surveys were completed by Extension staff on their attitudes and beliefs toward people with IDD, inclusive programming, and training needs. Results showed that Extension staff had positive views, but that staff reporting personal experience with people with IDD had more positive attitudes and beliefs (p

Childhood Food Insecurity As It Relates To Adult Intuitive Eating Patterns, Lily Langley

Honors Theses

Many American families struggle with food insecurity and do not have the economic capabilities to obtain a sufficient quantity of nutritious food. Childhood food insecurity is associated with negative health effects and altered relationships with food as an adult. Intuitive eating, a non-diet framework that emphasizes mindful eating, may attenuate these effects. It includes unconditional permission to eat, eating for physical rather than emotional reasons, reliance on hunger and satiety cues, and body-food choice congruence. Previous research has not examined whether childhood food insecurity can affect one’s ability to eat intuitively as an adult. The goal of this study was …

Effects Of Improved Amino Acid Balance Diet On Lysine Mammary Utilization, Whole Body Protein Turnover And Muscle Protein Breakdown On Lactating Sows, Sai Zhang, Juan C Marini, Vengai Mavangira, Andrew Claude, Julie Moore, Mahmoud A Mohammad, Nathalie L Trottier

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Background: The study objective was to test the hypothesis that low crude protein (CP) diet with crystalline amino acids (CAA) supplementation improves Lys utilization efficiency for milk production and reduces protein turnover and muscle protein breakdown. Eighteen lactating multiparous Yorkshire sows were allotted to 1 of 2 isocaloric diets (10.80 MJ/kg net energy): control (CON; 19.24% CP) and reduced CP with "optimal" AA profile (OPT; 14.00% CP). Sow body weight and backfat were recorded on d 1 and 21 of lactation and piglets were weighed on d 1, 14, 18, and 21 of lactation. Between d 14 and 18, a …

Relationship Between Gut Microbiota And Dementia, Saad Ahmed, Zack Harris, Russell David Levi

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

This paper explores the complex relationship between gut microbiota, dietary habits, and dementia, focusing particularly on Alzheimer's disease (AD). Growing evidence suggests a significant link between the composition of gut bacteria, dietary choices, and susceptibility to dementia. Notably, individuals with dementia demonstrate a noticeable reduction in gut bacteria diversity, highlighting the crucial role of a balanced microbiome in maintaining cognitive health. Conversely, dietary preferences characterized by excessive consumption of processed foods and sugars are associated with an increased risk of dementia, emphasizing the critical influence of diet on shaping gut microbiota and subsequent neurocognitive outcomes. Importantly, dietary interventions featuring a …

The Impact Of Stress During Adolescence And The Prevalence Of Pediatric Obesity, Olatunbosun Olakunri, Venkat Venkataraman

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Obesity is a chronic condition that can be attributed to myriad factors including socioeconomic status, biological risk factors, and various environmental factors. These factors can be considered stress factors, and exposure to various levels of stress can impact the development of stress within the pediatric patients. The purpose of this study is to assess the association between the environmental, mental, social, physical, and psychological stress adolescents are exposed to and how they contribute to the prevalence of pediatric obesity throughout the United States. Understanding these risk factors can help us as a community and most importantly as clinicians develop better …

The Effect Of Medically Tailored Meal Program Length On Malnutrition Risk, Kaitlyn Ann Bartholomew, Jule Anne Henstenburg, Adrian Glass Crafford

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Introduction: The Metropolitan Area Neighborhood Nutrition Alliance (MANNA) provides medically tailored meals (MTMs) to individuals in the Philadelphia area with nutritional risk and chronic illness (cancers, renal disease, heart disease, diabetes, HIV/AIDS). Registered dietitians prescribe 3 or 6 months of MTMs depending on risk severity. This study investigates the impact of MTM prescription length on malnutrition risk.

Methods: Demographic, health, and program enrollment data for clients who received ≥2 months of MTMs and completed the intake and follow-up Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST) from 2020-2022 were extracted from client records and entered in REDCap. Paired t-tests and chi-square tests were used …

A Brief Overview Of Food Insecurity In Southern New Jersey, Lisa Ting Huang, Krisha Darji, Jariatou Diallo, Amin Abdul Khan

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Atlantic County, located off the Jersey Shore, faces the highest level of food insecurity in New Jersey, with a rate of 11.2% as of 2021, surpassing the state's overall rate of 8.8%. This situation contributes to health issues such as hypertension, diabetes, and heart disease.

The objective of this research is to understand and address the persistence of food insecurity in Atlantic County. Community stakeholders and local physicians were interviewed to identify barriers and disparities contributing to food insecurity.

Methods included a literature review using keywords like "food insecurity" and "southern New Jersey". Proposed interventions suggest collaboration with health centers …

Vitamin K1 Intake Is Associated With Lower Risk For All-Cause And Cardiovascular Disease Mortality In Community-Dwelling Older Australian Women, Montana Dupuy, Simone Radavelli-Bagatini, Liezhou Zhong, Jack Dalla Via, Kun Zhu, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Nicola P. Bondonno, Allan Linneberg, Jaime W. Bellinge, Carl Schultz, William Courtney, Richard L. Prince, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Joshua R. Lewis, Marc Sim

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background and aims: Assessing the relationship between vitamin K1 intakes, using region-specific food databases, with both all-cause, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality warrants further investigation to inform future preventative strategies. Consequently, we examined the aforementioned associations in the Perth Longitudinal Study of Ageing Women (PLSAW). Methods and results: 1436 community-dwelling older Australian women (mean ± SD age 75.2 ± 2.7 years) completed a validated food frequency questionnaire at baseline (1998). Vitamin K1 intake was calculated based on an Australian vitamin K food database, supplemented with published data. All-cause and CVD mortality data was obtained from linked health records. Associations were …

Magnetic Three-Dimensional Graphene: A Superior Absorbent For Selective And Sensitive Determination Of Nitrite In Water Samples By Ion-Pair Based-Surfactant-Assisted Solid-Phase Extraction Combined With Spectrophotometry, Mina Vasheghani Farahani, Sajad Karami, Hassan Sereshti, Shokouh Mahpishanian, Somayeh Koupaei Malek, Shahabaldin Rezania

Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science Student Research

A straightforward, fast and efficient analytical method was developed which utilizes a magnetic composite called three-dimensional graphene (3D-G@Fe₃O₄) as an adsorbent to recover nitrite ions (NO₂^–) from environmental water samples. The investigation into the synthesized adsorbent contained an examination of its morphology, chemical composition, structural attributes, and magnetic properties. This comprehensive analysis was conducted using various instrumental techniques, including Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The adsorbent surface was activated by adding cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) to the …

The Psychological And Physical Effects Of Childhood Obesity Into Adulthood, Ashley Urbom

Undergraduate Honors Theses

The purpose of this review is to assess how adults who were obese as children are affected psychologically and physically. Understanding childhood obesity has become an important topic in the last few decades, especially in the United States. This research seeks to examine the previous literature and its gaps in making conclusions about how the diagnosis of childhood obesity affects children not only at the time of diagnosis but into adulthood as well. Articles for review sourced from PubMed and PsychInfo and were available via the University of Northern Colorado libraries. Numerous sources were found, and several had varying results. …

May 2024, Swosu Bulldog Wellness Committee

SWOSU BULLDOG WELLNESS

May is Mental Health Awareness Month

• 1 in 5 U.S. adults experience a mental health condition each year.
• You are not alone on your mental health journey.
• Mental illness affects more than 50 million people in the U.S.

Assessing Health Implications Of Monarch Butterfly Populations And Behaviors, Kira Goldman, Kelsey E. Fisher Dr.

Honors Scholar Theses

Pollinator populations have seen massive declines over the past decade due to anthropogenic activity and climate change posing serious threats to the health of humans and ecosystems (Ulyshen & Horn, 2023). As agents responsible for the production of about 35% of micronutrient rich food crops necessary for adequate nutrition to lead healthful lives and prevent nutrition associated diseases, pollinator decline is a public health concern (Aizen et al., 2009). Monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus) serve as bio indicators for the health of pollinator populations because of their analogous habitat and food resources shared with many other pollinator species, including bees and …

The Effect Of Using A Meal Tracking Smartphone Application In Overweight And Obese Adolescents With Prediabetes Or Type 2 Diabetes To Improve Bmi And Hba1c, Lauren Torhorst

Evidence-Based Practice Project Reports

Obesity has become one of the most common chronic pediatric illnesses worldwide and is closely linked to the onset of prediabetes and subsequent Type 2 Diabetes (T2D); therefore, preventing and treating childhood obesity has become a high priority (Hampl et al., 2023). The purpose of this Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) project is to lower Glycosylated Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C) and Body Mass Index (BMI) in overweight and obese youth with prediabetes and T2D using a meal tracking smartphone application. The Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice Model (JHNEBP) was utilized to pilot this project between two pediatric endocrinology offices located in Southeast Wisconsin. …

Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Prevalence Is High In Children With Gastroparesis And Functional Dyspepsia, Isha Kaul, Helen Burton-Murray, Salma Musaad, Yiming Mirabile, Danita Czyzewski, Miranda A L Van Tilburg, Andrew C Sher, Bruno P Chumpitazi, Robert J Shulman

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

BACKGROUND: Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) prevalence in children with gastroparesis (Gp) and/or functional dyspepsia (FD) is unknown. We aimed to identify ARFID prevalence and trajectory over 2 months in children with Gp, FD, and healthy children (HC) using two screening questionnaires. We also explored the frequency of a positive ARFID screen between those with/without delayed gastric emptying or abnormal fundic accommodation.

METHODS: In this prospective longitudinal study conducted at an urban tertiary care hospital, patients ages 10-17 years with Gp or FD and age- and gender-matched HC completed two validated ARFID screening tools at baseline and 2-month follow-up: the …

University Students’ Perspectives Of Public High School Nutrition Education And Current Dietary Habits, Selena Gomez

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

Background: Understanding the roles of food and nutrition during adolescence is critical, given they support physical growth and prevent, manage, and treat chronic disease as adolescents reach adulthood. Food and nutrition education interventions in schools may modify adolescent eating patterns and encourage the selection of healthier options among adolescents. Students attending public schools in the U.S. receive less than eight hours of nutrition education each year and high school students receive an average of seven hours. The purpose of this study was to investigate the perspectives, exposures, and attitudes towards nutrition education and dietary habits during and after public high …

Factors Affecting The Use Of Food Pantries By California State University Students, Beyza Aktepe

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

Food insecurity is one of the major public health issues world-wide including the United States. A significant proportion of students within the California State University (CSU) system, approximately 41.6%, experience food insecurity. The purposes of this study was 1) to determine the factors and barriers that affect the use of campus food pantries by university students on seven CSU campuses, 2) to determine the improvements that can be implemented in the on-campus food pantries, 3) to evaluate the effectiveness of the management of food pantries, and 4) to evaluate the effectiveness and utilization of nutrition education services provided in conjunction …

S-Methyl Cysteine Sulfoxide Does Not Ameliorate Weight Gain Or Hyperlipidemia In Mice Fed A High-Fat Diet, Caroline R. Hill, Armaghan Shafaei, Vance B. Matthews, Natalie C. Ward, Kevin D. Croft, Joshua R. Lewis, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Lois Balmer, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Scope: Higher intake of cruciferous and allium vegetables is associated with lower cardiometabolic risk. Little research has investigated the cardiometabolic effects of S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide (SMCSO), found abundant in these vegetables. This study hypothesizes that SMCSO will blunt development of metabolic syndrome features in mice fed high-fat feed. Methods and results: Fifty C57BL/6 male mice are randomly assigned to standard-chow, high-fat, or high-fat supplemented with low-SMCSO (43 mg kg−1 body weight [BW] day−1), medium-SMCSO (153 mg kg−1 BW day−1), or high-SMCSO (256 mg kg−1 BW day−1) for 12-weeks. High-fat with SMCSO did not prevent diet-induced obesity, glucose intolerance, or hypercholesterolemia. …

Rare Case Of Open Comminuted Scaphoid Fracture Dislocation: Treatment With Free Bone Graft And Locking Plate, Makoto Fukuda, Masahiro Miyashita, Masataka Yasuda

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

To the best of our knowledge, there are no reports in the literature of an open comminuted scaphoid fracture dislocation. We present such a rare case. The case report illustrates the case of a 58-year-old right-handed press operator who injured his left wrist when his hand got caught in a press machine. He received initial treatment at another hospital and was subsequently referred to our hospital. Eight days after the injury, surgery was performed under the brachial plexus block. Successful bone fusion was achieved through volar locking plate fixation, primary free bone grafting from the radius, and Kirschner wire fixation. …

The Greater Implications Of Self-Perceptions Of Aging Among Younger Adults: Results From The Socially Nutritious Volunteer Training Program, Ashlyn Cobble

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The rapidly growing rate of the older adult population has created a need to better understand younger adults’ self-perceptions of aging and current trends of ageism. The purpose of this secondary data analysis research project was to determine changes, if any, in participants’ self-perception of aging after the Socially Nutritious facilitator or nutrition ambassador volunteer training, which aims to develop knowledge and skills related to aging trends, older adult nutrition, preventing ageism, and communication and educational considerations when working with older adults. Findings indicate that participants with more frequent interactions with older adults had a more positive perception of their …

Mexican Cookbook For People On Dialysis Treatment, Abigail Guadalupe Ellenich

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

Dialysis is a treatment for patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) with nonfunctioning kidneys. Managing nutrition during dialysis is crucial for improving patients’ quality of life and involves moderate consumption of protein, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, sodium, and fluids. The objective of this project was to develop a cookbook that used traditional recipes from Mexican culture and modify the ingredients to meet the unique dietary needs of persons receiving dialysis. A qualitative assessment was performed to ensure that traditional flavors were retained. The recipes were obtained from various internet sources and ingredients were modified to meet and ensure compliance with the …

Changes In Young Adults’ Perspective On Ageism After Participating In A Virtual Nutrition Education Program With Older Adults, Julianne Hensley

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The growing older adult population has led to increased ageist tendencies among younger generations. Previous research suggests that ageism is associated with cognitive and physical decline among older adults. This mixed-methods research project examined changes in ageist perceptions among graduate student facilitators and undergraduate nutrition ambassadors after participating in a training that included information about healthy aging, addressing ageism, and communicating with older adults. Results from a secondary data analysis of pre-test/post-test data and thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with facilitators of Socially Nutritious, a virtual nutrition education program for older adults, indicate that ageist perceptions decreased after the …

Relationship Between Food Security, Nutrition Security, And Diabetes: The Role Of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Participation, Maha Almohamad, Jayna M Dave, Eric E Calloway, Ruosha Li, Shreela Sharma

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Inadequate nutrition and poor diet quality are associated with a heightened risk of diabetes. The connection between food insecurity measures and diabetes has been established, with evidence indicating that Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participation contributes to reductions in food insecurity. Recently developed nutrition security measures, defined as the ability to acquire healthful foods to prevent diseases, and their association with diabetes and SNAP participation are not yet understood.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the relationship between food security and nutrition security in relation to diabetes overall and by SNAP participation and nutrition security as potential modifiers.

METHODS: …

Assessing Impact Of Food Structure On Oral Tribology And In-Vitro Digestion Of Dairy Products, Lamis Ali

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

In this research, we focused on understanding the critical elements impacting consumer experience and the nutritional value of dairy products, specifically their texture, mouthfeel, and protein breakdown in the gastrointestinal tract. Our study aimed to accomplish two main goals. First, we performed analysis of the tribological attributes of various commercially dairy products. The second objective was to investigate the process of disintegration and protein release in selected dairy products.

The study included an assessment of eight dairy products of varied consistencies: solid like cheddar, cheese curd, and parmesan; semi-solid such as cottage cheese, ricotta cheese, and yogurt; and liquid represented …

Impact Of Sustained Calorie Restriction And Weight Cycling On Body Composition In High-Fat Diet-Fed Male And Female C57bl/6j Mice, Daniel L Smith, Yongbin Yang, Luis M Mestre, Beate Henschel, Erik Parker, Stephanie Dickinson, Amit Patki, David B Allison, Tim R Nagy

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate body composition changes with weight cycling (WC) among adult C57BL/6J mice with diet-induced obesity.

Methods: A total of 555 single-housed mice were fed a high-fat diet ad libitum (AL) from 8 to 43 weeks of age. The 200 heaviest mice of each sex were randomized to the following four groups: ever obese (EO, continued AL feeding); obese weight loser (OWL, calorie-restricted); obese weight loser moderate (OWLM, body weight halfway between EO and OWL); and WC (diet restricted to OWL followed by AL refeeding cycles). Body weight and composition data were collected. …

Prevalence Of Distal Symmetrical Polyneuropathy By Diabetes Prevention Program Treatment Group, Diabetes Status, Duration Of Diabetes, And Cumulative Glycemic Exposure, Christine G Lee, Adam Ciarleglio, Sharon L Edelstein, Jill P Crandall, Dana Dabelea, Ronald B Goldberg, Steven E Kahn, William C Knowler, Maxwell T Ma, Neil H White, William H Herman, Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Objective: To assess associations between distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DSPN) and Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) treatment groups, diabetes status or duration, and cumulative glycemic exposure approximately 21 years after DPP randomization.

Research design and methods: In the DPP, 3,234 adults ≥25 years old at high risk for diabetes were randomized to an intensive lifestyle (ILS), metformin, or placebo intervention to prevent diabetes. After the DPP ended, 2,779 joined the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study (DPPOS). Open-label metformin was continued, placebo was discontinued, ILS was provided in the form of semiannual group-based classes, and all participants were offered quarterly lifestyle classes. Symptoms …

Exploration Of Resources Women Use To Seek Food And Nutrition Information During Pregnancy, Sydni Hebert

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

Nutrition is a common concern during pregnancy, yet women often do not meet the recommended nutrient intakes for a healthy pregnancy. Obtaining reliable food and nutrition information is challenging during pregnancy, and women do not know where to find credible information. AIMS: This study aims to investigate the food and nutrition information-seeking behaviors among low-income pregnant women experiencing their first pregnancy and compare these behaviors with pregnant women who are classified as middle and higher-income status. METHODS: A qualitative survey was developed to identify the type of information women seek, satisfaction with information, application of information to their diet choices, …

Barriers Faced By Members Of Marginalized Communities When It Comes To Eating Healthy And Cultural Adaptations To Nutrition Education Materials, Kennedy Larsen

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Background: In the United States, major health disparities exist among low socioeconomic status (SES) and other marginalized communities. Many of these health disparities are nutrition-related and include diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. Many individuals in this population lack education regarding nutrition, increasing risk of disease and the detrimental impacts that these diseases can have.

Objective: The aim of this project was to identify barriers that members of low SES and marginalized communities face and adapt nutrition education materials to be culturally appropriate for the immigrant and refugee population in the Northern Colorado area.

Methods: I conducted a needs assessment with …

Suspected Thiamine Deficiency Secondary To Chronic Gastrointestinal Illness: A Case Report, Abigail L. Meckley, Natalie Lagattuta, Elise Gonzalez, Chamonix Kinimaka, Jessica El-Bahri

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Introduction

Thiamine deficiency, also known as beriberi, is a nutritional disorder caused by a lack of thiamine (vitamin B₁) in the diet. It can occur in 2 forms: dry beriberi, which affects the nervous system, and wet beriberi, which affects the cardiovascular system. Gastrointestinal beriberi is a subtype that affects the digestive system and can lead to multisystem involvement. In the United States (US), thiamine deficiency often arises from chronic malnutrition secondary to alcoholism, known as Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome.

Case Presentation

A 45-year-old female with no known past medical history or alcohol use disorder came to the emergency department …

Most Common Symptoms Of Prediabetic And Insulin Resistance In Adults In Saudi Arabia, Hassan Mazzhar Bukhari, Fatoon Mohammed Albuqami, Alanoud Mohammed Asiri, Ghadeer Othman Yatim, Jomana Abdullah Alshareef, Ruba Saeed Alzahrani

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: The prediabetic stage exhibits common symptoms; hence, the risk of developing diabetes can be reduced by identifying these symptoms in the most affected population. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of the main symptoms of insulin resistance in healthy adults aged 18 years and above.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,514 Saudi adults using an online questionnaire collected from 13th November 2020 to 23rd March 2021. Data on personal, lifestyle, and common symptoms were gathered, and the main symptoms were presented as frequencies with percentages. Association with insulin resistance was evaluated using the Chi-square …

What Is The Additive Value Of Nutritional Deficiency To Va-Fi In The Risk Assessment For Heart Failure Patients?, Seulgi Erica Kim, Mehrnaz Azarian, Aanand D Naik, Catherine Park, Molly J Horstman, Salim S Virani, Orna Intrator, Christopher I Amos, Ariela Orkaby, Javad Razjouyan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVES: to assess the impact of adding the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) to the U.S. Veterans Health Administration frailty index (VA-FI) for the prediction of time-to-death and other clinical outcomes in Veterans hospitalized with Heart Failure.

METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of veterans hospitalized for heart failure (HF) from October 2015 to October 2018. Veterans ≥50 years with albumin and lymphocyte counts, needed to calculate the PNI, in the year prior to hospitalization were included. We defined malnutrition as PNI ≤43.6, based on the Youden index. VA-FI was calculated from the year prior to the hospitalization and identified three groups: …