Orthodontics and Orthodontology Commons^™

Heat Treatment Of Chrome Cobalt Alloy Orthodontic Wire, Galen M. Fillmore

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Chrome cobalt alloy orthodontic wire may be heat treated to increase spring performance and efficiency. This study was designed to quantify the effects that several heat treatment temperatures have upon the ability of .016" x .022" type 1 chrome cobalt wire to resist permanent deformation. In addition, the changes in resistance to permanent deformation due to heat treatment at 900° F were studied in .018" stainless steel wire and chrome cobalt wire of all four tempers.

When compared to untreated wire, .016" x .022" type 1 chrome cobalt wire exhibited a maximum increase of approximately 174 percent in resistance to …

Cephalometric Norms For The Mexican Population Using The Ricketts, Steinar, And Tweed Analyses, Eduardo A. Velarde

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

In order to investigate the characteristics of the facial complex of the Mexican and to compare them with the Caucasian, a sample of 40 subjects, 31 males and nine females, of Latin American origin from Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico, with a mean age of 16.6 years, were selected for this study. The criteria for selection were visual and only individuals with clinical normal, Angle Class I occlusion were chosen.

Lateral head Roentgenograms were obtained and cephalometric evaluation of the Skeletal and Dental Pattern was carried out using the Ricketts, Steiner, and Tweed Analyses.

The mean values for the Mexican were compared …

A Computerized Roentgenographic Cephalometric Study Of Hydrocephalus, Charles R. Henry Jr.

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A preliminary roentgenographic cephalometric investigation of twelve hydrocephalics has been conducted to consider the effects of increased intracranial pressure and enlarged neural mass on the craniofacial complex.

The Ricketts computerized analysis, utilizing both posterior-anterior and lateral cephalograms, and the Steiner and Tweed analyses, utilizing the lateral cephalogram, were used to compare the hydrocephalic to the norm.

The anterior cranial base was found to be significantly increased in length possibly due to the effects of hydrocephalus. The effects of hydrocephalus on the facial measurements were questionable in view of the fact that the significant findings of: 1) excessive inclination and protrusion …

Effect Of Cortisone On The Periodontal Ligament Of The Maxillary Rat Incisor, Donald Ralph Dematteis

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

The Theoretical Distribution Of Forces In The Rigid Component Of The Buccal Arch Positioner, Dennis H. Teruya

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The distribution of an applied force to the rigid component of the Buccal Arch Positioner was determined with a theoretically formulated model. The rigid component was assumed to be a free body without the semi-rigid attachments and was evaluated at four points for the force distribution. The summation of the forces and the moments were equated to zero and were utilized to derive equations to solve for the unknown forces. The unknown forces at each point of the rigid component were solved for in terms of the given force applications.

A laterally directed force application at one of the posterior …

Development And Analyses Of A New Ideal Finishing Appliance, Robert M. Asatani

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new theoretical finishing appliance which should reduce the problems encountered during finishing with the present appliances. Maxillary and mandibular Buccal Arch Positioner appliances were constructed on a model that could deliver custom-designed force magnitude and direction to each tooth.

The mean force and displacement of 1 mm. for each flexible component were quantitated individually while all other flexible components were in a passive bracket position to see if the force magnitude to each tooth was constructed properly. Various hypothetical situation were quantitated. Unilateral mesial vectors caused skewing and labial displacement of …

Cephalometrics For The Oral Surgeon In The Diagnosis Of Facial Deformities, Frederick J. Mantz

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Surgical orthodontics presents a challenge to the oral surgeon. By the nature of the oral surgeon's training and discipline he should be the one best qualified to treat the surgical aspect of the surgical orthodontic case. The establishment of a proper diagnosis and means of communication between the oral surgeon and orthodontist are essential in achieving a good final result for the surgically treated case. Fortunately, a scientific method of diagnosis is available that can provide both specialties with a common language. Computerized cephalometric analysis can provide the diagnosis and link of communication for the discussion of goals and treatment. …

Observations On The Application Of The Buccal Arch Positioner, Gerald A. Fillmore

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Some of the difficulties of achieving individual tooth to tooth relationships in finishing orthodontic cases can be associated with the appliances. In an attempt to overcome many of these difficulties, the Buccal Arch Positioner (BAP) has been theoretically proposed.

This Study adapted the theoretical BAP to clinical orthodontics to observe its acceptance by patients and operators and to observe changes in occlusion during treatment.

Three patients Were chosen and BAPs were constructed. The .072 in. rigid member was found to be adequate in strength and rigidity, however it produced some minor irritation of the vestibular tissues. A pilot study of …

The Development Of A New Appliance For The Third Stage Of Begg Treatment, Ronald C. Parker

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The third stage of Begg treatment can pose difficulties to the orthodontist. Some of the undesirable developments encountered are anchorage loss, unintentional tooth tipping, extrusion, intrusion, palatal and mandibular rotation, muscular strain and profile deficiency or procumbency. In the interest of eliminating or minimizing these developments a new appliance was developed for use during the third stage of treatment.

Simply described, the appliance consisted of a rigid vestibular arch that provided anchorage for flexible extensions to each tooth. Extraoral force was directed to the maxillary rigid arch to counter anterior root torquing forces.

Anchorage control, maxillary incisor torquing efficiency and …

Modifications, Adaptations, And Clinical Observations On The Buccal Arch Positioner, Bill J. Miller

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Buccal arch positioners (BAP) were constructed for four orthodontic patients banded with edgewise brackets, which were clinically observed during the finishing stages of treatment. At 2-4 week intervals data were collected on oral hygiene, tissue tolerance, magnitude and duration of soreness, and ease of appliance insertion and adjustments.

During the construction of the BAP, an ideal set up was found to be necessary for construction of the flexible components. It had the final location of each tooth visible so the investigator could work towards that goal.

Heat treatment of the rigid component was done to remove the cold working stress …

Clinical Photographic Analysis Of Dentofacial Midline Asymmetries, Larry A. Okmin

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Clinical diagnosis of dentofacial midline asymmetries has been difficult because of the problems in locating a reliable median sagittal reference plane, and because of the complexity and time involved in analysis. For these reasons, the clinician has generally resorted to direct visual observation in diagnosing midline discrepancies. A quick, precise, chairside method of dentofacial midline analysis would be of benefit to the orthodontist.

This study presented a clinical photographic method of dentofacial midline analysis and compared its precision with that of direct observation. The photographic method employed an Orthoscan Polaroid intraoral camera (Unitek) with a positioning device used to relate …

A Clinical Evaluation Of Space Closure And Anchorage Loss In Stage I And Ii Begg Treatment, William G. Byrne

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

There has been much controversy about the Begg technique since its introduction in this country. This controversy has focused on the biomechanics, specific tissue reactions, the speed, ease, chair time, and patient comfort experienced in its use, and the cephalometric results of treatment. Because of the magnitude of the discrepancies found in the literature, a comprehensive clinical evaluation of the Begg technique was conducted through the termination of Stage II mechanics.

The study indicated that light forces in the range of 2.5 to 3 ounces are adequate for tipping teeth and closing extraction spaces. The effectiveness of the technique in …

A Clinical Comparison Of Six Orthodontic Techniques, Erik H. Madsen

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Controversy exists concerning the relative superiority of various orthodontic techniques because of the difficulties encountered in making comparative clinical studies of these techniques which are scientific and statistically meaningful. The purpose of this study was to clinically compare six different orthodontic techniques which are currently being taught, relative to a number of criteria, and to do it in a scientifically significant manner.

In order to eliminate as many of the irrelevant variables as possible, the patients were required to pass a relatively stringent screening to participate. Among other things, the patients had to have first molars in Class I relation …

A Clinical Study Of Cuspid And Incisor Retraction Using A Simplified Long Acting Edgewise Technique, James M. Prichard

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Six patients were treated by means of a simplified edgewise technique. The rate of the cuspid retraction and molar movement was measured and difficulty of appliance, adjustment, length of appointments, severity and duration of pain, and root resorption were assessed. The technique of treatment is described and evaluated relative to these criteria. The measurements were made utilizing a unique intra-oral camera and a measuring device designed for the study.

It was found that approximately 44.4 percent of the extraction space was closed by anterior movement of the molar and 55.6 percent was closed by distal movement of the cuspid. The …

A Clinical Evaluation Of The Light Progressive Technique During Cuspid And Anterior Retraction, Gary R. Keszler

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This study was conducted to clinically evaluate cuspid and anterior retraction in first bicuspid extraction cases using the Light Progressive Technique. More specifically interest was centered on rate of cuspid and anterior retraction, anchorage preservation or control, difficulty of appliance adjustments, time involved in adjustments, frequency of adjustments, total retraction time, patient discomfort, root resorption, as well as a complete cephalometric appraisal. Seven patients were treated for ten months. The appliance was activated at three week intervals, and progress recorded monthly.

It was shown that this technique maintains molar anchorage during rapid cuspid retraction without relying on patient cooperation for …

A Clinical Evaluation Of A Technique Utilizing Plastic Modules For Cuspid And Incisor Retraction, Dwane I. Johnston

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

In a clinical study, polyurethane-type plastic modules were evaluated for use in retracting cuspids and incisors in Class I extraction cases.

Seven patients were selected to be treated with a technique utilizing these plastic modules. All cases were in Class I molar relationship and were either bimaxillary, protrusive or had tooth-size, arch-length discrepancies.

Evaluation was based on rate of cuspid and incisor retraction and the control of molar anchorage during the retraction phase.

At four-week intervals data were collected on space closure. At the same time, such subjective data as amount and duration of pain, difficulty of appliance adjustment and …

An Evaluation Of Cuspid And Anterior Retraction Using Burstone Mechanics In First Bicuspid Extraction Cases, George Rodney Heath

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This study was conducted to clinically evaluate cuspid and anterior retraction in first bicuspid extraction cases using the Burstone segmented arch technique. More specifically interest was centered on rate of cuspid and anterior retraction, anchorage preservation or control, difficulty of appliance adjustments, time involved and frequency of adjustments, total retraction time, patient discomfort, root resorption, as well as a complete cephalometric appraisal. Six patients were treated for seven months with measurements and records taken to asses (sic) the above desired information.

The results of the patients undergoing lower cuspid retraction showed a mean percentage of 26.0% for the molars and …

A Clinical Study Of Cuspid And Incisor Retraction Using The Mechanics Of Charles H. Tweed, Eugene R. Humphries

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A controlled clinical study of cuspid and incisor retraction using the mechanics advocated by Charles H. Tweed on class I four first bicuspid extraction cases was conducted. A carefully restricted sample of seven patients, three boys and four girls, was treated by seven graduate orthodontic students at Loma Linda University.

Measurements were made at monthly intervals to assess cuspid, incisor, and molar movements. Data were collected at each appliance adjustment to evaluate pain, difficulty, length of appointment, and the observations and impressions of each clinician regarding the technique.

The mean rates of cuspid movement during the cuspid retraction phase of …

Orthodontics Questions And Answers (1972), American Dental Association, American Association Of Orthodontists

Patient Dental Health Education Materials 1929-1981

No abstract provided.

A Serial Cephalometric Evaluation Of The Mandibular Radius, W. Thomas Veal Jr.

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This study compared the mandibular radius (center of the condyle to gnathion) with the mandibular planes (lower border and GoGn) utilizing serial lateral cephalograms on orthodontically treated and nontreated individuals. Three groups were employed as follows: Group 1 of 38 untreated individuals for serial data on growth alone; Group 2 of 13 patients with Class II, high angle, open bite malocclusions that had been treated with high pull headgear and the edgewise appliance (control representing the least amount of mandibular rotation during orthodontic treatment); and Group 3 of 54 randomly selected orthodontic patients to represent the average mandibular rotation during …

Change In The Number Of Fibers And Nuclei In The Rat Soleus Muscle During Normal Development And Increased Work Load Exercise, John K. Pearson

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Many orthodontists have desired to produce a permanent lengthening of a short upper lip. To produce a permanent increase in skeletal muscle mass, changes associated with hyperplasia would probably have to occur. If it would be possible to demonstrate in animals that skeletal muscle cells and corresponding deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) increased with exercise, clinical studies on the upper lip would be in order.

Male Sprague Dawley albino rats were used to study the effects of exercise and normal development. Increased work load exercise of the soleus muscle was induced by cutting the tendon of the synergestic gastrocnemius. Histological sections of …

A Computerized Study Of Midpalatal Suture Expansion, Clelan G. Ehrler

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

An investigation has been conducted to consider the effects of midpalatal suture expansion on the cranial-facial complex. Nine patients were treated that had constricted maxillae. Data was obtained from frontal and lateral headplate radiographs which were taken at four intervals during treatment. The Rocky Mountain Data Systems diagnosis was utilized to interpret the radiographic data.

The data from the nine cases were averaged to obtain a composit [sic] change at each of the four times.

Examination of the lateral headplate data revealed that no permanent significant alteration occurred to the positions of the mandible or maxilla in a vertical or …

The Relationship Of The Bucco-Lingual Position Of The Mandibular First Molar To Occlusion And Arch Stability, Lothar M. Guttschuss

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Forty non-treated and twenty-two orthodontically treated cases were selected to determine the relationship of the bucco-lingual position of the mandibular first molar to occlusion and arch stability.

Plaster models and occlusal radiographs were obtained from all the cases. Anterior crowding, intermolar width, molar classification, and molar overhang relative to the basal bone were determined. The modified technique for occlusal radiographs used was found to result in radiographs which were more versatile and accurate when interchanged with the model measurements. Clinical applications of this technique include the determination of root angulations, location of impactions, and the fabrication of individualized preformed arch …

A Comparison Of The Articular Eminence To Various Skeletal And Dental Malocclusions, James R. Wise

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The slope of the articular eminence was measured on the cephalograms of 71 subjects. The patients were divided Into three major categories on the basis of skeletal pattern, dental bite type, and Angle's classification. Skeletal pattern was determined by the mandibular plane angle (SNGoGn). High Angle and Low Angle cases were classified by two standard deviations from normal. Dental bite types were divided into Open Dental or Closed Dental according to the absence or presence of anterior disclusion, respectively. Angle's method of classification was also used to divide the sample Into Class I, II, or III malocclusions.

The eminence slope …

Do You Swallow Right? (1971), American Dental Association, Mary Ann Goodman Ma

Patient Dental Health Education Materials 1929-1981

No abstract provided.

Space (1971), American Dental Association, American Society Of Dentistry For Children

Patient Dental Health Education Materials 1929-1981

No abstract provided.

The Relationship Between The Lingual Surface Of The Maxillary Central Incisor And The Eminence Of The Mandibular Fossae, Robert A. Huffer

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Gnathologists have suggested that in order to prevent excessive wear on posterior teeth, alveolar bone loss due to traumatic occlusion, and temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) disturbances, the mandibular incisors should disclude the posterior teeth by moving along the lingual surfaces of the maxillary incisors as the condyles move down the articular eminence in protrusion. It is suggested that in order for this to occur, the lingual surface of the maxillary incisors should be steeper than the eminence.

A cephalometric technique was developed to accurately determine the anatomical form of the articular eminence. A regular orthodontic tracing of the head was done …

An Analysis Of Orthodontic Treatment Results Employing Class Ii Armstrong Adjustable Intermaxillary Springs, Michael E. Shumate

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A study of orthodontic treatment results employing Class II Armstrong Adjustable Intermaxillary Springs was made on twenty-eight randomly selected patients which were treated by Dr. Maclay Armstrong.

The skeletal and dental changes observed during treatment with the Class II springs was compared with those results observed when comparable type malocclusions were treated with Class II elastics. A list of changes which were observed during treatment with Class II elastics was compiled from the literature using individual studies published by Ricketts, Creekmore and Hanes.

The study was based on the findings observed in the initial and final cephalometric radiographs. A statistical …

Maximum Opening And Closing Forces Exerted By Diverse Skeletal Types, Erkut Yildirim

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

An appliance was constructed to measure the maximum opening force, whereas, a gnathodynamometer was utilized to record maximum closing force of 44 subjects. The collected data was analyzed by computer, regardless of sex, to determine both the mean and the standard deviation of the opening forces, and the average right and left side closing forces. The data was also computed for the above mentioned variables to find out the mean and the standard deviation for both sexes. The Student's t test was utilized to determine if there were any significant differences in the before mentioned variables. A linear correlation analysis …

Induced Early Closure Of The Spheno-Occipital Synchondrosis In The Guinea Pig, Arthur A. Ewert

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This study was designed to explore the significance of the spheno-occipital synchondrosis in cranial base and craniofacial development.

Premature fusion of the spheno-occipital synchondrosis in the guinea pig was induced by placing a wire staple in the cranial base across the synchondrosis. One end of the staple was placed in the basi-occipital bone and the other end in the basi-sphenoid bone.

Results of this early closure showed marked changes in craniofacial morphology. The entire cranium anterior to the auditory bullae dropped down in relation to the axial skeleton. The cranial base from basion to the intersphenoidal synchondrosis was markedly shortened. …