Orthodontics and Orthodontology Commons^™

To Achieve An Ideal Functional Occlusion And Esthetical Outcome By Interdisciplinary Treatment – A Case Report, Nien-Chieh Lee, Pi-Lun Chen, Chien-Jung Pai, Whei-Lin Pan

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

A harmonious face may involve the proper skeletal and dental relationship, in combination with the color, contour, and position of surrounding soft tissue. A 51-year-old female patient complained about her protrusive teeth and asked for improvement of her facial profile. The clinical examination of the patient revealed bimaxillary protrusion, gummy smile, and several ill-fitted fixed partial dentures. The “surgery-first” approach was chosen to improve her facial esthetics and to achieve a normal occlusion by reducing orthodontic treatment time. Therewas still 2~3mm space remaining between upper left canine and second premolar after orthodontic treatment, and this problem was resolved by prosthetic …

Periodontal Outcomes Of Impacted Maxillary Central Incisors In 80 Patients Treated With A Combined Surgical-Orthodontic Approach, Kwok-Hing Ho, Yu-Fang Liao

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Background: Impaction of maxillary central incisors can result in aesthetic problems. The aim of this retrospective study was to examine the periodontal outcomes of impacted maxillary central incisors after surgical exposure and orthodontic extrusion compared to naturally erupted, contralateral incisors (control). Methods: Patients (N=80, 80 central incisors), who had been treated by a surgical-orthodontic approach, underwent a periodontal examination after 6 to 146 months. Periodontal parameters (crown length, keratinized gingival width, gingival scar, and bone loss) of the orthodontically extruded incisors were scored and compared with those of the naturally erupted contralateral incisors (control) in a masked set-up. Results: The …

The Possibility Of Acceleration In Orthodontic Tooth Movement, Yu-Jia Liou, Ellen Wen-Ching Ko, Eric Jein-Wein Liou, Betty Chien-Jung Pai

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

In recent times, orthodontic treatment has attained significant interest and momentum. It has become more acceptable and admirable as a prime modality of treatment that not only enhances the facial esthetics but also can improve the function of the orofacial structures, than ever before. However, the layperson perceives it to be a treatment modality which consumes drastically longer period of time. Recent research pertaining to faster orthodontic tooth movement has dwelled in to this overwhelming area of reduced and more efficient treatment time. This review article specifically deals with such modalities of treatment which could elicit shorter treatment period than …

Stress Relaxation In Orthodontic Aligner Plastics; An In Vitro Comparison Study, Kristopher J. Keller

Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to ascertain if repeated stresses from extension cycling would result in accumulated damage in aligner materials and affect force delivery. A secondary goal was to identify potential differences in mechanical behavior present among orthodontic aligner polymers. Four thermoplastic polymers (Essix ACE, Taglus, Zendura, and Zendura FLX) were thermoformed, cut into strips, and extension cycled to 0.4 millimeters in a 37C water bath. Force decay, maximum and minimum force, and elastic modulus were measured during cycling. Additional samples were subjected to controlled tension until failure, allowing the measurement of yield strength, ultimate strength, and elastic …

Orthodontically Induced External Root Resorption In Extraction Versus Non-Extraction Treatment Modalities – A Retrospective Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (Cbct) Study, Jaykishan Patel

Theses & Dissertations

Purpose of this study was to evaluate orthodontically induced external apical root resorption using cone beam computed tomography in patients receiving orthodontic treatment with or without extractions. Records of 188 consecutively treated patients who received orthodontic treatment with or without extractions were evaluated. Pre-and post-treatment root lengths of maxillary incisors, volumes of maxillary central incisors, and apex displacement of either right or left maxillary central incisors were measured using Invivo 5.4 or ITK-SNAP 3.8.0 software. After adjusting for initial length, treatment duration, tooth, sex, race, bracket type, and malocclusion, maxillary incisor reduction of root length in extraction group was 0.37 …

Let’S Face It: The Effect Of Orthognathic Surgery On Facial Recognition Algorithm Analysis, Carolyn Bradford Dragon

Theses and Dissertations

Aim: To evaluate the ability of a publicly available facial recognition application program interface (API) to calculate similarity scores for pre- and post-surgical photographs of patients undergoing orthognathic surgeries. Our primary objective was to identify which surgical procedure(s) had the greatest effect(s) on similarity score.

Methods: Standard treatment progress photographs for 25 retrospectively identified, orthodontic-orthognathic patients were analyzed using the API to calculate similarity scores between the pre- and post-surgical photographs. Photographs from two pre-surgical timepoints were compared as controls. Both relaxed and smiling photographs were included in the study to assess for the added impact of facial pose on …

Orthodontic Bond Strength Comparison Between Two Filled Resin Sealants, James Kolstad

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Introduction: Sealants are used in orthodontics to help prevent demineralization during treatment. The objective of this study was to determine if there is a difference in the shear bond strength (SBS) between two different resin sealants bonded to teeth. Materials and Methods: Extracted human premolars (n=20/group) were randomly divided and prepared by acid etching, followed by application of primer or sealant. Group 1, the control group, used Transbond XT Primer (3M Unitek). Groups 2 and 3 were prepared with the sealants L.E.D. Pro Seal (Reliance Orthodontic Products) and Opal Seal (Opal Orthodontics) respectively. Transbond XT Adhesive was applied to a …

Application Of Mechanical Vibration To Enhance The Stability After Orthodontic Treatment - A Micro - Ct Study, Nicolas Branshaw

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Introduction: Mechanical vibration (MV) possesses anti-resorptive properties that can possibly enhance the stability of the dentition during retention, lessening the potential for relapse of teeth to their initial positions. In this project, we established a mouse model and investigated the effects of MV on bone modeling during orthodontic retention. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two 14-week-old inbred strain C57BL/6 male mice were randomly assigned into four groups: 1) Control (N=6); 2) Mechanical Vibration (MV) (N =6); 3) Orthodontic Retention (OR) (N=9); and 4) Orthodontic Retention and Mechanical Vibration (ORMV) (N=11). All mice in OR and ORMV groups received approximately 10g of orthodontic …

Frequency Of Dentofacial Asymmetries: A Cross-Sectional Study On Orthodontic Patients, Nita Kumari Bhateja, Mubassar Fida, Attiya Shaikh

Section of Dental-Oral Maxillofacial Surgery

Background: Correction of orthodontic asymmetries is crucial to achieve functional occlusion, aesthetics and stability of post orthodontic treatment results. To date valid frequency data of dentofacial asymmetries in Pakistani orthodontic patients do not exist to document orthodontic treatment need. The objectives of this study were to determine frequency of dento-facial asymmetries, severity of dental asymmetries and to determine difference in frequency of dentofacial asymmetries in mixed and permanent dentition.
Methods: The sample of this cross-sectional study comprised of 280 patients (177 females and 103 males) with no history of previous orthodontic treatment having no craniofacial anomalies. Dento-facial asymmetries were assessed …

An In-Vitro Study Evaluating The Fracture Resistance And Insertion Torque Of Self-Drilling Mini-Implants Upon Insertion Into Synthetic High Density Mandibular Bone., Angie L. Smith

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Introduction: Self-drilling mini-implants are commonly used in orthodontics, but there is little information regarding their fracture resistance in areas of high density bone without pre-drilling.

Purpose: To determine the peak fracture torques of six commonly used self-drilling mini-implants, and to examine how each performs in extreme conditions without pre-drilling.

Materials and Methods: Fifteen mini-implants from six different manufacturers were drilled into acrylic blocks using a custom-made insertion device incorporating a 6-DOF load cell for torque measurements. Peak fracture torques were recorded and compared for each of the six manufacturers. Additionally, ten mini-implants from each manufacturer were inserted into high density …

Treatment Effects Of The Mandibular Anterior Repositioning Appliance (Mara) And Conventional Orthodontic Mechanics On Temporomandibular Joint Morphology: A Comparison Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography, Brenton E. Glassell

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Introduction: An ongoing debate exists in orthodontics about the amount of condylefossa remodeling and growth seen in Class II patients using functional appliance therapy. Some clinicians and researchers have found that that the use of functional appliances increases the amount of condylar growth and subsequent Class II skeletal correction; others believe that the mandible has a preset amount of growth and that conventional orthodontics will result in a similar amount of condylar growth to functional appliance therapy. Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare condylar remodeling in functional appliance treatment using the mandibular anterior repositioning appliance (MARA) to …

Oropharyngeal Airway Volume Following Orthodontic Treatment: Premolar Extraction Versus Non-Extraction, Thomas Patrick Shannon

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Orthodontic correction of tooth size versus arch size discrepancy (TSASD) can be achieved with two distinct methods of treatment. The first involves the extraction of teeth to gain the space needed for tooth alignment. The second relies on arch expansion to gain the space needed for correction. In recent decades, arguments for and against the extraction of teeth for orthodontic purposes have become increasingly important, particularly in regards to oropharyngeal airway size. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is a decrease in oropharyngeal dimensions following the extraction of four premolars and subsequent orthodontic therapy. Methods: …

Oropharyngeal Airway Volume Following Orthodontic Treatment: Premolar Extraction Versus Non-Extraction, Thomas Patrick Shannon

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Orthodontic correction of tooth size versus arch size discrepancy (TSASD) can be achieved with two distinct methods of treatment. The first involves the extraction of teeth to gain the space needed for tooth alignment. The second relies on arch expansion to gain the space needed for correction. In recent decades, arguments for and against the extraction of teeth for orthodontic purposes have become increasingly important, particularly in regards to oropharyngeal airway size. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is a decrease in oropharyngeal dimensions following the extraction of four premolars and subsequent orthodontic therapy. Methods: …

Craniofacial Changes Following Nonextraction Orthodontic Treatment: A Long-Term Cephalometric Analysis, James Austin Rahaim

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Long-term posttreatment cephalometric changes from late adolescence into early adulthood were analyzed in this study. Lateral cephalometric radiographs from a sample of 30 Class II division 1 Caucasian females treated without extractions were evaluated at posttreatment (mean age = 15.9 years) and recall (mean age = 28.3 years). All of the subjects were treated in the private practice of a single, experienced practitioner. The cephalograms were examined to investigate changes in the cranial base, midface, maxilla, mandible, maxillomandibular relationships, dental relationships, and the soft tissue profile that occurred at an average of 12.4 years posttreatment. Descriptive and inferential statistics were …