Orthodontics and Orthodontology Commons^™

A Study Of The Relationship Between Job Related Stress And Temporomandibular Disorders In Accountants Working In Jakarta, Cindy Maura Saputra, Laura Susanti Himawan, Ira Tanti

Journal of Dentistry Indonesia

Stress is a known risk factor for Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD), however there are few studies of TMD in people who work in high stress jobs. Accounting is a profession known for its high levels of stress and expectation. Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the intensity and frequency of job related stress and the occurrence of TMD in accountants in Jakarta. Methods: A cross-sectional study, with ethics approval from the Ethical Committee of the Faculty of Dentistry, University Indonesia, was performed on 116 accountants aged 21 to 50, living in Jakarta. Subjects were asked …

Effects Of Flash-Free Technique On Plaque Retention, White Spot Lesions, And Bracket Failure: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Payam Ishani Afousi

Theses & Dissertations

A side effect of orthodontic treatment is the development of white spot lesions (WSLs). This thesis attempted to evaluate the effects of the use of APC™ Flash-Free (FF) and conventional adhesives in bonding of orthodontic brackets on plaque formation and retention, WSL development, and bracket failure in-vivo. This was accomplished by collecting plaque samples from around orthodontic appliances and analyzing them using ATP-driven bioluminescence; scanning enamel surfaces using the Canary System™ to evaluate WSL development, and counting the number of spontaneous debonding of brackets of the 4 maxillary incisors in the first 6 months of treatment. It was found …

Comparison Of Treatment Effects Of The Forsus Fatigue Resistance Device In Class Ii Patients With Different Underlying Vertical Skeletal Patterns, Michelle C. Watroba

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the differences in dental and skeletal changes induced by the Forsus^TM Class II dentoalveolar corrector in Class II patients with varying vertical skeletal growth patterns. The sample consisted of 26 (mean age 12.9 ± 1.3 years) Brachyfacial (BF) (SN-MP < 30^o) consecutively treated Forsus subjects, 16 (mean age 13.1 ± 0.8 years) BF untreated Class II subjects (control subjects), 12 (mean age 12.3 ± 1.2 years) Nonbrachyfacial (NBF) (SN-MP ≥ 30^o) consecutively treated Forsus subjects, and 8 (mean age 13.2 ± 0.9 years) NBF untreated Class II subjects (control). …

Role Of Lipid Mediators In P2x7 Signaling In Osteoblasts, Erin Eyer

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

P2X7 is a cell-surface nucleotide receptor that plays a critical role in skeletal mechanotransduction; however, the signaling pathways mediating these effects are poorly understood. Previous studies showed that the nucleotide analog benzoylbenzoyl-ATP induces anabolic gene expression in osteoblastic cells. Our first objective was to determine whether this effect was mediated by P2X7. Inhibition of anabolic gene expression by a P2X7-specific antagonist established involvement of this receptor. Our second objective was to investigate the role of lipid mediators, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and prostaglandin (PG), both of which are produced in response to P2X7 activation. The effect of P2X7 on expression of …

Nasal Morphology As A Predictor Of Craniofacial Growth Direction, Christos Papadopoulos

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

It is important for an orthodontist to predict growth related changes and thereby appropriately time orthodontic treatment using the vertical indicators currently available. A potential predictor of craniofacial growth direction that has been discussed yet remains scientifically unexplored is nasal morphology. The objectives of this study are to determine if a difference in pre-adolescent nasal contour exists between post-adolescent normodivergent and hyperdivergent subjects, and if nasal contour morphology in pre-adolescent females is a reliable indicator of future craniofacial growth direction. A significant difference in pre-adolescent nasal contour morphology was found between normodivergent and hyperdivergent groups. A pre-adolescent nasal contour elevation …

The Effect Of Orthodontic Treatment On Sagittal Root Position Of The Maxillary Central Incisor, Jeremy Haines

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Introduction: Sagittal root position (SRP) of maxillary incisors is an important factor in implant treatment planning. Kan et al defined four classes of SRP in an effort to aid implant placement treatment planning and these SRP classifications represent a novel approach to describing bone changes around the maxillary incisors. The effect of orthodontic tooth movement, specifically changes in inclination, on SRP is of interest in potentially facilitating immediate implant placement. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to use Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) to evaluate the adaptation of alveolar bone around the maxillary incisors as a result of orthodontic …

A Cbct Study Of Pharyngeal Airway Changes Due To Fixed Functional Appliances, Scott T. Peterson

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Introduction: The purpose of this retrospective study, using head and neck Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images, was to measure and compare volumetric, area, and linear changes of the pharyngeal airway space in patients treated with a MARA or Herbst Class II correction appliances. Materials and Methods: Twenty-six patients treated with a MARA (mean age 13.2), nine with a Herbst (mean age 12.12) , and a control group twenty-five orthodontically treated class I patients (mean age 13.11). T1 and T2 CBCT images were measured and compared between the three groups for area, length, and width measurements along the velo-, oro-, and …

Ricketts Analysis Using Conventional And Dolphintm Generated Cbct Lateral Cephs, Yeganeh Parhizkar Jewell

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the difference between Ricketts analysis measurements made on Sirona Orthophos XG Plus (Sirona Dental Systems, Charlotte,NC) lateral cephalograms, and DolphinTM generated perspective and orthogonal lateral cephalograms from CBCT (NewTom 5G; QR srl, Verona, Italy). Materials and Methods: A Sirona digital lateral cephalogram and DophinTM synthesized CBCT lateral cephalograms of a radiographic phantom in orthogonal and perspective projections were created. Horizontal and vertical measurements were made in multiple planes on the radiographic phantom to compare each imaging modality. Twenty-five lateral cephalometric radiographs were selected retrospectively from the records of patients of …

Comparison Of Two Methods Of Transpalatal Arch And Lingual Arch Activation, Taoran Zhang

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The TPA and LA can be activated with two methods: the “shape-driven method” where the appliance is made to match the final tooth position and the “force-driven method” where the appliance is made to make sure the force system delivered by it at the beginning is consistent with the planned tooth movement. This study compared the two methods in vitro quantitatively with typodont teeth and multi-axis force torque transducers in all three dimensions. Results: In the TPA first order activation, with comparable Fy (force on Y axis) reading, the shape-driven activation group had a significantly higher Mx (moment on X …

An Evaluation Of Root Length Change Measurements Using Intraoral Scan And Panoramic Radiographs, Elijah C. Wang

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Introduction: This study was intended to evaluate the accuracy of using panoramic radiographs to measure root length change over the course of orthodontic treatment, using intraoral scans of crowns, and a mathematical model to account for distortions in the radiographs. The study additionally evaluated whether a best-fit equation could be created from the calculated data to minimize differences to the measurements of root resorption made on CBCT scans. Materials and Methods: Twenty-one patients were selected who had comprehensive orthodontic treatment, and all teeth in the upper right quadrant were evaluated in this study. T1 and T2 CBCT images were compared …

Correlation Of Tooth Length Measurements Made On Cbct And 3t Mr Images, Andrew Scott Taylor

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Objective. This study compared tooth length measurements made on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans and 3-Tesla (3T) magnetic resonance (MR) scans performed with and without an alginate bite registration surrounding the crowns of the teeth. Materials and Methods. One CBCT scan, one MR scan with alginate bite registration, and one MR scan without bite registration were performed on 12 subjects. The alginate bite registration was used to provide a proton-rich material to surround proton-poor teeth in an attempt to improve visualization of teeth. DICOM formatted images from each of the three scans for each subject were oriented in all …

Thermal Properties Of Copper Nickel-Titanium Orthodontic Archwires, Joshua Gilbert

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Introduction: Copper Nickel-Titanium (CuNiTi) is a relatively new composition of Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) archwires that was originally patented in 1991 as part of the Ormco line of wires. The patent has now recently expired and many other orthodontic companies are making their own CuNiTi wires. Advertisement claims have focused on the laboratory benefits of adding Copper (Cu) to the NiTi, however few independent laboratory testings have been conducted on these new wires to verify claims. The purpose of this study was to conduct thermal analysis of CuNiTi for all currently available wires in two Austenite Finish (Af) variants and two commonly …

The Effect Of Orthodontic Appliances On The Evaluation Of The Professionalism And Esthetics Of An Adult Employee, Laura Hanson Vaccariello

Master's Theses (2009 -)

This study explored the influence of fixed and removable orthodontic appliances on participants’ ratings of the job performance, intelligence, and attractiveness of an adult female. Ninety-four adult subjects were recruited from the Graduate School of Management at Marquette University. Each subject received an identical employee performance review with an attached photograph of a female employee. The smile of the photo was manipulated to represent one of four conditions: no orthodontic appliance, a metal orthodontic appliance, a ceramic orthodontic appliance, or a clear aligner. Subjects then rated the employee on three continuous Likert scales. Ratings of job performance, intelligence, and attractiveness …

The Effects Of Mechanical Vibration On Human Chondrocytes In Vitro, Bradley J. Gauthier

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Introduction: Inflammation is the biological basis of temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD), when severe it can lead to osteoarthritis. One of the physical therapies used to manage this condition is mechanical vibration, as has been used in medicine for many years as a non-pharmacological therapy. Recently an FDA approved dental device called AcceleDent has been introduced to increase the rate of tooth movement and decrease pain. As the device-generated vibration transmits to the TMJ, it is important for us to investigate whether mechanical vibration influences TMJ on its biologic basis – chondrocytes under normal and inflammatory conditions. Materials and Methods: Human …

The Effect Of Mechanical Vibration On Human Pdl Cell Differentiation And Response To Inflammation, Megan Desroches

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Low magnitude mechanical vibration is a therapeutic adjunct being investigated to alter bone remodeling and inflammation in areas such as osteoporosis, bone fracture healing, and muscle soreness after exercise. In orthodontics a device named AcceleDent has been marketed that claims to increase the rate of tooth movement and decrease pain. However evidence for these claims is lacking. In this study we looked at two potential cellular mechanisms for these claims: periodontal ligament (PDL) cell differentiation and inflammation under an orthodontic model of strain (IL-1β). Increased PDL cell differentiation into osteogenic cells could be an avenue of increasing orthodontic tooth movement. …

Mechanical Properties Of Copper-Nickel-Titanium Archwires, Margaret Amelia Rosen

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Introduction: The initial phase of orthodontic therapy relies on flexible wires, usually composed of a nickel-titanium alloy, to apply a substantially constant load during tooth movement. Copper has been added to nickel-titanium archwires, resulting in an alloy with potential clinical advantages such as a lower stress hysteresis. Many orthodontic companies claim that their copper-nickel-titanium manufacturing process allows for the production of more consistent transition temperatures in the wires, allowing the orthodontist to customize treatment to various patients based on the force level needed. There are currently many manufacturers of these wires, creating a wide range of copper-nickel-titanium archwires from which …

Twitter Analysis Of The Orthodontic Patient Experience With Braces Versus Invisalign, Daniel A. Noll

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the orthodontic patient experience with braces compared to Invisalign^® by means of a large-scale Twitter sentiment analysis. A custom data collection program was created to collect tweets containing the words “braces” or “Invisalign.” A hierarchal Naïve Bayes sentiment classifier was developed to sort the tweets into one of five categories: positive, negative, neutral, advertisement, or not applicable. Among the 419,363 tweets applicable to orthodontics collected, users posted significantly more positive tweets (61%) than negative tweets (39%) (p-value = ^® tweets (p-value=0.4189). In conclusion, Twitter users express more positive than negative sentiment …

Comparison Of Treatment Management Between Orthodontists And General Practitioners Performing Clear Aligner Therapy, Alexandra D. Best

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in case confidence, treatment management, and Invisalign® expertise between orthodontists and general dentists. A survey was mailed to 1,000 randomly selected orthodontists and general dentists, respectively, who are Invisalign® providers, and results were analyzed. The results indicated that orthodontists treated significantly more Invisalign® cases and received more Invisalign® training than general dentists (P

Perception Of Differences In Lip Profile Between 2-D And 3-D, Andrew Hansen

Theses and Dissertations

Past studies evaluating the esthetics of orthodontic treatment have been done using 2-D images. New 3-D imaging offers an improved, real-life representation of a subject. The purpose of this study was to determine how laypeople perceived differences in lip position (flat versus ideal lip fullness) in 2-D compared to 3-D.

3dMD images of 8 Caucasian subjects were adjusted to an ideal and flat lip position in 3-D and then in 2-D from the profile view. 2 surveys were created with paired ideal and flat images on the screen, either in 2-D or 3-D, and evaluators were asked to choose which …

Perception Of Profile Appearance As Judged By Peers Using 3d Video Imaging, Megan G. Schuler

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate the social perceptions of subjects with differing lip position and facial convexity in three dimensions. A 3dMD camera (3dMD, Atlanta, GA) was used to capture 3D images of 9 subjects’ faces. The images were altered to have ideal lip position and ideal convexity, ideal lip position and Class II convexity, Class II lip position and ideal convexity, and Class II lip position and Class II convexity. 400 laypersons rated their perceptions of the subjects’ athletic ability, popularity, leadership, and intelligence on a VAS scale. Subjects with ideal lip position relative to the …