Food Science Commons^™

Grape Guards Prove Their Worth, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

now being packed and protected with "grape guards"—gas releasing generators consisting of chemically treated paper which releases small quantities of sulphur dioxide. Grape guards inserted in unventilated storage boxes are activated by the high humidity in the box to release their sulphur dioxide and prevent decay of the packaged fruit. The guards were developed in the United States two years ago.

Nature And Cause Of Yellow Film Occurring On Dairy Equipment, R. B. Maxcy

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

A yellow film of milkstone developed on a laboratory system that simulated unclean stainless steel surfaces. Cursory washing or presoiling with phospholipids and subsequent growth of Pseudomonas sp. in a milk film produced the yellow color in 1 to 2 days. Sequence of treatments, microenvironmental conditions, and microbial growth contributing to the formation of the yellow film were determined, Pseudomonas sp. was isolated from laboratory developed yellow films and from milk soil deposits on farm equipment. The overall requirements for the production of yellow films were: a) inadequate cleaning or a presoil of phospholipids, b) growth of Pseudomonas sp., c) …

The Effect Of Heat Treatment Of Fresh Frozen Vells On Rennin Extractability, Leesther Mifflin Holm

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A procedure was developed for the extraction of rennet from fresh frozen vells. Frozen vells were minced in a Model VCM-25 Hobart Vertical Cutter/Mixer. Dry sodium chloride was added until the salt concentration in the moisture of the tissue was 10%. Salted tissue was placed in galvanized steel cells and heated in a water bath to 49, 54, 57 and 60 C for 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes. The heated tissue was dried to about 4% moisture at ambient temperature with the aid of an electric fan. The dried salted tissue was extracted with a sodium chloride solution …

Biscuit Wheat In W.A, G H. Jones, J. A. Parish, H. J. Moss

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Following small scale trials in the production and evaluation of Gluclub wheat in 1970 and 1971, farmers have been asked to produce 20,000 tons of this variety for the 1972/73 season.

The background of this attempt to establish a class of soft or biscuit wheat in world markets is described in this article.

Insignia Lowers Wheat Quality, J A. Parish, H. M. Fisher

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Farmers in Western Australia have been advised not to plant Insignia wheat because it has poor grain quality. Many farmers want to know why Insignia is considered poor quality and what harm it could do. This article answers these questions and suggests alternative, better quality wheats for all present situations.

Effects Of Water Quality On Physico-Chemical And Organoleptic Characteristics Of Selected Canned Fruits And Vegetables, Anita Kay Wilson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effect of processing water quality, specifically calcium and magnesium salt content (0-500 mg/1) and the addition of chelating agents (0-250 mg/1 of aminopolycarboxylic acids, polyphosphates, hydroxycarboxylic acids or phytates), upon physico-chemical and organoleptic characteristics of canned Jonathan and Delicious apple slices, Montmorency cherries and Blue Lake green beans was investigated.

Physical determinations: shear values, turbidity of syrup or brine measured via light transmittance, Hunter color and color difference meter readings and internal can corrosion; chemical composition: pectin as calcium pectate, volatile reducing substances, total acidity, pigment determinations, nitrate-nitrogen values; and sensory measurements: texture, shape, flavor, aroma, color value and …

Protein Needs Throughout The Life Cycle, Mei-You Tsai

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

In most countries in Africa and in South and East Asia the foods which are produced do not provide adequate diets, or in some areas, not enough food for the population. In most areas, it is not the severe shortage of food supplies, but inequality of food distribution and the quality of the diet as influenced by deficiencies of individual nutrients. One of the most severe deficiencies is in protein because of the poor quality and imbalanced diets due to lack of nutritional knowledge and ignorance of the special needs of large groups of people such as pregnant and lactating …

The Effects And Desirability Of Utilizing Dried Whey In Selected Food Products, Katherine P. Robinson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effects and desirability of utilizing dried whey in pie crust, muffins, and beef gravies were studied using taste panel evaluations and objective testings.

In pastry the addition of whey caused significant changes. As the whey level increased to 10 percent of the flour weight, the crust became browner during baking and the shortometer recorded an increase in tenderness. The taste panel noted as whey levels increased to 10 percent and above that the color became yellow instead of creamy white; the flavor became undesirable; and pastry became less tender and flaky.

Whey significantly increased the desirability of muffins by …

A Procedure For Measuring Residual Rennin Activity In Whey And Curd From Freshly Coagulated Milk, Jorge Reyes

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A procedure was developed for measuring residual rennin activity in curd extracts and whey. A sensitive substrate at pH 5.8 was prepared by mixing 6 grams of low-heat nonfat dry milk in 500 milliliters buffer containing 0.05 molar cacodylic acid, 0.02 molar calcium chloride, and 0.012 molar triethanolamine, and storing it at 2 degrees centigrade for 18 hours. Two milliliters of whey or curd extract were inoculated into 25 milliliters of substrate at 30 degrees centigrade. The coagulation time was measured and compared to that induced by 2 milliliters of a known rennin concentration added at the same time to …

Effects Of Zinc Deficiency On Hemoglobin, Red Cell Counts, Red Cell Fragility And Circulating And Storage Levels Of Zinc, Iron And Copper In The Rat, Rekha R. Dalvi

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Three experiments were conducted to study the effect of zinc deficiency on hemoglobin, red cell counts, red cell fragility, storage of erythropoietic minerals in livers and circulating levels of zinc, iron and copper in the rat.

In the experiment 1, twenty weanling rats were divided into four groups. Two groups were fed zinc-deficient diet ( <0.5 ppm); and two groups, zinc-supplemented diet (50 ppm). The rats in the first and third groups were bled three times a week (bled), however the rats in remaining groups were bled once a week (non-bled). All rats received ad libitum food.

Mean food intake per day was considerably less for zinc-deficient rats than that for zinc-supplemented rats. Approximately 2 to 3 times as much food was required for each gram of body weight gained by the zinc-deficient group as by the controls.

In the experiment 2, …

An Ecological Study Of Coliform Bacteria Associated With Vaccinium Corymbosum, Harry C. Bittenbender

Honors Theses

Recent research has shown that there are coliform populations associated with the cultivated high bush blueberry, Vaccinium corynbosum. This study is aimed at determining the ecology of these colofirms, as they are related to blueberry production from the farm to the warehouse. Tests will be made to identify the Salmonella group, those associated with "food poisoning." Total bacterial coliform counts will also be made. This paper is primarily an ecological study of the coliforms found on blueberry farms near Grand Junction, though fruit samples were taken from all warehouses of the M.B.G.A.

Market Prospects For W.A. Wheat, William John Toms, J. A. Parish

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

WITH the Western Australian wheat industry valued at $100 million per year and subject to production restrictions, can market prospects be improved?

What types of wheat should we produce? Can we increase sales by segregating specific types from the present crop? This article discusses the changes in W.A. wheat production that would be necessary to suit specific markets.

Wheat Quality Surveys In Western Australia, J A. Parish, G. H. Jones

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

SINCE 1956 a number of collaborative wheat quality surveys have been carried out in Western Australia by Co-operative Bulk Handling Co. Ltd. and the Department of Agriculture.

The work was undertaken to provide facts which may be used to determine the possible advantages to this State's wheat industry of alterations in the receival and marketing arrangements.

The various surveys are described in this article.

Barley And Oat Yield Tests In W.A, H M. Fisher

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

BARLEY production has increased sharply over the past two seasons to compensate reduced wheat acreages.

The change over to barley has been supported by the availability of suitable varieties, notably Dampier, and a good demand for West Australian barley overseas.

Planning Home Vegetable Supplies, James P. Fallon

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

PLANNING is important to obtain the best value from growing vegetables at home and many types can be satisfactorily stored for later use to provide a welcome change of diet when they are not generally available.

Whatever is home grown can be picked absolutely fresh and at the best stage for eating, but there is no advantage in growing too much or in growing lines which are plentiful and cheap on the market when yours are ready to pick.

Wheat Yield Tests In W.A, H M. Fisher

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

WHEAT production is the major crop industry in Western Australia so emphasis has been placed on this crop in variety tests.

Over the last 5 years 61 wheat varieties, including 30 named varieties from various sources, have been tested in variety trials.

Changes In Escherichia Coli Associated With Acquired Tolerance For Quaternary Ammonium Compounds, R. B. Maxcy, N. P. Tiwari, P. R. Soprey

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Acquired tolerance for a quaternary ammonium compound produced a tolerance for a similar compound. Tolerance was associated with the structure and the extent of adsorption of the compound. Morphological changes and resistance to disruption by pressure and by sonic treatment accompanied the development of tolerance. An otherwise weakened culture evolved with the acquisition of tolerance. The maximum obtainable viable population density of tolerant cells in growth medium was approximately 5 %, of that obtained in the parent culture. Tolerant cultures died off more rapidly in the original growth medium as well as when washed cell suspensions were stored at 5 …

Study Of Control Of Public Health Problems Using Irradiation, R. B. Maxcy, N . P. Tiwari, C. C. Anagnostis

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Red meat, as exemplified by ground beef and pork, is subject to numerous opportunities for contamination and harborage of pathogenic organisms with the present commercial system of processing and distribution. An exploration was undertaken therefore to determine the usefulness of gamma irradiation for public health protection when applied to red meat. This work indicated that retail products are commonly heavily contaminated. The contamination can be reduced somewhat through central processing as shown by the data obtained from ground beef. Considerable numbers of the contaminants can be destroyed by irradiation at a 68 Krad level.
This work indicates that commercial ground …

Activity Analysis Of Personnel On Patient Trayline Assembly, June Bishop

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The systems approach in food service administration is the initial step in analyzing current procedures to determine the effectiveness of resource utilization. Analysis begins with observation of a system to provide possible explanations of the system behavior.

The purpose of this research was to determine through work sampling the proportion of both productive and nonproductive labor time of operators on the tray assembly, the labor time and labor cost required in each position and for each meal, and to test the hypothesis that there was no significant difference between the productivity index (trays per minute) during Phase A and Phase …

Development Of A Whey-Based Lactic Culture Medium Capable Of Bacteriophage Inhibition, Chao Tung Cheng

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A whey product has been formulated for use as a lactic starter medium. Phosphate-treated whey medium (PWM) has been shown to support growth of lactic cultures and prevent phage proliferation. Comparisons were made of a commercial phage inhibitory medium (PIM), reconstituted non-fat dry milk (NDM) and PWM. PWM inhibited all phages tested and stimulated starter growth. PWM was not as stimulating as PIM but was better than NDM. Good Cheddar cheese has been made using PWM. PWM is more economical than PIM but NDM is the most economical one if cheese yield is considered.

Raffinose In The Sugarbeet (Beta Vulgaris): I. Biosynthesis And Degradation In The Root; Ii. Hydrolysis In Molasses With Sweet Almond Emulsin, Te-Chao Chuang

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

PART I

The precursors for the biosynthesis of raffinose in sugarbeets were studied.

An enzyme preparation was obtained from the sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris) root. Incubation of this enzyme with (X-galactose-1-phosphate, Uridine triphosphate (UTP), Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), Magnesium chloride (MgCl₂), and L- cysteine at pH 5, 10°c for 6 hours formed a compound which was identified as raffinose by a hydrolysis method and thin- layer chromatography. The same result was obtained when Uridinediphosphate (UDP)-galactose was incubated with sucrose, ATP , MgCl₂, and L- cysteine in the presence of the beet enzyme preparation. These reactions suggested …

Selected Physio-Chemical, Microbiological, And Agronomical Studies On The Controlled Atmosphere Storage Of Sugarbeet (Beta Vulgaris) Roots, Vinod V. Karnik

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The post-harvest physiology of sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris) roots was studied during controlled atmosphere (CA) storage at 35° and 50°F. Zero, 3, 6 and 10% carbon dioxide and 5% oxygen concentrations were employed to investigate the most beneficial concentrations of gases. Under the experimental conditions beets were stored successfully for 200 days. The maximum beneficial effects of CA were observed under 6% carbon dioxide and 5% oxygen at 35°F. Regardless of storage temperatures, sucrose retention was highest in the beets stored under CA, compared to conventional refrigeration (CR). Other beneficial effects include less hydrolysis of sucrose to reducing sugars …

Dogs, Tapeworms, Cysts : And Soiled Sheep, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

To protect our export markets it is necessary to meet the required standards and to eliminate as far as possible any sources of cysts, contamination, blemished carcasses or other defects in meat.

Some of these things are beyond the control of the individual farmer, but there are some things he can do to help ensure that the sheep he sends to abattoirs are free of defects which threaten export markets.

Inoculation Abscesses Can Downgrade Carcasses, M R. Gardiner

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

THE presence of inoculation abscesses in meat is one of the lesser known causes of downgrading or rejection of carcasses, but these abscesses have caused increasing concern in recent years.

They have obvious importance in export carcasses.

Cysticercus Ovis : Sheep Measles, G C De Chaneet

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

CYSTICERCUS OVIS, commonly known as sheep "measles", has come into prominence in the last few years because of the rejection of affected carcasses by overseas markets. Recently it was one of the causes of a complete ban on imports of Australian mutton by-the.iJnited States and Canada.

Hydatid Disease In Western Australia, G C De Chaneet

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

BECAUSE hydatid disease is a disease of humans as well as animals, every dog owner should be aware of the conditions that perpetuate hydatids and the methods of control.

The incidence of hydatids in Western Australia in the past has not been high.

However, the increase in sheep numbers over recent years, together with the intensification of farming methods, may lead to a rise in incidence unless stock owners, particularly sheep farmers, take steps to control the disease.

Lupins In Western Australia. 4. Composition And Feeding Value Of The Seeds, John Sylvester Gladstones

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

PREVIOUS articles in this series have discussed the varieties of lupin available in Western Australia, and their cultivation.

This article deals with the composition and feeding value of the seeds.

Control Of Bitter Pit On Granny Smith Apples, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

BITTER PIT is a serious threat to Western Australia's apple export markets and effective control is essential.

The following programme of calcium nitrate sprays, starting in mid-December, will prevent development of the disorder.

Evaluating Circulation Cleaning By Analysis Of Soil Depletion From Surfaces, R. G. Arnold, R.B. Maxcy

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

The rate of soil removal and its nature were studied with a small commercial high-temperature short-time pasteurizer. The commercial recirculation system was altered to provide a single pass of cleaning solution through the equipment to observe progress of cleaning. A composite of the first 38 liters was taken after 1.5 minutes. Subsequent samples were taken after 3, 6, 22 and 21 to 22 minutes. Cleaning solutions were analyzed by centrifugal fractionation, solvent extraction, gas liquid chromatography, thin layer chromatography and infrared spectroscopy to determine the composition of residue and rate of its depletion.
Results showed both the nature of the …

The Milky Way To Good Cooking: Fun To Cook And Good To Eat, Brenda Costigan

Pamphlets

This pamphlet contains advice on how to whip, unmoulding adn how to improve your own soups and stews. The recipes are for Springtime Chicken Salad, Boston Chicken Loaf, Hot Cheese Souffle, Salmon Mousse, Raspberry Souffle, Vanilla Fudge, Walnut Fudge, Chocolate and Raisin Fudge, Mixed Fruit Cake, Cheese Cake, Brownies, Swiss Jelly, Jelly Souffle, Quiche Lorraine, Mushroom Tart, Coconut Rice Pudding, Pavlova, Ham and Asparagus au Gratin.

Please note the date is approximate