Electrical and Computer Engineering Commons^™

Reducing Switching Noise And Losses In Two-Stage Electric Power Converters, Abhijeet Prem

Student Research Symposium

Advancements in semiconductor devices are enabling the design of better electrical power converter systems. Wide Bandgap (WBG) switching devices from Silicon Carbide and Gallium Nitride can operate at high temperatures, voltages, and frequencies with faster turn-on/off periods, improving converter performance over silicon devices. However, WBG technology is still new, and the rapid switching transitions of these devices lead to issues such as voltage overshoots, ringing, and electromagnetic interference, which need to be addressed for widespread adoption. This work introduces a new control method for reshaping the switching voltages, which overcomes the disadvantages of fast transition time without increasing the system's …

Chiroptical Second-Harmonic Tyndall Scattering From Silicon Nanohelices, Ben J. Olohan, Emilija Petronijevic, Ufuk Kilic, Shawn Wimer, Matthew Hilfiker, Mathias Schubert, Christos Argyropoulos, Eva Schubert, Samuel R. Clowes, G. Dan Pantoş, David L. Andrews, Ventsislav K. Valev

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Chirality is omnipresent in the living world. As biomimetic nanotechnology and self-assembly advance, they too need chirality. Accordingly, there is a pressing need to develop general methods to characterize chiral building blocks at the nanoscale in liquids such as water-the medium of life. Here, we demonstrate the chiroptical second-harmonic Tyndall scattering effect. The effect was observed in Si nanohelices, an example of a high-refractive-index dielectric nanomaterial. For three wavelengths of illumination, we observe a clear difference in the second-harmonic scattered light that depends on the chirality of the nanohelices and the handedness of circularly polarized light. Importantly, we provide a …

Enhancing Fpga Synthesis For Space Applications: Performance Evaluation Of Scalehls In The Adapt Project, Ruoxi Wang

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

This thesis investigates the application of ScaleHLS, a high-level synthesis (HLS) tool, to enhance Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) synthesis for space applications, with a focus on the Antarctic Demonstrator Advanced Particle-astrophysics Telescope (ADAPT) project. The study explores how ScaleHLS optimizes the transformation of C code into FPGA-compatible designs to improve computational efficiency and resource utilization.

The research details the process of adapting ADAPT's computational algorithms for FPGA using ScaleHLS, emphasizing the tool's effectiveness in streamlining the code-to-hardware translation. A performance evaluation highlights significant improvements in resource management and operational speed, demonstrating the tool's impact on FPGA synthesis.

These findings illustrate …

Ultra‐Fast Finite Element Analysis Of Coreless Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines, Yaser Chulaee, Dan Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

Large‐scale design optimisation techniques enable the design of high‐performance electric machines. Electromagnetic 3D finite element analysis (FEA) is typically employed in optimisation studies for accurate analysis of axial flux permanent magnet(AFPM) machines, which require extensive computational resources. To reduce the computational burden, a FEA‐based mathematical method relying on the geometric and magnetic symmetry of coreless AFPM machines is proposed to estimate the machine performance indicators using the least number of FEA solutions, thereby significantly lowering the running time. This method is generally applicable to AFPM machines with low saturation effects and cogging torque as exemplified for a printed circuit board …

Ionic Conductivity, Li+ Transference Number, And Diffusion Coefficient Of A Solid-State Electrolyte Composite, Lizbeth Zurita

Reviews, Analyses, and Instructional Studies in Electrochemistry (RAISE)

The design of solid-state electrolyte (SSE) composites involves the fundamental study of transport properties, such as ionic conductivity. This transport property is influenced by the transport mechanisms of the charge species inside the composite, such as diffusion and migration. In this work, we perform the measurement of these three parameters through defined techniques. The resulting parameters were: ionic conductivity, the diffusion coefficient, and the Li+ transference number.

Studying The Production Of Nanocelluloses, Shohzodbek Abduvahobovich Rashidov, Elmurod Abduqodirovich Egamberdiev, Sadritdin Maxamatdinovich Turabdjanov

Technical science and innovation

Nanoscience is a broad field that includes nanophysics and nanochemistry. Nanotechnologies are aimed at obtaining nanoparticles with new properties and creating materials and devices based on them. This is one of the modern trends in the development of science in the 21st century.

Based on the study of information about nano-sized materials, the mechanisms of their production and changes in their properties, we will consider the technology for producing nanocellulose from organic substances, i.e. from cellulose. The article describes a technology that examines devices for producing nanocellulose and the principles of their operation, as well as a combined method of …

Machine Learning For Intrusion Detection Into Unmanned Aerial System 6g Networks, Faisal Alrefaei

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

Progress in the development of wireless network technology has played a crucial role in the evolution of societies and provided remarkable services over the past decades. It remotely offers the ability to execute critical missions and effective services that meet the user's needs. This advanced technology integrates cyber and physical layers to form cyber-physical systems (CPS), such as the Unmanned Aerial System (UAS), which consists of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), ground network infrastructure, communication link, etc. Furthermore, it plays a crucial role in connecting objects to create and develop the Internet of Things (IoT) technology. Therefore, the emergence of …

Design Optimization Of A Direct-Drive Wind Generator With A Reluctance Rotor And A Flux Intensifying Stator Using Different Pm Types, Ali Mohammadi, Oluwaseun A. Badewa, Yaser Chulaee, Donovin D. Lewis, Somasundaram Essakiappan, Madhav Manjrekar, Dan M. Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

This paper presents a large-scale multi-objective design optimization for a direct-drive wind turbine generator concept that is based upon an experimentally validated computational model for a small-scale prototype motor of the same type. By integrating an outer reluctance-type rotor and a segmented stator with toroidally wound single-coil modules containing spoke-type PMs, the design optimization aims to minimize losses, active mass, and torque ripple while adhering to a power factor constraint. The AC windings and PMs are positioned in the stator and this concept enhances flux concentration, enabling the use of more affordable high energy non-rare-earth (special type) magnets. The exterior …

Affordable Bioprint Head-Adapter For 3d Printers, Andrew Ceralde, Dominic Drake, Noah Engles, Mohammad Alwan, Nevada Perry

Honors Capstones

Introduction: Addressing the need for affordable and accessible bioprinting technology, the Northern Illinois University bioprinting research and design project aims to democratize the field by developing an open source bioprint head. The initiative targets the prohibitive cost of commercial bioprinters by proposing an optimal design that can be integrated with widely available 3D printers, like the Creality Ender-3. This approach seeks to enable the widespread adoption of bioprinting technology, particularly for applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

Methods: Leveraging SolidWorks for design, the project employs a methodology that combines a precision extrusion system with thermal and UV crosslinking capabilities. …

New Quantum Information Science Study At Bsu: A Theoretical Study And Research Towards Pic Generation Of Entangled Photons, Peyton Brown

Honors Program Theses and Projects

The first part of this thesis explores the abstract quantum state vector space using Dirac formalism, providing a comprehensive analysis of quantum mechanics’ fundamental concepts. Emphasis is placed on the Dirac notation’s pivotal role in elucidating quantum phenomena such as superposition and entanglement. Through detailed examinations of quantum states, polarization, and the CHSH inequality, this study not only reinforces the theoretical foundations of quantum information science but also demonstrates its practical applications in quantum information and quantum computing. The discussion delves into the manipulation of qubits and quantum gates, showing the potential of quantum information theory in enhancing computational efficiencies …

Modeling Of Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor For Esterification Process, Olimjon Rikhsiboyevich Maksudov, Abdulaziz Nodirbek Ogli Bakhtiyorov, Orifjon Olimovich Zaripov, Аdhаm Tilovovich Norkobilov

Technical science and innovation

This paper presents a comprehensive study on the synthesis of ethyl acetate through the esterification of acetic acid with ethanol using a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). Ethyl acetate is a significant solvent in various industries due to its eco-friendly characteristics and economic efficiency. The study develops a detailed mathematical model focusing on the operating of the CSTR to enhance the understanding of the reaction kinetics and thermodynamics in a continuous processing environment. The reactor model was validated with experimental data to optimize process parameters, aiming to improve yield and selectivity. Key variables such as reactant ratios, and operational temperatures …

Duality Of Ensemble Systems Through Moment Representations, Vignesh Narayanan, Wei Zhang, Jr-Shin Li

Publications

Controlling large-scale dynamic population systems, known as ensemble control, is a pervasive and essential task in many emerging applications from diverse scientific domains. Previous focuses in the area of ensemble control have been placed on seeking open-loop control strategies due to unavailability of state feedback information for each individual system in the ensemble. In this paper, we develop a foundational framework for analysis and control of ensemble systems with closed feedback control loops. We introduce the notion of ensemble moments and construct moment systems associated with the ensemble systems. By extending the classical moment problem in mathematical analysis and statistics, …

Improving The Power Efficiency Of Woodward’S High-Power Inverter (Hpi) Using Algorithmic Part Selection., Jaron Holder, Ali Al Gazwi, John Childers, Jose Soublett

Honors Capstones

Woodward Inc. is a secondary aerospace manufacturer based in the USA that specializes in aircraft power and control systems. This senior design project was concerned with a power systems platform currently in development by Woodward, the High-Power Inverter (HPI) system. In this report, the senior design group from Northern Illinois University (NIU) demonstrated the creation of an algorithmic part selection process to choose more power-efficient electrical components, the prototyping using MATLAB Simulink, and the practical testing that showed an increase of 7% in the power efficiency of the HPI system.

Detection Of Unauthorized Transmissions In A Frequency Spectrum Using A Wireless Sensor Network, Benjamin Roehrig, Joel Brinkman, Dylan Zupec, Jannette Gonzalez

Honors Capstones

A prototype for a wireless sensor network has been designed to detect and identify unauthorized wireless transmissions in a frequency spectrum. This prototype design is intended to detect unauthorized transmissions within the FM band of frequencies independently at individual nodes with Software Defined Radio receivers and transmit that information to a fusion center for aggregation using a Bluetooth Low Energy mesh network. Aggregated results will be displayed to the user through a Graphical User Interface at the fusion center.

Enabling On-Device Learning Through Hybrid Edge Computing Frameworks, Md Sharif Ahmed

Electrical Engineering Theses

In recent advancement of technology implementing Machine Learning (ML) algorithms with edge devices has gained remarkable popularity. Enabling Machine Learning (ML) in the edge opened new hybrid branch where edge hardware meets with Machine Learning (ML). Day by day devices are becoming more powerful and capable of doing a lot of computation. These powerful computational capabilities created the way of implementing Machine Learning (ML) on small edge devices. There are diverse ways we can implement machine learning models to the edge. For any embedded prototype, implementation of Tiny Machine Learning (TinyML) is making the IoT (Internet of Things) devices intelligent …

Detection Of Unauthorized Transmissions In A Frequency Spectrum Using Wireless Sensor Network, Joel Brinkman, Jannette Gonzalez, Benjamin Roehrig, Dylan Zupec

Honors Capstones

A prototype for a wireless sensor network has been designed to detect and identify unauthorized wireless transmissions in a frequency spectrum. This prototype design is intended to detect unauthorized transmissions within the FM band of frequencies independently at individual nodes with Software Defined Radio receivers and transmit that information to a fusion center for aggregation using a Bluetooth mesh network. Aggregated results will be displayed to the user through a Graphical User Interface at the fusion center.

Comparative Analysis Of Cutting Forces In Axial-Compliant And Rigid Chamfering Tools, Sultonmurod Bekpulatovich Normatov, Oybek Tuyboyov, Azimjon Axror O'G'Li Pardayev, Alisher G‘Ayratjon Ogli Boratov, Shohjahon Tuxtasin Ogli Abdullayev

Technical science and innovation

This study delves into the analysis of cutting forces in axial-compliant systems, focusing specifically on the comparison between axially spring-compensated 90° conical tools and rigid chamfering tools. The research incorporates a predictive model for chamfer size calculation in the axially spring-compensated tools, verified through experimental tests on representative parts. The study aims to control chamfer size within tolerances by adjusting process conditions and optimizing processing efficiency. By exploring the fundamentals of the chamfering process, this research offers insights into breaking sharp edges on components with positional errors and shape deformations, with a particular emphasis on aero-engine casings. The integration of …

Star-Based Reachability Analysis Of Binary Neural Networks On Continuous Input, Mykhailo Ivashchenko

School of Computing: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have become a popular instrument for solving various real-world problems. DNNs’ sophisticated structure allows them to learn complex representations and features. However, architecture specifics and floating-point number usage result in increased computational operations complexity. For this reason, a more lightweight type of neural networks is widely used when it comes to edge devices, such as microcomputers or microcontrollers – Binary Neural Networks (BNNs). Like other DNNs, BNNs are vulnerable to adversarial attacks; even a small perturbation to the input set may lead to an errant output. Unfortunately, only a few approaches have been proposed for verifying …

Enhancing Cybersecurity In Wireless Sensor Networks: Machine Learning, Blockchain And Future Perspectives, Ilemona Solomon Atawodi

Dissertations

Security in the Industrial Internet of Things encounters various security issues but the main issues can be broken down into three core issues: Availability, Integrity, and Confidentiality. Security challenges generally tend to be caused by a failure of the system in one of these areas or cause a failure in one of these areas. Therefore researching scalable solutions to these security issues is prudent to explore methods that could be applied to large-scale industrial IIoT with tens to hundreds of devices as well as small-scale systems on a tiny factory floor comprising of just a few devices. In our research, …

Building A Wireless Electronic Control Unit For An Electric Vehicle, Hector S. Sosa

2024 Spring Honors Capstone Projects - Archive

Modern vehicles have a variety of features such remote start systems, advance drive assist systems, smart suspension systems, and a feature rich infotainment system. With all this technology in the car, there exists a complex network of computers working together in conjunction to deliver the modern driving experience that many people have today. To be competitive in the market, auto manufacturers are tasked to add additional features to vehicles by adding additional or modifying electronic control units (ECUs). In this study, an ECU will be designed for a mock electric vehicle which contains an already established network of ECU’s. The …

Fin Design Topology Optimization For Direct Liquid Cooling Of Multichip Power Modules, Aniket Ajay Ladd, Eric Roman, Yue Zhao, William P. King, Nenad Miljkovic

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

This article demonstrates the use of topology optimization (TO) to generate optimal fin designs capable of high heat flux removal without increasing the pumping power. We use pseudo-3-D modeling validated against 3-D simulations for thermal-hydraulic performance, which reduces the computational intensity and allows for a wider range of designs to be considered. The accuracy of the pseudo-3-D modeling is aided by allowing the heat transfer coefficient to vary locally with the flow conditions, in contrast to other studies that often assume constant heat transfer coefficient independent of surface shape. We generated TO designs with density fields representing six different conventional …

Comprehensive Current Flow Modeling And Circuit Parameter Analysis For A Brushed Dc Motor Regenerative Braking System, Caleb Nathaniel Bondy

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The literature surrounding regenerative braking systems deals heavily with control system analysis and less to do with the electrical analysis of the circuitry itself. This thesis develops a step-by-step current flow model for a single-phase brushed DC motor regenerative braking system using the RL unit step-response equation as a starting point. This model and the equations derived from it will be analyzed to see what limitations arise from the circuitry on the overall performance of the system, such as non-ideal resistances, switching delays, and affects from current draw of accessory circuitry. The efficiency will be calculated in the context of …

Neural Network Based Digital Twin For A Half-Bridge Llc Resonant Converter, Nicholas Green

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This paper introduces a Neural Network based approach for creating a Digital Twin of a Half-Bridge LLC Resonant Converter. By using a set of measured inputs, the Digital Twin system can characterize the component values, and hard to measure switch characteristics such as the Junction Temperature or Gate-Source Capacitance. This capability is useful for reliability or health applications, and may also be useful for adaptive control. A case study is done for the LLC Resonant converter designed around an operating point. Data sweeps around that operating point are simulated to form a dataset. An introduction to Neural Networks is given …

Multi-Task Learning For Hybrid Communication Waveforms: Exploring Model Enhancement Techniques And Establishing Task Relationships, Saksham Dewan

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Wireless communications have become ubiquitous, enabling seamless connectivity and driv- ing innovations across various domains. As we look to the future, visible light communication (VLC) is a promising technology that offers the potential to revolutionize how we transmit and receive data. It seamlessly integrates multiple functionalities, including localization, control/sensing, and high-speed data transmission.This thesis proposes a multi-task learning deep convolutional neural network approach to optimize a hybrid waveform for VLC-enabled networks. By integrating Beacon Posi- tion Modulation (BPM), Beacon Phase Shift Keying (BPSK), and OFDM symbols within a virtual Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) envelope, this waveform supports localization, control/sensing, and …

Radio Frequency Interference (Rfi) Detection In Microwave Radiometry Using Multi-Dimensional Data Mining Techniques, Fathima Imara Mohamed Nazar

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Measurements of natural electromagnetic radiation from Earth using microwave radiometers provide deep insight into our planet and its environmental conditions. These insights are essential for quantifying, understanding, and predicting various geophysical processes, such as climate patterns, water cycles, carbon cycles, and more. These passive measurements are diverse and cover a wide range of frequencies, depending on the sensitivity of microwave radiation to changes in important geophysical parameters. However, it is important to note that the microwave spectrum is also utilized by active services, such as wireless communication networks and radars. As a result, Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) in the measurements …

Investigation Of Pra For Rapid Part Replacement, John Lazenby

Honors Theses

As the electronics industry transitions to using commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) devices of increasingly smaller technologies, radiation effects analysis becomes more significant in mission planning. In this work a probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) program, RadSTATS, is used in the analysis of various COTS memories in a radiation environment. The probabilities that the bits in memory will be flipped due to single event upset (SEU) rates are calculated for each memory, volatile and non-volatile. The unavailability of bits was discovered to increase with increasing storage capacity. Methods of error detection and correction (EDAC) between the same manufacturer were seen to decrease at unavailability …

The National Center For Reliable Electric Power Transmission Test Facility, Anna Corbitt, Wesley G. Schwartz, Chris Farnell, Juan Carlos Balda, H. Alan Mantooth

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Globally, new technological solutions are being studied and developed by researchers in the field of power and energy systems. Before these solutions can be integrated into society as marketable products, thorough testing and validation of the design must be conducted. The National Center for Reliable Electric Power Transmission (NCREPT) is a unique high-power test facility located at the University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA. NCREPT is a 12,000-square-foot laboratory space capable of testing power levels up to 6 MVA and offers testing at both the 480 V and 13.8 kV levels. NCREPT's capabilities expand outside of the scope of simply …

Phasor-Domain Short-Circuit Analysis Of Power Transmission Systems In The Presence Of Inverter-Based Resources, Dol Kunwar

All Theses

Although a power system is nonlinear during healthy operation because of constant power loads and controlled power injections from the sources, a conventional power system fed by synchronous generators is linear during fault, and can be represented by bus impedance matrix (Z-bus), which is useful in power system analyses such as short circuit (SC) analysis. However, With increasing penetration of inverter-based resources (IBRs) in the system, the assumption of linearity of the faulted network does not hold. This impacts the analyses relying on Z-bus and Thevenin’s equivalent impedance (TEI), such as certain protection schemes set using short circuit analysis. Therefore, …

Hierarchical Power Converter Physical Design, Tristan Mark Evans

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The field of power electronics is undergoing rapid advancement that is driven by the need for further electrification in all aspects of power generation and transmission, transportation, and consumer goods. Recent advances in wide bandgap (WBG) semiconductor technologies continue to push their adoption in systems with higher power densities and conversion efficiencies. However, the way in which the components of these systems are designed has not kept pace with the rapidly evolving landscape of their applications and often requires costly, manual design iteration. Therefore, new methods are needed to improve this design process. Packaging of power devices is a critical …

Summonable Construction Delivery Robot, Kevin M. Lewis

Honors Capstones

In many different construction industries, there is a need for tools, parts, and other necessary items to be transported quickly and efficiently over various types of terrain. Human resources have often been used to address these needs, which can become very time and cost inefficient over long periods. The design proposal here is aimed at addressing this need by developing an autonomous outdoor mobile robot based on a quadrupedal robot design. This approach differs by incorporating a wheeled and quadrupedal hybrid actuation system that provides terrain negotiation and speed at the appropriate times. The team uses Robot Operating System (ROS) …