Electrical and Computer Engineering Commons^™

Ion Irradiation Of Microelectromechanical Resonators, Hengky Chandrahalim, David D. Lynes

AFIT Patents

A method of enhancing an electromechanical coupling coefficient of a microelectromechanical (“MEMS”) device. The method includes applying, to a fully fabricated MEMS device, heavy particle ion radiation to the MEMS device at a fluence of at least 1×10¹⁴ cm.⁻². According to other embodiments of the present invention are directed to a bandpass filter comprising a plurality of MEMS devices fabricated in accordance with the methods provided. The MEMS of the plurality are electronically or mechanically coupled.

A Storm-Ai Primer With An Operationally Representative Example, Shiu-Kai Chin, Matthew Clark, Garrett Katz, Jae C. Oh, William Young

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - All Scholarship

A STORM-AI Primer with an Operationally Representative Example presents the Systems-Theoretic Technical and Operational Risk Management with Artificial Intelligence (STORM-AI) methodology, a transdisciplinary framework for establishing the trustworthiness of mission systems that may incorporate AI components. The core value proposition of STORM-AI is mission assurance—ensuring that mission systems behave with the predictability and proportionality required by senior leadership and demanded by international humanitarian law. STORM-AI achieves this by faithfully preserving commander's intent from high-level mission descriptions down to hardware-level behavioral specifications through a structured sequence of four formally grounded models: a Mission Model, a Protection (Loss Control) Model, a Security …

An Access-Control Logic In Hol (Trindemossen 2), Shiu-Kai Chin

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - All Scholarship

This manual documents the embedding of an access-control logic (ACL) — as presented in the textbook Access Control, Security, and Trust: A Logical Approach (Chin and Older, 2011) — within the Cambridge Higher-Order Logic theorem prover HOL-4. The logic is a multi-agent modal logic with Kripke semantics. Its purpose is to reason about authentication, authorization, integrity, security, and trust. The inference rules of the ACL are proved to be sound. The inference rules are a command-and-control (C2) calculus. The value of the ACL is its support for rigorous, verified, and trustworthy policies for complete mediation, i.e., where all actions are …

Decarbonizing Electrical Substations: An Integrative Review Of Green Technologies And Sustainable Practices Across The Infrastructure Life Cycle, Sulthan Syah Ali, Mohammed Ali Berawi, Mustika Sari

Smart City

Decarbonization of electrical infrastructure s becoming increasingly important in efforts to meet climate change mitigation targets, particularly in reducing emissions from substations. However, conventional substations continue to release significant quantities of GHG emissions throughout their life cycle As an example, a typical 500 kV substation emits around 150,000 tCO2e from construction to decommissioning. In addition, the development of green substation concepts remains limited, particularly in Indonesia where standardized approaches are not yet established. In response to the need for more sustainable power infrastructure, this study aims to identify, classify, and review all types of green technologies, practices, and innovations that …

Adaptive Intervention Strategies In Co-Evolving Multiplex Networks: A Reinforcement Learning Approach To Real-Time Misinformation Containment, Anjali Ashokrao Bhadre Dr., Harshvardhan Prabhakar Ghongade Dr.

Northeast Journal of Complex Systems (NEJCS)

The growing transmission of misinformation via social media creates serious challenges to public health, democracy and social cohesion. To date, methods used to contain misinformation rely upon static representations of networks and set rules for interventions. In contrast, this study presents the first Multiplex Adaptive Reinforcement Intervention Network (MARIN), a framework for real-time adaptive intervention in the context of dynamic misinformation transmission using co-evolving multiplex networks and deep reinforcement learning. Unlike past studies that have assumed static network structures, MARIN has the ability to allow for dynamic changes in network topology as a result of both misinformation transmission and intervention …

Techno-Economic And Environmental Analysis Of Wind-Powered Green Hydrogen Production In Nigeria, Ignatius Kema Okakwu, Ayodeji Akinsoji Okubanjo, Samson Oladayo Ayanlade, Akintunde Samson Alayande, Solomon Olanrewaju Giwa, Abraham Olatide Amole, Etinosa Noma-Osaghe, Ajibola Oluwafemi Oyedeji

Al-Bahir

Green hydrogen is becoming a viable option for clean energy, and the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions has also become a popular sustainable energy source. In this paper, we evaluate the technoeconomic and environmental feasibility of green hydrogen production from wind energy in five Nigerian cities: Kano, Jos, Maiduguri, Ikeja, and Ikorodu. Energy potential from wind energy is estimated by using the Weibull distribution method, and six wind turbines are used to calculate electricity generation and hydrogen production. Economics of wind power are estimated through levelized cost of energy (LCOE), levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH), payback period (PBP), and …

Load Profile Analysis And Forecasting For Rural Mini Grids In Uganda, Prossy Mutesi, Santos L. Kihwele, Emmanuel S. Matee

Tanzania Journal of Science

Accurate load forecasting is essential for the reliable and cost-effective operation of rural mini grids, where constrained generation capacity and high penetration of renewable energy resources require well-informed operational decisions. This study examines electricity demand characteristics and forecasting performance for the Buzaami and Ssenyondo mini grids in Uganda, with particular focus on diurnal load profiles, peak demand behavior, and seasonal variability. 2022 operational data show extended peak demand from early morning to late evening, driven by socio-economic activities that strain resource scheduling and reliability management. To address these challenges, the study evaluates and compares Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, fuzzy …

Modelling And Analysis Of 50 Mwp Solar Pv Integration Into Tanzania’S Transmission Network: A Case Study Of Tagamenda Substation, Iringa Region, Santos Kihwele

Tanzania Journal of Science

While increasing the share of renewable energy in the grid, grid integration studies for the utility solar photovoltaic (PV) plants are vital, given their intermittency and the fact that Tanzania has never had one connected to the grid. This paper presents a 50 MWp grid integration study, including a technical analysis conducted using PSS®E software. The study investigates the grid behaviour during the integration of the 50 MWp solar plant, considering the most suitable technical and economic solutions. The study analysed the load flow under normal conditions, contingency analysis (N-1), short- circuit analysis, and voltage stability assessment. The results show …

Robust Real-Time Uav Target Tracking With Onboard Vision-Based Yaw Control, Rylan Malarchick, Jose Castelblanco, Enrique Amaya, Carmen Dimario, Graysen Brinkman, Chirag Kumar, Kiwon Yoon, Sajid Berhane

Beyond: Undergraduate Research Journal

Autonomous tracking of agile unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) presents significant challenges for real-time perception and control systems. This work presents AIRHOUND (Autonomous Intelligent Rotorcraft for Hostile Object Unified Navigation and Detection), a UAV platform implementing vision-based yaw tracking through a modular ROS2 software architecture. The system employs YOLOv8 object detection optimized with NVIDIA TensorRT for embedded deployment on an NVIDIA Jetson Orin companion computer. Detected targets are processed through a geometric tracking module that converts pixel coordinates to angular yaw errors using pinhole camera intrinsics, with a proportional controller generating rate-limited yaw commands. These commands are streamed to a PX4 …

The Dynamics Of Educational Change: A Complex Systems Perspective, Preethi Nanjundan, Lijo Thomas, Abith K. Sunil

Northeast Journal of Complex Systems (NEJCS)

The perception of university teachers toward educational reforms plays an important role in determining the success of changes introduced in the education sector. This study focuses on teachers’ attitudes toward change, their emotional responses, and their overall views on educational reforms. Across the world, many educational reforms have failed to achieve their expected outcomes in improving teaching practices and student learning. As education systems are highly complex, the approach toward implementing reforms has also changed over time. Some reforms are introduced gradually, while others involve major innovations within the system. Complexity theory provides useful insights and tools that help educators …

Literature Landscape Of Government, Academic, And Industry Efforts In Responsible, Secure, And Trustworthy Ai, Jae C. Oh, Shiu-Kai Chin, Garrett Katz, William E. Young, Matt Clark

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - All Scholarship

This report presents a systematic analysis of 54,628 AI research papers published between 2021 and 2025, examining the extent to which current government, academic, and industry efforts address the trustworthiness requirements of mission-critical AI systems. Papers were classified along two dimensions: organizational tier (from AI model to mission/business pro- cess) using NIST SP 800-39, and systems engineering lifecycle phase using ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288. Classification combined automated LLM-assisted screening with human validation, achieving inter-rater reliability measured by Krippendorff’s α and Gwet’s AC1. Only 16.8% of papers examined addressed any aspect of AI trustworthiness, reliability, or security, and virtually all were concentrated at …

An Instance Segmentation Based Global Mppt Method For Pv Systems Under Partial Shading Condition, Ehab Ur Rahman, Yousef Mahmoud, Rui Bo

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Partial shading in photovoltaic (PV) systems creates multiple Local Maximum Power Points (LMPPs) on the power-voltage (P-V) curve, causing conventional Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithms to converge prematurely to suboptimal operating points and resulting in significant energy losses. This work proposes a novel vision-based framework that integrates computer vision with Global Maximum Power Point Tracking (GMPPT) to maximize energy harvesting in partially shaded PV systems. The proposed method captures real-time imagery of PV panels to identify cell-level shading patterns, which are subsequently mapped to module electrical characteristics to enable direct analytical estimation of the GMPP voltage. An instance segmentation …

Converting Co2 Into Carbon Nanotubes Via Sequential Co2 Methanation And Methane Pyrolysis, Kaiying Wang, Hao Feng, Ahmad Helaley, Xiaoqing He, Bohong Zhang, Jie Huang, Xinhua Liang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This study presents a sequential thermochemical catalytic process for converting CO₂ into carbon nanotubes (CNTs), achieving nearly 99% overall CO₂ conversion and solid carbon yields of up to 49% in a single pass. The overall transformation is divided into two thermodynamically favorable steps: (1) low-temperature CO₂ methanation to CH₄ over a sol-gel-prepared Ni87Ce_6.5Zr_6.5-SG catalyst, which achieved >95% CO₂ conversion at 250 °C in a single pass, and (2) subsequent methane pyrolysis to CNTs and H₂ over a Ni@Al₂O₃-IE core-shell catalyst, which showed improved stability and carbon …

Energy Efficient Load Balancing In Multi-Band Cellular Networks Via Reinforcement Learning, Ahmed Shoukry El Soukkary

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis investigates energy-efficient load balancing in homogeneous multi-band cellular networks through the joint design of user association (UA) and transmit power allocation (PA). The original mixed-integer nonlinear formulation is decomposed into two coupled yet tractable subproblems: a UA stage and a PA stage for high-frequency bands. For UA, a SINR-ratio-based heuristic is proposed to prioritize users that are most sensitive to suboptimal band assignments, and it is benchmarked against a Max- SINR baseline. For PA, the high-band power control problem is addressed using reinforcement learning, where a Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) agent learns power levels and band-activation decisions under …

Rapid-Prototyping Nanofabrication: Lcd-Based Projection Lithography And Physical Vapor Deposition, Sabeel Saleem Mohammmed

University Honors Theses

The semiconductor industry's continued growth, driven in large part by demand for artificial intelligence hardware, has highlighted the need for greater workforce development in regions adjacent to major fabrication centers like Oregon's Silicon Forest. This capstone project lays the groundwork for a small scale and student led semiconductor fabrication lab at Portland State University by demonstrating two of the core steps in chip manufacturing: photolithography and thin film deposition. Rather than relying on conventional fixed reticles, this work explores a unique, low cost approach to patterning that uses an ultraviolet-compatible liquid crystal display (LCD) as a programmable reticle, allowing arbitrary …

Universal Communications Module: Converting Ieee2030.5 Xml Files To Ansi/Cta-2045, Wyatt Bilodeaux

University Honors Theses

The goal of this thesis is to discuss the method and organization of the Universal Communication module capstone project. This project was part of the Portland State University Electrical engineering degree program. While this thesis is part of the University honors curriculum. This thesis goes into detail about team structure and how a 9 person engineering capstone project was managed and organized. It looks at how we broke down the project into sections to be able to properly distribute our resources. This was one of the earliest and most important challenges that this capstone team had to tackle. This was …

Mixed-Signal Intergrated Circuit Design And Fabrication, Jack Demeulemeester, Aris Ozark, Alan Rieger

Electrical and Computer Engineering Senior Theses

Integrated circuit design is a key aspect of the quickly-growing semiconductor industry. Familiarity with high-level design, layout, and validation is critical for students seeking an industrial or academic career in the field. Learning full-stack design at an academic institution is made difficult by the amount of resources required and limited timeframe. In this project, we develop a thermometer-coded digital-to-analog converter from concept to fabrication as a means to create a new integrated circuit design and fabrication course at Santa Clara University. We also develop a design flow using software from Cadence Design Systems and the 250 nm CMOS process node …

Educational Smart Ai Multi-Functional Robot, Chengxu Tang, Jiayan Wen, Bill Zhang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Senior Theses

Over the past decade, advances in embedded computing, robotics frameworks, and AI have significantly lowered the barrier to developing intelligent robotic systems. Some single board computers such as the Raspberry Pi are now capable of running operating systems like Ubuntu and frameworks such as ROS2, allowing us to build robots that can perform tasks including autonomous navigation, computer vision, sensor fusion, and speech interaction. As a result, technologies that were once limited to large research labs are becoming increasingly accessible in educational and lower level research environments.

At the same time, recent developments in AI have changed expectations for how …

Ora (Oneball Robotic Arm), Isabella Murillo, Juan Pablo Fernandez Garza, Gabriel Kotab, Catherine Epstein

Electrical and Computer Engineering Senior Theses

Confined spaces are dangerous and awkward to navigate environments, often putting those who work in them at risk. To reduce effort and human exposure to these hazards, robotic systems can be used to navigate and inspect these areas to limit, or even eliminate the need for human presence in confined spaces. This project proposes an autonomous robot that can navigate confined spaces while sending data back to the user. The robot features a spherical body that is capable of a zero rotational axis, with an external, magnetically attached head. This head contains scanners or tools that the user can remotely …

Investigation Of Electrochemical Transport, Gate Leakage, And Transconductance Behavior In Pedot:Pss Organic Electrochemical Transistors, Vinay Bhudhraja, Bilal Khan, Abijeet Mehta

Health & Biomedical Sciences Faculty Publications

Organic Electrochemical Transistors (OECTs) are promising candidates for low-voltage bioelectronic systems due to their high transconductance, mixed ionic–electronic transport, and compatibility with flexible substrates. In this work, we investigate the electrochemical transport, gate leakage, and transconductance behavior of screen-printed PEDOT:PSS OECTs, with emphasis on the relationship between ionic coupling and output characteristics. Key electrical and electrochemical parameters—including drain current modulation, transconductance evolution, gate current behavior, and capacitance–voltage response—were systematically analyzed to elucidate the mechanisms governing device operation. The results reveal clear trade-offs between parasitic resistance, volumetric electrochemical capacitance, and effective gate control, which in turn influence signal integrity and amplification …

Enhanced Uav Surveillance With Rf-Based Drone Identification Using Transfer Learning, Prajoy Podder, Maciej Jan Zawodniok, Sanjay Madria

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

With the development of technology and the decrease in costs, drones are now becoming easily accessible to the public. As the accessibility of this technology continues to grow, the concerns of security and surveillance increase, and to ensure a sense of security, the need to have reliable drone detection and identification systems is more urgent than ever. Besides, many civilian applications have been found for drones, which play a huge role in modern security and warfare. Unauthorized drones can be very dangerous regarding security issues, as they can be used for spying, smuggling, or even attacks against critical infrastructure. We …

Matching Two Long Interferometric Pathlengths Using Low Temporal Coherence Light For Finding Hong–Ou–Mandel Dip, Keith A. Wyman, Noah S. Everett, Anil K. Patnaik

Faculty Publications

Hong–Ou–Mandel (HOM) dip from a biphoton source in a two-photon interferometer provides a myriad of quantum tools for quantum communication and sensing. But the stringent requirements for spatial coherence between the photon pair makes it prohibitively difficult to observe high-fidelity HOM dip in long-distance free-space implementations, e.g., for the photon pairs involved in quantum communication need to match the two path lengths within a few 10 s of micron because of the short coherence width of the two-photon wave-packet. While many techniques for the pathlength balancing of two interferometric arms have been studied and applied extensively, such balancing is further …

Decoding Stock Market Movements: The Role Of Unemployment And Volatility, Bipllab Roy, Suparna Bhattacharjee

Northeast Journal of Complex Systems (NEJCS)

This study investigates how unemployment and market volatility interact with stock prices in the Indian context, framing the stock–labour–volatility nexus as a complex adaptive system (CAS) rather than a set of linear, time-invariant relationships. Using verified secondary data on unemployment, India VIX, and NSE stock indices for 2013–2023, we first apply simple and multiple regression as a descriptive baseline. Results show a strong negative association between unemployment and stock prices (R ≈ 0.824, R² ≈ 0.68, p < 0.05), consistent with Keynesian demand-side channels, while the linear VIX–stock relationship is weak and statistically insignificant (R² ≈ 0.07, p > 0.05), consistent with the expectation that volatility operates through non-linear, regime-dependent mechanisms not captured by OLS.

Importantly, we document and transparently disclose critical …

Competitions Among Stations In Ieee 802.11be Networks, Jun Peng

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

The IEEE 802.11be standard aims for the next-generation applications that demand connections of extremely high bandwidth and low latency. It is the basis for Wi-Fi 7. An IEEE 802.11be device can operate in the 2.4, 5, and 6 GHz frequency bands simultaneously under the multi-link operation (MLO) mode. In the 6 GHz band, it can use a channel width up to 320 MHz. Its QAM-constellation can have up to 4096 states. Some of its other features include multiple resource units (MRU), preamble puncturing, and enhanced security. This paper shows the competitions among the stations in an IEEE 802.11be network with …

Design And Parametric Testing Of A Transimpedance Amplifier For Low-Power Biomedical Applications, Stanlon Tan, William Chung, Brandon Wu

Electrical Engineering

This project developed and evaluated an optical sensing system for detecting changes associated with glucose concentration. The system combined a laser-diode, cuvette sample holder, photodiode, resistive-feedback transimpedance amplifier, high-resolution analog-to-digital converter, and microcontroller. Parametric testing evaluated the effects of input current and feedback resistance on transimpedance gain, output range, and linearity. Firmware was developed to configure the ADC, average repeated conversions, monitor measurement variation, convert raw digital counts into voltage using a source-meter calibration equation, and compare sample measurements with a water reference. A cuvette enclosure maintained alignment between the laser-diode, sample, and photodiode while reducing external optical interference. Testing …

Performance Evaluation Of Roadside Unit-Assisted Wireless Communication For Connected Vehicles, Keyrollos A. Hanna, Ethan M. Nguyen

Electrical Engineering

This project presents the design and implementation of a wireless communication network intended to improve situational awareness between vehicles and reduce the likelihood of multivehicle collisions. Two TurtleBot3 Burger platforms equipped with Raspberry Pi computers were used to simulate vehicles operating within a shared environment. Communication latency and packet loss were evaluated under multiple operating conditions, including direct vehicle-to-vehicle communication and communication assisted by a roadside unit (RSU). The results were analyzed to determine whether the proposed system could transmit warning messages with sufficient speed and reliability for collision prevention applications. The project demonstrates the feasibility of low-cost vehicle communication …

Simulation Of Silicon Neurons With Memristive Synapses For Ai Accelerators, Marcus Ivey, Kelvin Shi

Electrical Engineering

This project seeks to design and simulate a neuromorphic spiking neural network (SNN) that implements the logical AND and logical OR operation through the interaction of a Leaky Integrate-and-Fire (LIF) output neuron and memristive synapses modeled using the Biolek formulation. Two pulsed inputs are transmitted through memristive devices whose conductance serves as the synaptic weights. A supervised Hebbian training strategy, implemented in MATLAB, is employed to adjust the synaptic conductance according to the Hebbian delta rule. The proposed framework demonstrates how elementary logical computation may arise from biologically motivated learning processes embedded in hardware-realistic neuromorphic circuits. The study provides a …

Wildlife Tracking Via Uav&Rf, Nam Ah Nguyen

Electrical Engineering

Animal tracking collars transmit very-high-frequency (VHF) beacon signals so researchers can locate tagged wildlife in terrain where direct visual tracking is difficult. This project develops a radio-frequency (RF) wildlife tracking prototype in which a UAV carries a receiving antenna and receiver over the search area to detect the collar signal and send measurements to a ground station. A transmitter test device was built to emulate a tracking collar. An STM32 microcontroller reads keypad input, controls a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), tunes a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) to the selected VHF frequency, and sends the RF signal through an amplifier and antenna. The …

Uav Trio Formations For Aerial Pest Deterrence With Vision-Based Bird Monitoring, Benjamin Andrew Ly, Chris Kwon, Christian Joseph Macaranas

Electrical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Pv Performance Evaluation Study At Cal Poly Solar Farm, Eva Paola D. Calderon

Electrical Engineering

This photovoltaic (PV) system performance evaluation study aims to assess the performance of Cal Poly’s Gold Tree Solar Farm, which produces 4.5MW of solar energy. The evaluation concerns itself with the reliability of the PV system that can be affected by weather conditions, component malfunctions, and degradation of the PV modules. Under the International Energy Agency Photovoltaic Power Systems (IEA-PVPS) Task 13 objectives of reliability and maintenance, this study is necessary to contribute towards improvements in analysis and mitigation strategies for long term usage. Existing operational monitoring data from 2018 to 2025 is the focus timespan, providing real world data …