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Full-Text Articles in Computer Engineering

Investigation Of Information Security Incidents In The Enterprise, Fayzullajon Botirov Jun 2023

Investigation Of Information Security Incidents In The Enterprise, Fayzullajon Botirov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

This article analyzes the concept of investigating information security incidents and the processes of responsibility for their commission, checking the place where the incident occurred, collecting and storing their data, as well as organizing the investigation of information security incidents at the enterprise.


Synthesis Of Control Systems With Multilayer Neural Networks Based On Velocity Gradient Methods, Oxunjon Boborayimov, Okyay Kaynak Jun 2023

Synthesis Of Control Systems With Multilayer Neural Networks Based On Velocity Gradient Methods, Oxunjon Boborayimov, Okyay Kaynak

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

In this manuscripts, the synthesis of control systems with multilayer neural networks based on the speed gradient methods is given. For adjusting the weight coefficients of the base processor element, the gradient method of minimizing the learning criterion is used. A procedure for the synthesis of neural network control systems based on the velocity gradient methods has been developed. This guarantees the stabilization of the system under external limited disturbances that are inaccessible to direct measurement. Taking into account the state vector of the control object in the network learning function ensures the consistency of the processes of setting the …


The Potential Of The Implementation Of Offline Robotic Programming Into Automation-Related Pedagogy, Max Rios Carballo, Xavier Brown Jun 2023

The Potential Of The Implementation Of Offline Robotic Programming Into Automation-Related Pedagogy, Max Rios Carballo, Xavier Brown

Publications and Research

In this study, the offline programming tool RoboDK is used to program industrial robots for the automation sector. The study explores the feasibility of using this non-disruptive robot programming software for classroom use; assesses how well RoboDK can be used to program various robots used in the industry; creates and tests various applications; and pinpoints technical obstacles that prevent a smooth link between offline programming and actual robots. Initial results indicate that RoboDK is an effective tool for deploying its offline programming code to a Universal Robot, UR3e. There are many potential for advanced applications. The goal of the project …


Introducing Ros-Projects To Undergraduate Robotic Curriculum, Lili Ma, Yu Wang, Chen Xu, Xiaohai Li Jun 2023

Introducing Ros-Projects To Undergraduate Robotic Curriculum, Lili Ma, Yu Wang, Chen Xu, Xiaohai Li

Publications and Research

This paper describes three MATLAB-ROS-based simulation projects developed for an undergraduate robotics course. The Robot Operating System (ROS) is an open-source framework that helps researchers and developers build and reuse code between robotics applications. Adoption of ROS in the undergraduate curricula is still rare due to its demanding requirements of C++/Python/Java programming skills and familiarity with Linux. Recently, MathWorks released its ROS Toolbox, making it easier to interact with simulators like the Gazebo and ROS-supported physical robots. The MATLAB-ROS-Gazebo simulation platform allows students to utilize other MATLAB Toolboxes, such as Image Processing, Computer Vision, Visualization, and Navigation Toolboxes, for fast …


Development Of A Raspberry Pi-Controlled Vex Robot For A Robotics Technology Course, Lili Ma, Justin Bartholomew, Yu Wang, Xiaohai Li Jun 2023

Development Of A Raspberry Pi-Controlled Vex Robot For A Robotics Technology Course, Lili Ma, Justin Bartholomew, Yu Wang, Xiaohai Li

Publications and Research

This paper describes the development of a Raspberry PI-controlled VEX robot for an undergraduate robotic course. The Raspberry PI controls the mobile base built using the VEX robotics kit without using the Cortex micro-controller that comes with the kit. The aim is to create a physical robot that is manageable, easily replicable, and capable of performing advanced robotic control tasks such as vision-based control.

The constructed robot adopts the great features of the PI and the VEX hardware. Firstly, the VEX hardware consists of various sensors and actuators for students to practice the construction and assembly of an autonomous robot. …


On Sparse Coding As An Alternate Transform In Video Coding, Michael G. Schimpf Jun 2023

On Sparse Coding As An Alternate Transform In Video Coding, Michael G. Schimpf

Engineering Ph.D. Theses

In video compression, specifically in the prediction process, a residual signal is calculated by subtracting the predicted from the original signal, which represents the error of this process. This residual signal is usually transformed by a discrete cosine transform (DCT) from the pixel, into the frequency domain. It is then quantized, which filters more or less high frequencies (depending on a quality parameter). The quantized signal is then entropy encoded usually by a context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding engine (CABAC), and written into a bitstream. In the decoding phase the process is reversed. DCT and quantization in combination are efficient tools, …


Assessment Of E-Senses Performance Through Machine Learning Models For Colombian Herbal Teas Classification, Jeniffer Katerine Carrillo, Cristhian Manuel Durán, Juan Martin Cáceres, Carlos Alberto Cuastumal, Jordana Ferreira, José Ramos, Brian Bahder, Martin Oates, Antonio Ruiz Jun 2023

Assessment Of E-Senses Performance Through Machine Learning Models For Colombian Herbal Teas Classification, Jeniffer Katerine Carrillo, Cristhian Manuel Durán, Juan Martin Cáceres, Carlos Alberto Cuastumal, Jordana Ferreira, José Ramos, Brian Bahder, Martin Oates, Antonio Ruiz

CCE Faculty Articles

This paper describes different E-Senses systems, such as Electronic Nose, Electronic Tongue, and Electronic Eyes, which were used to build several machine learning models and assess their performance in classifying a variety of Colombian herbal tea brands such as Albahaca, Frutos Verdes, Jaibel, Toronjil, and Toute. To do this, a set of Colombian herbal tea samples were previously acquired from the instruments and processed through multivariate data analysis techniques (principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis) to feed the support vector machine, K-nearest neighbors, decision trees, naive Bayes, and random forests algorithms. The results of the E-Senses were validated using …


An Empirical Investigation Of Network Topology On Majority Illusion, Behavior Adoption, And Polarization, Sreeja Sreekantan Nair Jun 2023

An Empirical Investigation Of Network Topology On Majority Illusion, Behavior Adoption, And Polarization, Sreeja Sreekantan Nair

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Social influence plays a significant role in shaping opinions and behaviors both online and inthe physical world. The ways in which we interact with others and the information we receive can significantly influence our beliefs and attitudes towards different issues. While online social media provide platforms for such interactions, the underlying network structure can impact various social influence phenomena, including majority illusion, behavior adoption, and polarization.

This dissertation examines the role of network topology in three social influence processes:majority illusion, behavior adoption, and polarization. The majority illusion refers to a perception bias that occurs when individuals believe that an opinion …


Only Pick Once-Multi-Object Picking Algorithms For Picking Exact Number Of Objects Efficiently, Zihe Ye Jun 2023

Only Pick Once-Multi-Object Picking Algorithms For Picking Exact Number Of Objects Efficiently, Zihe Ye

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Picking up multiple objects at once is a grasping skill that makes a human worker efficient in many domains. However, the State of Arts Robot Grasping skill has not developed such ability to compete with human.This paper presents a system to pick a requested number of objects by only picking once (OPO). The proposed Only-Pick-Once System (OPOS) contains several graph-based algorithms that convert the layout of objects into a graph, cluster nodes in the graph, rank and select candidate clusters based on their topology. OPOS also has a multi-object picking predictor based on a convolutional neural network for estimating how …


A Flexible Ot Testbed For Evaluating On-Device Implementations Of Iec-61850 Goose, Matthew Boeding, Michael Hempel, Hamid Sharif, Juan Lopez Jr., Kalyan Perumalla Jun 2023

A Flexible Ot Testbed For Evaluating On-Device Implementations Of Iec-61850 Goose, Matthew Boeding, Michael Hempel, Hamid Sharif, Juan Lopez Jr., Kalyan Perumalla

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

The growing convergence of Information Technology and Operational Technology has enhanced communication and visibility across power grids. This, coupled with the growing use of Distributed Energy Resources in power grids, has enhanced the grid capabilities while also creating a larger attack surface for malicious actors. A common protocol vulnerable to these attacks is the IEC-61850 GOOSE protocol due to its low-latency requirements, multicast packet delivery method, and lack of encryption. In this paper, we evaluate the security implications of different hardware implementations of this protocol by contrasting device response and recovery of two commercial off-the-shelf Intelligent Electronic Devices from separate …


User Profiling Through Zero-Permission Sensors And Machine Learning, Ahmed Elhussiny Jun 2023

User Profiling Through Zero-Permission Sensors And Machine Learning, Ahmed Elhussiny

Theses and Dissertations

With the rise of mobile and pervasive computing, users are often ingesting content on the go. Services are constantly competing for attention in a very crowded field. It is only logical that users would allot their attention to the services that are most likely to adapt to their needs and interests. This matter becomes trivial when users create accounts and explicitly inform the services of their demographics and interests. Unfortunately, due to privacy and security concerns, and due to the fast nature of computing today, users see the registration process as an unnecessary hurdle to bypass, effectively refusing to provide …


Pii-Codex: A Python Library For Pii Detection, Categorization, And Severity Assessment, Eidan J. Rosado Jun 2023

Pii-Codex: A Python Library For Pii Detection, Categorization, And Severity Assessment, Eidan J. Rosado

CCE Faculty Articles

[Summary] There have been a number of advancements in the detection of personal identifiable information (PII) and scrubbing libraries to aid developers and researchers in their detection and anonymization efforts. With the recent shift in data handling procedures and global policy implementations regarding identifying information, it is becoming more important for data consumers to be aware of what data needs to be scrubbed, why it’s being scrubbed, and to have the means to perform said scrubbing. PII-Codex is a collection of extended theoretical, conceptual, and policy works in PII categorization and severity assessment (Milne et al., 2016; Schwartz & Solove, …


Opto-Mechanical-Thermal Coupling Analysis Method And Implementation Of High-Precision Optical System, Liang Zhao, Zhigang Zhang, Yao Sun Jun 2023

Opto-Mechanical-Thermal Coupling Analysis Method And Implementation Of High-Precision Optical System, Liang Zhao, Zhigang Zhang, Yao Sun

Journal of System Simulation

High-precision optical system is easy to be affected by space environment. Under the condition of high temperature, structural load, etc., the image quality of the optical system becomes poor, and the opto-mechanical-thermal coupling analysis is needed. Due to the independent development of the optical simulation, structure simulation, thermal simulation and others, the simulation data can not be effectively coupled and transferred.An interdisciplinary coupling analysis method is proposed, in which the integrated analysis idea is adopted and the polynomial fitting is used as the interface to solve the irregular deformation of optical element surface. Through the implement of the best …


Research And Development Of Immersive Aero-Engine Scene Simulation System, Shun Yao, Zhongzhi Hu, Wenyu Cao, Jiali Yang Jun 2023

Research And Development Of Immersive Aero-Engine Scene Simulation System, Shun Yao, Zhongzhi Hu, Wenyu Cao, Jiali Yang

Journal of System Simulation

The research and development of aero-engines has the characteristics of high precision and interdiscipline. In order to reduce communication costs and to display the engine structure and the state of semi-physical simulator, by applying virtual reality technology,an immersive scene simulation system is built. By studying CAD data lightweight technology and physics-based real-time rendering technology,a rendering optimization method for similar object dynamic batching is proposed, which effectively improves the rendering frame rate. A dynamic parallax adjustment algorithm is proposed to solve the problem of dizziness when having a close look to stereoscopic images. The system achieves the …


The First Annual Teaching And Research Showcase Poster Tu Dublin – The Proof Is In The Pudding – Using Perceived Stress To Measure Short-Term Impact In Initiatives To Enhance Gender Balance In Computing Education, Alina Berry, Sarah Jane Delany Jun 2023

The First Annual Teaching And Research Showcase Poster Tu Dublin – The Proof Is In The Pudding – Using Perceived Stress To Measure Short-Term Impact In Initiatives To Enhance Gender Balance In Computing Education, Alina Berry, Sarah Jane Delany

Other resources

The problem of gender imbalance in computing higher education has forced academics and professionals to implement a wide range of initiatives. Many initiatives use recruitment or retention numbers as their most obvious evidence of impact. This type of evidence of impact is, however, more resource heavy to obtain, as well as often requires a longitudinal approach. There are many shorter term initiatives that use other ways to measure their success.

First, this poster presents with a review of existing evaluation measures in interventions to recruit and retain women in computing education across the board. Three main groups of evaluation come …


Point Cloud Surface Matching Method Based On Precise Matching Of Critical Point, Xiaojuan Ning, Chunxu Li, Jiahao Wang, Jing Tang, Yinghui Wang, Haiyan Jin Jun 2023

Point Cloud Surface Matching Method Based On Precise Matching Of Critical Point, Xiaojuan Ning, Chunxu Li, Jiahao Wang, Jing Tang, Yinghui Wang, Haiyan Jin

Journal of System Simulation

To solve the low matching efficiency and insufficient accuracy of feature-based point cloud surface matching method during critical point matching, a point cloud surface matching method based on the pairing exaction of critical points is proposed.An improved 3D scale-invariant feature transform(3D-SIFT) algorithm based on curvature information is presented to extract the critical points. Fast point feature histograms(FPFH) feature, the angle between the vector from the center to critical points and the principal direction of the model are taken as the constraints to obtain the exact critical point matching point pair set. The initial matching of the model surface is …


Agent-Based Ecosystem Simulation Research Under Forest Fire, Ying Li, Nisuo Du, Zhi Ouyang Jun 2023

Agent-Based Ecosystem Simulation Research Under Forest Fire, Ying Li, Nisuo Du, Zhi Ouyang

Journal of System Simulation

An Agent-based multi-species simulation model under forest fireis proposed to study the effect of forest fire on the balance of animal species population.By abstracting elements of each type of species and fire in the forest fire process as agents, the attributes and behavior rules of each type of agents according to the real characteristics of each type of species and forest fire are refined. ABM model is used to show the characteristics of multi-agent interaction in complex systems, and construct a multi-species forest ecological model and a forest fire model. On the basis of validating the rationality of …


Semantic Segmentation Model Based On Adaptive Fusion And Attention Refinement, Yun Wei, Qi Luo, Yingzhi Zhao Jun 2023

Semantic Segmentation Model Based On Adaptive Fusion And Attention Refinement, Yun Wei, Qi Luo, Yingzhi Zhao

Journal of System Simulation

Aiming at the insufficient use of context information and loss of detail information of the existing semantic segmentation, a model based on adaptive fusion and attention refinement is proposed.The model introduces an adaptive fusion module in the process of coding, and solves the insufficient use of context information by fusing each feature map according to the corresponding weight. An attention thinning module is designed in the process of decoding, so that the low-order features and high-order features can guide and optimize each other to solve the loss of detail information.The experimental results show that the average intersection union …


Multi-Robot Formation Control Based On Improved Virtual Spring Model, Yimei Chen, Xiaofan Shi, Baoquan Li Jun 2023

Multi-Robot Formation Control Based On Improved Virtual Spring Model, Yimei Chen, Xiaofan Shi, Baoquan Li

Journal of System Simulation

Aiming at multi-robot system being difficult to avoid obstacles and maintain formation in unknown environment, a cooperative formation obstacle avoidance control algorithm based on the improved virtual spring model is proposed.The virtual spring model is introduced on the basis of leader-follower formation approach, which solves the problems of easy touch and out of formation. The attractive elastic force formula between the robot and the target point is established, and the virtual spring model of the obstacle with adjustable damping is designed to complete the obstacle avoidance behavior of robot. Aiming at some complex concave obstacles, the concept of additional …


Learning Variable Neighborhood Search Algorithm For Transportation-Assembly Collaborative Optimization Problem, Tengfei Zhang, Rong Hu, Bin Qian, Lü Yang Jun 2023

Learning Variable Neighborhood Search Algorithm For Transportation-Assembly Collaborative Optimization Problem, Tengfei Zhang, Rong Hu, Bin Qian, Lü Yang

Journal of System Simulation

Aiming at transportation-assembly collaborative optimization problems,an integer programming model is established, and a learning variable neighborhood search with decomposition strategy (LVNS_DS) is proposed. To reduce the difficulty of solving the problem, a decomposition strategy is designed to decompose the original problem into a path planning problem and an assembly line balance problem. LVNS is used to solve the two subproblems, and the subproblem solutions are merged to obtain the complete solution of the original problem.Compared with the conventional VNS, LVNS transforms the neighborhood structure according to the neighborhood action probability value, and dynamically updates the probability value according …


Fault Indicator Configuration Optimization Based On Cooperative Game Particle Swarm Algorithm, Xu Wang, Weidong Ji, Guohui Zhou Jun 2023

Fault Indicator Configuration Optimization Based On Cooperative Game Particle Swarm Algorithm, Xu Wang, Weidong Ji, Guohui Zhou

Journal of System Simulation

In order to balance the reliability and economy of distribution network fault indicator, a multispace cooperative game particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed. Based on the idea of population space grouping, the population activity space is adaptively divided, the particle game evolution in subspace is achieved, and the game calculation of particle fusion cosine similar reverse strategy is carried out, which well balances the convergence and diversity of the algorithm. The simulation results show that the adaptive multi-space division of population is conducive to jumping out of the local extreme value, and the game calculation integrating cosine similar reverse is …


Ar-Assisted Sign Language Letter Recognition Method Based On Improved Mobilenet Network, Chunhong Liu, Song Wang, Fupan Wang, Wensheng Tang, Yunqiang Pei, Dongsheng Tian, Yadong Wu Jun 2023

Ar-Assisted Sign Language Letter Recognition Method Based On Improved Mobilenet Network, Chunhong Liu, Song Wang, Fupan Wang, Wensheng Tang, Yunqiang Pei, Dongsheng Tian, Yadong Wu

Journal of System Simulation

An AR-assisted sign language letter recognition algorithm MS-MobileNet is proposed for the problems of sign language gestures needing to be standardized and low recognition rate. A multi-scale convolution module is designed to extract the low-level features and enhance the feature extraction ability. ELU activation function is used to retain the negative feature information, which combined with a lightweight MobileNet model for the web to improve the recognition accuracy and real-time performance for mobile AR applications. Test results show that compared with the original model, the recognition accuracy of MS-MobileNet on the datasets ASL-M, NUS-II and Creative Senz3D is improved by …


Evolution Analysis Of Manufacturing Supply Chain Layout Considering Import Tax Burden And Customs Clearance Delay, Wuqiang Li Jun 2023

Evolution Analysis Of Manufacturing Supply Chain Layout Considering Import Tax Burden And Customs Clearance Delay, Wuqiang Li

Journal of System Simulation

For foreign suppliers located in the special customs supervision area of free trade zone (FTZ), they can avoid the import tax burden of the remaining inventory can be avoided, but the import clearance may affect the timeliness of supply.Considering the widespread application of pull production, evolutionary game is introduced to study the influence of import tax burden and customs clearance delay on supply chain layout in FTZ. Three evolutionary stability strategies (ESS) are researched, which can be determined by the three conditions constructed by the import tax burden and customs clearance delay. The impact of import tax burden …


Summary Of Simulation Technology And Its Application In Training Field, Zhiming Qiu, Heng Li, Yufang Zhou, Duzheng Qing Jun 2023

Summary Of Simulation Technology And Its Application In Training Field, Zhiming Qiu, Heng Li, Yufang Zhou, Duzheng Qing

Journal of System Simulation

High-tech weapons operations and battlefield environment become more and more increasingly sophisticated. It is an effective way to resolve the conflicts between huge equipment training cost and limited resources and improve training quality by building networked systematic and intelligent simulation training equipment and system and conducting systematic countermeasure simulation training based on present simulation technologies and training resources. The current situation and trend of the development of system architecture of simulation simulation modeling enemy simulation information system simulation etc are evaluated and summarized. It initially analyses the application and efficacy on the US Navy's normalized training environment typical systems such …


Application Of Digital Twin In Digital Transformation Of Thermal Power Units, Ze Dong, Wei Jiang, Xiaoyan Wang, Lei Liu Jun 2023

Application Of Digital Twin In Digital Transformation Of Thermal Power Units, Ze Dong, Wei Jiang, Xiaoyan Wang, Lei Liu

Journal of System Simulation

A new state estimation algorithm is proposed to improve the accuracy to obtain the optimal state estimation of distribution network against FDI attack. In the case of phasor measurement units being attacked and the measurement results being alteredthe optimal Kalman estimate can be decomposed into a weighted sum of local state estimates. Focusing on the insecurity of the weighted sum methoda convex optimization based on local estimation is proposed to replace the method and combine the local estimation into a secure state estimation. The simulation results show that the proposed estimator is consistent with the Kalman …


Simulation Research On Cooperative Control For Aircraft Ground Deicing Operation, Liwen Wang, Biao Li, Zhiwei Xing, Guan Lian Jun 2023

Simulation Research On Cooperative Control For Aircraft Ground Deicing Operation, Liwen Wang, Biao Li, Zhiwei Xing, Guan Lian

Journal of System Simulation

Aiming at the weak cooperation and low efficiency in aircraft ground deicing operation,a cooperative control method for deicing operations is designed based on the consistency of information states.A two-stage deicing Agent model is proposed and a multi-objective collaborative optimization model with the best deicing effect and the shortest deicing time is established. Lagrangian relaxation algorithm is applied to construct a feasible solution for the optimal operating parameters. Combined with the deicing process and mode, the cooperative graph of deicing operation is studied based on the operating topology, and the cooperative control method of ground deicing is constructed …


Dynamic Simulation Of Urban Agglomeration Passenger Transport Network Vulnerability Based On Multi-Agent, Chengbing Li, Yunfei Li, Peng Wu Jun 2023

Dynamic Simulation Of Urban Agglomeration Passenger Transport Network Vulnerability Based On Multi-Agent, Chengbing Li, Yunfei Li, Peng Wu

Journal of System Simulation

Research on vulnerability of comprehensive passenger transportation network in urban agglomerations helps to ensure the transportation efficiency of intercity travel.A comprehensive passenger transport network model of urban agglomeration is built based on multi-layer complex network theory. Urban transportation transfer factors are considered, actual passenger flow is used to calibrate the station load and capacity and a dynamic model of network cascading failure is constructed. Multi-agents are used to simulate the actual passenger flow, Dijkstra algorithm is used to find the shortest path, and two time-dimensional vulnerability evaluation indicators are proposed.MATLAB is used to carry out the dynamic simulation …


Secure State Estimation Of Distribution Network Based On Kalman Filter Decomposition, Xinghua Liu, Siwen Dong, Jiaqiang Tian Jun 2023

Secure State Estimation Of Distribution Network Based On Kalman Filter Decomposition, Xinghua Liu, Siwen Dong, Jiaqiang Tian

Journal of System Simulation

A new state estimation algorithm is proposed to improve the accuracy to obtain the optimal state estimation of distribution network against FDI attack. In the case of phasor measurement units being attacked and the measurement results being altered,the optimal Kalman estimate can be decomposed into a weighted sum of local state estimates. Focusing on the insecurity of the weighted sum method,a convex optimization based on local estimation is proposed to replace the method and combine the local estimation into a secure state estimation. The simulation results show that the proposed estimator is consistent with the Kalman …


Joint Optimization Strategy Of Computing Offloading And Edge Caching For Intelligent Connected Vehicles, Fei Ding, Yuchen Sha, Ying Hong, Xiao Kuai, Dengyin Zhang Jun 2023

Joint Optimization Strategy Of Computing Offloading And Edge Caching For Intelligent Connected Vehicles, Fei Ding, Yuchen Sha, Ying Hong, Xiao Kuai, Dengyin Zhang

Journal of System Simulation

To guarantee the low-delay communication of intelligent connected vehicles, the V2X channel model and the multi-access edge computing (MEC) technology, are used to carry out the research of the joint optimization strategy of computing offloading and edge caching.An intelligent connected vehicle with task offloading and edge caching model least-deep deterministic policy gradient(L-DDPG) is developed.By integrating the vehicular local and edge computing resources, the classification processing of different computing tasks in V2X scenarios is supported.The vehicular computing request is prejudged by edge platform to ensure the rapid response of continuous homogeneous computing tasks. Combining with the least recently …


Research On Energy Coordination Control Strategy In Dc Microgrid, Zibao Lu, Hao Ding, Fangyun Sun, Ziqiong Ding, Li Gong, Rui Zheng Jun 2023

Research On Energy Coordination Control Strategy In Dc Microgrid, Zibao Lu, Hao Ding, Fangyun Sun, Ziqiong Ding, Li Gong, Rui Zheng

Journal of System Simulation

Aiming of the bus voltage stability and energy flow balance in DC microgrids,a switching control strategy based on the energy balance relationship of DC microgrid is proposed. The bus voltage balance of DC microgrid is transformed into energy balance, and DC microgrid is modeled as a linear switching system with five modes. A controller is designed for each mode to stabilize the bus voltage. To achieve the seamless and smooth switching between modes, on the basis of maintaining the stability of any switching, the corresponding mode switching rules are given based on the energy flow characteristics of microgrid.Theoretical …