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Articles 22861 - 22890 of 25630

Full-Text Articles in Computer Engineering

Attention Driven Reference Resolution In Multimodal Contexts, John D. Kelleher Jan 2006

Attention Driven Reference Resolution In Multimodal Contexts, John D. Kelleher

Articles

In recent years a a number of psycholinguistic experiments have pointed to the interaction between language and vision. In particular, the interaction between visual attention and linguistic reference. In parallel with this, several theories of discourse have attempted to provide an account of the relationship between types of referential expressions on the one hand and the degree of mental activation on the other. Building on both of these traditions, this paper describes an attention based approach to visually situated reference resolution. The framework uses the relationship between referential form and preferred mode of interpretation as a basis for a weighted …

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Investigating The Male-Driven Evolution Hypothesis Using Human AluRepeat Elements, Sridhar Ramachandran Jan 2006

Investigating The Male-Driven Evolution Hypothesis Using Human AluRepeat Elements, Sridhar Ramachandran

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Thousands of copies of short interspersed repeats (SINEs) are scattered essentially ran-domly through the human genome. Although copies of each repeat subfamily are identical at the time of their insertion, they become subject to individual substitutions after insertion. As the relative time of insertion is known for many of these repeats, such "junk DNA" can be used to provide a sizeable number of time-series data points for studying substitution effects in a variety of genomic contexts. This dissertation specifically discusses the usefulness of the Alufamily of SINE repeats towards addressing open problems in genomics, population genetics, and biology in …

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The Hydra Filesystem: A Distrbuted Storage Famework, Benjamin Gonzalez, George K. Thiruvathukal Jan 2006

The Hydra Filesystem: A Distrbuted Storage Famework, Benjamin Gonzalez, George K. Thiruvathukal

Computer Science: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Hydra File System (HFS) is an experimental framework for constructing parallel and distributed filesystems. While parallel and distributed applications requiring scalable and flexible access to storage and retrieval are becoming more commonplace, parallel and distributed filesystems remain difficult to deploy easily and configure for different needs. HFS aims to be different by being true to the tradition of high-performance computing while employing modern design patterns to allow various policies to be configured on a per instance basis (e.g. storage, communication, security, and indexing schemes). We describe a working prototype (available for public download) that has been implemented in the Python …

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A Formal Language Approach For Detecting Texture Paths And Patterns In Images, Prithviraj S. Patil Jan 2006

A Formal Language Approach For Detecting Texture Paths And Patterns In Images, Prithviraj S. Patil

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

This Master thesis considers the use of formal languages representation for image processing, especially texture patterns and determining texture paths in them. The texture paths are detected and extracted by using image processing techniques, such as image segmentation to isolate regions of interest, and then the extraction of repeating textures. The detection of the texture blocks is obtained by recursively using 27 X 27, 9 X 9, and 3 X 3 windows. Predefined repeating texture patterns are also searched for in each of the sets. For each set of texture blocks with similar or same characteristics, curve fitting techniques are …

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Simulation And Analysis Of Rfid Localization Algorithms, Zubin Shah Jan 2006

Simulation And Analysis Of Rfid Localization Algorithms, Zubin Shah

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Radio frequency identification (RFID) based localization systems provide a unique approach to localize mobile entities equipped with RFID readers or tagged with RFID tags. UHF RFID systems using passive tags are a good choice considering their cost, reading range, and reliability. With global acceptance and deployment of UHF RFID systems using passive tags for tracking and identification, virtually everything around us can be tagged with small and low-cost passive RFID tags. This thesis describes a Monte Carlo Localization based algorithm to localize a mobile RFID reader within a tagged environment. A software tool is developed to validate this localization process, …

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A Field Programmable Gate Array Architecture For Two-Dimensional Partial Reconfiguration, Fei Wang Jan 2006

A Field Programmable Gate Array Architecture For Two-Dimensional Partial Reconfiguration, Fei Wang

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Reconfigurable machines can accelerate many applications by adapting to their needs through hardware reconfiguration. Partial reconfiguration allows the reconfiguration of a portion of a chip while the rest of the chip is busy working on tasks. Operating system models have been proposed for partially reconfigurable machines to handle the scheduling and placement of tasks. They are called OS4RC in this dissertation. The main goal of this research is to address some problems that come from the gap between OS4RC and existing chip architectures and the gap between OS4RC models and practical applications. Some existing OS4RC models are based on an …

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Parameter Inference Of Queueing Models For It Systems Using End-To-End Measurements, Laura Wynter, Cathy H. Xia, Fan Zhang Jan 2006

Parameter Inference Of Queueing Models For It Systems Using End-To-End Measurements, Laura Wynter, Cathy H. Xia, Fan Zhang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

As Information Technology (IT) matures and expands in the scope of available applications, IT systems increase at a fascinating rate in both size and complexity. For example, today, a typical Web service hosting center may have hundreds of nodes and dozens of different applications simultaneously running on it. Each of the nodes in turn has often multiple processors and layered caches. These nodes make use of both local and shared storage systems. The size and complexity of such systems make performance modeling much more difficult, if at all tractable. Detailed modeling, fine tuning and accurate analysis can be carried out …

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On-Off Frequency-Shift Keying For Wideband Fading Channels, Mustafa Cenk Gursoy, H. Vincent Poor, Sergio Verdu Jan 2006

On-Off Frequency-Shift Keying For Wideband Fading Channels, Mustafa Cenk Gursoy, H. Vincent Poor, Sergio Verdu

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

M-ary on-off frequency-shift keying (OOFSK) is a digital modulation format in which M-ary FSK signaling is overlaid on on/off keying. This paper investigates the potential of this modulation format in the context of wideband fading channels. First, it is assumed that the receiver uses energy detection for the reception of OOFSK signals. Capacity expressions are obtained for the cases in which the receiver has perfect and imperfect fading side information. Power efficiency is investigated when the transmitter is subject to a peak-to-average power ratio (PAR) limitation or a peak power limitation. It is shown that under a PAR limitation, it …

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The Transcriptome Of Human Oocytes, Arif Murat Kocabas, Javier Crosby, Pablo J. Ross, Hasan H. Otu, Zeki Beyhan, Handan Can, Wai-Leong Tam, Guilherme J. M. Rosa, Robert G. Halgren, Bing Lim, Emilio Fernandez, Jose Bernardo Cibelli Jan 2006

The Transcriptome Of Human Oocytes, Arif Murat Kocabas, Javier Crosby, Pablo J. Ross, Hasan H. Otu, Zeki Beyhan, Handan Can, Wai-Leong Tam, Guilherme J. M. Rosa, Robert G. Halgren, Bing Lim, Emilio Fernandez, Jose Bernardo Cibelli

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

The identification of genes and deduced pathways from the mature human oocyte can help us better understand oogenesis, folliculogenesis, fertilization, and embryonic development. Human metaphase II oocytes were used within minutes after removal from the ovary, and its transcriptome was compared with a reference sample consisting of a mixture of total RNA from 10 different normal human tissues not including the ovary. RNA amplification was performed by using a unique protocol. Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 GeneChip arrays were used for hybridizations. Compared with reference samples, there were 5,331 transcripts significantly up-regulated and 7,074 transcripts significantly down-regulated in the …

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Energy-Constrained Quality Optimization For Secure Image Transmission In Wireless Sensor Networks, Wei Wang, Dongming Peng, Honggang Wang, Hamid Sharif, Hsiao-Hwa Chen Jan 2006

Energy-Constrained Quality Optimization For Secure Image Transmission In Wireless Sensor Networks, Wei Wang, Dongming Peng, Honggang Wang, Hamid Sharif, Hsiao-Hwa Chen

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Resource allocation for multimedia selective encryption and energy efficient transmission has not been fully investigated in literature for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this article, we propose a new cross-layer approach to optimize selectively encrypted image transmission quality in WSNs with strict energy constraint. A new selective image encryption approach favorable for unequal error protection (UEP) is proposed, which reduces encryption overhead considerably by controlling the structure of image bitstreams. Also, a novel cross-layer UEP scheme based on cipher-plain-text diversity is studied. In this UEP scheme, resources are unequally and optimally allocated in the encrypted bitstream structure, including data position …

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Modeling Dual Polarization Wireless Fading Channels Using Quaternions, B. J. Wysocki, Tadeusz Wysocki, J. Seberry Jan 2006

Modeling Dual Polarization Wireless Fading Channels Using Quaternions, B. J. Wysocki, Tadeusz Wysocki, J. Seberry

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications (to 2015)

In the letter we describe signal transmitted between two dual-polarized antennas using a quaternion notation. The channel can then be modeled by a single quaternion gain, instead of a matrix of four complex gains as it is done in a classical approach. The model is very useful as it allows for a simple accommodation of any polarization twist between the transmit and receive antennas, as well as, modeling random fading in both polarizations with or without cross-polar scattering.

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Hiring Process For Software Developers That Identifies Both Cultural And Technical Fit, David E. Berry Jan 2006

Hiring Process For Software Developers That Identifies Both Cultural And Technical Fit, David E. Berry

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

No abstract provided.

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Automated Visual Database Creation For A Ground Vehicle Simulator, Pedro Claudio Jan 2006

Automated Visual Database Creation For A Ground Vehicle Simulator, Pedro Claudio

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This research focuses on extracting road models from stereo video sequences taken from a moving vehicle. The proposed method combines color histogram based segmentation, active contours (snakes) and morphological processing to extract road boundary coordinates for conversion into Matlab or Multigen OpenFlight compatible polygonal representations. Color segmentation uses an initial truth frame to develop a color probability density function (PDF) of the road versus the terrain. Subsequent frames are segmented using a Maximum Apostiori Probability (MAP) criteria and the resulting templates are used to update the PDFs. Color segmentation worked well where there was minimal shadowing and occlusion by other …

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Design Concepts And Process Analysis For Transmuter Fuel Manufacturing, Georg F. Mauer Jan 2006

Design Concepts And Process Analysis For Transmuter Fuel Manufacturing, Georg F. Mauer

Fuels Campaign (TRP)

The safe and effective manufacturing of actinide-bearing fuels for any transmutation strategy requires that the entire manufacturing process be contained within a shielded hot cell environment. To ensure that the fabrication process is feasible, the entire process must be designed for remote operation. The equipment must be reliable enough to perform over several decades, and also easy to maintain or repair remotely. The facility must also be designed to facilitate its own decontamination and decommissioning. In addition to these design factors, the potential viability of any fuel fabrication process will also be impacted by a number of variables, such as …

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Efficient Scheduling For Sdmg Cioq Switches, Mei Yang, S. Q. Zheng Jan 2006

Efficient Scheduling For Sdmg Cioq Switches, Mei Yang, S. Q. Zheng

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

Combined input and output queuing (CIOQ) switches are being considered as high-performance switch architectures due to their ability to achieve 100% throughput and perfectly emulate output queuing (OQ) switch performance with a small speedup factor S. To realize a speedup factor S, a conventional CIOQ switch requires the switching fabric and memories to operate S times faster than the line rate. In this paper, we propose to use a CIOQ switch with space-division multiplexing expansion and grouped input/output ports (SDMG CIOQ switch for short) to realize speedup while only requiring the switching fabric and memories to operate at the line …

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Real-Time Memory Management: Life And Times, Andrew Borg, Andy Wellings, Christopher Gill, Ron K. Cytron Jan 2006

Real-Time Memory Management: Life And Times, Andrew Borg, Andy Wellings, Christopher Gill, Ron K. Cytron

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

As high integrity real-time systems become increasingly large and complex, forcing a static model of memory usage becomes untenable. The challenge is to provide a dynamic memory model that guarantees tight and bounded time and space requirements without overburdening the developer with memory concerns. This paper provides an analysis of memory management approaches in order to characterise the tradeoffs across three semantic domains: space, time and a characterisation of memory usage information such as the lifetime of objects. A unified approach to distinguishing the merits of each memory model highlights the relationship across these three domains, thereby identifying the class …

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Supporting Collaborative Behavior In Manets Using Workflows, Rohan Sen, Gregory Hackmann, Mart Haitjema, Gruia-Catalin Roman, Gill Jan 2006

Supporting Collaborative Behavior In Manets Using Workflows, Rohan Sen, Gregory Hackmann, Mart Haitjema, Gruia-Catalin Roman, Gill

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

Groupware activities provide a powerful representation for many collaborative tasks. Today, the technologies that support typical groupware applications often assume a stable wired network infrastructure. The potential for collaboration in scenarios that lack this fixed infrastructure remains largely untapped. Such scenarios include activities on construction sites, wilderness exploration, disaster recovery, and rapid intervention teams. Communication in these scenarios can be supported using wireless ad hoc networks, an emerging technology whose full potential is yet to be understood and realized. In this paper, we consider the fundamental technical issues that need to be addressed in order to introduce groupware concepts into …

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Three Dimensional Panoramic Fast Flourescence Imaging Of Cardiac Arryhtymias In The Rabbit Heart, Fujian Qu, Vladimir P. Nikolski, Cindy Grimm, Igor R. Efimov Jan 2006

Three Dimensional Panoramic Fast Flourescence Imaging Of Cardiac Arryhtymias In The Rabbit Heart, Fujian Qu, Vladimir P. Nikolski, Cindy Grimm, Igor R. Efimov

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

Cardiac high spatio-temporal optical mapping provides a unique opportunity to investigate the dynamics of propagating waves of excitation during ventricular arrhythmia and defibrillation. However, studies using single camera imaging systems are hampered by the inability to monitor electrical activity from the entire surface of the heart. We have developed a three dimensional panoramic imaging system which allows high-resolution and high-dynamic-range optical mapping from the entire surface of the heart. Rabbit hearts (n=4) were Langendorff perfused and imaged by the system during sinus rhythm, epicardial pacing, and arrhythmias. The reconstructed 3D electrical activity provides us with a powerful tool to investigate …

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Discovering Weak Community Structures In Large Biological Networks , Jianhua Ruan, Weixiong Zhang Jan 2006

Discovering Weak Community Structures In Large Biological Networks , Jianhua Ruan, Weixiong Zhang

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

Identifying intrinsic structures in large networks is a fundamental problem in many fields, such as biology, engineering and social sciences. Motivated by biology applications, in this paper we are concerned with identifying community structures, which are densely connected sub-graphs, in large biological networks. We address several critical issues for finding community structures. First, biological networks directly constructed from experimental data often contain spurious edges and may also miss genuine connections. As a result, community structures in biological networks are often weak. We introduce simple operations to capture local neighborhood structures for identifying weak communities. Second, we consider the issue of …

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Automatic Application-Specific Customization Of Softcore Processor Microarchitecture, Masters Thesis, May 2006, Shobana Padmanabhan Jan 2006

Automatic Application-Specific Customization Of Softcore Processor Microarchitecture, Masters Thesis, May 2006, Shobana Padmanabhan

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

Applications for constrained embedded systems are subject to strict runtime and resource utilization bounds. With soft core processors, application developers can customize the processor for their application, constrained by available hardware resources but aimed at high application performance. The more reconfigurable the processor is, the more options the application developers will have for customization and hence increased potential for improving application performance. However, such customization entails developing in-depth familiarity with all the parameters, in order to configure them effectively. This is typically infeasible, given the tight time-to-market pressure on the developers. Alternatively, developers could explore all possible configurations, but being …

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Manifold Learning For Natural Image Sets, Doctoral Dissertation August 2006, Richard Souvenir Jan 2006

Manifold Learning For Natural Image Sets, Doctoral Dissertation August 2006, Richard Souvenir

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

The field of manifold learning provides powerful tools for parameterizing high-dimensional data points with a small number of parameters when this data lies on or near some manifold. Images can be thought of as points in some high-dimensional image space where each coordinate represents the intensity value of a single pixel. These manifold learning techniques have been successfully applied to simple image sets, such as handwriting data and a statue in a tightly controlled environment. However, they fail in the case of natural image sets, even those that only vary due to a single degree of freedom, such as a …

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Design Issues Of Reserved Delivery Subnetworks, Doctoral Dissertation, May 2006, Ruibiao Qiu Jan 2006

Design Issues Of Reserved Delivery Subnetworks, Doctoral Dissertation, May 2006, Ruibiao Qiu

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

The lack of per-flow bandwidth reservation in today's Internet limits the quality of service that an information service provider can provide. This dissertation introduces the reserved delivery subnetwork (RDS), a mechanism that provides consistent quality of service by implementing aggregate bandwidth reservation. A number of design and deployment issues of RDSs are studied. First, the configuration problem of a single-server RDS is formulated as a minimum concave cost network flow problem, which properly reflects the economy of bandwidth aggregation, but is also an NP-hard problem. To make the RDS configuration problem tractable, an efficient approximation heuristic, largest demands first (LDF), …

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A Theory Of Load Adjustments And Its Implications For Congestion Control, Sergey Gorinsky, Manfred Georg, Maxim Podlesny, Christoph Jechlitschek Jan 2006

A Theory Of Load Adjustments And Its Implications For Congestion Control, Sergey Gorinsky, Manfred Georg, Maxim Podlesny, Christoph Jechlitschek

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

Multiplicative Increase (MI), Additive Increase (AI), and Multiplicative Decrease (MD) are linear adjustments used extensively in networking. However, their properties are not fully understood. We analyze responsiveness (time for the total load to reach the target load), smoothness (maximal size of the total load oscillations after reaching the target load), fairing speed (speed of convergence to equal individual loads) and scalabilities of MAIMD algorithms, which generalize AIMD algorithms via optional inclusion of MI. We prove that an MAIMD can provide faster asymptotic fairing than a less smooth AIMD. Furthermore, we discover that loads under a specific MAIMD converge from any …

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Perceptually Meaningful Image Editing: Depth, Reynold J. Bailey, Cindy Grimm Jan 2006

Perceptually Meaningful Image Editing: Depth, Reynold J. Bailey, Cindy Grimm

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

We introduce the concept of perceptually meaningful image editing and present two techniques for manipulating the apparent depth of objects in an image. The user loads an image, selects an object and specifies whether the object should appear closer or further away. The system automatically determines target values for the object and/or background that achieve the desired depth change. These depth editing operations, based on techniques used by traditional artists, manipulate either the luminance or color temperature of different regions of the image. By performing blending in the gradient domain and reconstruction with a Poisson solver, the appearance of false …

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Towards A Unified Radio Power Management Architecture For Wireless Sensor Networks, Kevin Klues, Guoliang Xing, Chenyang Lu Jan 2006

Towards A Unified Radio Power Management Architecture For Wireless Sensor Networks, Kevin Klues, Guoliang Xing, Chenyang Lu

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

In many wireless sensor networks, energy is an extremely limited resource. While many different power management strategies have been proposed to help reduce the amount of energy wasted, application developers still face two fundamental challenges when developing systems with stringent power constraints. First, existing power management strategies are usually tightly coupled with network protocols and other system functionality. This monolithic approach has led to standalone solutions that cannot easily be reused or extended to other applications or platforms. Second, different power management strategies make different and sometimes even conflicting assumptions about the rest of the system with which they need …

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Design And Evaluation Of A Blast Ungapped Extension Accelerator, Master's Thesis, Joseph M. Lancaster Jan 2006

Design And Evaluation Of A Blast Ungapped Extension Accelerator, Master's Thesis, Joseph M. Lancaster

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

The amount of biosequence data being produced each year is growing exponentially. Extracting useful information from this massive amount of data is becoming an increasingly difficult task. This thesis focuses on accelerating the most widely-used software tool for analyzing genomic data, BLAST. This thesis presents Mercury BLAST, a novel method for accelerating searches through massive DNA databases. Mercury BLAST takes a streaming approach to the BLAST computation by offloading the performance-critical sections onto reconfigurable hardware. This hardware is then used in combination with the processor of the host system to deliver BLAST results in a fraction of the time of …

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A View-Based Deformation Tool-Kit, Master's Thesis, August 2006, Nisha Sudarsanam Jan 2006

A View-Based Deformation Tool-Kit, Master's Thesis, August 2006, Nisha Sudarsanam

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

Camera manipulation is a hard problem since a graphics camera is defined by specifying 11 independent parameters. Manipulating such a high-dimensional space to accomplish specific tasks is difficult and requires a certain amount of expertise. We present an intuitive interface that allows novice users to perform camera operations in terms of the change they want see in the image. In addition to developing a natural means for camera interaction, our system also includes a novel interface for viewing and organizing previously saved views. When exploring complex 3D data-sets a single view is not sufficient. Instead, a composite view built from …

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Dynamic Conflict-Free Query Scheduling For Wireless Sensor Networks, Octav Chipara, Chenyang Lu, John Stankovic Jan 2006

Dynamic Conflict-Free Query Scheduling For Wireless Sensor Networks, Octav Chipara, Chenyang Lu, John Stankovic

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

With the emergence of high data rate sensor network applications, there is an increasing demand for high-performance query services in such networks. To meet this challenge, we present Dynamic Conflict-free Query Scheduling (DCQS), a novel scheduling technique for queries in wireless sensor networks. In contrast to earlier TDMA protocols designed for general-purpose networks and workloads, DCQS is specifically designed for query services supporting in-network data aggregation. DCQS has several important features. First, it optimizes the query performance and energy efficiency by exploiting the temporal properties and precedence constraints introduced by data aggregation. Second, it can efficiently adapt to dynamic workloads …

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Activepdf-Toolk, Washington University In St. Louis Computer Science Engineering Department Jan 2006

Activepdf-Toolk, Washington University In St. Louis Computer Science Engineering Department

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

This document provides information for deploying activePDF Toolkit Professional in a development environment. This document is organized into four sections: Getting Started, Tutorials, Technical Reference and the Toolkit Appendices. The Getting Started section covers setup and installation, includes a product overview and information related to operating Toolkit Professional. Tutorials includes examples of many Toolkit features, including PDF generation and form filling. All of the tutorials can be used with activePDF Toolkit. Technical Reference provides detailed information on Toolkit’s objects, subobjects, methods and properties.

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A Corpus-Based Concatenative Speech Synthesis System For Turkish, Haşi̇m Sak, Tunga Güngör, Yaşar Safkan Jan 2006

A Corpus-Based Concatenative Speech Synthesis System For Turkish, Haşi̇m Sak, Tunga Güngör, Yaşar Safkan

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Speech synthesis is the process of converting written text into machine-generated synthetic speech. Concatenative speech synthesis systems form utterances by concatenating pre-recorded speech units. Corpus-based methods use a large inventory to select the units to be concatenated. In this paper, we design and develop an intelligible and natural sounding corpus-based concatenative speech synthesis system for the Turkish language. The implemented system contains a front-end comprised of text analysis, phonetic analysis, and optional use of transplanted prosody. The unit selection algorithm is based on commonly used Viterbi decoding algorithm of the best-path in the network of the speech units using spectral …

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