Computer Engineering Commons^™

A Cross-Layer Design For The Performance Improvement Of Real-Time Video Transmission Of Secondary Users Over Cognitive Radio Networks, Haiyan Luo, Song Ci, Dalei Wu

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications (to 2015)

Cognitive radio (CR) has been proposed as a promising solution to improve connectivity, self-adaptability, and efficiency of spectrum usage. When used in video applications, user-perceived video quality experienced by secondary users is a very important performance metric to evaluate the effectiveness of CR technologies. However, most of the current research only considers spectrum utilization and effectiveness at medium access control (MAC) and physical layers, ignoring the system performance of the upper layers. Therefore, in this paper, we aim to improve the user experience of secondary users for wireless video services over CR networks. We propose a quality-driven cross-layer optimized system …

An Investigation Into Segmenting Traffic Images Using Various Types Of Graph Cuts, Jonathan Dinger

All Theses

In computer vision, graph cuts are a way of segmenting an image into multiple areas. Graphs are built using one node for each pixel in the image combined with two extra nodes, known as the source and the sink. Each node is connected to several other nodes using edges, and each edge has a specific weight. Using different weighting schemes, different segmentations can be performed based on the properties used to create the weights. The cuts themselves are performed using an implementation of a solution to the maximum flow problem, which is then changed into a minimum cut according to …

Dynamics And Control Of The Shoot-The-Moon Tabletop Game, Peng Xu

All Theses

The classic table-top game Shoot-the-Moon has interesting dynamics despite its simple structure, consisting of a steel ball rolling on two cylindrical rods. The two sloped rods are hinged at the lower ends and allowed to freely slide in a slot at the higher end. The ball can amazingly roll upward along the rods under carefully manipulation of the rods. There is also an interaction between ball rotation and translation that cause the ball to ``shoot'' (quickly accelerate).
In this thesis, the kinematics are developed for Shoot-the-Moon and then equations of motion are derived using both Lagrangian and Newtonian approaches. The …

Classification For Mass Spectra And Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Chromatograms, Xue Tian

School of Computing: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Mass spectra contain characteristic information regarding the molecular structure and properties of compounds. The mass spectra of compounds from the same chemically related group are similar. Classification is one of the fundamental methodologies for analyzing mass spectral data. The primary goals of classification are to automatically group compounds based on their mass spectra, to find correlation between the properties of compounds and their mass spectra, and to provide a positive identification of unknown compounds.

This dissertation presents a new algorithm for the classification of mass spectra, the most similar neighbor with a probability-based spectrum similarity measure (MSN-PSSM). Experimental results demonstrate …

On The Complexity Of Grid Coloring, Daniel Christopher Apon

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This thesis studies problems at the intersection of Ramsey-theoretic mathematics, computational complexity, and communication complexity. The prototypical example of such a problem is Monochromatic-Rectangle-Free Grid Coloring. In an instance of Monochromatic-Rectangle-Free Grid Coloring, we are given a chessboard-like grid graph of dimensions n and m, where the vertices of the graph correspond to squares in the chessboard, and a number of allowed colors, c. The goal is to assign one of the allowed colors to each vertex of the grid graph so that no four vertices arranged in an axis-parallel rectangle are colored monochromatically. Our results include: 1. A conditional, …

Reliable Ethernet, Aleksandr Movsesyan

Master's Theses

Networks within data centers, such as connections between servers and disk arrays, need lossless flow control allowing all packets to move quickly through the network to reach their destination. This paper proposes a new algorithm for congestion control to satisfy the needs of such networks and to answer the question: Is it possible to provide circuit-less reliability and flow control in an Ethernet network? TCP uses an end-to-end congestion control algorithm, which is based on end-to-end round trip time (RTT). Therefore its flow control and error detection/correction approach is dependent on end-to-end RTT. Other approaches utilize specialized data link layer …

Full Custom Vlsi Design Of On-Line Stability Checkers, Chris Y. Lee

Master's Theses

A stability checker is a clocked storage element, much like a flip-flop, which detects unstable and late signals in the pipeline of a digital system. The On-line stability checker operates concurrently with its associated circuit-under-test (CUT). This thesis describes the full custom very-large-scale integration (VLSI) design and testing process of On-Line Stability Checkers. The goals of this thesis are to construct and test Stability Checker designs, and to create a design template for future class projects in the EE 431 Computer-Aided Design (CAD) of VLSI Devices course at Cal Poly.

A method for concurrent fault testing called On-line Stability Checking …

Characterizing Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Synthesis For Field Emission Applications, Benjamin L. Crossley, Nathan Glauvitz, Betty T. Quinton, Ronald A. Coutu Jr., Peter J. Collins

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

File System Simulation: Hierarchical Performance Measurement And Modeling, Hai Quang Nguyen

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

File systems are very important components in a computer system. File system simulation can help to predict the performance of new system designs. It offers the advantages of the flexibility of modeling and the cost and time savings of utilizing simulation instead of full implementation. Being able to predict end-to-end file system performance against a pre-defined workload can help system designers to make decisions that could affect their entire product line, involving several million dollars of investment. This dissertation presents detailed simulation-based performance models of the Linux ext3 file system and the PVFS parallel file system. The models are developed …

Wireless Embedded Smart Cameras: Performance Analysis And Their Application To Fall Detection For Eldercare., Alvaro Pinto

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Wireless Embedded Smart Camera Networks has received a lot of attention from academia and industry because they are small in size and easy to deploy, and they offer a multitude of attractive applications. They can be used for embedded single unit applications, or can be networked for multi-camera applications.

We first analyze three different operation scenarios for a wireless vision sensor network wherein different levels of local processing is performed. A detailed quantitative comparison of three operation scenarios are presented in terms of energy consumption and latency. This quantitative analysis provides the motivation for performing high-level local processing and decision …

Molecular Dynamics Simulation Based On Hadoop Mapreduce, Chen He

School of Computing: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation is a computationally intensive application used in multiple fields. It can exploit a distributed environment due to inherent computational parallelism. However, most of the existing implementations focus on performance enhancement. They may not provide fault-tolerance for every time-step.

MapReduce is a framework first proposed by Google for processing huge amounts of data in a distributed environment. The simplicity of the programming model and fault- tolerance for node failure during run-time make it very popular not only for commercial applications but also in scientific computing.

In this thesis, we develop a novel communication-free and each time-step fault- …

Networks - Ii: Closed-Form Expressions For Correlation Function And Power Density Spectrum In Mimo Mobile-To-Mobile Channels Using Two-Erose-Ring Model, Muahammad Riaz, Noor M. Khan

International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies

This paper presents an extensive study of MIMO channels in mobile-to-mobile environment. Recently proposed two-erose-ring model is reviewed for more details, and closed-form mathematical expressions for space-time correlations and power spectral density for MIMO mobile-to-mobile communication channels are derived. Using the correlation function, we analyze and compare capacity and diversity gains for two-ring model and two-erose-ring model. Furthermore, we compared the results with the existing models.

Networks - Ii: A High Bandwidth Covert Channel In Network Protocol, Mehdi Hussain

International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies

Covert channel is secret communication path, which existence is not expected in original system of design. It allows different users access to the same information, at the same time, but from different points-of-view. It is being more and more studying due to the grooming of internet. Always high-bandwidth network covert channel pose the significant risk of detection over network. Although the existing technique utilized the reserved bits of header, timestamp, initial sequence number, packet length etc for network covert channel, to some extend these have good temper resistance. But when increase their covert data capacity they becomes to fail to …

Network Security: A Review Of Salient Security Aspects Of The Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (Umts), F. Imran, M. Hussain

International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies

Wireless communication is known as key to global development. Wireless and mobile communication is gaining more importance in our life. Protecting information is one the aspects which we need to focus on the wireless networks. Universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS) is evolution of the third generation mobile communication system. It was built on the success of global system for mobile communication (GSM). Universal mobile telecommunication system's security is also built on global system for mobile communication (GSM). The paper reviews the literature of the security aspects of the Universal mobile telecommunication system. A critical evaluation of the proposed solutions is …

Networks - Ii: Modified On Demand Transmission Power Control For Wireless Sensor Networks, Mirza M Yasir Masood, Ghufran Ahmed, Noor M. Khan

International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies

On Demand Transmission Power Control (ODTPC) is a well known transmission power control strategy that is used to reduce high power consumption in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this paper, we propose an extension to ODTPC and thus, a modified version of ODTPC is proposed named MODTPC. Simulation results show that performance of MODTPC is better than ODTPC in terms of efficiency and energy saving.

Image Processing – I: Spatial Domain Lossless Image Data Compression Method, Syed Ali Hassan, Mehdi Hussain

International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies

Images has very significant role in digital media. However, generally digital imaging generates large amounts of data it need to be compressed, without loss of relevant information or simply lossless compression. This paper presents a novel lossless image compression technique in spatial domain. The proposed algorithm divide the image into no. of blocks uses variable bits to store each block pixels. Calculation of variable bits is dependent on pixel values of each block. The advantage of proposed scheme, it is dependent upon pixels correlation with in a block. Experimental results show that our proposed algorithm gives better compression efficiency as …

Network Security: A Secure Architecture For Open Source Voip Solutions, Fahad Sattar, M. Hussain, Kashif Nisar

International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies

Voice over IP “VoIP” is a form of voice speech that uses data networks, for transmission of voice traffic over IP-based networks to transmit voice signals. The signal is correctly encoded at one end of the communication channel, sent as packets through the data network, then decoded at the receiving end and transformed back into a voice signal. It has a potential and offering a choice to the traditional telephony systems due to its high resource utilization and cost efficiency. Meanwhile, Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) have become an ever present networking technology that has been deployed around the world. …

Real-Time Divisible Load Scheduling For Cluster Computing, Anwar Mamat

School of Computing: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Cluster computing has become an important paradigm for solving large-scale problems. However, as the size of a cluster increases, so does the complexity of resource management and maintenance. Therefore, automated performance control and re- source management are expected to play critical roles in sustaining the evolution of cluster computing. The current cluster scheduling practice is similar in sophistication to early supercomputer batch scheduling algorithms, and no consideration is given to desired quality-of-service (QoS) attributes. To fully avail the power of computational clusters, new scheduling algorithms that provides high performance, QoS assurance, fault-tolerance, energy savings and streamlined management of the cluster …

Networks - I: Interference Mitigation In 4g System Using Smart Antenna, Asad Ali Siddiqui, Muhammad Mazhar Manzoor, Aamir Ijaz, Adnan Umar Khan, Imran Ahmed Awan, Sangita Lal Chand

International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies

Emerging trends of mobile communication and ever growing demand of mobile users with high speed data requirements and migrating towards 4G, Co-Channel interference and multipath in urban/dense urban environment will limit the capacity of the network. Smart antenna is now recognized by its higher user capacity in 4G wireless networks by efficiently reducing multipath and co-channel interference. Smart Antenna use adaptive beam forming algorithms in a dynamic environment continuously adjusting the weight of antenna arrays for creating a beam to track desired users automatically, and minimize interference from other users by placing nulls in their directions. This research work provides …

Networks - I: An Optimal Mutual Authentication Scheme In Gsm Networks, Abdul Haleem, Muhammad Usman

International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies

GSM is one of the most dominating networks for wireless mobile communication. With the passage of time, financial institutions have started using this network for providing their services. Beginning from basic services like balance enquiry, the trend is increasing to provide financial transactions on mobile. This trend establishes the need of strengthening user authentication and requirement of network authentication as well. In this paper, we have proposed a mutual authentication approach using asymmetric cryptography. In the proposed technique, user and network are authenticated with minimal computation and signaling overhead.

Artificial Intelligence – I: A Preliminary Framework For Human-Agent Communication In Electronic Negotiations, Moez Ur Rehman, Nosheen Riaz

International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies

Electronic negotiations are business negotiations conducted via electronic means using information and communications technologies (ICT). Two dominant types of electronic negotiation systems are automated negotiation systems for software agents and negotiation support systems (NSSs) for humans. However, the integration of two types for human-agent negotiations is an important task. In this paper, an extended communication model for human-agent business negotiations is presented. For this purpose, the underlying communication models of automated negotiations and NSSs are analyzed. The extended communication model is based on a common negotiation ontology which captures the negotiation agenda and paves the way for such hybrid communication, …

Enhancement Of Optical Emission From Laser-Induced Plasmas By Combined Spatial And Magnetic Confinement, L. B. Guo, W. Hu, B. Y. Zhang, X. N. He, C. M. Li, Y. S. Zhou, Z. X. Cai, X. Y. Zeng, Yongfeng Lu

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Within the past decades, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has become a well-established and powerful optical emission spectroscopy (OES) analytical technique [1–5]. As a useful analytical tool, LIBS is used extensively in various areas such as remote detection, hostile environment monitoring, and cultural heritage conservation [6–10]. Researchers are paying more attention to LIBS as a diagnostic method for elemental analysis as it is characterized by fast, real-time, in situ, low invasiveness, and multi-elemental diagnosis, normally without the need for sample preparation [11,12]. However, one of its major drawbacks is its low sensitivity, which seriously hinders further improving the limit of detection …

Apparatus For Dispensing Material, Peter Werner Sutter, Eli Anguelova Sutter

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

An apparatus capable of dispensing drops of material with volumes on the order of Zeptoliters is described. In some embodiments of the inventive pipette the size of the droplets so dispensed is determined by the size of a hole, or channel, through a carbon shell encapsulating a reservoir that contains material to be dispensed. The channel may be formed by irradiation with an electronbeam or other high-energy beam capable of focusing to a spot size less than about 5 nanom eters. In some embodiments, the dispensed droplet remains attached to the pipette by a small thread of material, an atomic …

Theoretical Explanation Of Bernstein Polynomials' Efficiency: They Are Optimal Combination Of Optimal Endpoint-Related Functions, Jaime Nava, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In many applications of interval computations, it turned out to be beneficial to represent polynomials on a given interval [x_-, x₊] as linear combinations of Bernstein polynomials (x- x _- )^k * (x₊ - x)^n-k. In this paper, we provide a theoretical explanation for this empirical success: namely, we show that under reasonable optimality criteria, Bernstein polynomials can be uniquely determined from the requirement that they are optimal combinations of optimal polynomials corresponding to the interval's endpoints.

An Investigation Of Data Protection And Computer Security In Small Irish Medical Practices, Sean Mcgrath

Dissertations

Small medical practices store and process the health information of their patients in order to aid in providing care to them. Because of this a level of trust exists between the patients and the practice to ensure the sensitive medical data is kept private and secure. There was no formalised way to test if this trust was well deserved and what level of protection was applied to such sensitive health records. A security model that is applicable to small medical practices for the purpose of protecting and securing the personal health information they store was constructed and validated by a …

Super-Resolution For Imagery From Integrated Microgrid Polarimeters, Russell C. Hardie, Daniel A. Lemaster, Bradley M. Ratliff

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Imagery from microgrid polarimeters is obtained by using a mosaic of pixel-wise micropolarizers on a focal plane array (FPA). Each distinct polarization image is obtained by subsampling the full FPA image. Thus, the effective pixel pitch for each polarization channel is increased and the sampling frequency is decreased. As a result, aliasing artifacts from such undersampling can corrupt the true polarization content of the scene. Here we present the first multi-channel multi-frame super-resolution (SR) algorithms designed specifically for the problem of image restoration in microgrid polarization imagers. These SR algorithms can be used to address aliasing and other degradations, without …

Why Neural Networks Are Computationally Efficient Approximators: An Explanation, Jaime Nava, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Many real-life dependencies can be reasonably accurately described by linear functions. If we want a more accurate description, we need to take non-linear terms into account. To take nonlinear terms into account, we can either explicitly add quadratic terms to the regression equation, or, alternatively, we can use a neural network with a non-linear activation function. At first glance, regression algorithms would work faster, but in practice, often, a neural network approximation turns out to be a more computationally efficient one. In this paper, we provide a reasonable explanation for this empirical fact.

Towards Fast And Accurate Algorithms For Processing Fuzzy Data: Interval Computations Revisited, Gang Xiang, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

A Study On Facility Planning Using Discrete Event Simulation: Case Study Of A Grain Delivery Terminal, Sarah M. Asio

Department of Industrial and Management Systems Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The application of traditional approaches to the design of efficient facilities can be tedious and time consuming when uncertainty and a number of constraints exist. Queuing models and mathematical programming techniques are not able to capture the complex interaction between resources, the environment and space constraints for dynamic stochastic processes. In the following study discrete event simulation is applied to the facility planning process for a grain delivery terminal. The discrete event simulation approach has been applied to studies such as capacity planning and facility layout for a gasoline station and evaluating the resource requirements for a manufacturing facility. To …

Maximum Likelihood Approach To Pointwise Estimation In Statistical Data Processing Under Interval Uncertainty, Nitaya Buntao, Sa-Aat Niwitpong, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Traditional statistical estimates C(x₁, ..., x_n) for different statistical characteristics (such as mean, variance, etc.) implicitly assume that we know the sample values x₁, ..., x_n exactly. In practice, the sample values X_i come from measurements and are, therefore, in general, different from the actual (unknown) values X_i of the corresponding quantities. Sometimes, we know the probabilities of different values of the measurement error ΔX_i = X_i - x_i, but often, the only information that we have about the measurement error is the upper bound Δ_{i …}