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Articles 3151 - 3180 of 4589

Full-Text Articles in Geotechnical Engineering

Geotechnical Aspects Of Seismic Design Of Bridges In New York City, K. Kishore, S. K. Jain Apr 1995

Geotechnical Aspects Of Seismic Design Of Bridges In New York City, K. Kishore, S. K. Jain

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Earthquake damage Civil engineering structure and bridges are no exception. Historically, bridges have proven to be vulnerable to earthquakes which cause damage to substructures and foundations and in some cases being totally destroyed as Superstructure collapse from their supporting elements. The bridges in New York City are required to comply with Specifications of American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) and New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT). The seismic design criteria has been recently introduced in these specifications and all bridge projects in New York City must comply with these requirements. The extent of seismic analysis required …

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Karameh Earth Dam, A Challenging Project, Abdallah I. Husein, Robert Y. Liang, Jamal H. Nusairat Apr 1995

Karameh Earth Dam, A Challenging Project, Abdallah I. Husein, Robert Y. Liang, Jamal H. Nusairat

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The under construction Karameh dam is situated in the Dead Sea Rift (32.00°N, 35.50°E), the boundary between the Arabian and African-Sinai plates. The primary seismic source contributing to the hazard at the Karameh dam site is the active Jordan Valley fault which extends from the Dead Sea to the Sea of Galilee (from 30.90°N to 32.93°N at a longitude of 35.50°E), with an expected maximum earthquake magnitude of 7.8, and passes under the right abutment of the dam body. This paper presents the analysis of the dam under the earthquake loading. This includes the stability analysis of dam embankment under …

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River Dike Failure In Japan By Earthquakes In 1993, M. Kaneko, J. Nishikawa, Y. Sasaki, M. Nagase, K. Mamiya Apr 1995

River Dike Failure In Japan By Earthquakes In 1993, M. Kaneko, J. Nishikawa, Y. Sasaki, M. Nagase, K. Mamiya

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Hokkaido, Japan was attacked by earthquakes of magnitude 7.8 twice in January and July, 1993. One is the Kushiro-Oki Earthquake and the other the Hokkaido Nansei-Oki Earthquake. River dikes were severely damaged by liquefaction of sand. The former caused liquefaction of subsided dike materials and the latter caused liquefaction of sand of the foundation bed. Relations between dimensional elements of dike and peat bed and stress relaxation within dike were analyzed. Old channels recently filled with sandy materials were distinguished from pointbar zones in ancient river bed covered with silty sediment, based on degree of damage due to liquefaction. Repairing …

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Response Of Earth Dams Subjected To Obliquely Incident P And Sv Waves, Hassan M. Abouseeda, Panos Dakoulas Apr 1995

Response Of Earth Dams Subjected To Obliquely Incident P And Sv Waves, Hassan M. Abouseeda, Panos Dakoulas

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A study of the effects of dam-foundation interaction on the response of earth dams to obliquely incident P and SV waves is presented. The numerical formulation combines the Finite Element Method and the Boundary Equation Method in a powerful hybrid technique. The FEM has been proven very efficient for finite size elastodynamics problems, but several previously suggested modifications for handling infinite domain dynamic problems seem to be either computationally expensive or have serious limitations on the geometry and excitation. The BEM is employed to solve the half space problem using exact Green's functions to compute the half space stiffness, which …

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Discussions And Replies — Session Vi, Multiple Authors Apr 1995

Discussions And Replies — Session Vi, Multiple Authors

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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Seismic Microzonation Considering Long Period Components, M. B. Karkee, Y. Sugimura Apr 1995

Seismic Microzonation Considering Long Period Components, M. B. Karkee, Y. Sugimura

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A methodology for characterizing the different levels of incident motion for micro zonation is discussed. Relatively long period components, which dominate the nonlinear response of soft sites at higher level of excitation, are suitably accounted for. Incident motions with the defined characteristics are generated by two step iteration scheme, and a seismic micro zonation example based on the nonlinear response analysis of a soil profile database system is presented. Effectiveness of a new micro zonation parameter, defined as Spectrum Intensity Amplification (SIA), to represent the extent of ground shaking hazard is examined and is found to represent well the damage …

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Microzonation Studies For Lake Maracaibo Coastal Protection System, John P. Sully, Enrique Gajardo, Juan Murria, Jasinto Abi Saab Apr 1995

Microzonation Studies For Lake Maracaibo Coastal Protection System, John P. Sully, Enrique Gajardo, Juan Murria, Jasinto Abi Saab

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The methodology used for an initial seismic zonation is briefly introduced and then developed to provide details of a microzonation presently in progress for the Costa Oriental del Lago Maracaibo coastal dyke protection system. The microzonation is focused towards the evaluation of dynamic site response of selected representative soil profiles. The results of the study are to be applied for evaluation of seismic stability and deformation mechanisms for the coastal dyke system with a view to defining remedial measures for critical sections of the linear earth structure.

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Estimation Of Local Site Conditions In Kushiro City Based On Array Observation Of Microtremors, Kohji Tokimatsu, Hiroshi Arai Apr 1995

Estimation Of Local Site Conditions In Kushiro City Based On Array Observation Of Microtremors, Kohji Tokimatsu, Hiroshi Arai

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Possible use of short-period microtremors is explored for estimating the effects of subsurface soil conditions on the ground motion characteristics. For this purpose, microtremor measurements are conducted using arrays of sensors at two strong motion stations (Kushiro Japan Meteorological Agency and Kushiro Harbor, Hokkaido, Japan), which are located nearby but on different soils. Based on the F-k spectrum analysis of microtremors, dispersion curves of Rayleigh waves for the sites are determined. The inverse analysis of these dispersion curves results in shear wave velocity profiles down to a depth of 300 m. With these profiles, the spectrum ratio of ground surface …

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Uniform Probability Response Spectra For Selecting Site Specific Design Motions, M. I. Todorovska Apr 1995

Uniform Probability Response Spectra For Selecting Site Specific Design Motions, M. I. Todorovska

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

In the majority of the current building codes, the shape of a design spectrum is defined by considering only the local soil conditions. This paper examines the validity of this simplification. In particular, it is shown how effects of "deep soil" or "rock soil" conditions on uniform probability site specific spectra can be simulated by varying the geological site conditions (depth of sediments) and the distance from the fault. On the basis of the results presented in the paper and similar results from earlier papers considering the effects of the choice of the geometry of the model fault and the …

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Disclaimer, Multiple Authors Apr 1995

Disclaimer, Multiple Authors

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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Preface, Shamsher Prakash Apr 1995

Preface, Shamsher Prakash

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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Proceedings, Shamsher Prakash Apr 1995

Proceedings, Shamsher Prakash

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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Conference Photos, Multiple People Apr 1995

Conference Photos, Multiple People

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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Organizing Committee Meeting: Agenda And Minutes, Multiple People Apr 1995

Organizing Committee Meeting: Agenda And Minutes, Multiple People

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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Dynamic Geotechnical Comparative Testing Capability, W. Henke, R. Henke Apr 1995

Dynamic Geotechnical Comparative Testing Capability, W. Henke, R. Henke

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A concept and preliminary design are presented for a special testing capability to be added to an existing large laboratory geotechnical testing chamber. The modified chamber is intended to allow, through comparative testing, the reasonably rigorous evaluation of methods for providing detailed information, for soil deposits, on in situ undegraded nonlinear inelastic shear stress vs strain characteristics needed for dynamic geotechnical earthquake engineering analyses. Basically, the added capability is to be a large resonant column-like torsional testing system that tests the entire chamber sample and allows access to the center of the sample for the testing of the method to …

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High Pressure Cyclic Triaxial Tests, Jianren Wang, Clay E. Sams, John D. Lawrence, Harry Johnson Apr 1995

High Pressure Cyclic Triaxial Tests, Jianren Wang, Clay E. Sams, John D. Lawrence, Harry Johnson

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Shear modulus and damping from high pressure (up to 500 psi) cyclic triaxial tests of soils are presented. The test results are compared with published models where low confining pressures were used. The apparatus and test setup for the high pressure tests are also discussed.

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Study On Cyclic Shear Strength Of Soils From Different Methods, Chi-Tso Chang, Jin-Hung Hwang Apr 1995

Study On Cyclic Shear Strength Of Soils From Different Methods, Chi-Tso Chang, Jin-Hung Hwang

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

This paper compares the cyclic strengths of soils from different methods using intensive investigations at a recent alluvial site on the southwest Taiwan. Generally speaking, the cyclic shear strengths deduced from different methods exhibit the following trend: Block sample > Tube sample ↔ SPT -N (Standard Penetration Test) method > seismic Vs method > CPT-qc (Cone Penetration Test) method.

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High Strain Rate Testing Of Unsaturated Sands Using A Split-Hopkinson Pressure Bar, G. E. Veyera, C. A. Ross Apr 1995

High Strain Rate Testing Of Unsaturated Sands Using A Split-Hopkinson Pressure Bar, G. E. Veyera, C. A. Ross

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

High strain rate tests were conducted on specimens of three different sands at saturations varying from dry to 100% using a Split-Hopkinson Pressure Bar. Compacted specimens were subjected to undrained uniaxial confined compression at approximate strain rates of 1000/s and 2000/s by an approximate square wave input of 225 MPa with a pulse length of 250 µs. The stress-strain curves show an initially steep portion which appears to be strain rate independent. Beyond this, slopes are about the same up to the lock-up strain, an abrupt change in slope, indicating an increase in stiffness. The effect of increasing saturation is …

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Soil Damping And Its Use In Dynamic Analyses, A. K. Ashmawy, R. Salgado, S. Guha, V. P. Drnevich Apr 1995

Soil Damping And Its Use In Dynamic Analyses, A. K. Ashmawy, R. Salgado, S. Guha, V. P. Drnevich

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Soil response under dynamic loading has been modeled using linear-viscoelasticity for many decades. The definitions of various damping-related quantities are reviewed and the implications of their use in the analysis of continuous masses are given. The selection of an equivalent damping ratio as a parameter for modeling damping in most geotechnical applications is discussed together with the assumptions underlying the selection procedure. The techniques for damping determination using laboratory testing are summarized, emphasizing the influence that factors such as apparatus type, loading path, rate of loading, and strain level have on the measurement. Disturbance effects in samples recovered from the …

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Stress Dependence Of Sand Stiffness, D. C. F. Lo Presti, M. Jamiolkowski, O. Pallara, V. Pisciotta, S. Ture Apr 1995

Stress Dependence Of Sand Stiffness, D. C. F. Lo Presti, M. Jamiolkowski, O. Pallara, V. Pisciotta, S. Ture

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The stress dependence of the Young's modulus of two sands was studied with a computer controlled triaxial apparatus, capable of giving reliable measurements of the stiffness even at very small strains ≈ 0.001 %. It was therefore possible to determine the Young's modulus of the sands for a wide strain range, from very small to very large, up to 20 %. The tested sands were: a uniform fine quartz sand not containing fines (Toyoura sand- TOS), and a well graded coarse to medium carbonatic, crushable sand containing about 2% of fines (Quiou sand - QS). The specimens were reconstituted in …

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Evaluation Of Bender Elements For Use With Coarse-Grained Soils, S. Nazarian, S. S. Baig Apr 1995

Evaluation Of Bender Elements For Use With Coarse-Grained Soils, S. Nazarian, S. S. Baig

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The feasibility of using piezo-ceramic bender elements for measuring shear modulus of coarse materials has been reported. If was found that moduli obtained from bender element are repeatable. The results in most cases compare favorably with those obtained by resonant column.

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Static Shear And Liquefaction Potential Of Sand, Chung-Jung Lee Apr 1995

Static Shear And Liquefaction Potential Of Sand, Chung-Jung Lee

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The state parameter, which describes the initial state of sand before shearing, combining with the concepts of critical stress ratio line and phase transform line are used to assess the characteristics of sand during shearing. The state parameter of each tested sample is determined after the steady state line is constructed, and then relations of characteristics of the cyclic deformation behavior and the state parameter of sand are discussed. The value of the lowest point, Sup1 on the CSR line in the p’ – q plot is related to ec for a specific sand. Once the stress path of …

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Effects Of Earthquake Induced Rates Of Shearing On Residual Soil Strength, Achilleas N. Parathiras Apr 1995

Effects Of Earthquake Induced Rates Of Shearing On Residual Soil Strength, Achilleas N. Parathiras

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The behavior of soils when sheared at high rates of displacement, such as those which may be induced by earthquakes, has been investigated by means of the ring shear apparatus. Plastic and non-plastic soils were tested normally and over-consolidated, remoulded and dry, submerged and non-submerged in water, in order to assess the effect which the stress history and the presence of water in the matrix and the environment of the sample have on its response upon fast shearing. It was concluded that two types of behavior exist which depend on the nature of each sample and the presence of water …

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Effect Of Fines Content On The Cyclic Undrained Behavior Of Sand, D. Erten, M. H. Maher Apr 1995

Effect Of Fines Content On The Cyclic Undrained Behavior Of Sand, D. Erten, M. H. Maher

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The influence of fines on the liquefaction potential of sandy soils has been studied by conducting isotropically consolidated stress controlled triaxial tests. Experimental results are compared with predictions using the theory developed by Nasser and Shokooh which is based on energy considerations. The theory determines the excess pore water pressure in terms of the number of cycles N, the dimensionless shear stress amplitude, and the initial and minimum values of the void ratio. The comparisons show good agreement between experimental data and model predictions for the pore water generation under cyclic loading for both loose and medium sands and medium …

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Static And Dynamic Strength Properties Of A Fiber-Reinforced Compacted Cohesive Soil, R. M. Ai Wahab, G. B. Heckel Apr 1995

Static And Dynamic Strength Properties Of A Fiber-Reinforced Compacted Cohesive Soil, R. M. Ai Wahab, G. B. Heckel

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Soil reinforcement with randomly oriented, individual synthetic fibers has been applied to laboratory specimens of a compacted cohesive soil. Fiber contents of up to 1.0% by soil dry weight were mixed with the soil. Data from unconfined compression (static) testing and resilient modulus (dynamic) testing have been presented. Experimental work showed that the fibers increased the soil unconfined compressive strength, ductility, toughness, static and dynamic energy absorption capacities, the resilient strain and the number of cycles to failure. The soil resilient modulus and the permanent strain both decreased with the increase in fiber content.

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Soil-Pile-Structure During Liquefaction On Centrifuge, Masayoshi Sato, Yasuhiro Shamoto, Jian-Min Zhang Apr 1995

Soil-Pile-Structure During Liquefaction On Centrifuge, Masayoshi Sato, Yasuhiro Shamoto, Jian-Min Zhang

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Larger scale dynamic centrifuge modeling has been used to examine the behavior of a soilpile-structure system during earthquake-induced liquefaction. The model consisting of a 3 x 3-pile supported structure and a saturated sand deposit was constructed in a laminar container with the inside dimensions of 74-cm length, 50-cm height and 34-cm width. Test results show that liquefaction occurred only within a finite zone in the saturated sand deposit subjected to a strong input shaking that corresponds to a maximum earthquake acceleration of 0.3 g induced probably in actual ground, which agrees well with the results of earthquake damage investigation; moreover, …

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Earthquake Input Motions For Physical Model Tests, Gregg L. Fiegel, I. M. Ldriss, Bruce L. Kutter Apr 1995

Earthquake Input Motions For Physical Model Tests, Gregg L. Fiegel, I. M. Ldriss, Bruce L. Kutter

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The results from several dynamic centrifuge experiments are presented in this paper; the experiments were performed as part of a study to assess the influence of local site conditions on earthquake ground motions. Medium dense dry sand and saturated soft clay models were subjected to the accelerogram recorded at Santa Cruz during the 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake. Scaled versions of the input motion were used to shake the soil models; in addition, different time steps were used in order to study the effects of frequency content of the input motion. The results confirm that the characteristics of the input motion …

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Dynamic Deformation Characteristics Of Rockfill Materials From Laboratory Test, In-Situ Test And Earthquake Motion Analysis, Tomoya Lwashita, Nario Yasuda, Akira Nakamura, Osamu Takeda Apr 1995

Dynamic Deformation Characteristics Of Rockfill Materials From Laboratory Test, In-Situ Test And Earthquake Motion Analysis, Tomoya Lwashita, Nario Yasuda, Akira Nakamura, Osamu Takeda

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

On dynamic analyses of rockfill dams, dynamic deformation characteristics of rockfill materials such as shear moduli and damping ratios must be known to make analysis more accurate. In this study, large-scale cyclic triaxial tests were carried out using rockfill materials of actual dams, and the results were compared with the dynamic deformation characteristics obtained by in-situ geophysical explorations and response analyses of earthquake motions observed at dams. Furthermore, the radiation damping ratio was estimated from response analyses and laboratory tests, and then the frequency and strain dependency characteristics of the radiation damping were evaluated.

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Microconcrete Subjected To Static And Dynamic Compression Loadings, Bassam Hwaija Apr 1995

Microconcrete Subjected To Static And Dynamic Compression Loadings, Bassam Hwaija

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The object of our paper is to consider the influence of the particularly important factor, and to achieve a model describing the behavior of the microconcrete. The specimens have been loaded in rates ranging from 0.0001 to 800 (1/s). The results are discussed available in the literature.

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Dynamic Centrifuge Experiment On A Cantilever Retaining Wall, M. M. Dewoolkar, A. T. Stadler, S. N. Batiste, H. Y. Ko, R. Y. S. Pak Apr 1995

Dynamic Centrifuge Experiment On A Cantilever Retaining Wall, M. M. Dewoolkar, A. T. Stadler, S. N. Batiste, H. Y. Ko, R. Y. S. Pak

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Seismic loads on a tall, cantilever retaining wall were studied using centrifuge modeling. An aluminum wall (55' prototype) retaining dry, cohesionless backfill was subjected to two successive dynamic events. The backfill surface was horizontal and even with the top of the wall. The input motion was supplied via a servo-controlled, electro-hydraulic shake table. The input motion was roughly sinusoidal with peak horizontal accelerations of approximately 0.2g and 0.4g for the first and second dynamic events, respectively. The input motion frequency was 1 hz at prototype scale. Lateral earth pressures on the wall, wall displacement, and accelerations of the wall and …

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