Health and Physical Education Commons^™

Guest Editors' Introduction To The Special Issue, Diversity In Aquatics, Angela K. Beale-Tawfeeq, Steven N. Waller Ph.D., Austin Anderson

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

This is the introductory editorial leading off the special issue, "Diversity in Aquatics."

Developing And Implementing A Community-Level Para-Swimming Program, Mariett Teixeira Matias, Milena M. Parent

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

The purpose of this study was to examine the basic conditions required to implement a para-swimming program at the community level. This was undertaken using a qualitative benchmarking approach based on documents/literature and semi-structured interviews with representatives from 13 countries as well as from the International Paralympic Committee’s Agitos Foundation. Results indicate that successful community-level para-swimming programs should focus on promoting the inclusion of para-swimmers in swimming clubs, with integration being a step towards inclusion. The basic conditions needed to do so include facilities and logistics, financial, and human resource needs. Findings also highlight the importance of the local context …

Navigating Rough Waters: Public Swimming Pools, Discrimination, And The Law, Steven N. Waller Ph.D., Jim Bemiller Jd

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Historically, swimming pools have been a focal point of racial tension. Discrimination and segregation are inextricably tied to the history of public swimming usage in the United States. Pools are public spaces that are physically and visually intimate. History has revealed that both de jure (enacted through the law by the government) and de facto (occurs through social interaction) discrimination have contributed to segregatory practices in the United States. The purpose of this article is twofold: 1) to examine the social pattern of discrimination that has stymied the growth of swimming in communities of color in the United States; and …

Modeling Initial Participation Of Diverse Communities In Competitive Swimming, Dane W. Wolfrom, Emily J. Murray, Angela M. Dominguez

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

This research note introduces the Initial Participation Model, which theorizes continued participation in a activity or group before individuals make commitment is a function of: enjoyment, feeling of inclusion, and/or involvement opportunities. The specific focus of this research is investigating how deficiency in enjoyment, feeling of inclusion, and involvement opportunities may discourage continuing participation in competitive swimming by underrepresented populations such as African American, Black, Hispanic, Latino, Native American, Pacific Islander and low-socioeconomic communities. Details explain how initial participation differs from other sport stages by emphasizing participation; relating to program instead of sport; and resetting each time an individual joins …

Reestablishing A Culture Of Water Competency At An Hbcu, Knolan C. Rawlins

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

African American children ages 5 – 19 years drown in swimming pools at rates of 5.5 times higher than those of whites (Gilchrist & Parker, 2014). Literature suggested culture is the culprit for this disparity. A fear of water dates to slavery (Pitts, 2007). After slavery was abolished, the memory of drowning remained part of the African American culture. In the twentieth century, the popularity of swimming grew with the increase in public pools. The era of the Jim Crow laws kept African Americans out of public pools (Pitts, 2007). Although the political landscape has shifted since the Jim Crow …

Creating A More Collaborative Tomorrow: Development Of A Patient Engagement Curriculum For A School Of Nursing And Health Professions, Alicia Digiammarino

Master's Projects and Capstones

Background: Healthcare has been moving steadily toward a patient-centered paradigm that seeks to involve patients more in their own care. Teaching communication skills to future health professionals can increase such patient participation. Despite the shift to patient-centered care, there is almost no training in patient engagement techniques provided to students at the University of San Francisco School of Nursing and Health Professions. Purpose: This project aimed to design and develop a sustainable patient engagement curriculum that meets the unique needs of faculty and students at the University. Methods: Interviews were conducted with eight faculty members to understand …

High School Age Students With Disabilities And Social Interaction In A General Education Physical Education Setting, Kelsey B. Hannan

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study focused on the social interaction of high school age students with disabilities in a general physical education setting. The study included two students in tenth grade in an adaptive physical education class. The students attend a high school in a suburban northern New Jersey school district. The two students chosen for this study have a documented diagnosis of autism and are placed in the adaptive physical education class at the high school. The adaptive physical education class is separate from the general physical education classes. All students in this adaptive physical education program have either …

High School Physical Education And Its Effects On Fitness Center Participation After Graduation: A Case Study, David C. Barney, Nathan Kahaialii

Faculty Publications

For those that send off their child into the world, it is hoped they will recall what was taught to them. This applies to high school (HS) physical education (PE) teachers and their students that graduate from HS. The purpose of this case study was to assess current HS PE teachers, fitness club personnel, those that frequent fitness clubs and current HS students regarding HS PE preparing HS students for real world application regarding fitness. Participants from these four groups were interviewed to help better understand the preparation of graduated HS students participating in health clubs. From this case study …

The Use Of Bicycle Desks To Increase Physical Activity In Two Special Education Classrooms, Alicia Fedewa, Colleen Cornelius, Elizabeth Whitney, Soyeon Ahn, Mary Comis

Educational, School, and Counseling Psychology Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND

Although the literature has predominantly focused on elementary youth, preliminary findings indicate that attentional benefits may arise from adolescent physical activity as well. Limited research has examined the impact of classroom-based physical activity for secondary students, and no research to date has explored bicycle workstations as a means to improve physical activity within the special education classroom.

PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURE

Two special education resource classrooms within a high school took part in the research study. Students were given the option of riding on the bike or sitting on chairs in each classroom. Heart rate, calories, miles, time, and on-task …

The Influence Of The Educational Environment On College Student Activity Behaviors, Helen M. Ziegler

Dissertations

Healthy Campus 2020, an initiative that provides a framework to support campuses in improving the health of their students, staff, and faculty, recognizes physical activity as one of the top eleven priorities for positively influencing health risk behaviors in college populations (American College Health Association, 2012). However, there is not much research to support the best way to influence physical activity behaviors and what types of programs and facilities can provide the greatest impact. The purpose of this study was to investigate which components or programs within the higher education environment have the greatest influence on college students’ intention to …

Nebline, August 2018

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Feature: Nutrition Education Kits developed by Extension help LPS students learn about nutrition and physical activity

Food & Health

Farm & Acreage

Pests & Wildlife

Horticulture

Early Childhood

4-H & Youth

and other extension news and events

Special pullout section: Lancaster County Super Fair 2018 Schedule & Map

Cardiorespiratory Fitness In Children: Evidence For Criterion-Referenced Cut-Points, Diego Augusto Santos Silva, Justin J. Lang, Joel D. Barnes, Grant Tomkinson, Mark S. Tremblay

Education, Health & Behavior Studies Faculty Publications

Introduction

Criterion-referenced cut-points for field-based cardiorespiratory fitness for children (CRF) are lacking. This study determined: (a) the association between CRF and obesity, (b) the optimal cut-points for low CRF associated with obesity in children, and (c) the association between obesity and peak oxygen uptake () estimated from the 20-m shuttle run test using two different prediction equations.

Methods

A total of 8,740 children aged 10.1±1.2 were recruited from 11 sites across Canada. CRF was assessed using 20mSRT reported as running speed at the last completed stage, number of completed laps and predicted , which was estimated at the age by …

Effects Of Isokinetic Eccentric Versus Traditional Lower Body Multiple-Joint Resistance Training On Muscle Function In Recreationally Trained College-Aged Adults, Joshua P. Gordon

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

Purpose: Early adaptations of eccentric training show several advantages over concentric training. The purpose of this study was to quantify the effects of 4 weeks of multi-joint eccentric training versus traditional leg press training on muscle strength, rate of torque development (RTD; rapid strength) and jump and sprint performance adaptations.

Methods: Twenty-six resistance trained college-aged men and women performed either an eccentric or a traditional (control) resistance training program twice per week for 4 weeks. Single-joint isometric maximum and rapid strength (Biodex dynamometer; peak torque and RTD, respectively) and isokinetic strength of the knee extensors and flexors, maximum multi-joint eccentric …

A Study Of The Purpose And Value Of Recess In Elementary Schools As Perceived By Teachers And Administrators, Vickie Beard

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Children spend at least seven and a half hours or 46.9% of their waking hours in the school setting, which brings a unique responsibility to schools (Beighle, Erwin, Morgan, & Alderman, 2012). School systems are expected to educate children according to adopted state standards and encourage a healthy, active lifestyle. The concept then is to increase knowledge by putting focus on academic achievement as well as promoting good citizenship by developing children’s social, emotional, and physical development, which happens during recess. Yet, recess and free play opportunities are on the decline in school systems across our nation. This reduction or …

An Examination Of Concussion Understanding Among Parents Of High School Female Student Athletes, Kelly Hartley

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Few online concussion education programs have been developed specifically for parents, and those that have been tend to neglect the fact that concussion rates are higher in female rather than male student athletes (Donaldson et al., 2016; Macdonald & Hauber, 2016; Williamson et al., 2014). This quantitative study is important because it addressed gaps in the concussion education literature. The purpose of this study was to examine whether concussion symptoms knowledge and general youth sports-related concussion knowledge was significantly higher among parents of female student athletes who watched the Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s Heads Up concussion videos (intervention …

School Climate: A Comparison Of Teachers, Students, And Parents, James A. Jacobs

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study was designed to examine the benefits of positive school climate and to measure the perceptions of school climate for intermediate grades in a Northeast Tennessee School district. An online school climate survey was used to collect responses from participants in intermediate grades and focused on the 3 major components of school climate: school engagement, school environment, and school safety. Data were collected for 2 consecutive years in 2016-2017 and 2017-2018. Response totals included 1,955 student responses, 116 teacher responses, and 210 parent responses that were analyzed and used for this study. Of the student totals, some students that …

Effect Of Sensory Stimulation In Physical Activity On Academic Achievement And Classroom Behavior In Elementary Students, Maryann Mitts

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Technological advancements and increased screen time has increased sedentary activity and altered the brain development of children. With the reduction of PE and recess in schools, increasing sensory stimulating physical activity can be pivotal in cognitive and behavioral development. Activities such as rolling and spinning enhance the sensory system in organizing and filtering information efficiently for quicker and more appropriate responses to stimuli. This study investigated the effect sensory stimulation had on auditory memory, reading levels and behaviors of elementary students.

During a 6-week period, 176 students, grades 1-5, participated in the sensory maze Minds in Motion, 15 sensory activities …

Flipping The Flipped: The Co-Creational Classroom, Vuk Uskoković

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

The flip teaching model is being increasingly adopted by higher education institutions as an active learning alternative to traditional lecturing. However, the flip model shares a number of critical premises with the classical didactics. The further flips of the flip are thus advocated and the fear of returning the method to its initial state, prior to the flip, via such flips of the flipped dispelled. Proposed here is a seminal variation to the flip model based on the active involvement of students in searching, finding, selecting, and assembling knowledge from various literature sources into the learning material for the entire …

Prevalence And Predictors Of Anxiety In Healthcare Professions Students, Kelly Macauley, Laura Plummer, Charlotte Bemis, Genevieve Brock, Christine Larson, Johanna Spangler

Health Professions Education

Purpose: The prevalence and severity of anxiety among students is increasing. Elevated levels of anxiety may decrease students’ academic performance, professionalism, and their ability to manage elements of patient care. Anxiety and the impact of anxiety have been well studied in medical and nursing students, but it has not been investigated as much in other healthcare professions programs. The purpose of the study is to describe the prevalence and determine predictors of anxiety in healthcare professions students

Methods: Three-hundred and fifty-one, first and second year Doctor of Physical Therapy, Master of Science in Communication Science Disorders, and Master of Physician …

Functional Performance Deficits In Adolescent Athletes With A History Of Lateral Ankle Sprain(S), Jupil Ko, Adam B. Rosen, Cathleen N. Brown

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Objective

To determine if adolescent athletes with a history of lateral ankle sprain(s) (LAS) displayed deficits on functional performance tests (FPTs) and if deficits on FPT were related to the number of previous LAS.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Biomechanics Laboratory.

Participants

The injured group (n = 24) had a history of ≥1 moderate-severe LAS. The uninjured group (n = 34) had no history of LAS.

Main outcome measure(s)

The average reach distance of three trials in each direction of the star excursion balance test (SEBT) was normalized to leg length (%). The average of two trials of single-leg-hop test (SLHT) …

The Perceptions And Attitudes Of Undergraduate Healthcare Sciences Students Of Feedback: A Qualitative Study, Lama S. Alfehaid, Amenah Qotineh, Nada Alsuhebany, Shmylan Alharbi, Hind Almodaimegh

Health Professions Education

Purpose: Regardless of the importance of feedback, many students are dissatisfied with the feedback they receive. This study was conducted to evaluate undergraduate healthcare sciences students' perceptions and attitudes toward, and their lived experiences of feedback

Methods: To evaluate undergraduate healthcare sciences students' perceptions and attitudes toward feedback using a descriptive approach. A Phenomenological qualitative study. Healthcare sciences students were invited to participate in semi-structured focus groups interviews; open-ended questions were developed per the study objectives and the knowledge deficit to guide the discussion.

Results: Five major themes were apparent during the discussion regarding the perceptions and attitudes of healthcare …

Using Competency-Based Curriculum Design To Create A Health Professions Education Certificate Program The Meets The Needs Of Students, Administrators, Faculty, And Patients, Laura Parson, Brandon Childs, Picandra Elzie

Health Professions Education

Introduction: Health Professions Education (HPE) programs emerged to train faculty in teaching and learning within the higher education context. HPE programs are motivated by the belief that faculty trained in teaching and learning will ultimately improve patient care through improved preparation of future practitioners and improved test scores that impact the careers of health professionals and the prestige of the institutions.

Methods: We followed a modified Delphi method for data collection and analyzed data from two in-person focus groups with faculty who work within the health professions at SRU, a collaborative document where health professions faculty filled out information about …

Time To Develop Entrustable Professional Activities For The Saudi-Med Competency Framework, Mona Hmoud Alsheikh, Rania G. Zaini

Health Professions Education

The fundamental pillar of a safe and efficient healthcare system is the competence of the healthcare providers. Judging whether a provider is competent is usually decided about by medical licensing boards. The dire need of competent practitioners has led to pushing the boundaries of mere licensing, and has led to the development of an approach that ensures the proficiency of a medical graduate, culminating into the conception of competency-based medical education (CBME). CBME is an approach to preparing physicians for practice who possess the desired knowledge, skills, and attitude outlined by the careful consideration of societal and patient needs. CBME …

Interventions To Promote Mental Health Literacy In University Students And Their Clinical Educators. A Systematic Review Of Randomised Control Trials, Kristin Lo, Tanvi Gupta, Jennifer L. Keating

Health Professions Education

Purpose: The effects of interventions for improving mental health literacy of health professional students and their clinical educators have not been established. This review analysed interventions to: support mental health literacy, deal with stigma, encourage help-seeking behaviour and improve attitudes towards providing help to those experiencing mental health issues. Method: The full holdings of Medline, PsycINFO, EBM Reviews, Cinahl Plus, ERIC and EMBASE were searched until 16th November 2016. Inclusion criteria were randomised controlled trials of interventions to support mental health delivered to groups or using face to face and / or online delivery methods compared to alternative education, usual …

Ownership And Attitudes Towards Technology Use In Physiotherapy Students From Seven Countries, Dirk Vissers, Michael Rowe, Md. Shofiqul Islam, Jan Taeymans

Health Professions Education

Purpose: To assess differences in prerequisites to blended learning such as technology use and Internet access in an international sample of physiotherapy students from Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Luxembourg, Sudan, Switzerland and South Africa.

Results: Students' digital technology experiences were generally low. They primarily used a smartphone and a laptop to connect to the Internet. However, there was a significant difference between institutions in owning a laptop and access to Internet. Most students preferred learning in environments that included some online components but had never used Twitter or written a blog post and wanted less social media in their learning environments. …

They Treated Us Like Employees Not Trainees: Patient Educator Interns’ Experiences Of Epistemological Shock, Fatmah Almoayad, Alison Ledger

Health Professions Education

Aim: To explore Patient Educator Interns’ (PEIs’) experiences of learning when entering the working environment. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 PEIs. Following a narrative type of analysis, case summaries were prepared, compared and interpreted.

Results: At the beginning of their internship, PEIs held specific desires and expectations concerning the type of training and work they would experience. These included the expectation of explicit educational activities and specific types of work activities. PEIs’ expectations were frequently not met in reality.

Discussion: The findings of the study suggest that new graduates face epistemological shock, which is the challenge of understanding …

Analysis Of Covariance (Ancova) Vs. Moderated Regression (Modreg): Why The Interaction Matters, Jimmie Leppink

Health Professions Education

Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) is a commonly used statistical method in experimental and quasi-experimental studies. One of the fundamental assumptions underlying ANCOVA is that of no interaction between factor and covariate. Unfortunately, many researchers report the outcomes of ANCOVA but not the outcomes of a check on that non-interaction assumption. Through a comparison of ANCOVA (which assumes non-interaction) and moderated regression (MODREG, which allows for interaction) in a worked example, this article demonstrates that omitting the check of the non-interaction assumption comes at the risk of misestimating a treatment effect or other group difference of interest. If there is substantial …

An Analysis Of The Results Of Court Of Arbitration For Sport Doping Awards Involving Athletes Between 1994 And 2008., Genevieve F.E. Birren Esq.

Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences ETDs

The purpose of this study was to create a database of Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) awards coded for a variety of factors and then examine those factors to determine whether they had any relationship to the outcome of the CAS awards involving athletes and doping. The initial pool of awards was downloaded from the CAS website and then each award was read and coded for certain information, specifically case name, year, date decided, division, sport, party role, party name, issue, rule applied, sex, decision, and arbitrators deciding. Once this coding was complete the result was a database of …

Autophagy Is Stimulated By Acute High Intensity Interval Exercise In Human Skeletal Muscle And Electrical Pulse Stimulation In C2c12 Myotubes In Vitro, Kurt A. Escobar

Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences ETDs

Purpose: 1) To compare the effects of an acute bout of HIIT exercise (treadmill running) on autophagy to MICT exercise in human skeletal muscle 3 hours post exercise, and 2) to test an in vitro model of muscle contraction-induced autophagy using electrical pulse stimulation in C2C12 myotubes. Methods: Study 1: Ten recreationally active males and females completed a bout of high intensity interval training (HIIT) exercise and moderate intensity continuous exercise (MICT) exercise in a fasted state. Muscle biopsies from the vastus lateralis were taken pre and 3 hours post-exercise. Muscle tissue was analyzed for protein expression of markers of …

Adapted Aquatics For Children With Severe Motor Impairments, Phillip Conatser, Eric James, Ulku Karabulut

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Available research clearly shows that more children who have disabilities, including those with severe disabilities, are participating in swimming programs as well as wanting to be taught in a regular aquatic class without being segregated. Aquatic instructors need to prepare lessons that include children both with and without disabilities. This means that aquatics instructors need to understand and be willing to implement unique teaching and managerial techniques that foster the safe and successful learning environment for all children. While the task of teaching children who have severe disabilities may seem difficult at first, with a little knowledge and experience, instructors …