Organizational Behavior and Theory Commons^™

Servant Leadership And Conflict Adaptivity In Local Government Leaders, June F. Mighty

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Government organizations’ focus on public service provides a fertile ground for conflict due to competing interests and goals. Conflicts exist and persist because of workplace pressures such as unstable political climates, budget restrictions, technological advances, a diverse workforce, disruptive change, and organizational transformation. Although typically risk-averse, these organizations need flexible and adaptive leaders who exhibit the appropriate behaviors in the best interests of the organization and the community. Servant-leaders seem likely to demonstrate conflict adaptivity due to their focus on serving the needs of followers and other stakeholders, which may require different conflict styles at different times and in different …

Non-Governmental Organizations And Rural Development In Andhra: Challenging Or Reinforcing Social Hierarchies?, Anusha Chaitanya

Graduate Doctoral Dissertations

This research examines how non-governmental organizations (NGOs) working on rural development in Andhra are structured to challenge or reinforce existing hierarchies in the society based on caste and gender, by focusing on NGO leadership. The right to equality as a fundamental right in the Constitution of India recognizes forms of inequality based on caste and gender. This right is significant to note because while most studies on NGOs focus on poverty as the central problem in a neo-liberal state (Dempsey, 2009; Fisher, 1997; Mercer, 2002; Tembo, 2003), they remain incomplete without considering socio-economic factors. These factors not only affect the …

Impacts Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Business Education: Case For The Aacsb’S Agility Standard, Lucy Ojode, Mulugeta Wolde, June Claiborne

Southwestern Business Administration Journal

We explored an undergraduate business program’s navigation of an unplanned change, response to the Covid-19 pandemic-occasioned move to online learning, and the resilience of its curriculum by following cohorts of students through two consecutive courses from the end of 2019 through 2020 up to summer 2021. The exploration was aimed at the assessment of the impact of the pandemic-induced disruptions, i.e., how the school’s curriculum fared through the pandemic. Premised on the school’s accreditor, AACSB’s agility-cultivating curriculum guideline, the curriculum should adapt and stabilize post-pandemic. To identify the appropriate cohort for observation, we scrutinized the four progressive levels of agility …

Administering Online Exams From Hesitantly To Innovatively - A Personal Perspective Through An Action Research, Minh Q. Huynh

Southwestern Business Administration Journal

In the midst of COVID-19, university campuses were shut down and faculty had to move their classes online. The abrupt change opened up many challenges. One of them was how to handle online exams. This paper recounted how one instructor had managed the exams online. The paper presents this experience from an action research perspective. At the core is the narrative that captures the exam design process, the tools used, and the proctoring setup. The results are based on the interpretation of the phenomenon through a lens of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT). The insights …

Learning As Cognition: A Developmental Process For Organizational Learning, Rob E. Carpenter

Human Resource Development Faculty Publications and Presentations

The aim of this article was to present a viewpoint from learning as individual and group cognition for the benefit of organization learning scholarship. The results demonstrate that perspective of intentionality is important for understanding how learning as cognition develops into organizational learning. Organizations that recognize perspective as the agency by which learning as cognition develops organizational learning have a better opportunity to remain competitive. This article provides a basis to advance understanding on how perspective influences learning as cognition as a developmental process for organizational learning.

Lifting An Li, Fg, And/Or Ur Support Program Off The Ground During Covid-19: Successes And Lessons Learned, Lenz Kaspar Bayas, Lisa A. Giacumo, Chantel Early, Kendra Rishell Peterson, Arvin Farid, Briceland Mclaughlin, Donald Plumlee, Mojtaba Sadegh, Tammi Vacha-Haase

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

Researchers describe a need for increased access to and transitional support into STEM graduate education for low-income, academically talented, first-generation and/or underrepresented and minority (LIATFirstGenURM) students. In October 2019, we were awarded an NSF scholarship grant to build infrastructure and provide support to low-income, academically talented, firs-generation, underrepresented, and minority (LIATFirstGenURM) graduate engineering students. As part of the internal evaluation of the program, we interviewed seven enrolled and funded graduate student beneficiaries to determine if they encountered any barriers during their recruitment and first semester of graduate study. Additionally, we asked them what support they valued most. We found that …

Changing An Institutional Environment Through Appreciative Inquiry: Rochester Institute Of Technology’S College Of Liberal Arts, Corinna Schlombs, Ann Howard, Caroline Delong, Jessica Lieberman

The Seneca Falls Dialogues Journal

This article introduces readers to Appreciative Inquiry as a form of feminist engagement in higher education. Appreciative Inquiry is a strength-based approach to organizational change that builds on positive psychology as well as social construction of language. At Rochester Institute’s College of Liberal Arts, a group of women faculty currently pursues an Appreciative Inquiry process to change their institutional environment to make it more beneficial to the success of women (and colleagues of all genders) rather than changing themselves to better fit into the existing environment. At the 2014 Seneca Falls Dialogues, members of this group engaged conference participants in …

Do Community Citizenship Behaviors By Leaders Enhance Team Performance? Evidence From The "Field", Daniel J. Slater

The Journal of Values-Based Leadership

Due to minimal available findings, Rodell (2016) put out a call for more research on the performance outcomes of community focused behaviors such as volunteering while acknowledging the challenge of connecting “social movements to hard data” (p.79). This study answers that call by evaluating the community citizenship behaviors (CCBs) of leaders and the potential influence on team performance. Based on existing theory and findings, this study argues that leaders who engage in CCB are likely to enhance their leadership skills, inspire their followers and produce prosocial contagion and as a result we hypothesize they will increase their team performance. Using …

Conclusion: Female Leaders Using Coercive Power Motivate Subordinates, Mary Kovach

The Journal of Values-Based Leadership

This manuscript advances prior research (Blau, 1964; Elangovan & Xie, 1999; French & Raven, 1959; Goodstadt & Hjelle, 1973; Hegtvedt, 1988; Randolph & Kemery, 2011; Zigarmi, Peyton Roberts, & Randolph, 2015) and capitalizes on supervisory skills using power dynamics within the workplace, by investigating employee effort resulting from gender dissimilar supervisor-employee dyads and employee locus of control. To offer a more focused approach, this is an evaluation specifically on reward and coercive power derived from French and Raven’s (1959) five power bases. This manuscript proposes that the motivation levels of employees change, based on their locus of control and gender. …

The Impact Of Electronic Control On The Level Of Employees Performance In Jordanian Government Financing Institutions, Yaser Adwan, أحمد السرحان

Jerash for Research and Studies Journal مجلة جرش للبحوث والدراسات

The study aimed at identifying the impact of electronic control on the level of employees’ performance in Jordanian government financing institutions. the researchers surveyed all 7 government financing institutions. A questionnaire which includes (34) paragraphs to collect data was desgined the sample consisted of 113 employees. Analysis of the effect of control dimensions (Inputs, operations, employee’s behavior) on employees’ performance were analyzed using the statistical package of social sciences (SPSS).

The study found astatistically significant effect .05 of all electronic control dimensions were found which leads to improving performance of employees in government financing institutions. There is asigificant impact.05 of …

The Nature Of Resilience: A Person-Centered Approach Using Latent Profile Analysis, Yuejia Teng

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Resilience research has become increasingly popular in organizational sciences in recent years. Different factor structures of resilience have been proposed and yet no consensus has been reached regarding its underlying dimensions. Such a variable-centered perspective of studying resilience may be well complemented by a typological approach, which may shed fresh light on the nature of resilience. The current study took a person-centered approach with the advantage of using latent profile analysis to explore a set of latent profiles of resilience. Two studies were conducted. In Study 1 (N = 479), archival undergraduate data were used to explore resilience profiles and …

Understanding The Importance Of Ambition In The Workplace, Jeff Bean

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Though a common term, ambition is a multifaceted concept that is vastly under researched despite it being labeled necessary for success in the workplace. Of even greater irony is that several sources indicate a significant majority of the reason that employees leave organizations is due to a perceived lack of career development or opportunity, a problem that speaks directly to talent management practices. In light the costly nature of this problem and the presence of sophisticated talent management professionals in large and medium-sized organizations which comprise half or more of the workforce, it causes one to question the assumptions that …

Naturalistic Decision Making In First Sales Calls: A Narrative Study Of Experienced Technical Sales Professionals, Douglas Williams

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The first conversation between business-to-business sellers and new customers comes with the potential for both opportunity and risk. Sellers spend substantial effort gaining the right to engage in a first call with a potential customer. This study fills a gap in the literature by exploring the role of Naturalistic Decision Making (NDM) and how it impacts the way experienced technology sales professionals navigate first conversations with new customers. NDM explores how experienced professionals make decisions in high-stakes, real world situations that are ambiguous, time-pressured, and have poorly defined goals. While NDM studies have been performed in other professional disciplines, none …

A Multicase Study Exploring The Motivation Of Support Staff In The Office Of The Registrar, April M. Martin

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Although a large body of research exists within higher education that focuses on factors related to faculty motivation and student motivation, there is limited research concentrated on the motivation of college and university administrative staff. This study examined how job duties, work processes, elements of the work environment, and leadership styles are related to employee motivation, specifically the motivation of front-line support staff who work in the Office of the Registrar. Additionally, I aimed to identify any disconnect between what support staff need and want from supervisors in the Office of the Registrar pertaining to motivation and supervisors’ behavior to …

Two Essays On Antecedents And Effects Of Board Female Representation Non-Conformity, Fatemeh Askarzadeh

Theses and Dissertations in Business Administration

Despite mounting societal demands for board gender diversity, some firms deviate below traditional norms, i.e., under-conform to expectations, while others adhere to them. To explain this variation within a national context, we build on insights from the emerging corporate governance deviance theory and gender role congruity theory. Using panel data on a globally-representative set of firms, Essay 1 shows that firms with higher entrepreneurial orientation are more likely to go below the national norms for board gender diversity. Our results also reveal that having more slack resources weakens the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and under-conformity. This study contributes to the …

The Conflict Between Generations In The Workplace., Francisca De Souza Smith

Business ETD Collections

This paper presents a study on the Conflict of Generations in the Workplace. We live in a period of rapid change, and much knowledge about the incorporation of young people into the labour force has been widely disseminated. According to literature theories, they are called Generation Y. But we must remember the existence of previous generations inserted in the same desktop, they are: Veterans, Baby Boomers and Generation X. Each generation has a perception, and different expectations which can cause conflicts, this subject has been studied by many researchers. The scientific study was based on a theoretical study by several …

Just Because You're Powerless Doesn't Mean They Aren't Out To Get You: Low Power, Paranoia, And Aggression, Michael Schaerer, Trevor Foulk, Christilene Du Plessis, Min Hsuan Tu, Satish Krishnan

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Due to its pervasive negative consequences, failing to understand the origins of paranoia can be costly for organizations. Prior research suggests that powerful employees are particularly likely to experience paranoia as others want to exploit the resources they control, implying that employees low in power should feel less paranoid. In contrast, we build on Conservation of Resources Theory and sociocultural perspectives of power to argue that the inherent vulnerability associated with being low power also evokes paranoia as a protection mechanism. Because paranoia causes employees to form malevolent attributions towards others, we predict that paranoia, in turn, leads to aggressive …

Ambivalent Bosses: An Examination Of Supervisor Expressed Emotional Ambivalence On Subordinate Task Engagement, Jia Hui Lim, Kenneth Tai, Maryam Kouchaki

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Supervisors often have to manage conflicting and contradictory demands in increasingly dynamic work environments. In the process of doing so, they may express emotional ambivalence observed by subordinates. Drawing on emotions as social information (EASI) theory and research on unpredictability and stress, we examine when and why supervisor expressed emotional ambivalence influence subordinate outcomes. In two studies, we find that supervisor expressed emotional ambivalence is indirectly related to subordinate task engagement via supervisor unpredictability (Studies 1 and 2). In addition, supervisor unpredictability and anticipated stress serially mediate the effect of supervisor expressed emotional ambivalence on task engagement (Studies 3 and …

The Impact Of Concession Patterns On Negotiations: When And Why Decreasing Concessions Lead To A Distributive Disadvantage, Kian Siong Tey, Michael Schaerer, Nikhil Madan, Roderick I. Swaab

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

We propose that making a series of decreasing concessions (e.g., $1,500–1,210–1,180–1,170) signals that negotiators are reaching their limit and that this results in a negotiation disadvantage for offer recipients. Although we find that most negotiators do not use this strategy naturally, seven studies (N = 2,311) demonstrate that decreasing concessions causes recipients to make less ambitious counteroffers (Studies 1–5) and reach worse deals (Study 2) in distributive negotiations. We find that this disadvantage occurs because decreasing concessions shape recipients’ expectations of the subsequent offers that will be made, which results in inflated perceptions of the counterparts’ reservation price relative …

Competition And Cheating: Investigating The Role Of Moral Awareness, Moral Identity, And Moral Elevation, Abhijeet K. Vadera, Chandra Shekhar Pathki

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Competition can lead individuals to cheat; yet our knowledge of why competition affects cheating and how to mitigate these effects is limited. To address this limitation, we first contrast two theories: arousal theories of competition (via desire to win) and social cognitive theory (via impaired moral awareness). Our results were consistent with social cognitive theory in that competition impairs moral awareness and that this impairment explains why people cheat. We therefore build on social cognitive theory and show that two factors, moral identity and moral elevation, which are likely to make morality salient, moderated the effects of competition on cheating …