Finance and Financial Management Commons^™

Jpmorgan Chase, Bank Of America, Wells Fargo, And The Mortgage Crisis Of 2008, Lauren Berkshire Hearit

Open Access Theses

The practice of financial public relations is widespread in the field of public relations, but there is little research concerning the practice of financial public relations. In response to the call for additional research on financial public relations, this paper will examine the intersections of financial public relations, issue management, and organizational communication. Specifically, this project will explore how contemporary issue management requires companies to maintain their actional and institutional legitimacy. ^ Following the Financial Crisis of 2008, major banks such as JPMorgan Chase, Bank of America, and Wells Fargo attempted to rebuild stakeholder and shareholder trust in the American …

Differential Impacts Of Structural And Cyclical Unemployment On Mortgage Default And Prepayment, Roberto G. Quercia, Anthony Pennington-Cross, Chao Yue Tian

Finance Faculty Research and Publications

The Great Recession (the fourth quarter of 2007 through the second quarter of 2009) has been characterized by high rates of foreclosures and unemployment. Using a sample of community reinvestment loans, we examine the impact of structural unemployment and cyclical unemployment on mortgage terminations (default and prepayment). We find that mortgage default and prepayment are more sensitive to changes in the structural component of the local unemployment rate than in the cyclical component. In addition, depending on whether structural unemployment rates are high or low, borrowers and lenders react differently to the incentives to terminate a loan.

Two Essays On Stock Repurchases And Insider Trading, Noel Pavel Nangatie Jeutang

College of Business: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The first essay examines how the outcome of prior repurchasing activity influences future repurchasing decisions. We find strong evidence that future decisions to repurchase equity are negatively influenced by poorly timed past repurchases. Specifically, we show that the past losses on stock repurchases reduce the propensity to engage in additional repurchases in the future. We find almost no evidence that past gains on repurchases positively or negatively influence future repurchasing activity. These results are robust to various firm characteristics, estimation and sampling methods. Further analyses show that losses on past repurchases influence dividend policy. We show that the dividend-repurchase substitution …

The Future Of Fannie And Freddie, Mark Calabria, David Reiss, Lawrence White, Mark Willis

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

This is a transcript of a panel discussion titled, “The Future of Fannie and Freddie.” The panelists were Dr. Mark Calabria from the Cato Institute; Professor David Reiss from Brooklyn Law School; Professor Lawrence White from NYU Stern School of Business; and Dr. Mark Willis from NYU’s Furman Center for Real Estate and Urban Policy. The panel was moderated by Professor Michael Levine from NYU School of Law. Panelists looked at economic policy and future prospects for Fannie and Freddie. The remarks have not been edited by the panelists.

Essays On Motivating Investment, J. Reid Cummings

Dissertations, Theses and Capstone Projects (Full IR Collection)

Essay 1

This research examines the relationship between Real Estate Investment Trusts‘ uses of the audit process to increase financial transparency, and their ability to attract and/or maintain reasonable access to capital investment. I find that capital investment is positively and significantly associated with three commonly used audit-related attributes: auditor quality (captured by higher audit fees), auditor specialization (captured by industry-audit specialization), and auditor reputation (captured by the audit firm being a Big 4 auditor). Moreover, I find the positive relationship between capital issuance and auditor fees remains after controlling for the financial crisis of 2007-2008. This positive association between …

Tracking Errors Of Exchange Traded Funds And Index Funds, Rupendra Paliwal

WCBT Working Papers

Exchange traded funds (ETF) are one of the recent financial innovations widely viewed as significantly better investments than mutual funds given their lower fee structure and tax efficiency. Individual investors are increasingly using ETFs tracking most popular stock indices to achieve their investment goals. In some cases, investors are using these ETFs to replace index mutual funds in their long-term portfolios. Thus, it is important to compare the performance of widely held ETFs and index funds in terms of their ability to consistently track the underlying index. Another interesting research question is whether tracking errors of these two investment vehicles …

Qualified Mortgages: An Attempt At Residential Mortgage Stability, Andre Averill

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Managing Systemic Risk In Legal Systems, J.B. Ruhl

Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications

The American legal system has proven remarkably robust even in the face vast and often tumultuous political, social, economic, and technological change. Yet our system of law is not unlike other complex social, biological, and physical systems in exhibiting local fragility in the midst of its global robustness. Understanding how this “robust yet fragile (RYF) dilemma operates in legal systems is important to the extent law is expected to assist in managing systemic risk, the risk of large local or even system-wide failures in other social systems. Indeed, legal system failures have been blamed as partly responsible for disasters such …

A Narrative Investigation Of Consumer Non-Exit In Problematic Irish Retail Financial Service Relationships, Tara Rooney

Doctoral

This study aims to provide understanding as to how customers remain in Irish banking relationships which they acknowledge to be problematic. While the banking industry asserts that inertia is the reason underpinning consumer inaction, the question remains as to how consumers rationalise the decision not to exit when dissatisfied. To this end, the literature review presents a synthesis of consumer relationship theory, dissolution theory and the role of inertia on consumer inaction. The methodology took an interpretative perspective applying a Narrative Analysis approach of fifteen varied participants in Dublin. In semi-structured life history interviews participants outlined their past experiences with …

How Many Stocks Are In The S&P500?, Steven D. Dolvin

All Chapters

Traditionally, the answer is 500, as the index was constructed using the 500 largest companies. However, Google's upcoming stock dividend will change all this. As of April 3, 2014, Google is undergoing a 2:1 split via a stock dividend, as owners of record will receive an additional share -- but of a different nonvoting class stock. This means that there will be two Google share classes being traded. To keep the value in place, the S&P will retain both share classes, meaning there will now be 501 stocks in the S&P500. See article and related video here, CNBC.

The Benefit Of Financial Advisors, Steven D. Dolvin

All Chapters

Many individual investors believe that the primary role of a financial advisor is to "pick stocks." However, research shows that not only are active managers not able to outperform the market consistently, but that the security selection piece is really not the most important determinant of portfolio return. The key issue is asset allocation. A recent report (see article here, InvestmentNews) suggests that financial advisors can add value, but primarily from activities unrelated to security selection: determining asset allocation, helping clients avoid behavioral errors, facilitating rebalancing, reducing fees, and managing taxes and withdrawals.

High Frequency Trading And Market Efficiency, Steven D. Dolvin

All Chapters

Arbitrage is, essentially, taking advantage of mispricing across (or within) markets to earn a risk-free profit. In an efficient market, such opportunities would be rare. A recent Fed report (see article here, Bloomberg) finds that high frequency traders have effectively reduced the number of arbitrage opportunities, thereby improving market efficiency.

Active Vs. Passive, Steven D. Dolvin

All Chapters

Market efficiency suggests that passive funds are the way to go, and average returns tend to support this. However, other investors prefer active strategies. Maybe the answer is not "either....or." As a recent Wall Street Journal article reports, both may provide benefits. See article here.

Financial Risk Management: A Case Study Of The 2010 Winter Olympic Games In Vancouver, Canada, Jillian R. Shoop

Recreation, Parks, and Tourism Administration

Businesses take risks to progress a company forward, but management of that risk is essential for success. Companies can quickly identify early warning signs by creating an ever-evolving financial plan, which also strengthens the company’s vision, mission, goals, and objectives. The purpose of this study was to conduct a case study in financial risk management of the 2010 Vancouver Winter Olympic Games. The organization was evaluated based on an instrument created by the researcher to examine the Vancouver Organizing Committee’s financial risk management plan. The study showed that the Vancouver Organizing Committee created efficient management plans for potential risks and …

An Analysis Of Risk-Taking Behavior For Public Defined Benefit Pension Plans, Nancy Mohan, Ting Zhang

Economics and Finance Faculty Publications

This paper presents the first comprehensive study on the determinants of public pension fund investment risk and reports several new important findings. Unlike private pension plans, public funds undertake more risk if they are underfunded and have lower investment returns in the previous years, consistent with the risk transfer hypothesis. Furthermore, pension funds in states facing fiscal constraints allocate more assets to equity and have higher betas. There also appears to be a herding effect in that CalPERS equity allocation or beta is mimicked by other pension funds. Finally, our results suggest that government accounting standards strongly affect pension fund …

2014 Q1 Market Pulse Report, Craig R. Everett

Pepperdine Market Pulse Report

The quarterly IBBA and M&A Source Market Pulse Survey was created to gain an accurate understanding of the market conditions for businesses being sold in Main Street (values $0-$2MM) and the lower middle market (values $2MM -$50MM). The national survey was conducted with the intent of providing a valuable resource to business owners and their advisors. The IBBA and M&A Source present the Market Pulse Survey with the support of the Pepperdine Private Capital Markets Project and the Graziado School of Business and Management at Pepperdine University.

A Model To Support It Infrastructure Planning And The Allocation Of It Governance Authority, Steven M. Thompson, Peter Ekman, Daniel Selby, Jonathan W. Whitaker

Management Faculty Publications

Information technology (IT) requires a significant investment, involving up to 10.5% of revenue for some firms. Managers responsible for aligning IT investments with their firm's strategy seek to minimize technology costs, while ensuring that the IT infrastructure can accommodate increasing utilization, new software applications, and modifications to existing software applications. It becomes more challenging to align IT infrastructure and IT investments with firm strategy when firms operate in multiple geographic markets, because the firm faces different competitive positions and unique challenges in each market.

We discussed these challenges with IT executives at four Forbes Global 2000 firms headquartered in Northern …

Cost Reduction Strategies & Corporate Governance: The Need For A Paradigm Shift In Public Sector Financial Management In Nigeria, Sunny Ekakitie-Emonena

Bullion

This study is on exposition of the imperatives of cost reduction strategies and corporate governance practices as it relates to financial malfeasance. The mechanics for a paradigm shift discussed include: cost reduction techniques, adoption of cost efficiency techniques and maintenance and reportage of accurate financial records, etc.; along with adoption of sound corporate governance policies of accountability, adherence to regulatory framework, and respect for stakeholders' interest. The study concludes by suggesting further initiatives to 'clean-up and reposition' the sector for growth & economic development. These include: effective justice system, stepping up the policy of cashless economy, entrenching protection programs for …

Does Option Trading Convey Stock Price Information?, Jianfeng Hu

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

After executing option orders, options market makers turn to the stock market to hedge away the underlying stock exposure. As a result, the stock exposure imbalance in option transactions translates into an imbalance in stock transactions. This paper decomposes the total stock order imbalance into an imbalance induced by option transactions and an imbalance independent of options. The analysis shows that the option-induced imbalance significantly predicts future stock returns in the cross section, but the imbalance independent of options only has a transitory price impact. Further investigation suggests that options order flow contains important information about the underlying stock value.

Aggregating Information In Option Transactions, Richard Holowczak, Jianfeng Hu, Liuren Wu

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

The listed options market in the United States trades hundreds of option contracts across different strikes and expirations for each underlying stock. The order flow from these option transactions reveals important information about the underlying stock price movement and its volatility variation. How to aggregate the trade information of different option contracts underlying the same stock presents an important challenge for developing microstructure theories and understanding price discovery mechanisms in the derivatives market. This paper takes options on QQQQ, the Nasdaq 100 tracking stock, as an example and examines different order flow aggregation methods in terms of their effectiveness in …