Accounting Commons^™

Is Sin Always A Sin? The Interaction Effect Of Social Norms And Financial Incentives On Market Participants’ Behavior, Yanju Liu, Hai Lu, Kevin Veenstra

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

Using alcohol, tobacco, and gaming consumption data and people’s attitudes toward these sin products to proxy for social norm acceptance levels, we show a strong interaction effect between social norms and financial incentives, which significantly influence the behavior of market participants. Specifically, institutional investors’ shareholdings and analyst coverage of sin companies increase with the degree of social norm acceptance. The association between shareholdings/coverage and social norm acceptance is less pronounced for firms with higher future expected performance. Our results show that social norms and financial incentives have a powerful interaction effect in determining the behavior of market participants, suggesting that …

Donor And Grantor Reactions To Ceo Compensation In Nonprofit Organizations, Stacey Renee Kaden

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Nonprofit organizations often rely on donations and grants to accomplish their mission. This study examines whether nonprofit organizations with high CEO compensation receive less in donor and grantor support compared to nonprofit organizations with lower CEO compensation. I find strong evidence that both donors and grantors give less to organizations that spend a larger percentage of total expenses on total CEO compensation. I also find that the reactions of donors and grantors differ based on the type of CEO compensation. While donors and grantors react to CEO base compensation, grantors also react to other CEO compensation and nontaxable benefits.

In …

Lost In Translation: Impediments To The Homogenous Interpretation Of Ifrs Translations, Addison N. Scott

Accounting Undergraduate Honors Theses

In order to satisfy the financial needs of an increasingly globalized world, regulators and accounting professionals have pursued the harmonization of national accounting standards through International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). These standards have been adopted in more than 100 countries and are currently available in 47 languages. When financial information is prepared in accordance with IFRS, users of that information may assume that the application of the accounting rules is consistent across countries. In actuality, many differences in interpretation and application can occur because of the difficulties inherent in translating the standards from one language to another. Inconsistent application of …

Bank Accounting Conservatism And Bank Loan Pricing, Chu Yeong Lim, Edward Lee, Asad Kausar, Martin Walker

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

This paper studies the effects of bank accounting conservatism on the pricing of syndicated bank loans. We provide evidence that banks timelier in loss recognition charge higher spreads. We go onto consider what happens to the relationship between spreads and timeliness in loss recognition during the financial crisis. During the crisis, banks timelier in loss recognition increase their spreads to a lesser extent than banks less timely in loss recognition. These findings are broadly consistent with the argument that conditional accounting conservatism serves a governance role. The policy implication is that banks timelier in loss recognition exhibit more prudent and …

Short Sellers And Corporate Disclosures, Qiang Cheng, Xia Chen, Ting Luo, Heng Yue

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

We examine how short sellers affect corporate disclosures using a natural experiment. From May 2005 to July 2007, the SEC implemented a pilot program by randomly selecting one third of Russell 3000 stocks and removing the short sale price tests for these stocks (referred to as pilot firms), leading to lower short-selling constraint, without changing the requirement for other firms (referred to as control firms). We compare the change in corporate disclosures between the pilot firms and the control firms during this period. We find that compared to the control firms, the pilot firms are more likely to issue good …

Causes And Consequences Of Corporate Asset Exchanges By Listed Companies In China, Fang Lou, Jiwei Wang, Hongqi Yuan

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

China's listed companies often exchange corporate assets with their parent companies. We find that listed companies that have been incompletely restructured from former state-owned enterprises and in sound financial condition tend to exchange higher quality assets for lower quality assets (i.e., tunneling). However, when there is a need to avoid reporting a loss and to raise additional capital, listed companies tend to exchange lower quality assets for higher quality assets (i.e., propping). We also find that the market reacts indifferently to asset exchange announcements. Finally, we find asset exchanges motivated by a tunneling (propping) incentive to be associated with poorer …

Checklists & Illustrative Financial Statements, Not-For-Profit Entities, April 30, 2014, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants (Aicpa)

Industry Guides (AAGs), Risk Alerts, and Checklists

No abstract provided.

Autopsy Of The Banking Crisis: Examining The Impact Of Director Characteristics On Bank Failures, Gregory L. Prescott

Dissertations, Theses and Capstone Projects (Full IR Collection)

The catastrophic impact of the recent financial crisis on the banking industry reverberated throughout the United States and had contagion effects worldwide. Congressional inquiries, media scrutiny, and the public alleged failure of the boards of directors to effectively discharge their governance responsibilities. The objective of this study was to investigate how certain characteristics of directors on a bank‘s board are related to bank failure—specifically whether the presence of directors with banking industry–specific experience and accounting expertise is related to a bank‘s likelihood of failure. The study also examined how board director tenure is related to bank failure.

I employed a …

Lease Accounting Convergence Project: What Are The Impacts Of The New Accounting Standards?, Kevin Jirik

Celebrating Scholarship & Creativity Day (2011-2017)

Current US GAAP lease accounting standards, with its four part test, and two forms of accounting for leases has existed since the 1970s. Due to cases such as WorldCom and Enron, where the assigning of other assets to remote bankruptcy entities has caused some of the world's largest bankruptcies and misleading financials. The SEC called for elimination of all off sheet financial arrangements to change the guidelines of financial reporting to better reflect the economic transaction and not distort it. The new proposal has created a Right-of-Use model where new assets and liabilities will be created to represent the value …

An Analysis Of International Corporate Tax Reform, Travis D. Gohman

Celebrating Scholarship & Creativity Day (2011-2017)

This research paper will focus on the current discussion in Washington D.C. regarding the reform of international taxation by the U.S. government. In recent years, multinational companies have been accumulating an ever-increasing amount of undistributed foreign earnings. Critics see this as a loophole to avoid U.S. taxation. Corporations view this as purely a smart business decision since it increases their bottom lines. The primary reason for this trend of not repatriating for foreign earnings is that the U.S. has the highest corporate tax rate of 35 percent. Therefore, with fewer foreign earnings making their way back into the U.S., the …

Capital Gains Tax And Its Effect On Investment, Andrew Long

Celebrating Scholarship & Creativity Day (2011-2017)

Recently, there has been controversy surrounding the capital gains tax. During his state of the union address, President Obama mentioned the case of Debbie Bosanek as a clear indication that the tax is unfair. Debbie is the secretary of Warren Buffet, and happens to pay fewer taxes than her boss. The primary reason for this is through capital gains. The tax rate on long-term capital gains (assets that have been held for over a year), is less than the tax on regular income, with most people paying about 15% on gains (the highest earners now pay 20%).

Legislature on and …

Shadow It And Data Credibility: The Impact Of Shadow Systems In An Erp Environment, Noah Myers, Dr. David Wood

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In recent years, companies have increasingly turned to large software solutions known as ERP (enterprise resource planning) systems to centralize and streamline their accounting information systems. However, this centralization has caused tension with end users because of the system’s rigid structure and unfamiliarity to employees. While ERP’s are often implemented to enhance internal control procedures, in practice, users often circumvent the controls by removing data from the system and manipulating it separately in spreadsheet software. This practice has become commonly known as Shadow IT in the business press.

The Effectiveness Internal Auditing Has To Help Improving Companies, Kelsey Miller

Honors Theses

Internal auditing is an independent consulting activity done within the company to insure and improve a company’s operation. The thesis is going to look at, if internal auditing has good effectiveness and efficiency in helping improve companies. Can internal auditing help a company stay on the right track? In the past, there has been much fraud, lies, scandals made by big companies, like Enron and Worldcom. These upsets have cost investors billions of dollars when the share prices of affected companies collapsed. Internal auditing should be able to know what is going on in the company and create ways to …

Why Do Companies Begin Issuing Earnings Guidance?, Artem Davletshin, Dr. Ted Christensen

Journal of Undergraduate Research

One of the key voluntary disclosures managers can provide to investors is an earnings forecast prior to the end of the accounting period.

Essays On Mergers And Acquisitions, Marcin Krolikowski

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation includes two essays that examine mergers and acquisitions. In the first essay we examine how pay-for-performance influences the quality of merger decisions before and after Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX). Pay-for performance has a significant positive effect on acquirer returns of 0.9% pre-SOX and 1.1% post-SOX around the three day event window. Bidders with high pay-for-performance pay a 23.3% lower merger premium in listed target acquisitions. The positive effect of pay-for-performance is more important for public target acquisitions overall, for small acquirers pre-SOX, and for large acquirers post-SOX. In the long-run, bidders with high pre-merger pay-for-performance experience 27.6% higher returns after …

Alumnus Profile: Joe Adams

Business Exchange

Profile of Joe Adams, managing partner and CEO of McGladrey LLP, the fifth largest assurance, tax and consulting firm in the United States.

The Affordable Care Act Raises The Stakes On Worker Classification; What Does This Mean For The Voluntary Classification Settlement Program, Sagar Parmar

Honors Projects in Accounting

This research considers worker classification and the many implications an employer must consider when classifying a worker as employee or independent contractor. One implication relates to healthcare benefits and healthcare taxes. As such, this research will evaluate the new healthcare taxes and implications resulting from the Affordable Care Act. Furthermore, this research will relate and explain worker classification with regards to the Voluntary Classification Settlement Program. This is a program offered by the Internal Revenue Service allowing employers to prospectively classify workers as employees with tax relief for past misclassification. The healthcare implications from the Affordable Care Act have raised …

Accounting Historians Notebook, 2014, Vol. 37, No. 1 (April) [Whole Issue]

Accounting Historians Notebook

April issue

Accounting History Conference Accounting Society Of China Zhengzhou, Henan, China 12 October 2013, Peter Walnizer

Accounting Historians Notebook

The International Accounting Education Standards Board and International Education Standards (IES’s) Professor Peter Wolnizer Chairman, International Accounting Education Standards Board and Academy Trustee

Prof. Lee Parker Shares Collection At Adelaide’S Annual History Month

Accounting Historians Notebook

Past-president of the Academy of Accounting Historians, Professor Lee Parker, recently sponsored an exhibition of his collection of historical accounting, management and business texts at the library of the University of South Australia, as part of Adelaide’s History Month.