Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering Commons^™

Experimental And Numerical Investigation Of The Mechanism Of Blast Wave Transmission Through A Surrogate Head, Yi Hua, Praveen Akula, Linxia Gu, Jeff Berg, Carl A. Nelson

Mechanical & Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

This work is to develop an experiment-validated numerical model to elucidate the wave transmission mechanisms through a surrogate head under blast loading. Repeated shock tube tests were conducted on a surrogate head, i.e., water-filled polycarbonate shell. Surface strain on the skull simulant and pressure inside the brain simulant were recorded at multiple locations. A numerical model was developed to capture the shock wave propagation within the shock tube and the fluid-structure interaction between the shock wave and the surrogate head. The obtained numerical results were compared with the experimental measurements. The experiment-validated numerical model was then used to further ...

Frontal White Matter Integrity In Adults With Down Syndrome With And Without Dementia, David K. Powell, Allison Caban-Holt, Greg A. Jicha, William C. Robertson, Roberta Davis, Brian T. Gold, Frederick A. Schmitt, Elizabeth Head

Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy Center Faculty Publications

Adults with Down syndrome (DS) are at high risk for developing Alzheimer's disease after the age of 40 years. To detect white matter (WM) changes in the brain linked to dementia, fractional anisotropy (FA) from diffusion tensor imaging was used. We hypothesized that adults with DS without dementia (DS n = 10), DS with dementia (DSAD n = 10) and age matched non-DS subjects (CTL n = 10) would show differential levels of FA and an association with scores from the Brief Praxis Test and the Severe Impairment Battery. WM integrity differences in DS compared with CTL were found predominantly in the ...

Technical Improvements In Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping, Saifeng Liu

Open Access Dissertations and Theses

Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is a promising technique to study tissue properties and function in vivo. The presence of a susceptibility source will lead to a non-local field variation which manifests as a non-local behavior in magnetic resonance phase images. QSM is an ill-posed inverse problem that maps the phase back to the susceptibility source. In practice, the phase images are usually contaminated by background field inhomogeneities. In this thesis, several technical advances in QSM have been made which accelerate the data processing and improve the accuracy of this ill-posed problem. For background field removal, the local spherical mean value ...

Integration Of Time-Resolved Fluorescence And Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy For Intraoperative Detection Of Brain Tumour Margin, Zhaojun Nie

Open Access Dissertations and Theses

The annual incidence rate of tumours in the brain and central nervous system (CNS) was 19.89 per 100,000 persons between 2004 and 2008 in the United States. Surgery is a common treatment option for brain and CNS tumours. Typically, biopsy followed by histological analysis is used to confirm tumour types and margin during neurosurgery as an intraoperative diagnostic tool. However, this biopsy method is invasive, sampling number limited and not in real-time. To overcome these problems, many minimally invasive optical techniques, called optical biopsies, have been developed towards intraoperative diagnosis.

The research work carried out in this dissertation ...

Vicon Motion System, Arezoo Eshraghi

AREZOO ESHRAGHI

No abstract provided.

Characterizing Phantom Arteries With Multi-Channel Laser Ultrasonics And Photo-Acoustics, Jami L. Johnson, Kasper Van Wijk, Michelle Sabick

Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Multi-channel photo-acoustic and laser ultrasonic waves are used to sense the characteristics of proxies for healthy and diseased vessels. The acquisition system is non-contacting and non-invasive with a pulsed laser source and a laser vibrometer detector. As the wave signatures of our targets are typically low in amplitude, we exploit multi-channel acquisition and processing techniques. These are commonly used in seismology to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of data. We identify vessel proxies with a diameter on the order of 1 mm, at a depth of 18 mm. Variations in scattered and photo-acoustic signatures are related to differences in vessel wall ...

Cv, Arezoo Eshraghi

AREZOO ESHRAGHI

No abstract provided.

Design Of Controlled Environment For Tissue Engineering, Malcolm Gerald Lapera

Master's Theses and Project Reports

Design of Controlled Environment for Tissue Engineering

Malcolm Lapera

Tissue engineering aims at relieving the need for donor tissue and organs by developing a process of creating viable tissues in the laboratory setting. With over 120,000 people awaiting a transplant, the need for generating tissue engineered organs is very large [3]. In order for organs to be engineered, a few issues need to be overcome. A work space that both creates an environment which maintains cell viability over an extended period of time as well as accommodates the necessary fabrication equipment will be needed to further tissue engineering research ...

Surface Functionalization And Bioconjugation Of Nanoparticles For Biomedical Applications, Longyan Chen

University of Western Ontario - Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Colloidal inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) have been attracting considerable interest in biomedicine, from drug and gene delivery to imaging, sensing and diagnostics. It is essential to modify the surface of nanoparticles to have enhanced biocompatibility and functionality for the in vitro and in vivo applications, especially in delivering locally and recognizing biomolecules. Herein, the goal of this research work is to develop advanced NPs with well-tailored surface functionalities and/or bio-functionality for the applications in cell tracking and analytes detection.

In the first project, quantum dots incorporating with gelatin nanoparticles (QDs-GNPs) have been developed for bioimaging applications. Two different approaches have ...

A Glycosaminoglycan Based, Modular Tissue Scaffold System For Rapid Assembly Of Perfusable, High Cell Density, Engineered Tissues, Ramkumar Tiruvannamalai-Annamalai, David Randall Armant, Howard W. T Matthew

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research Publications

The limited ability to vascularize and perfuse thick, cell-laden tissue constructs has hindered efforts to engineer complex tissues and organs, including liver, heart and kidney. The emerging field of modular tissue engineering aims to address this limitation by fabricating constructs from the bottom up, with the objective of recreating native tissue architecture and promoting extensive vascularization. In this paper, we report the elements of a simple yet efficient method for fabricating vascularized tissue constructs by fusing biodegradable microcapsules with tunable interior environments. Parenchymal cells of various types, (i.e. trophoblasts, vascular smooth muscle cells, hepatocytes) were suspended in glycosaminoglycan (GAG ...

Correlation Between Energy Distribution Profile And Lev El Of Consciousness, D. K. Chaturvedi Dr.

D. K. Chaturvedi Dr.

The purpose of this experimental study was to determine the energy levels corresponding to the different focal points (Chakras or centers) of the body, which is related with consciousness. In this experiment, the energy level is measured at four different centers, namely, the navel center, the heart center, the throat center and the eye center of the Human beings. The measurements have been taken using Energy Measurement System (EMS) developed at Department of Electrical Engineering, Dayalbagh Education Institute, Dayalbagh, Agra, India, which works on the principle of tissue resistance of body. The probe was placed at different centers and subsequent ...

Image Fusion And Axial Labeling Of The Spine, Brandon Miles

University of Western Ontario - Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

In order to improve radiological diagnosis of back pain and spine disease, two new algorithms have been developed to aid the 75% of Canadians who will suffer from back pain in a given year. With the associated medical imaging required for many of these patients, there is a potential for improvement in both patient care and healthcare economics by increasing the accuracy and efficiency of spine diagnosis. A real-time spine image fusion system and an automatic vertebra/disc labeling system have been developed to address this. Both magnetic resonance (MR) images and computed tomography (CT) images are often acquired for ...

Design And Control Of A 2 Degree Of Freedom Upper Limb Robotic Rehabilitation Device, Patrick Joseph Murphy

Mechanical Engineering Master's Theses

Robotic neurorehabilitation is a rapidly growing field in both research and industry. Robotics offer the ability to create less labor-intensive rehabilitation for therapists, while providing an interactive experience for patients. Robotic therapy also provides the advantage of object data collection for therapists to track patient progress; however, there is still both a clinical and market need for a low-cost, assistive hand rehabilitation system. Therefore, the comprehensive design, control, and initial testing of an actuated, assistive 2 degree of freedom hand rehabilitation system with a virtual environment is presented.

The 2 degree of freedom hand rehabilitation system, named the Navigator hand ...

Design, Prototyping And Bench Testing For Biomedical Devices, Yu Pu

Mechanical Engineering Master's Theses

Bench testing for different torque based devices have different specific requirements, such as load and position requirements. Also, bench testing is very important for torque based devices before they go to real application. Therefore, bench design for new torque sensing product devices is crucial.

Three projects are included in this thesis. The first is the design and bench test for Customized Sensors for Humans Using an Integrated Polymer (C-SHIP). The second is the design and bench test for Patient Customized Ankle Foot Orthotics using Rapid Prototyping. The last is design a testbed for Gear Bearing Drives (GBD).

First, the design ...

Rsvp Keyboard: An Eeg Based Bci Typing System With Context Information Fusion, Umut Orhan

Electrical Engineering Dissertations

Worldwide, there are millions of people with severe motor and speech impairment, which prohibits them from participating in daily functional activities such as personal care. While many individuals may understand language fully and retain cognitive skills, they have no way to produce speech. Communication with other people, especially with their family members and care providers, becomes a significant challenge. Brain computer interface (BCI) is a technology that uses neural signals as the physiological input for various assistive technology applications. In BCIs, electroencephalography (EEG) has drawn increasing attention of the researchers due to noninvasiveness, portability, feasibility, and a relatively low cost ...

Transtibial Prosthesis, Hossein Gholizadeh

Hossein Gholizadeh

No abstract provided.

My Cv (January 2014), Hossein Gholizadeh

Hossein Gholizadeh

No abstract provided.

P&O, Arezoo Eshraghi

AREZOO ESHRAGHI

No abstract provided.

کارگاه اصول نگارش مقالات علمی 1, Dr Alireza Zolfaghari

Dr Alireza Zolfaghari

No abstract provided.

Under-Sampled Reconstructiontechniques For Accelerated Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Mohammad H. Kayvanrad

University of Western Ontario - Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Due to physical and biological constraints and requirements on the minimum resolution and SNR, the acquisition time is relatively long in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Consequently, a limited number of pulse sequences can be run in a clinical MRI session because of constraints on the total acquisition time due to patient comfort and cost considerations. Therefore, it is strongly desired to reduce the acquisition time without compromising the reconstruction quality. This thesis concerns under-sampled reconstruction techniques for acceleration of MRI acquisitions, i.e., parallel imaging and compressed sensing.

While compressed sensing MRI reconstructions are commonly regularized by penalizing the decimated ...