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Biomechanics and Biotransport Commons

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Wearable Sensor-Based Gait And Balance In Elementary And Middle Schools, Sofie Zalatimo, Catherine Semaan 2024 California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo

Wearable Sensor-Based Gait And Balance In Elementary And Middle Schools, Sofie Zalatimo, Catherine Semaan

College of Engineering Summer Undergraduate Research Program

No abstract provided.


Effect Of Tibial Malrotation On Anterior And Posterior Cruciate Ligaments In Bicruciate-Retaining Total Knee Arthroplasty, Muhammad Saakeereen Sa’audi, Abdul Halim Abdullah, Solehuddin Shuib, Muhammad Azim Mat Raffei, Mohd Fairudz Mohd Miswan, Mohd Afzan Mohd Anuar 2024 School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Malaysia

Effect Of Tibial Malrotation On Anterior And Posterior Cruciate Ligaments In Bicruciate-Retaining Total Knee Arthroplasty, Muhammad Saakeereen Sa’Audi, Abdul Halim Abdullah, Solehuddin Shuib, Muhammad Azim Mat Raffei, Mohd Fairudz Mohd Miswan, Mohd Afzan Mohd Anuar

Makara Journal of Technology

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a musculoskeletal disorder specified as a joint disease that affects mostly human joints worldwide. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is performed to restore the affected joint and relieve the symptoms. However, tibial malrotation, which is one of the most common errors in TKA, results in poor function of the implant and pain after the procedure. People with OA often experience limited mobility and cannot accomplish daily tasks. Finite element analysis (FEA) has been widely applied to interpret the biomechanical and kinematic force along the joint and investigate the cruciate ligament’s mechanical behavior. Unfortunately, one of the problems in …


A Prototype Upper Arm Exoskeleton For Evaluating The Response Of Human Subjects To Kinesthetic Feedback, Liam Hawthorne 2024 University of Maine

A Prototype Upper Arm Exoskeleton For Evaluating The Response Of Human Subjects To Kinesthetic Feedback, Liam Hawthorne

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Difficulties walking can originate from a wide variety of conditions, from neurological or musculoskeletal disorders to the effects of increasing age. In most cases, physical therapy in the form of gait rehabilitation plays a critical role in effective patient recovery. Because of the repetitive nature of physical therapy and significant time commitment for both the patient and a physical therapist, the incorporation of technology (such as robot assistance, exoskeletons, and feedback devices) into the rehabilitation process has been investigate to both improve the effectiveness of therapy, as well as allow for self-training between sessions. Although lower limb exoskeletons dominate this …


Contribution Of Collagen Type I To The Mechanical Properties Of Myocardial Tissues At The Micron Level, Adam Baker 2024 Clemson University

Contribution Of Collagen Type I To The Mechanical Properties Of Myocardial Tissues At The Micron Level, Adam Baker

All Dissertations

Collagen is a critical component of the organization and one of the key factors contributing to the mechanical stability of the myocardium. Where cardiomyocytes actuate to contract the heart and deliver blood to the lungs and the entire body, the local collagen network must be able to support the mechanical needs of the heart by enhancing rigidity, reducing the mechanical responsibility of cells, and increasing compliance to add loading capacity during diastole. At an organ-wide level, this has been measured and modeled in many ways. At the tissue level, the mechanical properties have been evaluated using techniques such as bi-axial …


Development Of A High-Throughput Screening Platform To Profile Gene Delivery And Transcriptional Control In Macrophages, Alexis Ivy 2024 University of Arkansas, Fayetteville

Development Of A High-Throughput Screening Platform To Profile Gene Delivery And Transcriptional Control In Macrophages, Alexis Ivy

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Macrophages are an important cell type in the body responsible for orchestrating the inflammatory response and return to homeostasis. Macrophages are often implicated in a multitude of disease pathologies including delayed wound healing, excessive fibrosis, autoimmune disease, and immunosuppression within the tumor microenvironment. Although macrophages have been targeted for therapeutic applications, success in utilizing them has remained elusive due to their relative ease of phenotype switching between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory. The challenge that remains is developing clinically relevant delivery vehicles that can target macrophages without causing a phenotypic switch counter-productive to the desired response. This is especially important when targeting …


Development Of Four-Dimensional Computed Tomography Based Methods To Measure Shoulder Kinematics In Healthy Individuals And In Patients Following Total Shoulder Arthroplasty, James Hunter 2024 Western University

Development Of Four-Dimensional Computed Tomography Based Methods To Measure Shoulder Kinematics In Healthy Individuals And In Patients Following Total Shoulder Arthroplasty, James Hunter

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Dynamic kinematics of the shoulder, particularly the interplay between the glenohumeral and scapulothoracic joints and the changes associated with aging, remain not fully understood. Current research often focuses on simple motions, neglecting more complex movements common in activities of daily living, such as internal rotation to reach behind the back. Post-total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) surgery, many patients experience difficulties with internal rotation, affecting tasks like dressing and bathing. This dissertation employs four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) to enhance understanding of shoulder biomechanics and TSA outcomes by assessing dynamic shoulder kinematics in a healthy population and a post-implant population.

The first objective …


Patient-Specific Musculoskeletal Modeling Of Total Shoulder Arthroplasty, Brendan M. Curran 2024 University of Denver

Patient-Specific Musculoskeletal Modeling Of Total Shoulder Arthroplasty, Brendan M. Curran

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) is often considered a surgery of last resort for patients with debilitating pathologies of the glenohumeral joint such as osteoarthritis, humeral head fracture, and advancing rotator cuff tears. TSA replaces the articulation between the humeral head and the glenoid fossa, with the goals of relieving pain and restoring function. Two types of total shoulder implants are available: Anatomic Total Shoulder Arthroplasty (aTSA) and Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty (rTSA). TSA survivorship is lower than that of the survivorship seen in total knee and hip replacements [1]. Shoulder muscle moment arms and lines of action have been measured …


A Pilot Study Comparing Muscle Activation And Kinematic Parameters Between Professional And Non-Professional Tennis Players, Anton S. Petrenko 2024 Grand Valley State University

A Pilot Study Comparing Muscle Activation And Kinematic Parameters Between Professional And Non-Professional Tennis Players, Anton S. Petrenko

Masters Theses

Tennis, a widely played sport across various age and skill groups, prompts continual skill improvement among competitive players seeking a competitive edge. This study explores two approaches for enhancing playing style: motion capture (MoCap) and surface electromyographic (sEMG) signals. The study addresses a gap in simultaneous examination of MoCap and entire dominant leg muscle activation, particularly concerning the influence of skill level and gender on various tennis strokes. To fill this void, the research records and analyzes MoCap and dominant leg sEMG data during serves and strokes on both court sides. The hypothesis posits differences in muscle activation and body …


Advances In Bone And Orthopedics 2024 Edition, Jean-Philippe Berteau, Laurent Pujo-Menjouet 2024 CUNY College of Staten Island

Advances In Bone And Orthopedics 2024 Edition, Jean-Philippe Berteau, Laurent Pujo-Menjouet

Publications and Research

We are delighted to present the latest edition of ”Advances in Bone and Orthopedics,” a comprehensive compilation of pioneering research and innovative developments in the field. This volume brings together a selection of peer-reviewed abstracts from BONITOS 2024, the Fourth Season of the Bone and Orthopedics Interdisciplinary Symposium, held on May 31st, 2024, at the College of Staten Island in New York. This symposium, a hallmark event in the calendar of professionals dedicated to bone health and orthopedic excellence. The contributions within this volume reflect the breadth and depth of research presented at BONITOS 2024. These abstracts represent cutting-edge studies …


Engineering An Injectable Hydrogel With Self-Assembling 3d Vasculature, Kendyl Cohn 2024 California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo

Engineering An Injectable Hydrogel With Self-Assembling 3d Vasculature, Kendyl Cohn

Master's Theses

This research developed methods for culturing self-assembling capillaries in an injectable gel as a potential method for vascularizing tissue-on-a-chip models to mimic physiological drug delivery. Additionally, a mathematical model was developed as a tool for understanding nutrient delivery and comparison of potential delivery systems. Organs-on-a-chip provide novel platforms for studying biology and physiology in 3D, allow exploration of tissue engineering on a manageable scale, and serve as models for drug screening and drug-delivery testing.

Methods were first developed for co-culture of endothelial cells and fibroblasts (3T3s or HDFs) in 2D, evaluating culture time, seeding density and ratio of HUVECs and …


Foot And Ankle Exoskeleton, Janet M. Velasquez Cabral, Kathryn C. Hamilton, Grant R. Lautze 2024 California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo

Foot And Ankle Exoskeleton, Janet M. Velasquez Cabral, Kathryn C. Hamilton, Grant R. Lautze

Biomedical Engineering

This paper presents a non-motorized foot and ankle exoskeleton to assist persons who have no lower limb or abdominal function. Exoskeletons are defined as “an artificial external supporting structure” [1], they are wearable devices that can be used to assist the capabilities of the human body. Although the exoskeleton must be used with crutches, plantarflexion and dorsiflexion will be implemented within the ankle joint to alleviate strain on the foot and ankle, strategically designed in a way that supports the user so their walking performance is as ideal as possible. Additionally, safety straps will be integrated into the foot portion …


The Development And Enhancement Of A Forward Mathematical Model Of The Human Knee Joint, Seth Coomer 2024 University of Tennessee, Knoxville

The Development And Enhancement Of A Forward Mathematical Model Of The Human Knee Joint, Seth Coomer

Doctoral Dissertations

Degenerative joint disease, or osteoarthritis, is a common occurrence in the knee joint. This can often result in joint pain, decrease in range of motion, and ultimately disability. One way to counteract osteoarthritis is the incorporation of a total knee arthroplasty (TKA). TKAs replace the damaged bone and soft tissue surrounding the knee with metal and polyethylene components. Ideally this will improve the joint’s performance and reduce pain. However, there is still a number of TKA patients who remain dissatisfied. In order to investigate this, in depth research must be done on the design and performance of TKAs.

One such …


Motor Control Quantification And Necessary Improvements For Individuals With Post-Stroke Gait: Implications For Future Customizable Rehabilitation Approaches, Azarang Asadi 2024 University of Tennessee, Knoxville

Motor Control Quantification And Necessary Improvements For Individuals With Post-Stroke Gait: Implications For Future Customizable Rehabilitation Approaches, Azarang Asadi

Doctoral Dissertations

Although often taken for granted, walking is an extremely complex motor skill that requires sensory inputs, neural communication, advanced control strategies, and coordination of the muscles and joints. Electrical signals traveling from the brain to the muscles are transformed to mechanical forces to achieve desired motion. A stroke damages the central nervous system and neural pathways, limiting the ability of survivors to walk. Walking speed is significantly decreased and asymmetrical walking patterns emerge. A crucial component of stroke rehabilitation is gait training, a therapeutic intervention to help individuals to improve their walking ability, as walking is essential for functional independence …


Utendo Sleeve- A Tendon To Muscle Fixation Device, Sarah Miller 2024 University of Tennessee, Knoxville

Utendo Sleeve- A Tendon To Muscle Fixation Device, Sarah Miller

Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects

No abstract provided.


Evaluation And Development Of Tourniquet Test Methods, Catherine Pitts 2024 Clemson University

Evaluation And Development Of Tourniquet Test Methods, Catherine Pitts

All Theses

Since the beginning of the 21st century the general perspective on tourniquets has changed to a more positive outlook on their life saving abilities. The US has seen a greater number of mass casualty events, and conflicts across the globe have led to an increased use of tourniquets. The increased demand has also led to faulty counterfeit tourniquets and improvised tourniquets that don not properly occlude blood flow or cause significant nerve damage to the injured limb.

ASTM started designing a tourniquet testing standard with experts in the tourniquet community to cut down on the dangers of tourniquet use. …


An In Vitro Investigation Of Urothelial Cell Function In Response To Hypoxia And Pressure In Relation To Bladder Outlet Obstruction, Britney Hudson 2024 Clemson University

An In Vitro Investigation Of Urothelial Cell Function In Response To Hypoxia And Pressure In Relation To Bladder Outlet Obstruction, Britney Hudson

All Dissertations

Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) is a prevalent urological condition and can be characterized by the presence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), such as hesitancy, weak stream, and nocturia. The main cause of BOO is a partial blockage of the urethra, which results in elevated voiding pressure, high storage pressure, and tissue ischemia, which are thought to be the triggers of bladder inflammation and subsequent fibrosis. Often patients do not seek treatment until the conditions get severe. Thus, it would be ideal to have an early diagnostic tool to detect changes in the bladder due to BOO. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) …


Optimization Of Full-Inversion Techniques Towards Clinical Ultrasound Elastography, Matthew A. Caius 2024 Western University

Optimization Of Full-Inversion Techniques Towards Clinical Ultrasound Elastography, Matthew A. Caius

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers, representing 25% of all new cancers and 13% of all cancer related deaths in Canadian women. Early detection before treatment of breast cancer is paramount as survival rates decrease significantly over time. Some of the most common diagnostic and screening procedures include breast manual examination, X-ray mammography, ultrasonography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). These methods are either unreliable, associated with dangerous ionization or too costly while they all have difficulty differentiating malignant tumors from benign ones without a follow-up biopsy. One technique that has shown a potential to minimize the number …


The Development And Testing Of A Gyroscope-Based Neck Strengthening Rehabilitation Device, Nicole D. Devos 2024 University of Western Ontario

The Development And Testing Of A Gyroscope-Based Neck Strengthening Rehabilitation Device, Nicole D. Devos

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Neck pain can be debilitating, and is experienced by the majority of people at some point over the course of their life. Resistance training has been shown to have significant improvement in pain or disability for patients. There are few options available for telerehabilitation, and the use of gyroscope stabilizers is proposed for this use. A biomechanics model of a head--neck--gyroscope system was created. In order to also model the dynamics of such a system, this work proposes a blended method using the Denavit--Hartenberg (DH) convention, popular in the field of robotics, with the Lagrangian mechanics approach to analyze an …


Mathematical Model Of Oxygen, Nutrient, And Drug Transport In Tuberculosis Granulomas, Meenal Datta, McCarthy Kennedy, Saeed Siri, Laura Via, James W. Baish, Lei Xu, Veronique Dartois, Clifton Barry, Rakesh Jain 2024 Massachusetts General Hospital

Mathematical Model Of Oxygen, Nutrient, And Drug Transport In Tuberculosis Granulomas, Meenal Datta, Mccarthy Kennedy, Saeed Siri, Laura Via, James W. Baish, Lei Xu, Veronique Dartois, Clifton Barry, Rakesh Jain

Faculty Journal Articles

Physiological abnormalities in pulmonary granulomas–pathological hallmarks of tuberculosis (TB)–compromise the transport of oxygen, nutrients, and drugs. In prior studies, we demonstrated mathematically and experimentally that hypoxia and necrosis emerge in the granuloma microenvironment (GME) as a direct result of limited oxygen availability. Building on our initial model of avascular oxygen diffusion, here we explore additional aspects of oxy- gen transport, including the roles of granuloma vasculature, transcapillary transport, plasma dilution, and interstitial convection, followed by cellular metabolism. Approximate analytical solutions are provided for oxygen and glucose concentration, interstitial fluid velocity, interstitial fluid pressure, and the thickness of the convective zone. …


Simultaneous Evaluation Of Tibiofemoral And Patellofemoral Mechanics In Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Combined Experimental And Computational Approach, Yashar A. Behnam, Ahilan Anantha Krishnan, Hayden Wilson, Chadd W. Clary 2024 University of Denver

Simultaneous Evaluation Of Tibiofemoral And Patellofemoral Mechanics In Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Combined Experimental And Computational Approach, Yashar A. Behnam, Ahilan Anantha Krishnan, Hayden Wilson, Chadd W. Clary

Center for Orthopaedic Biomechanics: Faculty Scholarship

Contemporary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has not fully restored natural patellofemoral (P-F) mechanics across the patient population. Previous experimental simulations have been limited in their ability to create dynamic, unconstrained, muscle-driven P-F articulation while simultaneously controlling tibiofemoral (T-F) contact mechanics. The purpose of this study was to develop a novel experimental simulation and validate a corresponding finite element model to evaluate T-F and P-F mechanics. A commercially available wear simulator was retrofitted with custom fixturing to evaluate whole-knee TKA mechanics with varying patella heights during a simulated deep knee bend. A corresponding dynamic finite element model was developed to validate …


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