Latin American History Commons^™

Naccs 43rd Annual Conference, National Association For Chicana And Chicano Studies

NACCS Conference Programs

¡Chicana/o Power! Transforming Chicana/o Activism, Discourse and Scholarship into Power

April 6-9, 2016

DoubleTree by Hilton

Civil Patrols, Race, And Repression In Guatemala, 1982-1996, Jeremy Ross

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Between 1981 and 1996, the Guatemalan military maintained a paramilitary system of “civil patrols” throughout rural Guatemala. During the years of 1982-1983, the period of most intense state violence during the Guatemalan civil war, the military systematically committed massacres in hundreds of rural communities, at times committing acts of genocide against the Maya populations of the affected areas. Following this violence, the military forced nearly every rural community to form a civil patrol composed of the community’s adult men, in turn forcing each patrols’ members to augment military operations and personally fight leftist guerrillas. The creation of civil patrols ...

“The Internal Conflict:” Navigating Transitional Education In Postwar Guatemala, Brenna Michelle Ferris

Undergraduate Honors Theses

This Honors Thesis places schools at the focus of an exploration of “post-war” Guatemala. Schools, particularly primary schools, are epicenters for civic education and the basis of historical knowledge for citizens. I seek to show that following a divisive civil war schools are an important site of contestation of national narratives. Examination of the primary school curriculum in Guatemala, and interviews with primary school teachers reveal how the official state narrative does (or, significantly, does not) address the recent traumatic past, leading to the creation of historical memory. These sources also demonstrate the impact of the educational reform as part ...

Jesus With A Kalashnikov: Examining Marxist Elements In Liberation Theology And Soviet Influence On Its Origins, Todd "Cameron" Swathwood Jr

Senior Honors Theses

Liberation theology emerged as a prominent feature of religion and politics in the 1960s. Since the beginning, detractors have noted the overtly Marxist tendencies within this ideology. This thesis introduces the core concepts and presuppositions of liberation theology itself, and then focuses on specific and varied allegations concerning any influence the Soviet Union may have had on its formation and propagation. Particular weight is lent to the testimony of Lieutenant General Ion Mihai Pacepa, formerly the head of Romanian dictator Nicolae Ceauşescu’s national intelligence service and the highest-ranking defector ever received from the Soviet Bloc. Pacepa has shared his ...

A History Of The United States Caribbean Defense Command (1941-1947), Cesar A. Vasquez

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The United States Military is currently organized along the lines of regional combatant commands (COCOMs). Each COCOM is responsible for all U.S. military activity in their designated area of responsibility (AOR). They also deal with diplomatic issues of a wide variety with the countries within their respective AORs. Among these COCOMs, Southern Command (SOUTHCOM), whose AOR encompasses all of Central and South America (less Mexico) and the Caribbean, is one of the smallest in terms of size and budget, but has the longest history of activity among the COCOMs as it is the successor to the first joint command ...

The Legacy Of Emiliano Zapata, Kotryna Staputyte

2016 Honors Council of the Illinois Region Papers

In the early 20th century, the Mexican government was plagued with corruption, greed, injustice and violence. Although the Mexican Revolution, which started in 1910, resulted in the end of dictatorship in Mexico and the drafting of a constitution in 1917, periodic violence continued throughout the nation well into the 1930s. A number of revolutionaries rose from the Revolution, including Francisco Madero, Pancho Villa and Emiliano Zapata. This paper will look at Zapata's life, his participation in the Mexican Revolution, and the enduring influence Zapata has had on Mexican politics and culture.

The Changing Demographics Of Florida’S Latino Electorate: Latino Party Affiliation And Voter Registration Rates In The State, Central Florida, And South Florida, Laird W. Bergad

Center for Latin American, Caribbean, and Latino Studies

Introduction: This special report in partnership with CNN en Espanol examines characteristics of Florida -- where the Latino electorate could very well determine victory in the 2016 presidential election.

Methods: Data were obtained from the U.S. Census Bureau, Voting and Registration, as a part of the Current Population Survey data from the November Voter Supplements. The 2016 estimates were derived by using the yearly percentage rate of increase between 2004 and 2012. Additional data were derived from an analysis of the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS) American Community Survey (ACS).

Results: The Latino population of Florida soared between 1990 ...

Malestar En El Eje Horizontal: Iconografía De Ruptura En Neuva Corónica Y Buen Gobierno (1615), De Felipe Guaman Poma De Ayala, Karina Elizabeth Vázquez

Latin American, Latino and Iberian Studies Faculty Publications

Durante la última década, los estudios coloniales producidos en el contexto de la academia norteamericana han abogado por llevar adelante una agenda descolonizadora. Este cambio de perspectiva ha propiciado la incorporación de textos marginales al canon literario colonial, así como la revisión de los presupuestos ideológicos y culturales que subyacen en los análisis críticos. Este nuevo rumbo tiene coma propósito abordar la experiencia de la conquista y la colonia considerando sus secuelas en las políticas culturales y territoriales que los Estados-Nación posteriores aplicaron sobre las comunidades indígenas. El texto de Guaman Poma ingresa al campo de los estudios coloniales en ...

¡Adelante Hermanas De La Raza! Josefina Silva De Cintrón, Artes Y Letras, And Puerto Rican Women’S Feminismo In The 1930s, Patricia Schechter

Patricia Schechter

This article tells the story of Josefina Silva de Cintrón, (1884-1988), Puerto Rican journalist, feminist and arts impresario. Silva de Cintrón moved from San Juan to New York City in 1927. She published the Spanish language journal Artes y Letras from 1933 to 1939, and it circulated in 8 countries throughout the Americas. Artes y Letras was a publication that significantly enabled Spanish-speaking women’s activism in New York City. In its pages, women tested their ideas about feminismo. Their feminismo was Pan American in orientation and anti-racist in purpose, energized by the rhetoric of la raza. This article describes ...

Book Review: Christopher Darnton. Rivalry And Alliance Politics In Cold War Latin America, Dustin Walcher, Thomas C. Field Jr., Charles Jones, Michael E. Neagle, Christopher Darnton

Publications

This document includes Dr. Field's review of Christopher Darnton's Rivalry and Alliance Politics in Cold War Latin America. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2014. ISBN: 9781421413617 (paperback, $44.95). It is part of H-Diplo | ISSF, Roundtable, Volume VIII, No. 8 (2016).

Colonels And Industrial Workers In El Salvador, 1944-1972: Seeking Societal Support Through Gendered Labor Reforms, Kati Griffith, Leslie Gates

Kati Griffith

[Excerpt] How do military regimes seek support or legitimacy from society? What strategies, besides violent repression, do military leaders use to remain in power? In other words, how do military leaders try to achieve hegemony? El Salvador’s long period of military rule (1931-1979) gives researchers ample opportunity to investigate the mechanisms whereby military regimes try to gain societal support. Erik Ching’s chapter shows that General Martinez’s regime sought support through locally based patron-client relationships. Some analysts of El Salvador’s subsequent military regimes find that these regimes pursued a political alliance with urban industrial workers in order ...

Dying To Better Themselves: West Indians And The Building Of The Panama Canal, Written By Olive Senior, Michael L. Conniff

Faculty Publications

A book review of Dying to Better Themselves: West Indians and the Building of the Panama Canal, by Olive Senior. Kingston: University of the West Indies Press, 2014. xxiii + 416 pp. (Paper US$ 40.00)

Lingering Colonialities As Blockades To Peace Education: School Violence In Trinidad, Hakim Mohandas Amani Williams

Africana Studies Faculty Publications

Book Summary: Bringing together the voices of scholars and practitioners on challenges and possibilities of implementing peace education in diverse global sites, this book addresses key questions for students seeking to deepen their understanding of the field. The book not only highlights ground-breaking and rich qualitative studies from around the globe, but also analyses the limits and possibilities of peace education in diverse contexts of conflict and post-conflict societies. Contributing authors address how educators and learners can make meaning of international peace education efforts, how various forms of peace and violence interact in and around schools, and how the field ...

Barbara Mundy : Curriculum Vitae, Barbara E. Mundy

Art History and Music Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

La Identidad Ecuatoriana A Través Del Humor De Miguel Antonio Chávez, Luis Enrique Yanez

All Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

This thesis project provides a close reading of the literary work of Ecuadorian author Miguel Antonio Chávez. The analysis in this work discuses how the author use humor to criticize the discourses that have been produced in order to represent indigenous and Afro-descendants in the country, as well as the fragility of social and political institutions such as the church, the state, and the country's educational system in the pieces La puta madre patria, La kriptonita del Sinaí, and El electroshock nuestro de cada día. This thesis analyses humor as a narrative tool with its function to reproduce and ...

Prostitutas Y Prostibulos: Cuerpo Y Escritura En Cinco Novelas Latinoamericanas Contemporáneas (1964-2011), Beatriz E. Builes Gomez

Spanish and Portuguese Graduate Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation studies the representations of prostitution in relation to artistic and literary creation in contemporary Spanish American novels (1964-2011). Specifically, I analyze the following five novels: Juntacadáveres (1964) by Juan Carlos Onetti, ¡Qué viva la música! (1977) by Andrés Caicedo, El vampiro de la colonia Roma (1979) by Luis Zapata, Memoria de mis putas tristes by Gabriel García Márquez (2004) and Canción de tumba by Julián Herbert. (2011). I argue that prostitution is a trope that allows these novels to embody purely literary processes such as reading and writing.

Critical literature on prostitution in nineteen and twenty century Latin-American ...

Organizing For Political Empowerment? Explaining The Effects Of Women’S Organizations On Women’S Political Participation In Guatemala, Lindsey Richardson Vance

Political Science Graduate Theses & Dissertations

Prominent development agencies, including the World Bank and the United Nations, agree gender equality and women’s political empowerment is central to achieving positive social and economic outcomes. To politically empower women in the developing world, international aid has increasingly turned to decentralized, bottom-up approaches. Consequently, the past twenty years have witnessed a “boom” in nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) specializing in gender policy assessment, project execution, and social services delivery. Though proponents of bottom-up approaches suggest organizational involvement will empower women to act politically, neither research on women’s political participation nor on the political effects of NGOs has empirically validated ...

It Happened At El Mozote: How Two Reporters Broke The Story That Washington Refused To Believe, Naomi Rubel Lachance

Senior Projects Spring 2016

Senior Project submitted to the Division of Languages and Literature and the Division of Social Studies of Bard College.

Antithetical Commentaries On X, Y And The Disruption Of Being, Eva Rocha

Theses and Dissertations

Through discursive essays and poetic narrative, Antithetical Commentaries on X, Y and the Disruption of Being explores the tenuous relationship between modes of measurement and the struggle for human relevance in the post-contemporary digital age. In the introductory essay, “Not the Feather, but the Bird”, I give an overview of the inherent problems of object-oriented ontology, and how it relates to aesthetics and social issues of our times. In the Developmental Overview, I detail how I developed my installation approach and techniques, particularly with regard to the three-way dynamic of the artist:work:viewer relationship and how it can encourage ...

The Importance Of Strong Governmental Institutions In Military Subordination: Mexico And Argentina, A Comparative Study, Eli Landman

CMC Senior Theses

This paper examines the history of civil military relations in Mexico and Argentina in an attempt to understand why Mexico was able to subordinate its military following the fall of the Porfírian military regime, while Argentina experienced decades of military intervention into the civilian sphere. It argues that strong governmental and political institutions in Mexico were the key to subordinating the Mexican military to civilian control, while patterns of populist political movements in Argentina hampered the formation of strong governmental institutions that would have enabled the subordination of the military to civilian control.