European History Commons^™

Thinking About The Gym: Greek Ideals, Newtonian Bodies, And Exercise In Early Eighteenth-Century England, Robert K. Batchelor

Department of History Faculty Publications

Revival of Greek ideas about exercise in the British and Irish Enlightenment by doctors led to a shift in understandings about the independent mind by establishing a relation between bodily and mental health. By the late 1730s, interest shifted away from mind and body and towards the sentiments and passions, which marked gender distinctions and held together national communities. Gilbert West’s writing about the Olympics in the 1740s indicated the difficulty in resolving tensions about exercise and sport as producing aristocratic distinction and violent passions as against their encouragement of healthy minds and civic virtue in the nation.

Front Matter

Swiss American Historical Society Review

No abstract provided.

"Sewing A Safety Net: Scarborough's Maritime Community, 1747-1765", Charles Foy

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

From 1747 to 1765 Scarborough created a safety net to keep its maritime dependents from becoming impoverished. A web of kinship connections that permitted sailors to move between land and sea as well as between maritime roles as they aged; the employment of maritime servants; the extensive hiring of elderly seamen; the use of the Seamen’s Sixpence after legislative reform in 1747 to develop locally operated seamen’s hospitals for the benefit of sailors and their families; and strong community support of the hospitals worked together to provide a social safety net that was, by eighteenth century standards, robust and effective.

Chronology

Swiss American Historical Society Review

No abstract provided.

Towards A Swiss American Colony

Swiss American Historical Society Review

The biography of Johann Rudolf Ochs (1673-1749) is a work in progress. Despite numerous entries in Swiss dictionaries of artists and artisans, not even a basic curriculum vitae exists. Perhaps worse,

upon enquiry in Bern archives and libraries, surprisingly the learned librarians could not name or locate a single work of art by the famed Piitschiergriiber (seal engraver) or "Gemmenschneider" ( cutter of gems, or cameos) Ochs. The legendary art of the young Swiss is as elusive as the young artist himself. This is surprising as he is usually praised as an extraordinary artist, even as the best engraver of …

America Guide, Bern, 1711

Swiss American Historical Society Review

Highly Respected & Merciful Lords and Superiors. When during my eight-year stay in England4 1 inquired about the essential quality of the North American Provinces, thoroughly and in detail, at opportunities occurring then and now at safe and trustworthy places, nothing would have been less permitted into my mind's consideration than handing over such report, albeit a truthful one , to the public print. At that time I rather merely thought to satisfy my constantly growing curiosity through such faithful compilation, though si multaneously *(4)* also offering it serviceably to one or the other good friend, whose desire might also …

Ochs In Georgian England

Swiss American Historical Society Review

After Ochs had offered his services in the exportation of Mennonites from Bern, his documentary biography becomes quiet for some time, some ten years. No document is known that shows Bern 's acceptance of his offer of assistance, none even verifying his ex istence. We know through Graffenried's accounts,1 that the landgrave's Carolina endeavor ended in di saster and in the death of surveyor Lawson in September 1711.2 The name Ochs could not be found in any of the decade's consulted sources in Bern with the exception of bapti smal records that name the children born to the Ochs couple.

Ochs Bibliography

Swiss American Historical Society Review

No abstract provided.

Ochs And The Palatines In England, 1709/1710

Swiss American Historical Society Review

MyLord: As is known to everyone, the Palatines ,2 together with their neighbors , on several occasions have come en masse to this country in order to attempt to flee both the oppression of war and the yoke of a hard government. Hence they have been reduced to this enterprise, badly understood in their estimation, basing their decisions on false rumors of being received and transported to America. Notwithstanding all this, this kind and glorious government has not ceased to extend its charity to these strangers, by supplying them with the necessities of life, while waiting for them to be …

End Matter

Swiss American Historical Society Review

No abstract provided.

Full Issue

Swiss American Historical Society Review

No abstract provided.

La Autosuficiencia Y El Regionalismo Como Constantes En La Sociedad Espanola Contemporano, Colton Lewis

Honors Theses

Today, Spain is known as a democratic country with considerable influence in the European Union (EU), a country with a rich and diverse culture. But this is not the same Spain that existed thirty or forty years ago. It is a country with the same face, but with a completely different expression. The transformation that occurred in Spain is different from any other transformation of a nation. Government, culture, politics, the general attitude of the people and much more had to change when Francisco Franco died. But what was the central reason for this great change? There are obvious answers, …

Las Calles Me Inspiran: La Confluencia De La Movida Madrileña Y La Contracultura En El Graffiti Contemporáneo Español, Ajay Major

Honors Theses

The contemporary graffiti movement in Spain evolved spontaneously and independently from other graffiti movements under the influence of la movida counterculture during the post-Franco transition. La movida, which viewed the street as the agora of Spanish society, emphasized the importance of artistry and the need to exist in and connect with the people in the street. These cultural values were internalized by early graffiti artists and were reflected in their work in the flechero style popularized by El Muelle, the pioneer of graffiti art in Spain. These fundamental beliefs, supported by the post-Franco rejection of foreign thought by the Spanish …

Les Femmes Mythiques: Ce Que Ces Symboles Révèlent De La Société Française Et Les Valeurs De La France, Rachel Mayer

Honors Theses

In history, women have always played traditional roles and - in general - submitted. However, there are women who are developing symbolic and powerful images in French society. These women have a mythical and symbolic quality. But what do they symbolize? Every woman who resonates with French society plays another important role: to unveil the dimensions of French values ​​that they represent in French society. Moreover, the way they have established their roles and places in culture unveils the status of women across the story. We can examine mythical and symbolic women of different ages to understand the role of …

American Aid For German War Prisoners: Humanitarian Relief As Reconciliation Between Heritage And Patriotism, Erica Fugger

Honors Theses

When Europe was thrown into conflict in 1939, German Americans feared treatment reminiscent of the discriminatory practices of World War I. Recent immigrants were in an especially difficult position, as they sought to remain loyal to their adopted country, while also desiring to assist those affected by the war abroad. In answer to this dilemma, Emil Auer, a native of Munich and naturalized resident of Buffalo, New York, formed a war relief organization in 1940. Initially focusing its efforts on the British Commonwealth camps established in Canada, the American Aid for German War Prisoners grew to assist Axis soldiers and …

A Crise Económico-Financeira Europeia: Preconceitos E Realidades, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha

Paulo Ferreira da Cunha

Uma cortina de fumo pseudo-científica obnubila a realidade de um ataque brutal aos países periféricos da Europa, mais especificamente aos da grande civilização mediterrânica: grecos e latinos. Como é possível que quem tanto legou à Europa e ao Mundo seja agora estigmatizado como preguiçoso e caloteiro? Há uma guerra económica coberta por uma guerra ideológica. E nesta última os próprios visados (e alguns que deles deveriam ser solidários) deixam-se lamentavelmente convencer e autoflagelam-se como culpados. Há culpados, mas não são Povos que sempre viveram com dificuldades...

Menstruation As Heroine’S Journey In Pan’S Labyrinth, Richard Lindsay

Journal of Religion & Film

I propose that the Guillermo del Toro film, Pan's Labyrinth (2006) follows the narrative outline of Joseph Campbell's hero's journey as experienced through the biological process of onset of menstruation in its young protagonist. I suggest a reading of the film that takes into account the visual and mythological symbolism of the figure of Pan, as well as the cultural context of menstruation in mythology and religion. I offer interviews from the director that support this interpretation, but ultimately I value a folk interpretation, or a "viewer's hunch" that the strange and fertile symbolism of the film represents a coming-of-age …

Individualismo, Massas E Direito, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha

Paulo Ferreira da Cunha

Reflexões sobre o "ethos" nacional, a presente crise e a encruzilhada em que os juristas e sobretudo os constitucionalistas se encontram: entre refugiarem-se no formalismo ou aplicarem a Constituição e zelarem pela Justiça.

Organizing The World: Power Dynamics And “Civilization” In The British Museum, Katherine E. Steir

History Honors Projects

The British Museum has a long and complex relationship with the British Colonial project. Applying museum theory to case studies found in the museum, this paper explores the ways in which empire is reconstructed within the British Museum, and also investigates how public gallery spaces can engage with controversial history. In the 21^st century the museum struggles to reinvent itself as a universal institution presenting collections from around the world with sensitivity. However, the museum still expresses nostalgia for the imperial past, and presents a specific and homogenous image of the ideal British citizen.

Lobos Y Perros Rabiosos: The Legacy Of The Inquisition In The Colonization Of New Spain And New Mexico, C. Michael Torres

Student Papers (History)

No abstract provided.