The French Prison System: Comparative Insights For Policy And Practice In New York And The United States,
2012
CUNY John Jay College
The French Prison System: Comparative Insights For Policy And Practice In New York And The United States, Lila Kazemian, Catrin Andersson
Publications and Research
Despite many differences between French and American correctional practices, the two countries have common challenges as well. This report offers a brief overview of the French prison system and describes how the elements of that system compare with the policies and practices of corrections agencies in New York and the United States.
Racism In The Criminal Justice System,
2012
California Polytechnic State University - San Luis Obispo
Racism In The Criminal Justice System, Nichole Griffith
Social Sciences
This paper examines racism in the criminal justice system. The criminal justice system creates and perpetuates racial hierarchy in the United States. African Americans are criminalized and targeted because of their skin color. I analyze the Reagan administration, the War on Drugs, corrupt police practices, media, inner city enforcement, police discretion, racial profiling, and sentencing to reveal this racism and unfair treatment of African Americans. These victims of racism face lifelong marginalization and exclusion because they were criminalized. I also draw a link between the criminal justice system and slavery and Jim Crow. This racism explains why there are so …
Racial Reproductive Control Logics And The Reproductive Justice Movement,
2012
Univeristy of New Orleans
Racial Reproductive Control Logics And The Reproductive Justice Movement, Nicole Jolly
LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations
The reproductive justice movement gives a voice and representation to women of color whose experience of reproductive control is impacted by intersecting layers of oppression. This thesis uses an intersectional approach to develop the concept of racial reproductive control logics, which describes the relationship between racial logics and racial patterns of reproductive control. The study uses qualitative interviews and content analysis of organizational material to explore how the reproductive justice movement is influenced by racial reproductive control logics.
Environmental Justice & Sociology,
2012
University of Connecticut - Storrs
Environmental Justice & Sociology, Brenna E. Regan
Honors Scholar Theses
This thesis compared the patterns influencing the creation of Native American reservations and the prison industrial complex in the United States. I argue that the country is controlled by people who create a physical and socio-political environment that caters to their certain positionality, adversely effecting and pushing marginalized groups into confined, controlled spaces in their own home. Ultimately, environmental justice, or equal control of people over their environment, is a vital factor in ending structural and physical violence against marginalized groups in the United States.
Child Maltreatment And Resilience,
2012
Morehead State University
Child Maltreatment And Resilience, Conception A. Piatek
Morehead State Theses and Dissertations
A thesis presented to the faculty of the Caudill College of Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences at Morehead State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts by Conception A. Piatek in May of 2012.
Deciphering A Duality: Understanding Conflicting Standards In Sex & Violence Censorship In U.S. Obscenity Law,
2012
Macalester College
Deciphering A Duality: Understanding Conflicting Standards In Sex & Violence Censorship In U.S. Obscenity Law, Rushabh P. Bhakta
Political Science Honors Projects
This research examines the division in US obscenity law that enables strict sex censorship while overlooking violence. By investigating the social and legal development of obscenity in US culture, I argue that the contemporary duality in obscenity censorship standards arose from a family of forces consisting of faith, economy, and identity in early American history. While sexuality ingrained itself in American culture as a commodity in need of regulation, violence was decentralized from the state and proliferated. This phenomenon led to a prioritization of suppressing sexual speech over violent speech. This paper traces the emergence this duality and its source.
Community-Oriented Policing Strategies When Handling Nonviolent Drug Offenders,
2012
Western Kentucky University
Community-Oriented Policing Strategies When Handling Nonviolent Drug Offenders, Michael J. Layle
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
In this study, I analyze the responses of police officers to questions regarding their involvement in the use of Community-Oriented Policing strategies. When the officer encounters a drug offender they must decide how to deal with the situation. There are a variety of trained responses and policies available. The data is grouped into nine variables; time in law enforcement, time in department, perceived support, perceived barriers, COP strategy, COP action, prevention, help, and citation. The data is then analyzed using structural equation modeling.
The Californians Against Sexual Exploitation (Case) Act: A Case Study In Policy Advocacy,
2012
SIT Graduate Institute
The Californians Against Sexual Exploitation (Case) Act: A Case Study In Policy Advocacy, Bailey Mannisto-Ichés
Capstone Collection
In any given year in the United States of America at least 100,000 domestic youth are sexually exploited through the commercial sex industry. Current national and state laws do not adequately protect these children from being groomed, pimped, and exploited over and over again in their young lives. A majority of these children are trafficked from, into or within the nation’s most populated state of California. In 2003 the FBI identified three of the country’s 13 high-‐intensity child sex trafficking cities as being in California. The cycle of violence these children endure is not being brought to justice through the …
Troubled Youth: Girls In Gangs,
2012
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Troubled Youth: Girls In Gangs, Mark Manny Valentin
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Girls in gangs have been around since society recognized that there was a gang issue and although there has been an increase in attention paid to gangs in the last few decades, there has been relatively little attention paid to the girls in these gangs. It has only been recently that research has been conducted to explore the reasons behind girls joining gangs and their roles in the gang setting. Generally though, the research on girls in gangs has either been middle school surveys or qualitative studies of girls already in gangs. This research pulled from a population of delinquent …
A Failing Correctional System: State Prison Overcrowding In The United States,
2012
Salve Regina University
A Failing Correctional System: State Prison Overcrowding In The United States, Susan M. Campers
Pell Scholars and Senior Theses
State prison overcrowding has grown into a detrimental problem within our American penal system, such that after decades of being ignored by politicians, media outlets, and the lower court system, it has resulted in an ineffective and overcrowded correctional system that craves reformation.
Broken Windows, Police, &Traffic Safety,
2012
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Broken Windows, Police, &Traffic Safety, Carol Servino
Graduate Research Symposium (2010 - 2017)
Abstract This research explores application of the “broken windows” theory of public disorder and urban decline to the pattern and problem of police officer fatalities in motor vehicle crashes. It contextualizes the influential theory into a 45-year timeline of significant events related to legislative efforts and traffic safety behavioral safety programs in the United States. It finds one police agency that reported fewer crimes and fewer crashes after implementing a community-wide Safe Streets program designed around “broken windows” theory in 1997. It pays particular attention to states with the highest percentages of law enforcement officer fatalities in motor vehicle crashes, …
Less Serious Offenses Account For 90 Percent Of The Growth In Juvenile Placements,
2012
CUNY John Jay College
Less Serious Offenses Account For 90 Percent Of The Growth In Juvenile Placements, Jeffrey A. Butts
Publications and Research
The largest increases in juvenile placements were seen in cases involving obstruction of justice, simple assault, drug law violations, vandalism, and disorderly conduct. This databit looks at the percentage and change in placement cases for juveniles from 1985 to 2008.
Mental Health And Drug Disorders Less Common At Early Stages Of Juvenile Justice,
2012
CUNY John Jay College
Mental Health And Drug Disorders Less Common At Early Stages Of Juvenile Justice, Jeffrey A. Butts
Publications and Research
Youth in the juvenile justice system are at a higher risk for mental health disorders and substance abuse problems, but these differences in risk are often misunderstood. This databit looks at the prevalence of mental health and substance abuse and makes recommendations for early intervention and prevention programs.
Violent Crime Rates Continue To Fall Among Juveniles And Young Adults,
2012
CUNY John Jay College
Violent Crime Rates Continue To Fall Among Juveniles And Young Adults, Jeffrey A. Butts
Publications and Research
Violent crime (murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault based on the FBI Violent Crime Index) declined per capita for ages 10 – 17 after 2004. This databit looks at the arrest rates for these four offenses between 1994 and 2004.
Life Beyond The Haze: The Risks, Reasons And Rewards Of Dealing And Doing In College,
2012
DePauw University
Life Beyond The Haze: The Risks, Reasons And Rewards Of Dealing And Doing In College, Matthew Cecil '12
Honor Scholar Theses
This investigative series examines collegiate drug culture at DePasw University in Greencastle, Indiana and ancillaries. Manjuana provides the primary focus, although the illegal nse of prescription drugs, “party” drugs and other harder drugs is covered as well. Interviews include dealers and users, current and former students, law enforcement officials, relevant experts and others with connections to the drug scene at DePauw. These interviews, and my observations of these students, tell the story of privilege of protection at a small private college in the Midwest and its national implications.
Human Trafficking: An Ancient Trade With A Modern Face,
2012
Singapore Management University
Human Trafficking: An Ancient Trade With A Modern Face, Singapore Management University
Perspectives@SMU
If we believe that advances in science, health and human rights have led to a more civilised society than before, think again.
Adolescent Dating Violence: How Should Schools Respond?,
2012
University of Nebraska at Omaha
Adolescent Dating Violence: How Should Schools Respond?, Jeanne L. Surface, David Stader, Thomas Graca, Jerry Lowe
Educational Leadership Faculty Publications
Educational leaders have a substantial degree of control over students and generally have a tremendous influence on the decisions that they make. District administrators are already involved in comprehensive efforts to stem sexual harassment, teen violence and bullying; therefore, they may be well positioned to identify and address the problem of teen dating violence. Unfortunately, school district failure to take action is far too common, despite the statutory duty to ensure the safety of all students during school hours and at school sponsored events. School districts can be held liable for student dating violence under Title IX, under 42 U.S.C. …
A New Moral Socialization Model: Wrongfulness And Legal Atitutde As Mediators In Predicting Adolescent Rule-Violating Behavior,
2012
University of New Hampshire - Main Campus
A New Moral Socialization Model: Wrongfulness And Legal Atitutde As Mediators In Predicting Adolescent Rule-Violating Behavior, Kristen M. Williams
Honors Theses and Capstones
One of the most baffling questions in delinquency literature is why some adolescents engage in these rule-violating behaviors while others refrain. Some researchers have found support for a link between moral reasoning and rule-violating behaviors (Blasi, 1980). The legal socialization model includes legal attitudes as the mediator between the two (Cohn, Bucolo, Rebellon & Van Gundy, 2010). In the current two studies, the researchers tested a moral socialization model with wrongfulness and approval as mediators based on data from middle and high school students as well as college students. In the first study, the model was tested longitudinally with middle …
Delinquent Friends And Reactions To Strain: An Examination Of Direct And Indirect Pathways,
2012
University of Nebraska at Omaha
Delinquent Friends And Reactions To Strain: An Examination Of Direct And Indirect Pathways, Ryan E. Spohn
Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
Strain theorists acknowledge that only some strained individuals become involved in delinquency. Thus, a necessary research objective is to determine the conditions under which strain results in deviant adaptations. The goal of this research is to examine the conditioning effects of exposure to delinquent friends/peer pressure on the relationship between strain and delinquency. Whereas Agnew (1992, 2001, 2006) argues that a criminogenic environment will increase the effect of strain on delinquency, Warr’s (1993) research indicates that other correlates of delinquency lose their influence when adolescents are enmeshed in a network of delinquent peers. In testing these competing hypotheses, the current …
Stop Snitching: Hip Hop's Influence On Crime Reporting In The Inner City,
2012
Western Michigan University
Stop Snitching: Hip Hop's Influence On Crime Reporting In The Inner City, Ladel Lewis
Dissertations
The “stop snitching” phenomenon is a social epidemic that is affecting inner cities from coast to coast. These street politics have an adverse effect on the way individuals in the inner city view cooperation with police. With hip hop culture claiming a larger stake on the global stage, and mainstream artists sparking attention by denouncing cooperation with authorities while reproving others that choose to do so, this research examines if a relationship exists between individuals that adhere to the “code of silence” and self-professed hip hoppers. While much has been written about the significance of hip hop culture on the …
