The Emergence Of “The School Shooter” As A Category Of Analysis: What The 1990s Can Teach Us About Youth Violence,
2023
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
The Emergence Of “The School Shooter” As A Category Of Analysis: What The 1990s Can Teach Us About Youth Violence, Rebecca Maria Jimenez
Honors College Theses
This thesis is a case study of the emergence and framing of “the school shooter” as one part of the larger problem of American youth violence during the 1990s. This decade forever changed the way school safety is viewed. Although the annual number of school shootings largely remained the same from the 1970s to the early 1990s, a spike in fatalities in 1993 occurred during a fraught historical moment. A wave of youth violence, beginning in the late 1980s, helped to set the stage for new security measures, such as zero tolerance policies in schools, and the development of new …
Power Projection And Counter-Terrorism: Strategies For Small States Like Brunei Darussalam,
2023
Fudan University & Universidad del Desarrollo
Power Projection And Counter-Terrorism: Strategies For Small States Like Brunei Darussalam, Brice Tseen Fu Lee, Gulshan Bibi Ms
Journal of Terrorism Studies
This study delves into the intricacies of power projection strategies and counter-terrorism measures, emphasizing their relevance to small states, with a specific focus on Brunei Darussalam. Using a dual matrix model, the research categorizes various strategies based on risk-reward parameters, offering a structured insight into potential approaches these states can employ against potential aggressors. The counter-terrorism matrix is the initial focal point, recognizing the contemporary significance of terror threats and their unique challenges for small nations. Subsequently, the power projection matrix offers a broader view of defense tactics beyond counter-terrorism. By synthesizing information from primary academic sources, the study aims …
Stopping The Revolving Door: Mdp-Based Decision Support For Community Corrections Placement,
2023
Singapore Management University
Stopping The Revolving Door: Mdp-Based Decision Support For Community Corrections Placement, Xiaoquan Gao, Pengyi Shi, Nan Kong
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Community corrections (CC) programs offer an alternative to incarceration that can reduce jail overcrowding and recidivism rates. The aim is to address the root causes behind criminal behavior, ultimately breaking the cycle of reincarceration. However, placing all eligible individuals in CC may strain case managers, resulting in reduced supervision, increased violations, and higher recidivism rates, which undermines the intended benefits for all participants in the programs. We take the first step in building a comprehensive analytical framework based on a queueing system to support the placement decisions and related decisions such as capacity planning. We develop a Markov Decision Process …
Advancements In Technology Empower Loss Prevention Professionals In Security Investigations,
2023
Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
Advancements In Technology Empower Loss Prevention Professionals In Security Investigations, Alan Saquella
Publications
In recent years, the field of security investigations has witnessed a profound transformation, owing to the rapid integration of technology. Loss Prevention professionals have been at the forefront of this revolution, harnessing advanced tools and capabilities that have greatly enhanced their effectiveness in preventing and resolving criminal activities. This article explores how the use of technology, including drones, cameras, AI, video analytics, and intelligence software, has reshaped security investigations and how staying on the cutting edge of these advancements is crucial for the future of this field.
Understanding Victim-Offender Overlap Among Youth In Custody In The United States And Taiwan,
2023
CUNY Graduate Center
Understanding Victim-Offender Overlap Among Youth In Custody In The United States And Taiwan, Tzu-Ying Lo
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
The issue of the victim-offender overlap was identified more than 60 years ago (Wolfgang, 1958), but it was not until the last decade that research interest in the victim-offender overlap began to flourish. Although the victim-offender overlap is arguably established by a substantial body of research, a closer look at the existing literature will find scant attention paid to the incarcerated population. Recent studies (Daquin & Daigle, 2020; Kuo et al., 2021; Toman, 2017) have begun to discover the victim-offender overlap in adult prisons, but the victim-offender overlap in juvenile facilities remains underexplored. To fill the research gap, this dissertation …
A Blackgirl Artivisionary Mosaic: Art-Based Participatory Refusals To School Punishment,
2023
CUNY Graduate Center
A Blackgirl Artivisionary Mosaic: Art-Based Participatory Refusals To School Punishment, Tyese A. Brown
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
The study participants were co-research partners and engaged in a Project Based Learning six-week summer project in an urban northeastern metropolis community-based non-profit where they received stipends for participation. This dissertation explored how Blackgirls (aged 14 -21) express their experiences with disparate school punishment through community-based participatory artmaking. We called the photos, poems, collages, sculptures, storyboards, digital art, visual art, songs, spoken word, and videos Artivisions (art I vision). In the Jam Sessions, a subset of the partners we called curators discussed the pieces, shared their experiences, and offered insight into Blackgirls’ responses, coping skills, and decision-making regarding school punishment. …
The Varied Landscape Of Consumer Fraud,
2023
Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
The Varied Landscape Of Consumer Fraud, Alan Saquella
Publications
In today's interconnected world, consumer fraud remains a persistent threat that can have far-reaching consequences for individuals and their financial well-being. While these insights are relatively current, it's essential to acknowledge that specific numbers and trends may have.
Examining Remorse In Attributions Of Focal Concerns During Sentencing: A Study Of Probation Officers,
2023
Rutgers University, School of Criminal Justice
Examining Remorse In Attributions Of Focal Concerns During Sentencing: A Study Of Probation Officers, Colleen M. Berryessa
International Journal on Responsibility
This research, using interviews with probation officers in the United States (n = 151) and a constant comparative method for analysis, draws from the focal concerns framework to qualitatively model a process by which probation officers use a defendant’s remorse to attribute focal concerns in order to guide their sentencing recommendations in pre-sentencing reports. The model suggests that officers use expressions of remorse to make attributions about mitigated criminal intention (blameworthiness and notions of responsibility), reduced dangerousness and a high potential for reform (community protection), and organization-level effects for increasing caseload efficiency and using correctional resources (practical effects of …
Three Essays On Civil Disturbances, Crime, And Housing Markets,
2023
University of Central Florida
Three Essays On Civil Disturbances, Crime, And Housing Markets, Noel Ritchey
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
In these three essays, I examine the relationship between housing prices and civil disturbances. In the first essay, I examine the Ferguson Unrest in 2014 following the killing of Michael Brown. Using a hedonic model and a repeat sales model using data from ZTRAX, I find a highly significant negative affect around the events temporally and spatially. In the second essay I examine house price indices across the US during the onset of COVID and during the protests following the killing of George Floyd. I use the Zillow Home Value Index and I find cities which experienced protests experienced less …
Covid-19 Pandemic’S Impact On Online Sex Advertising And Sex Trafficking,
2023
University of Michigan Law School
Covid-19 Pandemic’S Impact On Online Sex Advertising And Sex Trafficking, Coxen O. Julia, Vanessa Castro, Bridgette Carr, Glen Redin
Articles
Disruptive social events such as the COVID-19 pandemic can have a significant impact on sex trafficking and the working conditions of victims, yet these effects have been little understood. This paper examines the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on sex trafficking in the United States, based on analysis of over one million sexual service advertisements from the online platform Rubratings.com, using indicators of third-party management as potential proxies for trafficking. Our results show that there have been measurable changes in online commercial sexual service advertising, both with and without third-party management indicators, in the United States, with a significant decrease …
A Call To Action: Person-Centered Care Aligned With Reproductive Justice For Incarcerated Pregnant People With Substance Use Disorder,
2023
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
A Call To Action: Person-Centered Care Aligned With Reproductive Justice For Incarcerated Pregnant People With Substance Use Disorder, Essence Hairston, Aunchalee El Palmquist, Andrea K. Knittel, Kevin Mensah-Biney, Crystal M. Hayes, Amelia Mack, Hendrée E. Jones
School of Social Work Faculty Publications
Although research has proven that jails and prisons are ineffective in preventing or reducing substance use among pregnant people, the USA continues to rely heavily on the criminal legal system as its intervention. Pregnant people with an opioid use disorder are more likely to experience incarceration than pregnant people without an opioid use disorder. In some states, pregnant people are transported from jail to prison through the process of safekeeping in order to receive physical or mental health care that the jail does not provide, despite conviction status. When pregnant and postpartum safekeepers with an opioid use disorder experience incarceration, …
Prevention And Mitigation Of White-Collar Crime,
2023
Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
Prevention And Mitigation Of White-Collar Crime, Alan Saquella
Publications
As professional fraud examiners, investigators, prosecutors and regulators, security leaders can all appreciate that white-collar crime is not subsiding. While it is committed in professional or business settings involving financial deception or manipulation, it continues to grow and pose significant challenges to society. To effectively combat and mitigate this type of crime, it is crucial to delve deeper into the key factors of white-collar crime.
Unf@Cking People’S Problems: A Theory Of Policing,
2023
University of Western Ontario
Unf@Cking People’S Problems: A Theory Of Policing, Laura Huey, Stephen Johnston
Sociology Publications
One of the problems that has plagued policing researchers over the past few decades – ourselves included -- is the interminable question of ‘what do police do?’ Some ideas, tasks, roles, institutions and other social creations are easy to define. Policing has not been one of those. In part, it’s because it’s not only a descriptive problem, it’s also a normative one. Once you start to address the question of what do police do, then you also have to wrestle with the much meatier issue of ‘what do we want police to do’? In this paper, we exercise our theory …
Anonymity And Gender Effects On Online Trolling And Cybervictimization,
2023
Kennesaw State University
Anonymity And Gender Effects On Online Trolling And Cybervictimization, Gang Lee, Annalyssia Soonah
Journal of Cybersecurity Education, Research and Practice
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the anonymity of the internet and gender differences in online trolling and cybervictimization. A sample of 151 college students attending a southeastern university completed a survey to assess their internet activities and online trolling and cybervictimization. Multivariate analyses of logistic regression and ordinary least squares regression were used to analyze online trolling and cybervictimization. The results indicated that the anonymity measure was not a significant predictor of online trolling and cybervictimization. Female students were less likely than male students to engage in online trolling, but there was no gender …
Historical Trauma: Literary And Testimonial Responses To Hiroshima,
2023
The American University in Cairo AUC
Historical Trauma: Literary And Testimonial Responses To Hiroshima, Mariam Ghonim
Theses and Dissertations
The concept of trauma is controversial in literature. While one may be able to come up with ways to describe trauma in fiction, representing historical trauma is a hard task for writers. Some argue that trauma can not be described through those who did not experience it, while others claim that, provided some elements are added, one can represent trauma to the reader. This thesis focuses on twentieth-century historical traumas related to a nuclear catastrophe and explores the different literary and testimonial responses to the catastrophic man-made event of Hiroshima (1945). In this thesis, Kathleen Burkinshaw’s historical fiction The Last …
Intuitive Pathways Into Racist Beliefs,
2023
University of Massachusetts Boston
Intuitive Pathways Into Racist Beliefs, Mehr Latif, Pete Simi, Kathleen Blee, Matthew Demichele
Sociology Faculty Articles and Research
In this article, we present empirical evidence on the cognitive processes underlying racist beliefs and judgement. We draw on 47 life history interviews with former members of White supremacist groups to better understand how social interactions and stimuli from the wider environment inform cognitive pathways or how people think. While we examine both deliberate and intuitive pathways to racist belief, we focus on the intuitive ways that extreme racist beliefs are cognitively processed before, during and after an individual is involved in the White supremacist movement. In doing so, we fill a critical gap in the literature by providing an …
Irish Farm Crime Survey,
2023
Technological University Dublin
Globalization And Transnational Organized Crime: Family Disintegration In Africa And The Impact On Women And Girls,
2023
BMCC / York College
Globalization And Transnational Organized Crime: Family Disintegration In Africa And The Impact On Women And Girls, Oluremi Alapo
Open Educational Resources
Documented incidents of trafficking in women and children in West Africa date as far back as the 1960s. Significant public recognition and focus only happened around the 1990s. Although no exact figures and data on the number of trafficked victims, there are indicators to show that the incident in the sub-region is reaching alarming proportions. One of such indicators is the growing number of women and children, especially children in cities and big towns of West African states and European countries who are in these places as a result of urban and illegal transborder migration as well as a growing …
The Impact Of Community On The Offender's Reentry Process Using Data From The Serious And Violent Offender Reentry Initiative (Svori) On Adult Males And Females,
2023
Arkansas State University
The Impact Of Community On The Offender's Reentry Process Using Data From The Serious And Violent Offender Reentry Initiative (Svori) On Adult Males And Females, Meta Jean Schlimpert
Student Theses and Dissertations
The objective of this study is to examine how offenders are impacted by their social environment upon being released from prison. Using data from the Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative (SVORI), the current study aims to examine the potential role of community support along with factors including employment, housing, peer relationships, and family support. By doing so, this study aims to identify difficulties in the reentry process and offer suggestions for improvements in this process. The results of the study are discussed, along with recommendations for future studies and policy implications.
A Vicious Cycle: How Racialised Moral Panics Simultaneously Reproduce (And Are Reproduced By) Repressive Policing Practices,
2023
University of Cambridge
A Vicious Cycle: How Racialised Moral Panics Simultaneously Reproduce (And Are Reproduced By) Repressive Policing Practices, Oscar D. Sharples
Culture, Society, and Praxis
Policing and moral panics exist in a mutually reinforcing, reciprocal relationship, the harmful outcomes of which are disproportionately directed towards poor communities of colour. This paper will draw on two examples of moral panics: those surrounding Islamic terrorism and Black crime, in order to illustrate the harm that this reinforcing relationship can cause. This harm manifests itself in increasingly restrictive antiterrorism laws, Prevent initiatives, racial profiling, and internal surveillance within the Muslim community; as well as the policies of Joint Enterprise, Knife Crime Prevention Orders (KCPOs), and the strengthening of the school-to-prison pipeline, which disproportionally target Black youth. With reference …
