Demography, Population, and Ecology Commons^™

Getting Better At Discussing Population Issues, David Chan

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

In an invited commentary, SMU Behavioural Sciences Institute Director Professor David Chan discussed the lessons learned from the release of the Population White Paper two years ago, and apply them to the review that will occur in fewer than five years from now. He examined the adaptive responses from the Government, issues of strategic communications, and population challenges and opportunities.

The Healthy Immigrant Effect In Canada: A Systematic Review, Zoua Vang, Jennifer Sigouin, Astrid Flenon, Alain Gagnon

Population Change and Lifecourse Strategic Knowledge Cluster Discussion Paper Series/ Un Réseau stratégique de connaissances Changements de population et parcours de vie Document de travail

Canada’s immigration admissions policy calls for individuals with high human capital (Knowles, 2007). Given the strong links between human capital and health (Jasso et al., 2004) and previous research which suggested the presence of a seemingly universal foreign-born health advantage among Canada’s migrant population, we expected to see the healthy immigrant effect across the life-course and for multiple health outcomes. What we found instead was a pattern much more complex than previously envisioned. Our review uncovered a clear survival advantage for immigrants, owing in part to positive self and state selection processes (at least for non-refugee migrants). However, there is …

Are Female Baby Boomers Ready For Retirement?, Lori Curtis, Kate Rybczynski

Population Change and Lifecourse Strategic Knowledge Cluster Discussion Paper Series/ Un Réseau stratégique de connaissances Changements de population et parcours de vie Document de travail

Due to their life-course socio-economic conditions, many female boomers may suffer large decreases in well-being as they head into retirement. Pension reforms which increase retirement age will disproportionately disadvantage those already in low income. While changes to the CPP will reduce losses from poor or sporadic labour force participation, these changes are too late to help the early boomer women. Likewise, while research suggests that improving retirement outcomes must begin with improved labour market conditions, inequitable conditions persist. Therefore, any current policy change will miss helping the early boomers. Finally, with increasing rates of chronic disease and longer lifespans, policy …

A Review Of Research On Aging Families: Emerging Issues, Zheng Wu, Sean Browning

Population Change and Lifecourse Strategic Knowledge Cluster Discussion Paper Series/ Un Réseau stratégique de connaissances Changements de population et parcours de vie Document de travail

Against the background of the demographic shifts of population aging, increased immigration, and growing ethno‐cultural diversity in Canada, it is important that we gain a better understanding of the needs of aging families. To date, family gerontologists have begun producing research on aging families to better understand how their needs can be met. In order to assess the state of the literature on aging families, we conducted a literature search (2009‐ 2014) of eleven top, peer‐reviewed journals. This literature was then assessed, revealing five prevalent themes: (1) structural diversity in aging families, (2) family relationships in later life, (3) caregiving …

The New Immigration And Ethnic Identity, Christoph Schimmele, Zheng Wu

Population Change and Lifecourse Strategic Knowledge Cluster Discussion Paper Series/ Un Réseau stratégique de connaissances Changements de population et parcours de vie Document de travail

This knowledge synthesis provides an up-to-date assessment of how the acculturation experiences of the children of immigrants influences their social identities. While other factors affect identity development, this synthesis focuses on the interface between identity and intergroup relations. Most post-1965 immigrants encounter economic circumstances and a “color” barrier that complicate the acculturation process. How these structural forces affect the pathway towards becoming a Canadian or an American is a far-reaching issue. For groups that are able to achieve economic parity with Whites and encounter little racism, their “ethnicity” could recede across generations. Hence, recent immigrants could eventually adopt unhyphenated identities …

Selected Demographic And Economic Information For Platte County, Jerry Deichert, Bob Blair

Presentations

Population and Population Change: 1970 to 2013.

Improving The Efficacy Of Family Planning Policies In Indian, Chinese, Tanzanian Contexts, And Beyond, Jayce O'Shields

Student Scholarship

In this paper, I will first present the problem of global overpopulation and the solution of decreasing populations to replacement level fertility using effective family planning and contraceptive policies. I will then describe the Indian state of Kerala as a model cultural context in which fertility rates have significantly declined in recent history and explain how Kerala can provide insight into efficient family planning and contraceptive strategies. Next, I will examine extant state and non-governmental organization (NGO) family planning and contraceptive policies in in India, China, and Tanzania, and in comparison to the Kerala mode, make general recommendations on how …

Education And Educational Attainment In Southern Nevada, Jennifer Pharr, Courtney Coughenour, Shawn Gerstenberger

Nevada Journal of Public Health

Failure to complete high school has a direct impact on a person’s earning potential and quality of life. Higher levels of education are associated with better health. Because of this association, it is important for children and adults to have access to quality education. The percentage of adults who have successfully pursued higher education in Southern Nevada is lower than the peer Mountain West metropolitan areas and the national average. Nevada high school graduation rates are the lowest in the nation. High school graduation rates and dropout rates vary by race/ethnicity in the Clark County School District. High school graduation …

2015 Community And Family Institute Homeless Report: A Comprehensive Examination Of Homelessness In Washington And Benton Counties, Kevin M. Fitzpatrick, Stephanie Collier, Gail O'Connor

Homelessness

This report highlights the findings from the 2015 PIT Homeless Census in NWA. In addition, the report provides an overview of how the population has changed with regards to the PIT reporting since 2007. Finally, this report highlights a comprehensive random, representative survey of 168 homeless adults living in Washington and Benton Counties.

Optimism In Nonmetropolitan Nebraska: Perceptions Of Well-Being, 2015 Nebraska Rural Poll Results, Rebecca J. Vogt, Cheryl A. Burkhart-Kriesel, Randolph L. Cantrell, Bradley Lubben, L. J. Mcelravy

Nebraska Rural Poll

This year, rural Nebraskans are the most positive about their current situation as they’ve been in all 20 years of this study. Just over one-half (53%) of rural Nebraskans believe they are better off than they were five years ago (the highest proportion in all 20 years of this study, tied in 2008). This is up slightly from 50 percent last year. And, rural Nebraskans’ outlook on their future is the most optimistic in all 20 years of this study. Almost one-half of rural Nebraskans (48%) believe they will be better off ten years from now (the highest of all …

United States Census Summary Chart, Rootsweb

Genealogy Resources

Form used to list names of father, mother, and children according to the United States census from 1790 through 1930. Includes a section to note where the family resided when each census was taken.

The Effect Of Fatherhood On Employment Hours: Variation By Birth Timing, Marriage And Coresidence, Matthew Weinshenker

Sociology Faculty Publications

Drawing on the life course paradigm, I assess how the effect of fatherhood on employment hours varies by age of becoming a parent and time elapsed since the birth. Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth – 1979 Cohort from 1979 to 2002 (N = 28,514 observations), separate effects are estimated based on fathers’ marital status and co-residence with own children. Only unmarried men who became fathers before 24 work longer hours immediately after a first birth, but in the long run, most early fathers work fewer hours as a result of parenthood. Over time, unmarried but coresident men who …

Nebraska Annual Social Indicators Survey (Nasis) 2014-2015 Methodology Report,, Bureau Of Sociological Research

Nebraska Annual Social Indicators Survey (NASIS)

Bureau of Sociological Research 2014-2015 NASIS Methodology Report 2

Contents

Introduction 3

Mode Selection 3

Design and Item Selection 3

Sampling Design 4

Experimental Design Treatment 4

Data Collection Process 4

Response Rate 5

Data-Entry Training, Supervision, and Quality Control 5

Processing of Completed Surveys 5

Data Cleaning 5

NASIS Sample Weights 6

Design Effects 6

Questions 6

Estimate of Sampling Error 9

Appendices 10

Appendix A: Cover Letters 10

First Mailing Cover Letter 10

Second Mailing Cover Letter 11

Appendix B: Survey Instrument (printed in black & white only) 12

Appendix C: Future Interest Research Form 24

Appendix D: …

Nasis 2015: Nebraska Annual Social Indicators Survey Questionnaire, Bureau Of Sociological Research

Nebraska Annual Social Indicators Survey (NASIS)

We need your help to learn about how Nebraskans think, feel, and live. Researchers from the University of Nebraska and across the state are counting on your help to learn about a variety of issues. Your responses will help shape program and policy development in Nebraska now and into the future.

108 questions; 12 pages

Gender Equality In University Education In Egypt [Arabic], Nagwa Megahed

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

No abstract provided.

Trends In Hiv Prevalence, Sexual And Health Seeking Behaviors, And Hiv-Related Discrimination Among Nigerian Youth, Population Council

HIV and AIDS

Nigeria, home to over 170 million people, has a disproportionately heavy youth population of 32 percent whose well-being is intricately tied to the country’s prospects for sustainable development. Nigeria has an HIV prevalence of 3.4 percent, the second highest number of infections in the world. In 2013, it was estimated that 160,000 adolescents in Nigeria were living with HIV. Although Nigeria has developed a national HIV strategic plan that forms a basis for the HIV response, national AIDS and related policies contain few youth-centered provisions. Overall, the national strategic plan targets youth as part of the general population. To fill …

Do Clinical Decision-Support Reminders For Medical Providers Improve Isoniazid Prescription Rates Among Hiv-Positive Adults?, Eric P. Green, Caricia Catalani, Aggrey Keny, Lameck Diero, Charity Ndwiga, Dennis Israelski, Paul Biondich

HIV and AIDS

People living with HIV (PLHIV) are at increased risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB) and dying from TB. Isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) can prevent this, but only a small fraction of HIV-positive individuals are on IPT. Previous research suggests that clinical decision support systems (CDSS)—electronic systems that use existing patient data and established algorithms to generate alerts, reminders, or recommendations intended to aid clinical decision-making—have the potential to improve provider adherence to diagnostic and treatment guidelines. Researchers conducted a cluster randomized controlled trial of a new CDSS intervention for TB screening, prevention, and treatment in a high HIV and TB …

A Secondary Analysis Of Retention Across The Pmtct Cascade In Selected Countries: Rwanda, Malawi, Kenya, And Swaziland, Godfrey Woelk, Aida Y. Berhan, Kwashie Kudiabor, Martha Mukaminega, John On'gech, Epiphanie Nyirabahizi, Caspian Chouraya, David Kimosop, Dieudonne Ndatimana, Mafayo Phiri, Heather Hoffman

HIV and AIDS

There is global consensus that transmission of HIV from mother to child can be eliminated. The Global Task Team, co-chaired by UNAIDS and the US Office of the Global AIDS Coordinator, has developed a global framework with the goal of eliminating new HIV infections among children (transmission rate of less than 5 percent) by 2015. Reaching the goal depends on optimal execution of each step in a complex cascade of activities, including testing and counseling for HIV, early attendance for antenatal care to optimize antiretroviral prophylaxis for prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT), adherence to the drugs, CD4 count testing, and, …

Addressing Mental Health Disorders And Hiv Vulnerability Of Marginalized Adolescents In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Nrupa Jani, Lung Vu, Sam Kalibala, Gebeyehu Mekonnen, Kay Lynn

HIV and AIDS

Ethiopia is experiencing an increasingly urban, female-centered HIV epidemic alongside a rise in rural migration of adolescents to Addis Ababa. Often these migrants are confronted by social challenges such as lack of education, inadequate housing, unstable employment conditions, and physical and sexual abuse. These difficult living circumstances contribute to psychological and mental health problems among these adolescents, potentially putting them at greater risk of acquiring HIV. However, knowledge about how targeted mental health interventions can impact HIV-related outcomes worldwide, and in Ethiopia, remains limited. The goal of this study was to pilot test a strategy for addressing mental health problems, …

Sexual And Reproductive Health And Rights Among Young People Living With Hiv In Uganda: Findings From The Link Up Baseline Survey, Population Council

HIV and AIDS

An estimated 3.7 percent of young people aged 15–24 years are living with HIV in Uganda, and face unique challenges in navigating a wide array of social, health, and developmental challenges as they transition to adulthood. Like all young people, those who live with HIV are starting to learn about their sexuality, often beginning to have intimate relationships or marry. In addition, they confront a myriad of complex issues associated with HIV status disclosure, initiation of and adherence to antiretroviral therapy, and deeply entrenched HIV-related stigma and discrimination. Young women bear a disproportionate share of this burden. Compared with men …