Examining The Relationship Between Self-Compassion And Emotion Regulation Strategies Using Ambulatory Assessment Methods,
2019
Northern Illinois University
Examining The Relationship Between Self-Compassion And Emotion Regulation Strategies Using Ambulatory Assessment Methods, Lindsay Mae Miller
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
Self-compassion focuses on how individuals treat themselves during periods of suffering. Overall, self-compassion is positively associated with adaptive mental health outcomes and negatively associated with psychopathology. One potential mechanism by which self-compassion may influence other constructs is emotion regulation. Unfortunately, most research about emotion regulation is conducted using retrospective reporting, meaning that the data are subject to memory biases. Ambulatory assessment methods allow for more frequent sampling, thus decreasing the reliance on recall. Using this methodology, the present study examined how differences in self-compassion were related to emotion regulation in daily life. Contrary to predictions, few ambulatory measures (depression, anxiety, …
Behavioral Interference Of Memory Reconsolidation As A Treatment For Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms,
2019
Northern Illinois University
Behavioral Interference Of Memory Reconsolidation As A Treatment For Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms, Benjamin Darnell
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is best conceptualized as a failure of the stress response to naturally resolve following trauma exposure (e.g., Orcutt, Bonanno, Hannan, & Miron, 2014). Current treatments are effective for some, but not all who suffer from PTSD (e.g., Bradley, Greene, Russ, Dutra, & Westen, 2005; Lee et al., 2016), and relapse is common (Ursano et al., 2004; Davidson et al., 2001). Considering that PTSD is a memory-based disorder, a treatment that could augment trauma memories has the potential to address the limitations of current interventions. Research on memory suggests that, if a memory is retrieved under the …
The Effects Of Pre-Existing Beliefs About Alcohol Consumption On Predicting Victim Blame In Incapacitated And Drug Facilitated Rape,
2019
Northern Illinois University
The Effects Of Pre-Existing Beliefs About Alcohol Consumption On Predicting Victim Blame In Incapacitated And Drug Facilitated Rape, Robyn Alyssa Ellis
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
Alcohol-involved sexual assault is more common on college and appears to garner more negative social reactions, such as victim blaming than forcible assault. There are two specified types of alcohol-involved sexual assaults identified in the literature: drug and alcohol facilitated rape (DAFR) and incapacitated rape (IR). Factors such as rape myths, rape scripts and alcohol expectancies also have been implicated in victim blaming. This study sought to test Abbey’s model of alcohol’s role in sexual assault in predicting victim blame by a third-party observer and examine differences in victim blame between IR and DAFR. Participants included 227 undergraduates at a …
Eyewitness Memory Recall In Adolescents With Callous-Unemotional Traits,
2019
West Virginia University
Eyewitness Memory Recall In Adolescents With Callous-Unemotional Traits, Benjamin Dylan Thomas
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Individuals with high levels of psychopathic traits have been portrayed as having higher intelligence and better memory (Cleckley, 2015). In terms of developmental pathways for psychopathy, the strongest predictor of children and adolescents developing psychopathic traits in adulthood is high levels of callous-unemotional (CU) traits in childhood (Burke et al, 2007; Frick, 2009). Research has been mixed with regard to links between CU or psychopathic traits and memory performance in children and adults, with some studies finding that individuals with high levels of these traits demonstrated poorer memory performance (Bauer & Hesselbrock, 2001; Dolan & Fullam, 2005). This study examined …
Longitudinal Associations Between Functional Disability, Depression, And Suicide In Middle-Aged And Older Adults,
2019
West Virginia University
Longitudinal Associations Between Functional Disability, Depression, And Suicide In Middle-Aged And Older Adults, Julie Ann Lutz
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Suicide is a significant public health problem among older adults in the United States and around the world. There has been little research to date on longitudinal change in functional disability and depressive symptoms, both of which have been posited to be associated with suicide risk among middle-aged and older adults, and their association with death by suicide. The aims of this study were to 1) characterize longitudinal change in functional disability and depressive symptoms separately; 2) characterize the directional associations between functional disability and depressive symptoms in bivariate models; and 3) determine how different patterns of change among these …
The Parent-Child Interaction Therapy Family Experiences And Feedback Study: A Follow-Up Examination Of Attrition In An Evidence-Based Treatment In Community Settings Statewide,
2019
West Virginia University
The Parent-Child Interaction Therapy Family Experiences And Feedback Study: A Follow-Up Examination Of Attrition In An Evidence-Based Treatment In Community Settings Statewide, Brittany K. Liebsack
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Attrition is a significant problem in child psychotherapy (De Haan, Boon, De Jong, Hoeve, & Vermeiren, 2013) and has serious implications (Barrett et al., 2008). Predictors of attrition include those at the client, therapist, and treatment levels. The current study investigated variables associated with attrition in Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT), an evidence-based parent training program for families with young children (ages 2.5- to 7-years-old) with disruptive behavior disorders. The sample of 67 caregivers were treated by 25 therapists from 19 different licensed psychiatric outpatient clinics across one state and were part of a larger study (RO1 MH09750; A Statewide Trial …
An Investigation Of The Relation Between Mindfulness And Self-Esteem Stability,
2019
West Virginia University
An Investigation Of The Relation Between Mindfulness And Self-Esteem Stability, Cameron Grant Ford
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Self-esteem stability is the magnitude of the short-term fluctuations in one’s immediate feelings of self-worth (Kernis, 2005). Stable self-esteem is associated with several psychological benefits, such as lower depression (Kernis et al., 1998). However, it is unknown what factors lead to self-esteem stability. Because mindfulness promotes a nonjudgmental orientation whereby thoughts, feelings, and reactions are viewed as transient events that do not necessarily represent objective reality, mindfulness might be associated with more stable self-esteem. Thus, the present research examined the relation between mindfulness and self-esteem stability. Undergraduates (N = 190) were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: mindfulness …
Examining The Impact Of Treatment Fidelity On Client Outcomes In A Statewide Implementation Of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy,
2019
West Virginia University
Examining The Impact Of Treatment Fidelity On Client Outcomes In A Statewide Implementation Of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy, Mira D H Snider
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Clinician treatment fidelity, consisting of treatment adherence and clinician competence, is commonly assessed during the implementation of evidence-based treatments to ensure that clinicians are delivering care according to an intended service model. Although resources are often expended in fidelity measurement, associations between fidelity and client outcomes has not been well established in the psychotherapy literature. The relationship between clinician fidelity and treatment outcomes was investigated in a longitudinal sample of clinicians (n = 17) and parent-child dyads (n = 32) following a statewide implementation of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy. Observer-rated measures of adherence and coaching competence collected from early …
Provider-Patient Communication And Transition Readiness Among Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes,
2019
West Virginia University
Provider-Patient Communication And Transition Readiness Among Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes, Corrine N. Ahrabi-Nejad
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The majority of adolescents with type 1 diabetes do not maintain a glycemic control within the recommended range. Poor diabetes control can yield both short term and long term acute health complications, making it critical for adolescents to achieve diabetes control. During this same time in development, adolescents are preparing for the transition from pediatric to adult diabetes care. Adolescents often transition to adult care based on their age rather than their transition readiness, which may result in a lack of support from their pediatric provider, potentially exacerbating their already poor glycemic control. Transitioning from pediatric care to adult care …
Predictors And Health Outcomes Of Treatment-Resistant Depression Among Adults With Chronic Non-Cancer Pain Conditions And Major Depressive Disorder,
2019
West Virginia University
Predictors And Health Outcomes Of Treatment-Resistant Depression Among Adults With Chronic Non-Cancer Pain Conditions And Major Depressive Disorder, Drishti Shah
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Understanding major depressive disorder (MDD) as a comorbidity in patients with chronic non-cancer pain conditions (CNPC) is of importance because of the high prevalence and well documented bi-directional relationship between MDD and pain. Furthermore, presence of CNPC among adults with MDD often reduces benefits of antidepressant therapy, thereby increasing the possibility of treatment resistance. Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) commonly defined as insufficient response to multiple antidepressant trials, often worsens depression and pain symptoms and can amplify the clinical and economic burden among adults with CNPC and MDD. Additionally, long-term opioid therapy (LTOT) may be prescribed at a higher rate to adults …
Pokemon Go And Mental Health,
2019
Eastern Illinois University
Pokemon Go And Mental Health, Nathaniel Ed
Masters Theses
Pokémon GO is a new type of game that emphasizes physical activity and social interaction. In the literature, both physical activity and social interactions have been shown to be positively correlated with mental health. Much research has been conducted on the effects of gaming on mental health, but to date no research has been done on the possible correlations of the game Pokémon GO and mental health. The present study was conducted to determine whether Pokémon GO players scored significantly lower than a control group of traditional garners on scales of depression, anxiety, and pathological gaming, and if they reported …
Lifetime History Of Concussions And Behavioral Measures Of Anhedonia,
2019
University of Central Florida
Lifetime History Of Concussions And Behavioral Measures Of Anhedonia, John O'Donnell
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Concussions are the most common neuropsychological problem in the United States and are associated with sequelae such as cognitive complaints and depression-related symptoms. Recent research suggests that head trauma is associated with anhedonia and that concussions have the potential to damage axons and postsynaptic connections in neural circuits that play a role in reward processing. Anhedonia may be better understood as an overarching construct with multiple subtypes including motivational, decisional, and consummatory. The current study examines the relationship between lifetime concussion history and subtypes of anhedonia using behavioral measures of reward processing: the Effort Expenditure for Rewards Task (EEfRT), Probabilistic …
Protective Behavioral Strategies And Alcohol-Related Sex Among College Students,
2019
University of Central Florida
Protective Behavioral Strategies And Alcohol-Related Sex Among College Students, Roselyn Peterson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Adverse sexual outcomes (e.g., sexual regret, sexual risk, and sexual assault) are a common experience among college students. In particular, regretted sex is reported by a third of college students and may result in psychological harm. Previous literature has found that alcohol is involved in approximately one third of regretted sex experienced by college students. A gap exists in the literature identifying who is more susceptible to experiencing a regretted sexual experience. Previous research has shown that students who implement protective behavioral strategies (PBS) while drinking are able to reduce alcohol-related negative consequences, including regretted sexual experiences. Three sub-types of …
The Impact Of Social Determinants Of Health On The Efficacy Of School-Based Interventions For Adolescents With Adhd,
2019
Virginia Commonwealth University
The Impact Of Social Determinants Of Health On The Efficacy Of School-Based Interventions For Adolescents With Adhd, Cathrin D. Green
Theses and Dissertations
Adolescents with Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often experience impairment in academic functioning in the school and home environment. Because of this, many school- and clinic-based interventions have been developed to target these problems. Initially, clinic-based interventions were mainly used; however, these interventions were associated with many barriers to care, such as lack of transportation, financial resources, and time. Therefore, school-based interventions were developed to address these barriers. However, there has been minimal research evaluating the role of social determinants of health on the efficacy of school-based interventions. In a sample of 222 adolescents with ADHD randomly assigned to receive either a …
Using Latent Semantic Analysis To Evaluate The Coherence Of Traumatic Event Narratives,
2019
Virginia Commonwealth University
Using Latent Semantic Analysis To Evaluate The Coherence Of Traumatic Event Narratives, Gabriella C. Scalzo
Theses and Dissertations
While a growing evidence base suggests that expressive writing about a traumatic event may be an effective intervention which results in a variety of health benefits, there are still multiple competing theories that seek to explain expressive writing’s mechanism(s) of action. Two of the theories with stronger evidence bases are exposure theory and cognitive processing theory. The state of this field is complicated by methodological limitations; operationalizing and measuring the relative constructs of trauma narratives, such as coherence, traditionally requires time- and labor-intensive methods such as using a narrative coding scheme. This study used a computer-based methodology, latent semantic analysis …
The Association Between Increase In Maternal Education And Child Behavioral And Academic Outcomes: The Mediating Role Of The Home Learning Environment And Positive Parenting,
2019
Northern Illinois University
The Association Between Increase In Maternal Education And Child Behavioral And Academic Outcomes: The Mediating Role Of The Home Learning Environment And Positive Parenting, Samantha R. Awada
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
Research on maternal educational attainment has shown associations between higher levels of maternal education and positive child outcomes, such as greater academic proficiency and fewer externalizing problems. Most studies examine maternal education as a stable construct, measuring it at one point in time; however, a sizeable minority of mothers pursue education after the birth of a child. As such, it is important to investigate whether an increase in maternal education is a protective or a risk factor for child outcomes. Further, few have explored the processes through which the association between increases in maternal education and child outcomes exist. The …
Assessment Of “Meaning Made”: An Empirical Examination Of Factorial Structure And Measure Validity,
2019
Northern Illinois University
Assessment Of “Meaning Made”: An Empirical Examination Of Factorial Structure And Measure Validity, Andrea M. Despotes
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
Meaning-making theory posits that appraisal of a stressful event leads to distress if it is discrepant with one’s sense of “global meaning,” and such distress stimulates meaning-making processes aimed at eliminating the discrepancy. If meaning making leads to new meaning (i.e., “meaning made”), the stress-induced discrepancy is reduced, which generally is expected to result in positive adjustment. This study investigated the factorial structure of the meaning made construct using a sample (N = 372) of Amazon Mechanical Turk workers in the United States having “Masters” status and a minimum approval rating of 95%. Participants reported an average age of about …
Examining The Utility Of A Brief Self-Compassion Intervention For Emotion Regulation In Individuals With Exposure To Trauma,
2019
San Diego State University
Examining The Utility Of A Brief Self-Compassion Intervention For Emotion Regulation In Individuals With Exposure To Trauma, Sara Jean Himmerich
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
Research suggests that abilities to moderate and process trauma-related emotions may predict symptoms of posttraumatic stress, with the overuse of maladaptive emotion regulation strategies presenting a potential vulnerability to experiencing difficulties following trauma exposure. Self-compassion has been associated with the acceptance of negative emotions, with research finding evidence for positive associations between self-compassion and adaptive emotion regulation. Additionally, research suggests an inverse relationship between self-compassion and symptoms of posttraumatic stress. Self-compassion has been conceptualized and studied as a skill that can be learned, with studies finding support for improved abilities following targeted interventions. However, more research is needed to establish …
An Experimental Examination Of Religious Teaching And Thought-Action Fusion,
2019
Northern Illinois University
An Experimental Examination Of Religious Teaching And Thought-Action Fusion, Johanna Anita Younce
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
Scrupulosity is an understudied symptom dimension of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) that involves moral- and religious-based obsessions and compulsions. There are several different underlying cognitive beliefs that have been shown to be related to the development and maintenance of OCD, but one—moral thought-action fusion (TAF-moral)—has been highly associated with scrupulosity. TAF-moral is the belief that thoughts are morally equivalent to actions, including thoughts that are intrusive in nature. It has been found that individuals from different religious traditions display different levels of TAF-moral and display different strengths of association between TAF-moral and religiosity. However, these differences have not been examined experimentally …
Trauma Memory: The Role Of Alexithymia And Emotion Regulation,
2019
Northern Illinois University
Trauma Memory: The Role Of Alexithymia And Emotion Regulation, Jennifer Milliken
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
Alexithymia is a clinical term used to describe individuals who struggle to connect to their emotional experiences. Alexithymia is observed among individuals with a variety of mental health problems (Taylor, 2000; Taylor, Bagby, & Parker, 1997), and may characterize more severe clinical presentations (e.g., Frewen, Dozois, Neufeld, & Lanius, 2008). In addition, alexithymia seems to be related to adverse treatment outcomes (Kosten, Krystal, Giller, Frank, & Dan, 1992; Ogrodniczuk, Piper, & Joyce, 2011). This study adds to the current literature by examining the effect of alexithymia and emotion regulation (i.e., emotion suppression; emotion acceptance) on variables associated with trauma memory …
