Self-Efficacy And Perceived Susceptibility As Predictors Of Condom Use Among African American Males,
2022
Walden University
Self-Efficacy And Perceived Susceptibility As Predictors Of Condom Use Among African American Males, Karla Nash
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV/AIDS) is a disease that claims lives on a global scale, and correct condom use reduces the likelihood of infection by 10 to 20 times. African-American males are at increased risk for contracting HIV/AIDS compared to the general population. The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine the relationship between self-efficacy, susceptibility, and condom use in Californian African-American men using the health belief model as a theoretical guide. One hundred and five African American men between the ages of 18 and 35 years were recruited through local barber shops, sports and recreation centers, churches, and social …
Law Enforcement Officers’ Lived Experiences With Male Victims Of Intimate Partner Violence,
2022
Walden University
Law Enforcement Officers’ Lived Experiences With Male Victims Of Intimate Partner Violence, Selena Sanchez
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects every race, culture, orientation, and sex. However, researchers focus largely on women as victims of IPV by men. Unfortunately, social and gender norms contribute to the focus on women as victims while adult heterosexual men remain underreported, underrepresented, and viewed predominantly as perpetrators. For example, 91% of men were arrested when IPV was reported, and officers responded to the call. This was referred to as gendered stigmatization. This transcendental qualitative phenomenological approach focused on the lived experiences of law enforcement officers who were called to the scene where IPV had occurred or was occurring, and …
Examining The Utility Of Auditory Processing Tests In Clinical Neuropsychology,
2022
Walden University
Examining The Utility Of Auditory Processing Tests In Clinical Neuropsychology, Behnaz Sarlak
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Memory loss has been a concern in patients with neurodegenerative disease, as it can cause cognitive problems such as speech and language issues. Clinicians need to use reliable, assessable, noninvasive, repeatable, and inexpensive tools to diagnose memory impairment. There is a gap in the literature on whether specific cognitive tests provide valid, reliable, cost and time-effective methods for screening for dementia. The purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to examine if the Seashore, the Speech-Sound Perception Test, the SCAN-A test, Logical Memory, Verbal Paired Associates, and Digit Span Test can predict whether an individual has been diagnosed with Alzheimer’s …
Investigation Of The Relationship Between Interoception, Cognitive Flexibility, And Posttraumatic Growth,
2022
Walden University
Investigation Of The Relationship Between Interoception, Cognitive Flexibility, And Posttraumatic Growth, Sheaneh Sattari
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Experiencing a traumatic event is a common occurrence within the world population. Researchers have found post-traumatic growth (PTG) occurs in individuals who grow, adapt, and change after experiencing a trauma. Through the lens of adaptation and neuroplasticity frameworks, cognitive flexibility and interoception can be regarded as forms of change and growth. However, scholarly literature was deficient in the investigation of the possible associations between interoception, cognitive flexibility, and PTG in individuals with histories of trauma. The purpose of this nonexperimental cross-sectional correlation study was to find the combined effect and relative importance of cognitive flexibility and interoception in accounting for …
Posttraumatic Growth Following Critical Incident Exposure For Urban Firefighters,
2022
Walden University
Posttraumatic Growth Following Critical Incident Exposure For Urban Firefighters, Deirdre Smith
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Firefighters are often exposed to critical/traumatic incidents. Regular exposure to critical/traumatic incidents has the potential to cause negative psychological problems among this population, though there is also a likelihood that firefighters can experience a positive effect such as posttraumatic growth (PTG) as a result of critical incident exposure. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences of PTG for urban firefighters following exposure to work-related traumatic events. The phenomenon of PTG provided the conceptual framework for the study. Data were collected from semistructured telephone interviews with eight urban firefighters. Findings from coding and thematic analysis …
Self-Identifying Latino/A/X Former Mental Health Therapy Clients’ Experiences Receiving Mental Health Therapy,
2022
Walden University
Self-Identifying Latino/A/X Former Mental Health Therapy Clients’ Experiences Receiving Mental Health Therapy, Teresa Sypolt
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The Latino/a/x population in the United States continues to increase as does the need for mental health professionals who are bilingual and knowledgeable on multicultural issues. Spanish is the native language spoken in approximately 13% of the households in the United States, with 36% of Spanish-speakers seeking mental health treatment. Research on therapists serving Latino/a/x clients indicated that therapists struggled to provide culturally sensitive and linguistic appropriate interventions. While therapists’ challenges and experiences have been explored, little is known on the therapeutic experiences of Latino/a/x former clients. The purpose of this interpretative phenomenological analysis was to explore the therapeutic experiences …
The Efficacy Of Juvenile Treatment Program Services As Evidenced By Posttreatment Re-Offenses,
2022
Walden University
The Efficacy Of Juvenile Treatment Program Services As Evidenced By Posttreatment Re-Offenses, Michelle R. Valenzuela
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractThe determination of whether juvenile intervention programs are effective in the reduction of future delinquency has been an ongoing research concern among scholars for over a century. Researchers have established that intervention programs are helpful for some juveniles but have not determined if intervention treatment outcomes continued beyond adolescence. The purpose of this quantitative study was to address the efficacy of services provided within juvenile intervention programs. This study addressed these gaps in previous research, focusing on the services provided within the intervention program and outcomes of continued delinquent behaviors beyond 3 years using multiple regression analysis. Social control theory …
The Influence Of Parents' Pathological Social Media Engagement And Parenting Style On Delinquent Behavior Among Mexican American Adolescents,
2022
Walden University
The Influence Of Parents' Pathological Social Media Engagement And Parenting Style On Delinquent Behavior Among Mexican American Adolescents, Martha Lilia Varela-Rios
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The pathological use of social media is a growing problem for diverse groups today. For parents, the resulting detachment from their adolescent children, compromised communication, and limited monitoring of children's activities appear highly correlated with increased adolescent delinquency. The purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to examine the predictive relationships between Mexican American parents’ pathological use of social media and their adolescent's delinquent behavior and between these parents’ parenting styles and their adolescent's delinquent behavior. Unhealthy parenting styles have also been associated with delinquency in adolescents. The theoretical foundation of the study was based on Bowlby’s attachment theory and …
Predictors Of Direct Support Professional Turnover At Residential Facilities For Intellectually–Developmentally Disabled Individuals,
2022
Walden University
Predictors Of Direct Support Professional Turnover At Residential Facilities For Intellectually–Developmentally Disabled Individuals, Claudio A. Lugo
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Turnover continues to be a problem for residential settings that provide services to intellectually–developmentally disabled (IDD) individuals in the United States. The annual turnover rate in residential facilities serving IDD individuals is 45%. Close to 35% of direct support professionals (DSPs) leave their positions in fewer than 6 months and 22% within 6–12 months. Previous studies of healthcare nurses working in hospitals, nursing homes, and other healthcare settings have found that different factors, such as stress, autonomy, or lack of recognition, contribute to turnover. These factors have not been studied in DSPs working in residential facilities. This quantitative, multiple logistic …
Maternal Attachment And The Role Of Disparate Biology In Lesbian Co-Mothers,
2022
Walden University
Maternal Attachment And The Role Of Disparate Biology In Lesbian Co-Mothers, Annisha J. Peets
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Lesbian co-mothers represent a unique population whose alternative family structure has received additional attention resulting from legal changes permitting same-sex marriage. Challenging the heteronormative status quo through lesbian mothering offers numerous facets of familial relationship development and dynamics worth exploring. Prior research has focused on exploring how adoptive lesbian co-mothers navigate the emotional connections to their children; however, it has not adequately explored how lesbian couples negotiate unequal biological ties to their children and the extent to which biology influences which mother forms a primary bond to the child. This study explored the disparate role of biology and any influences …
Experiences With Online Video Conferencing Therapy Among Former Military Service Members With Ptsd,
2022
Walden University
Experiences With Online Video Conferencing Therapy Among Former Military Service Members With Ptsd, Lanier Wells
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has become a major mental health concern for veterans transitioning to civilian life. This qualitative phenomenological research study focused on interviewing 20 former military service members diagnosed with PTSD to understand their experiences related to online video conferencing therapy. The theoretical foundation of this study was guided by Beck’s cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) model. The open-ended research questions examined veterans diagnosed with PTSD perceptions, attitudes, and opinions related to online video conferencing therapy, prior to and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Semi structured interview questions and a demographic questionnaire was used to collect data from participants who …
Applied Behavior Analysis Therapy For Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder And The Impact Of Environment On Treatment Outcomes,
2022
Walden University
Applied Behavior Analysis Therapy For Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder And The Impact Of Environment On Treatment Outcomes, James Adkins
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) effects growing numbers of children and effective treatment is essential for families to overcome the challenges associated with ASD. Applied behavior analysis treatment has been tailored to address the unique learning needs of children with ASD. The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which treatment environment impacted language milestones and barriers among children with ASD. Behaviorism and applied behavior analysis served as the framework for the study. A nonexperimental quantitative mixed design with two independent variables was used. The between-subjects independent variable was type of treatment environment (home vs. clinic). The within-subjects …
The Biopsychosocial Impact Of Racial Discrimination Among African Americans,
2022
Walden University
The Biopsychosocial Impact Of Racial Discrimination Among African Americans, Amy Renae Amin
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between racial discrimination and anger, stress, and obesity. The stress-disease model provided a theoretical perspective of the biological, psychological, and social pathways from stress. Past research regarding the correlation between racial discrimination, anger, stress, and obesity reported a possible connection, but results have been mixed. This research expanded upon existing literature that proposed that blatant or subtle experiences of racial discrimination are pathways to mental and physical health consequences. The hypothesis was that there was a significant relationship between racial discrimination and the levels of stress, anger, and obesity. Racial …
Coherence-Based Resilience Effects On Antenatal Autonomic Nervous System Stress Markers Controlled,
2022
Walden University
Coherence-Based Resilience Effects On Antenatal Autonomic Nervous System Stress Markers Controlled, Patrice Fortune
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractAntenatal stress disrupts autonomic nervous system (ANS) equilibrium within the neuro-cardio-utero-placental (NCUP) structure perpetuating treatable conditions of depressive-based gestational hypertension disorders. The present ANS-based study of the NCUP system investigated the effect of coherence-based stress resilience (CBSR) post-4-week intervention. This quasi-experimental research design involved experimental (n = 8) and waitlist control (n = 3) conditions. Controlling for pretest values, quantitative pre-post methodology was used to assess the effect of CBSR to evaluate change in variables. Resultant of small sample size, significant findings are considered tentatively. Heart rate variability (p = 0.044), dehydroepiandrosterone/ dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (p = 0.142), Pregnancy Experience Scale …
Capitalizing On Stress: Improving Affect And Self-Efficacy Through An Arousal Reappraisal Intervention,
2022
Georgia Southern University
Capitalizing On Stress: Improving Affect And Self-Efficacy Through An Arousal Reappraisal Intervention, Angel Long
College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations
Stress is a non-specific reaction to the body (Jamieson et al., 2018), defined as a feeling of tension when one’s personal resources are taxed or exceeded (Folkman & Lazarus, 1985). Coping mechanisms for stress often focus on reducing associated features (Connor-Smith & Flachsbart, 2007). However, stress can produce challenge states, mindsets where individuals perceive personal resources as greater than situational demands (Jamieson et al., 2013). Challenge states are more likely to elicit positive behavior (Jamieson et al., 2018) and improved cognitive performance (Jamieson et al., 2010). One prospective mechanism to foster challenge states is arousal reappraisal, a cognitive mechanism …
Entitlement, Psychological Vulnerability, And Criminality: An Expansion On Grubbs And Exline's (2016) Model,
2022
Antioch New England Graduate School
Entitlement, Psychological Vulnerability, And Criminality: An Expansion On Grubbs And Exline's (2016) Model, Allison Dart
Antioch University Dissertations & Theses
The current study examines the predictive relationships among Entitlement, criminal thinking, and psychological vulnerability. Eighty male incarcerated individuals participated in this research and four measures were administered to each participant: the Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire (ACEs), the Texas Christian University Criminal Thinking Scale (TCU-CTS), the Woodcock Johnson-IV Cognitive Brief Intellectual Abilities scale (WJ-IV COG BIA), and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF). Results yielded the following findings: Behavioral/Externalizing Dysfunction was the best predictor of Entitlement. Behavioral/Externalizing Dysfunction and Thought Dysfunction were the best predictors of each of the other aspects of criminogenic thinking. Emotional/Internalizing Dysfunction did not reliably …
The Flourishing Trainee: Operationalizing Self-Care Education In Clinical Psychology Training Programs,
2022
Antioch University Seattle
The Flourishing Trainee: Operationalizing Self-Care Education In Clinical Psychology Training Programs, Bonnie B. Zinn
Antioch University Dissertations & Theses
Evidence suggests that clinical psychology trainees may be vulnerable to stress, vicarious traumatization, secondary traumatic stress, compassion fatigue, and burnout. Research also indicates that engaging in self-care may help to protect clinical psychology trainees against those experiences and enhance their well-being. However, best available research suggests self-care education is not consistently incorporated into clinical psychology training or prioritized by program directors. This study provided a systematic review of existing literature on self-care for clinical psychology trainees, utilizing reflexive thematic analysis to identify the essential skills, knowledge, and attitudes of self-care which should be taught to trainees, and how to operationalize …
Examining The Utility Of Hope Interventions To Mitigate The Effect Of Discrimination On Distress In African Americans,
2022
Georgia Southern University
Examining The Utility Of Hope Interventions To Mitigate The Effect Of Discrimination On Distress In African Americans, Sunia H. Choudhury
College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations
Hope is a positive psychology resource that utilizes one’s perceptions of strengths to create clear goals, produce multiple pathways to reach goals, overcome barriers, and generate the energy needed to pursue goals by increasing positive affect and satisfaction, while reducing negative problem orientations (Magyar-Moe, 2014). Hope interventions also significantly reduce psychological distress (Rustøen, Cooper, & Miaskowski, 2011). Discrimination is a significant barrier to quality of life for African Americans (Bilkins, Allen, Davey, & Davey, 2016). Discriminatory experiences increase levels of distress (Brown, et al., 2000). However, it is unknown if hope interventions can protect African Americans against distress caused by …
Early Maturing Out Of Problematic Alcohol Use,
2022
University of Kentucky
Early Maturing Out Of Problematic Alcohol Use, Sarah J. Peterson
Theses and Dissertations--Psychology
Most research suggests that alcohol use peaks in the college years then declines into the mid-thirties (Jochman & Fromme, 2010). However, there is evidence that some individuals mature out earlier: downward trends for some individuals begin in college, with as many as one third of students decreasing their drinking (Baer et al., 2001). It is crucial to identify factors that differentiate those who decrease their drinking early from those who persist in high levels of consumption; doing so would clarify risk for college-related alcohol problems and perhaps subsequent alcohol use disorder, and aid in earlier targeted prevention and intervention. This …
Mild Cognitive Impairment In Presurgical Deep Brain Stimulation For Parkinson's Disease,
2022
University of Kentucky
Mild Cognitive Impairment In Presurgical Deep Brain Stimulation For Parkinson's Disease, Elizabeth Roslyn Wallace
Theses and Dissertations--Psychology
Although clinically characterized by motor impairments, Parkinson's disease (PD) often affects cognition early in the disease course. Cognitive changes common in PD include visuospatial abnormalities and prominent executive function (EF) deficits, with 30% of individuals eventually developing Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD). Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has been identified as a transitional state between normal cognition and PDD. A large cohort of individuals with PD at the Kentucky Neuroscience Institute have undergone pre-surgical evaluations for deep brain stimulation, although cognitive performance in this cohort has never been probed. Baseline cognitive performance of this cohort from 2017-2020 was examined to characterize the …
